CN102893798A

CN102893798A - Method for cultivating peas on natural supports

Info

Publication number: CN102893798A
Application number: CN 201210433220
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶卸妹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-11-02
Filing date: 2012-11-02
Publication date: 2013-01-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating peas on a natural supports. The conventional manually built support has the defects of higher cost and large amount of labour, while in the method provided by the invention, cotton plants in cotton fields are not extracted after harvesting, and peas are sown, so that the peas can climb onto the cotton plants after becoming seedlings. According to the invention, the peas are supported by the natural cotton supports after becoming seedlings; and at the same time, by applying the colonial plantation pattern, the tuft plantation of peas and the wide-row dense plantation of cotton are combined, and therefore the method has the advantages of favourableness for exertion of edge advantages of crops, improvement of light energy utilization efficiency, convenience in cultivation and management, economization of labour and support setting costs, and obvious economic benefit.

Description

The natural scaffold cultivation method of pea

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation method of pea up-right support, especially a kind ofly in cotton field, sow pea, take cotton plants as natural scaffold, save the support cost, the standing three-dimensional method of increasing the yield per unit area.

Background technology

Pisum pulse family herbaceous species crop, originate in Mediterranean, all there is cultivation China various places, the tender tip, tender pod, bright beans and the equal edible of dried beans, seed contains protein 20～34%, and is nutritious, quality is good, can eat raw or can processed, the Yangtze river basin vegetables dull season phase of picking time on the occasion of between 4～May, welcome by the masses.

Pea can be divided into grain pea, garden pea and three mutation of Pod-eating pea by the soft or hard of purposes and pod.Can be divided into light grain kind and elephant skin grain kind according to shape of the seed.Can be divided into climing property kind, half climing property kind and short property kind according to the plant height.Wherein climing property kind plant height is about 1～2 meter.Use as dish at present and plant, hard pod kind and soft pod kind are arranged.

Though it is not tight that pea requires soil, be advisable with loose higher neutrality (ph6.0～7.0) soil of organic matter that contains.When soil acidity is lower than ph5.5, damage by disease and insect easily occurs and reduce Pod Bearing Percentage.

Some place during up to 30cm, begins artificial setting support at climing property Pea Plants, namely uses the things such as bamboo branch, wooden stick, inserts in the ground, by the effect of climbing of tendril, makes its tendril upright, to improve output.But this support cultivation, institute changes into originally larger.In addition, at aspects such as the arrangement of plantation plant and seeding row spacings, the place that is worth improvement and discussion is arranged also.

Summary of the invention

The technical assignment of technical problem to be solved by this invention and proposition overcomes larger, the tedious defective of artificial setting support cultivation pea cost, and a kind of natural scaffold cultivation method of pea is provided.

For this reason, the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea of the present invention is characterized in that: in the cotton field after the results, cotton plants will not be pulled out, and the sowing pea is climbed on cotton plants after making the pea seedling.

As preferably: cotton plants is wide row more seedlings and distributes, and Pea Plants is bunch planting.Between the cotton strain, sow pea winter.Number every mu of about 2400～3500 caves in pea cave are 2 times of cotton cave number, further, 3～5 of every bunch planting kind pea seeds, every mu is stayed and supports about 8000～12000 plant pea seedlingss.To cotton plants major branch in the ranks, wipe out about 2/3 of its length; Keep cotton plant major branch between strain.

Patented method of the present invention with support cultivation method traditionally, has obvious difference:

1. the inventive method is to utilize cotton plants as the natural up-right support of pea; Customary support cultivation need to manually be built, and timbering material gathers by artificial;

2. the inventive method, pea and cotton are all carried out colony and plant, and wherein pea adopts the wide row more seedlings of group planting and cotton to combine, and is beneficial to performance edge advantage.And the traditional habit cultivation method then is that routine is planted---seeding row spacing is from equal or basic identical usually;

3. the inventive method, because what adopt is natural scaffold, artificial and Master Cost is few; The man-made support of custom, institute changes into originally higher.

Adopt the advantage of patented method of the present invention to be:

1. utilize cotton plants as the natural scaffold of pea, cost payout is less;

2. adopt colony's planting system of group planting and wide row more seedlings, the edge that can give full play to plant has superiority;

3. for colony's planting type of plant, after the pea tendril was added, the printing opacity aeration condition was better, and the Plant Leaf area coefficient can improve 1～2 times;

4. unit are pea harvest yield is than the volume increase of setting support not more than 1 times;

5. plant colony plants and utilizes the natural scaffold cultivation, is convenient to the artificial culture management, especially conveniently topdresses and the pod harvesting.

The natural scaffold cultivation method of pea, why cost lower, can increase production, its mechanism is:

Cotton harvesting is just caught up with the pea sowing time in autumn Mo season.Just because of this, cotton plants just can be used as the natural scaffold of pea.And cotton plants this moment withered fallen leaves are progressively no longer striven water with pea and are taken fertilizer by force.Simultaneously, Pea Plants is by the original state of crawling, be transformed into the support vertical growth after, leaf-area coefficient is multiplied, the printing opacity aeration condition is good again, so plant can fully be exercised the photosynthesis function.And leaf-area coefficient and plant products are proportionate, and saying nothing of photosynthesis is to have consisted of the basis of plant products.Say again, colony's cultivation of plant, especially clump shape and wide row more seedlings two kind of groups planting systems combine, and more can further bring into play the edge advantage of pea, and pea volume increase natural environment is played facilitation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: the natural scaffold cultivation schematic diagram of pea

The number in the figure explanation: the 1-cotton plants, 2-pea sowing cave, the 3-pea is climbed plant, the 4-arm brace.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with Figure of description.

The natural scaffold cultivation method of pea of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, it is in the cotton field after the results, and cotton plants will not be pulled out, and the sowing pea is climbed on cotton plants after making the pea seedling.

Concrete: cotton plants is wide row more seedlings and distributes, and Pea Plants is bunch planting.Between the cotton strain, sow pea winter.Number every mu of about 2400～3500 caves in pea cave are 2 times of cotton cave number, further, 3～5 of every bunch planting kind pea seeds, every mu is stayed and supports about 8000～12000 plant pea seedlingss.To cotton plants major branch in the ranks, wipe out about 2/3 of its length; Keep cotton plant major branch between strain.

The present invention is in the cotton field after the results, keeps cotton plants as natural scaffold; Then in cotton field, sow pea, its tendril is climbed uprightly, carry out the standing three-dimensional cultivation, improve utility rate of luminous energy.Simultaneously, the bunch planting of pea is combined, to give full play to the edge advantage with the wide row more seedlings of cotton.Both save the support cost, and can increase yield per unit area again.

To select in advance suitable cotton variety and seeding row spacing from, then in the cotton field after the results, hard pod pea seed is eaten in sowing raw.In cotton harvesting, it it just in time is the pea sowing time; Between the cotton strain or next door interplanting pea, at this moment, cotton plants has approached dead.That the bunch planting of pea is planted with the wide row more seedlings of cotton and combined.Be beneficial to give full play to the edge advantage of pea.Can save the man-made support cost, cut down expenses, and cotton can play the effect of up-right support fully.

Pea is the herbaceous species plant, belongs to climbing stem.Climb in the situation of thing in nothing, the pea tendril is sprawl growth; If climb thing, its stem rattan can rely on self tendril to climb up.The peastick cultivation, especially climing property kind can make stem rattan vertical growth, not only can improve leaf-area coefficient, improves photoenvironment, can also increase planting density.And utilize cotton as natural scaffold, and the colony's planting system that adopts clump shape and wide row more seedlings to combine, its effect is just more obvious.It is for example lower now to lift enforcement two.

Embodiment one: assorted cotton is natural scaffold No. 9 take Anhui.

1. assorted cotton is natural scaffold No. 9 to overview take Anhui, and be 123 days its breeding time of sowing in spring, plant height 109cm.0.5 mu of cultivated area.

2. plant with sowing cotton by the close plantation of wide row, line-spacing 100cm, spacing in the rows 45cm.The about 1500 strain/mus of density.No. 6 peas of middle pea behind cotton harvesting in by the end of November the sowing.Sowing 2 caves between the cotton strain, every mu of about 3000 caves.4～6 in every bunch planting seed.

3. after pruning added pea insemination and emergence, suitably prune the cotton major branch, namely cut off 2/3 of cotton major branch in the ranks, insert in gap between the cave, as a supplement support.Major branch is not pruned between strain.When pea was grown to 25cm approximately, the meeting nature was added, and its tendril climbs up along cotton plants.

4. cultivating and managing cotton cultivating and managing is with common cotton.No. 6 pea cultivating and managings of middle pea are also with common pea.But behind each harvesting fruit pod, must topdress once immediately.

5. result of implementation pea fruit pod is divided 6 harvestings.Receive altogether fresh fruit pod 401.5kg, amount to per mu yield 803kg, increase production more than 1 times than the cultivation of nothing support; No. 6 pea cultivations of pea are generally without support and cultivate in general.

Embodiment two: take the C111 cotton variety as natural scaffold.

1. overview is take cotton variety C111 as natural scaffold, and this kind plant height 113cm sows in spring the 123 days time of infertility.0.25 mu of cultivated area.

2. plant and sowing cotton is carried out wide row more seedlings and planted every mu of about 1800 strains of density, line-spacing 95cm, spacing in the rows 40cm.Climing property pea is the sowing in December behind cotton harvesting, sowing 2 caves between the cotton strain, every mu of about 3600 caves, 4～5 in every bunch planting kind seed.

3. before pruning the sowing of added pea, suitably prune the cotton major branch, namely cut off 2/3 of cotton major branch in the ranks, major branch is not pruned between strain.When pea was grown to 30cm approximately, naturally added, its tendril climbed up along cotton plants.

4. cultivating and managing is with embodiment one.

5. the result of implementation pea divides 5 harvestings, gathers in the crops altogether the bright pod 221kg of pea, amounts to per mu yield 884kg, and contrast 1(is without support) increase production more than 1 times; Contrast 2(man-made support) volume increase 11%.

Claims

1. the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea, it is characterized in that: in the cotton field after the results, cotton plants will not be pulled out, and the sowing pea is climbed on cotton plants after making the pea seedling.

2. the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea according to claim 1 is characterized in that: cotton plants is wide row more seedlings and distributes, and Pea Plants is bunch planting.

3. the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea according to claim 1 is characterized in that: sow pea winter between the cotton strain.

4. the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea according to claim 1 is characterized in that: number every mu of about 2400～3500 caves in pea cave are 2 times of cotton cave number.

5. the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea according to claim 4 is characterized in that: 3～5 of every bunch planting kind pea seeds, every mu is stayed and supports about 8000～12000 plant pea seedlingss.

6. the natural scaffold cultivation method of pea according to claim 1 is characterized in that: to cotton plants major branch in the ranks, wipe out about 2/3 of its length; Keep cotton plant major branch between strain.