CN103202150A - Pruning and shaping cultivation method of honeysuckle flowers - Google Patents
Pruning and shaping cultivation method of honeysuckle flowers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103202150A CN103202150A CN 201210007860 CN201210007860A CN103202150A CN 103202150 A CN103202150 A CN 103202150A CN 201210007860 CN201210007860 CN 201210007860 CN 201210007860 A CN201210007860 A CN 201210007860A CN 103202150 A CN103202150 A CN 103202150A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pruning and shaping cultivation method of honeysuckle flowers. The cultivation method is characterized in that in the first year after the planting, when the trunk height is 30 to 40cm, the top tip is cut off, lateral buds are promoted to be germinated into branches, after the germination in spring of the second year, 4 to 5 thick branches are selected and remained at the upper part of the trunk, young plants remain 4 to 5 bud sections, old plants do not exceed three bud sections to be used as main branches, 5 to 6 pairs of buds are remained in primary sub branches growing from the main branches, the upper parts are cut off, then, 6 to 7 pairs of buds are remained in secondary sub branches growing from the primary sub branches, the upper parts are cut off, then, hook-shaped tender tips are picked off in flower branches grown from the secondary sub branches, and young braches which are germinated in the secondary sub branches or the original old flower braches and have dense and short sections and fine leaves are all flower braches and are remained. The pruning and shaping cultivation method has the beneficial effects that through the shaping and pruning, the original winding growth is changed into the umbrella-shaped fruticose tree shape growth with the advantages of sparse branches, uniform distribution, ventilation and light transmission and thick and strong trunk, the germination of more new braches can be promoted, and more flower buds can be formed, so the goal of yield increase is reached.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, be specially a kind of honeysuckle pruning form culture method.
Background technology
Honeysuckle has another name called honeysuckle, FLOSLONICERAE etc., is the Caprifoliaceae woodbine, is perennial, and half is evergreen, voluble shrub.Stem is overgrow, elongated, multi-branched.Tender strain green, old branch kermesinus, single leaf is to life, and oval or length are avette.Spend paired armpit to give birth to, spend and just open white, flavescence look after 2～3 days, tubular flower has fragrance, the berry sphere, black has gloss when ripe, and 5～October of florescence, the honeysuckle was conventional Chinese medicine, was used as medicine with unopened bud and rattan leaf.Have clearing heat and detoxicatingly, the function of the wind detumescence of loosing cures mainly diseases such as anemopyretic cold, abscess of throat.Except medicinal, or the important source material of toothpaste, beverage, cosmetics and multiple Chinese patent drug.The important component chlorogenic acid content reaches 4%-6%, and general flavone 2.14%. high-quality product is for export, and supply falls short of demand always.Main product in Shandong, provinces such as Henan, Hunan, the quality of producing with the Fengqiu, Henan is the best.Honeysuckle happiness warm and moist, sun-drenched weather, adaptability is very strong, and is cold-resistant, drought-enduring, waterlogging, and Plain, mountain area all can be cultivated, and be not tight to the soil requirement, also can utilize the barren hillside plantation.Planting conditions: anti-subzero 30 ℃ of low temperature, so have another name called FLOSLONICERAE.Physiological activity is faint below 3 ℃, poor growth.Rudiment is branched out more than 5 ℃.Shoot growth is fast more than 16 ℃, and 20 ℃ of left and right sides buds grow soon.Adaptability is strong.Mountain area, Plain, sticking earth, sand, the inclined to one side alkali of little acid can both be grown.
But conventional honeysuckle kind method for planting, with natural tendril growth pattern, its floor space is big, and the present invention adopts pruning form culture honeysuckle method, make honeysuckle from original winding growth change into branch thinly scattered, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, the sturdy upright umbrella shape shrub shape of trunk be tree-like.Have the characteristic that newborn branch then can develop into spray, by above-mentioned trimming measure, can promote multiple shoot, multiform becomes bud, thereby reaches the purpose of volume increase.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to take conventional shaping and vertical rod to assist two kinds of methods of shaping, make honeysuckle from original winding growth change into branch thinly scattered, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, the sturdy upright umbrella shape shrub shape of trunk be tree-like.Have the characteristic that newborn branch then can develop into spray, by above-mentioned trimming measure, can promote multiple shoot, multiform becomes bud, thereby reaches the purpose of volume increase.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes conventional shaping and the auxiliary two kinds of technical schemes of shaping of vertical rod, and concrete steps are as follows:
One, conventional pruning is in after planting the 1st year, when trunk height during at 30～40 centimetres, cuts off the top tip, promotes sprouting of lateral bud to become branch.After the rudiment in spring in the 2nd year, 4～5 in the sturdy branch selected and remain on trunk top, shoot stays 4-5 bud joint, and old strain is no more than three buds and saves as major branch.From the one-level branch that major branch grows, keep 5～6 pairs of buds, cut off top.After again from the second branch that the one-level branch grows, keep 6～7 pairs of buds, cut off top.From the spray that second branch grows, pluck the tender tip that colludes shape shape again.Sprout in the second branch or on the original presbyopic branch joint that close and lack, sprout that leaf is thin all is sprays, should keep.
Two, the auxiliary shaping of vertical rod is to climb up by holding on in the vertical rod of high 1.3～1.6m stem is climing, behind the inserted link acrial part is all cut off, 1～3 the eugonic branch of only selecting and remain from the branch of root growth is wrapped in it in vertical rod, be allowed to condition at upwards growth on the auxiliary rod, to form upright center-pole.The trunk that maternal plant grows stays 1～2 joint, and 2 joints are above to be extractd, and the one-level branch that grows from trunk stays 2～3 joints, and 3 joints are above to be extractd, and the second branch that grows from the one-level branch stays 3～4 joints, and 4 joints are above to be extractd.After, generally no longer pinch from the spray that 2 grades of branches grow, allow the exploitation of its self-sow.The thin sprout of joint heavy foliage is that spray should keep.The water sprout that does not have flower, branch is thick, joint is long, leaf is big, just extracts, to reduce nutrient consumption.Make each plant form shrub by pinching, increase the nutrition space, impel bud in enormous quantities to form ahead of time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is by pruning, honeysuckle just from original winding growth change into branch thinly scattered, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, the sturdy upright umbrella shape shrub shape of trunk be tree-like.Because honeysuckle has the characteristic that newborn branch then can develop into spray, by above-mentioned trimming measure, can promote multiple shoot, multiform becomes bud, thereby reaches the purpose of volume increase.
Embodiment
Example 1, do in conjunction with honeysuckle planting base, Gansu and to specify.
(1), choosing it is strong to put in order ground honeysuckle adaptability, but big to the sunlight demand, should select, relative fertile soil on the sunny side.Choose after, use sufficient base manure, scarifying is ploughed and carefully to be got final product.
(2), field management
(1) behind the intertill and clean tillage transplant survival, want intertill and clean tillage 3～4 every year, and after 3 years, the rattan grow prolifically is decided by the weeds situation, reduces the weeding number of times.
(2) topdress and will topdress in conjunction with weeding in annual spring, autumn, farmyard manure, chemical fertilizer all can, every mu imposes 10～20 kilograms in urea, the guarantor's root of will earthing up under plant.
(3) it is many before the winter or carry out early spring to repair the skill shaping.Cut off weak sick branch, to inspire shoot, simultaneously in conjunction with beta pruning, carry out honeysuckle and grow seedlings.
Shaping can divide conventional shaping and vertical rod to assist two kinds of shapings:
Conventional pruning is carried out after transplanting back next year rudiment usually, prunes and cultivates into the upright undershrub of umbrella shape.The method of concrete pruning: mainly be to cultivate upright sturdy trunk in the 1-2 after planting.When trunk height during at 30～40 centimetres, cut off the top tip, promote sprouting of lateral bud to become branch.After the rudiment in spring in the 2nd year, 4～5 in the sturdy branch selected and remain on trunk top, shoot stays 4-5 bud joint, and old strain is no more than three buds joints as major branch, divides two-layer life.In the winter time, from the one-level branch that major branch grows, keep 5～6 pairs of buds, cut off top.After, from the second branch that the one-level branch grows, keep 6～7 pairs of buds again, cut off top.From the spray that second branch grows, pluck the tender tip that colludes shape shape again.As do not have this tender tip, then do not extract.Generally spring has set in back in second branch or original presbyopic branch sprout the joint that close and lack, sprout that leaf is thin all is sprays, should keep.
The auxiliary shaping of vertical rod is to climb up by holding on in the vertical rod of high 1.3～1.6m stem is climing, behind the inserted link acrial part is all cut off, 1～3 the eugonic branch of only selecting and remain from the branch of root growth is wrapped in it in vertical rod, be allowed to condition at upwards growth on the auxiliary rod, to form upright center-pole.The annual winter, prune in two seasons of summer.The principle of " prosperous branch light pruning; weak branch heavy pruning, deadwood is cut entirely, lopwood is all cut " is mainly grasped in winter pruning, thorax branch, overstocked branch in cutting off, intersect branch, sick branch, descending branch, water sprout, thin and delicate, along the soil branch of overgrowing, keep healthy and strong branch, will all carry out cutting back to the branch under remaining, do to form a plurality of sturdy masters, prune year by year and form round end shape plant type or umbellate form shrub shape, and impel the ventilation and penetrating light performance good, and increase output, be convenient to defloration again.After winter cuts, in spring during sprout growth, nutrition that can the focus utilization storage, newborn branches and leaves become organic centre very soon, form a large amount of axillary flowers, and output increases substantially.Summer cuts and wants light, to wipe out closing branch, thin and delicate branch, suitably carry out the moderate cutting back to the energetic branch of minority, and the excessive growth of control honeysuckle in order to avoid form the thin and delicate shape branch that colludes, to improve illumination condition, delays leaf senile, improves photosynthetic usefulness, and accumulation has additional nutrients.Annual summer, after spending, product repeatedly plucks the tip, pluck the tip of blooming, impel to form the new colored tip, and cut off the branch that sends near root, and the excessive growth branch, reduce nutrient consumption.
The season of growth prunes, and based on " pinching ", can impel multiple shoot, spends more many purposes to reach branch.Concrete operations: the trunk that grows from maternal plant stays 1～2 joint, and 2 joints are above to be extractd with hand, and the one-level branch that grows from trunk stays 2～3 joints, and 3 joints are above to be extractd, and the second branch that grows from the one-level branch stays 3～4 joints, and 4 joints are above to be extractd.After, generally no longer pinch from the spray that 2 grades of branches grow, allow the exploitation of its self-sow.The thin sprout of general joint heavy foliage is that spray should keep.The water sprout that does not have flower, branch is thick, joint is long, leaf is big, just extracts, to reduce nutrient consumption.Make each plant form shrub by pinching, increase the nutrition space, impel bud in enormous quantities to form ahead of time.
By pruning, honeysuckle just from original winding growth change into branch thinly scattered, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, the sturdy upright umbrella shape shrub shape of trunk be tree-like.Because honeysuckle has the characteristic that newborn branch then can develop into spray, by above-mentioned trimming measure, can promote multiple shoot, multiform becomes bud, thereby reaches the purpose of volume increase.The annual winter cuts after the Frost's Descent and carries out before freeze-up, also should wipe out withered old branch, sick branch, thin and delicate branch, intersect and upset tree-like long shoot etc.Nutrient is concentrated on take out living shoot and form bud.After picking flowers, carry out summer pruning equally.After each the pruning, all should topdress 1 time
(4), the main disease of extermination of disease and insect pest honeysuckle is powdery mildew, leaf spot, main insect pest is that coffee borer, aphid, sawfly, honeysuckle chi are hard etc.
(5), gather processing and the storage
(1) gathers
The big hair flower in the improved seeds of honeysuckle such as Fengqiu, shank flower etc., spring, the person of planting can tie flower then, and autumn and winter, the person of planting tied flower next year, so honeysuckle is once planting, will consider that bud is gathered and processing problems, the container of the bud that is ready to gather and build bud processing barn.
Honeysuckle Dan Huacong sprouts flower bud needs 13-20 days approximately to open, and spring is long, and summer and autumn, temperature was higher, and flower bud development is very fast, and development time is short.When bud long to should have length 1/2 the time grow quickening, the bud color begins by blue-stain white, gathers as untimely, will open.
(2). gather opportunity
Honeysuckle can be divided into following period from buddingging to opening, withering: meter flower bud phase, young flower bud phase, blue or green flower bud phase, white flower bud early stage (going up Bai Xiaqing), white flower bud phase (white entirely up and down), honeysuckle flower phase (just open), golden flower phase (open 1,2 day preceding to withering), wilting phase.The dry matter of gathering in the past of blue or green flower bud phase is few, and medical value is low, output, quality all effected; Honeysuckle flower is gathered after the phase, the dry matter content height, and medicinal ingredient descends, though output is high but of poor quality.White flower bud early stage and white flower bud phase gather, and dry matter is more, and medicinal ingredient, output, quality are all high, but the white flower bud phase gather and miss the opportunity of gathering easily, therefore, optimal harvest time is white flower bud early stage, i.e. alleged two white pin phases of the masses.
(3). collecting method
The honeysuckle Best Times of gathering is: early morning and the morning, the bud of gathering this moment is difficult for open, and the nutrient foot, smell is dense, color good.Gather afternoon and should finish before the sun sets, because the opening of honeysuckle is restricted by illumination, the sun falls behind ripe bud will be opened, and influence quality.Will only adopt ripe bud when gathering and approach ripe bud, not be with young flower bud, not be with leaf, put into the basket of bar volume or bamboo weaving after adopting, can not pile raft when concentrating, should spread placement out, standing time can not be oversize, and is the longest not above 4 hours.
(6). points for attention
No matter be to shine flower or decoration firing, before the bud drying, all can not touch or stir with hand, otherwise the bud blackening reduce quality that influence is sold.
A kind of honeysuckle of the present invention is repaiied skill form culture method by pruning, honeysuckle just from original winding growth change into branch thinly scattered, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, the sturdy upright umbrella shape shrub shape of trunk be tree-like.Because honeysuckle has the characteristic that newborn branch then can develop into spray, by above-mentioned trimming measure, can promote multiple shoot, multiform becomes bud, thereby reaches the purpose of volume increase.Every mu of volume increase 23.6% by experiment, economic benefit increases by 523.40 yuan.
Claims (3)
1. honeysuckle pruning form culture method, it is characterized in that: conventional pruning is in after planting the 1st year, when trunk height during at 30～40 centimetres, cut off the top tip, promote sprouting of lateral bud to become branch, after the rudiment in spring in the 2nd year, select and remain on trunk top 4～5 in sturdy branch, shoot stays 4-5 bud joint, and old strain is no more than three bud joints as major branch, keeps 5～6 pairs of buds from the one-level branch that major branch grows, cut off top, after again from the second branch that the one-level branch grows, keep 6～7 pairs of buds, cut off top, again from the spray that second branch grows, pluck the tender tip that colludes shape shape, it is close and lack to sprout the joint that in the second branch or on the original presbyopic branch, the sprout that leaf is thin all is sprays, should keep.
2. a kind of honeysuckle pruning form culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the auxiliary shaping of vertical rod is to climb up by holding on in the vertical rod of high 1.3～1.6m stem is climing, behind the inserted link acrial part is all cut off, only from the branch of root growth, select and remain 1～3 eugonic, it is wrapped in the vertical rod, be allowed to condition at upwards growth on the auxiliary rod, to form upright center-pole, the trunk that maternal plant grows stays 1～2 joint, 2 joints are above to be extractd, the one-level branch that grows from trunk stays 2～3 joints, and 3 joints are above to be extractd, and the second branch that grows from the one-level branch stays 3～4 joints, 4 joints are above to be extractd, after, generally no longer pinch from the spray that 2 grades of branches grow, allow the exploitation of its self-sow; The thin sprout of joint heavy foliage is that spray should keep; The water sprout that does not have flower, branch is thick, joint is long, the big excision of leaf, to reduce nutrient consumption.
3. a kind of honeysuckle pruning form culture method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that plant forms shrub, increases the nutrition space, impels bud in enormous quantities to form ahead of time.
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| CN103493666A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for cultivating potted honeysuckles |
| CN103988699A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 杭州中泽生物科技有限公司 | Radix tetrastigme facility and cultivation method |
| CN104054476A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-09-24 | 张家港市现代农业投资有限公司 | Fertile culture method of honeysuckle |
| CN104335792A (en) * | 2013-07-28 | 2015-02-11 | 赵百华 | Potted planting method for honeysuckle with medicinal and ornamental functions |
| CN104380939A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-03-04 | 南江县百草中药材有限公司 | Honeysuckle flower planting method |
| CN104855156A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-26 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Tree shape cultivating method for Yunnan azaleas |
| CN105794453A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 宜都市恒顺金银花专业合作社 | Honeysuckle shaping trimming method |
| CN106105716A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县岱山金银花种植专业合作社 | Cover a number Flos Lonicerae yield-increasing planting method of gold |
| CN107771490A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-09 | 黄名玉 | The implantation methods of honeysuckle |
| CN113179846A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-07-30 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | High-yield promoting pruning method for smilax scobinicaulis |
| CN116171782A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-05-30 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Method for renewing senescent flowers of lonicera japonica |
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2012
- 2012-01-11 CN CN 201210007860 patent/CN103202150A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104335792A (en) * | 2013-07-28 | 2015-02-11 | 赵百华 | Potted planting method for honeysuckle with medicinal and ornamental functions |
| CN103493666A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for cultivating potted honeysuckles |
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| CN106105716A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县岱山金银花种植专业合作社 | Cover a number Flos Lonicerae yield-increasing planting method of gold |
| CN107771490A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-09 | 黄名玉 | The implantation methods of honeysuckle |
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