CN102860208B - Diversity culture method of young economical fruit interplanting amorphophallus xiei H.Li - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus konjac diversity in young economical forest fruits, including the steps of soil preparation, taro planting treatment, sowing, field management, comprehensive prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, and harvesting, specifically including selecting young economical forest fruits, interrowing Carry out deep plowing and fine harrowing, select diced taro for sowing, adhere to the principle of "basic manure and farmyard manure as the main, topdressing and chemical fertilizer as supplementary" for field management, and mature harvest. The present invention starts from the growth and development characteristics of konjac and economic forest fruit, and according to the differences in light, nutrition and water requirements, formulates a set of diversified cultivation techniques for economic forest fruit interplanting Xiejun konjac. Through a series of technical measures, the yield of konjac is increased, the growth of economic forest fruits is promoted, and the income of farmers is increased. The invention has the advantages of increasing konjac output and simultaneously promoting the growth of economic forest fruits, improving economic benefits and reducing management costs.

Description

A method for interplanting Amorphophallus konjac variety in young economic trees

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, further belongs to the technical field of diverse cultivation methods of economic crops, and in particular relates to a diverse cultivation method of young economic forest fruit interplanting Amorphophallus konjac.

Background technique

Konjac ( Amorphallus ) is a perennial herbaceous perennial root bulb belonging to the genus Amorphophallus Bl. ex Decne of the family Araceae. It is the only plant known to humans to contain a large amount of glucomannan. As the main component of konjac, glucomannan has physical and chemical properties such as water solubility, thickening, gelling, film formation, bonding, stability, and suspension. It is widely used in food, medicine, chemical industry, petroleum, textile and other fields. Medicines and health care products processed from konjac can be used to prevent and treat diabetes, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disease, and constipation. Konjac fine powder has a large expansion rate and strong adhesion, and can be used to make a variety of adhesives, emulsifiers, preservatives, moisture-retaining agents, insecticides, paper enhancers, hemostatic sponges, etc. Konjac has special uses in the field of environmental protection. Fully biodegradable agricultural films, food preservation films, and interior and exterior wall coatings produced with konjac as raw materials are of great significance to reducing environmental pollution. Konjac originated from the bottom vegetation of tropical and subtropical rain forests. It likes warmth, avoids high temperature, likes scattered light and weak light, and avoids direct sunlight. It is a semi-yin plant. Due to the slow effect of economic forest fruit and long cost recovery period, weeds grow rapidly before the rich production in 2 to 6 years, the management cost is high, the land utilization rate is low, and the economic benefit is poor. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a simple and efficient cultivation method with high resource utilization rate, low production cost and high economic benefit.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus multivariate cultivation method of young economic forest fruit.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way, including the steps of soil preparation, planting taro treatment, sowing, field management, integrated prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, and harvesting, specifically comprising:

A. Soil preparation: choose 2-6 years old economic forest orchard, the distance between trees and fruits is 4-6m, the row distance is 5-7m, the transportation is convenient, the soil layer is deep, loose, high in organic matter content, and the soil pH value is between 6.5-7; The economic orchards that have not yet bear fruit should prepare the land before the spring of the next year, and the orchards that are put into production should be cleaned up quickly after the fruit is harvested, the soil will be disinfected, and the rows of trees and fruits will be deeply plowed and finely raked;

B. Treatment of planting taro: choose bulbs with small seed age, no pest damage, and smooth surface as planting taro. Planting taro above the third age should destroy the main buds and then cut into pieces for planting. The most effective principle is the most effective principle. Cutting materials should not be piled up. When drying, the incision should face upward. The knife used for cutting seeds should have a thin blade and a sharp edge. When the seeds are rotten, the knives must be sterilized before they can be used again to avoid cross-infection of germs. The corms used for cutting should not be less than 300g, and the size of the cutting should be 100~200g; in order to ensure the emergence rate, each cutting must be With more than 2 cluster buds;

C. Sowing: The cut pieces should be dried in the sun for 2~3 days, so that the wound surface loses water and shrinks, and the incision can be sown after the incision is healed; at the end of April, before the rainy season, konjac is sown, and planting is carried out in wide and narrow rows according to the direction of the economic forest and fruit row, with a large row spacing of 60 ~80㎝, small row spacing 30-40㎝, plant spacing 20-40㎝, planting 2000-3000 plants per acre, according to the size of the seed taro, implement graded and sliced planting, and cover the konjac with corn stalks or sugarcane leaves after sowing to control weeds growth, avoiding soil compaction;

D. Field management: Adhere to the principle of "basic fertilizer and farmyard manure, supplemented by topdressing and chemical fertilizer"; before planting, apply 1800~2200kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 40~60kg of ternary compound fertilizer per acre. In mid-June, combined with intertillage Use 15~25kg of potash fertilizer and 15~25kg of compound fertilizer for topdressing per acre;

E. Integrated prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds: from July to August, drainage should be done in time. The main diseases of Xiejun konjac are silkworm, soft rot, leaf blight, etc. Long-term water accumulation in the plot, mechanical damage of planting taro, and immature application of fertilizers Excessive farmyard manure, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, continuous cropping, and scorching sun will all cause diseases, and the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control" should be adopted; insect pests mainly include cutworms, grubs, and Spodoptera litura, etc. Use larval insecticides to kill larvae, and use black light or sweet and sour solution to trap and kill adults; Xiejun Amorphophallus has the characteristics of "slow emergence and fast growth". It takes 30 to 50 days from sowing to full seedlings. During this time, weeds grow Faster, which is also a critical period for weed control. After konjac is sown, herbicides are used to kill weeds once, and after sporadic emergence, herbicides are used to kill weeds 1~2 times, and manual weeding is required in the middle and late stages;

F. Harvesting: There will be multiple leaf bulbs on the top of Xiejun konjac leaves, generally 4 to 10, and as many as 30 to 35. Most of the leaf bulbs are between 8 and 25 grams, and the heaviest is 110 grams. Most surface bulbs are round and oval, and a few are irregular. Due to solar radiation, the corm epidermis is slightly rough, and the seed coat is thicker than underground tubers, which is convenient for storage and transportation; The surface bulbs will fall off naturally. Therefore, the best harvesting period is 1-2 weeks before the seedlings of the mother plant are turned down. Since Xiejun Amorphophallus will produce 1-2 leaves in one growth cycle, the leaves that grow first will age first. Therefore, when harvesting leaf corms, the principle of "harvest in batches and concentrate treatment" should be adhered to, and the corms on the leaves of Huanghua should be harvested in time to avoid difficult collection after falling off; in mid-November, the leaves After the seedlings are completely yellowed, choose fine weather to dig the underground bulbs. Avoid mechanical damage when digging. After harvesting the remaining seed bulbs, turn them over in the sun for 1 or 2 times, and store them in a centralized manner after the water loss of 10%-20%. , The commodity taro is processed in time after it is harvested and dug.

The present invention starts from the growth and development characteristics of konjac and economic forests, and according to their differences in light, nutrition and water requirements, formulates a set of diverse cultivation techniques for interplanting Xiejun konjac in young economic forest gardens. Through technical measures such as reasonable land selection, timely sowing, planting yam treatment, reasonable close planting, water and fertilizer management, comprehensive pest control, timely harvesting, and safe storage of yams, etc., strengthen the management of young forest orchards, increase konjac production, and increase farmers' income. .

The invention is a double-benefit multi-benefit cultivation method capable of increasing the yield of konjac and at the same time promoting the growth of young economic forest fruits, improving economic benefits and reducing management costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the working flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited in any way, and any transformation or replacement made based on the teaching of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the present invention includes the steps of soil preparation, taro planting treatment, sowing, field management, integrated prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, and harvesting, specifically including:

The land preparation is to choose 2-6 years old economic forest orchard, the distance between trees and fruits is 4-6m, the row distance is 5-7m, the transportation is convenient, the soil layer is deep, loose, high in organic matter content, and the soil pH value is between 6.5-7; no fruit is set. Economic orchards should be prepared before the spring of the next year, and production orchards should be quickly cleaned after fruit harvesting, soil disinfection, and deep plowing and raking between rows of fruit;

The treatment of planting taro is to choose bulbs with small seed age, no damage from diseases and insect pests, and smooth surface as planting taro. Planting taro above the third age should destroy the main buds and then cut into pieces. As a principle, the cutting materials should not be piled up. When drying, the incision should face upward. The knife used for cutting seeds should have a thin blade and a sharp edge. When planting, the knives must be sterilized before they can be used again to avoid cross-infection of germs. The bulbs used for cutting should not be less than 300g, and the size of the cutting should be 100~200g; in order to ensure the emergence rate, each cutting must have More than 2 cluster buds;

For sowing, the cut pieces should be dried in the sun for 2~3 days, so that the wound surface loses water and shrinks, and the incision can be sown after the incision is healed; at the end of April, before the rainy season, konjac is sown, and planting is carried out in wide and narrow rows according to the direction of the economic forest and fruit row, with a large row spacing of 60~ 80㎝, small row spacing 30-40㎝, plant spacing 20-40㎝, plant 2000-3000 plants per acre, implement graded and sliced planting according to the size of the taro, and cover the konjac with corn stalks or sugarcane leaves after sowing to control the growth of weeds , to avoid soil compaction;

Field management is to adhere to the principle of "basic fertilizer and farmyard manure, supplemented by top dressing and chemical fertilizer". Topdressing with 15~25kg of potassium fertilizer and 15~25kg of compound fertilizer per mu;

The comprehensive prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds is in July to August. Drainage should be done in time. The main diseases of Xiejun konjac include silkworm, soft rot, leaf blight, etc. Long-term water accumulation in the plot, mechanical damage of planting taro, and unripe rot. Farmyard manure, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, continuous cropping, hot sun exposure and other reasons will cause diseases to occur, and the policy of "prevention first, comprehensive control" should be adopted; insect pests mainly include cutworms, grubs, and Spodoptera litura, etc. Larvae insecticides are used to kill larvae, and black light or sweet and sour solution is used to trap and kill adults; Xiejun Amorphophallus has the characteristics of "slow emergence and fast growth". It takes 30 to 50 days from sowing to full seedlings. Fast is also a critical period for weed control. After konjac is sown, use herbicides to kill weeds once, and use herbicides to kill weeds once or twice after sporadic emergence. Manual weeding is required in the middle and late stages;

Harvesting is that many leaf bulbs will be produced on the top of Xie Jun konjac leaves, generally 4-10, and as many as 30-35. Most of the leaf bulbs are between 8-25 grams, and the heaviest is 110 grams. Most of them are round and oval, and a few are irregular. Due to solar radiation, the epidermis of the bulbs is slightly rough, and the seed coat is thicker than that of underground tubers, which is convenient for storage and transportation; It will fall off naturally. Therefore, the best harvesting period is 1-2 weeks before the seedlings of the mother plant are turned down. Because Xiejun Amorphophallus will produce 1-2 leaves in one growth cycle, the leaves that grow first will age first. Surface bulbs also mature first, therefore, when harvesting leaf surface bulbs, the principle of "harvest in batches and concentrate treatment" should be adhered to, and the bulbs on the yellow flower leaves should be harvested in time to avoid difficult collection after falling off; in mid-November, the leaves are completely yellow After the seedlings are thawed, choose fine weather to dig the underground corms. When digging, avoid mechanical damage as much as possible. After harvesting and digging the reserved seed corms, they should be turned in the sun for 1 to 2 times in situ. After the water loss of 10% - 20%, they should be stored intensively. After the taro is harvested and dug, it is processed in time.

In the step of preparing the soil, the economic forest fruit is one of loquat, litchi and macadamia.

In the step of preparing the soil, the soil layer is loam and sandy loam.

In the soil preparation step, one of quicklime, formalin and Bordeaux mixture can be used for soil disinfection. The amount of quicklime is 50-100Kg per mu; 200 times of formalin is sprayed on the surface and covered with plastic film, and the film is removed for 8-12 days when it is stuffy for sowing; 100 times of Bordeaux mixture is sprayed on the surface, and the soil can be sown after the soil is slightly dry.

One of potassium permanganate solution, 75% alcohol or chlorothalonil can be used for the knife disinfection treatment in the described taro seed treatment step.

In the field management step, the N:P:K ratio of the ternary compound fertilizer is 10~20:10~20:10~20.

In the step of integrated prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, the insecticide for larvae is one of ditrane, field tiger or carbamide·sultap; the dosage is 1-3 kg per mu.

In the step of comprehensive prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, the sweet and sour liquid is 1-2 parts by weight of sugar, 1-2 parts of wine, 3-5 parts of vinegar, and 11-21 parts of water. After mixing thoroughly, add 0.1-0.2 parts of trichlorfon production.

In the step of integrated prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds, the adult insecticide is 1000-2000 times liquid of emamectin insecticide, 1000-1500 times liquid of Shengguan or 300-500 times liquid of 25% carbaryl wettable powder A sort of.

The herbicide in the step of integrated prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds is one of xiorazine, paraquat and glyphosate.

The present invention starts from the growth and development characteristics of konjac and economic forests, and according to their differences in light, nutrition and water requirements, formulates a set of diverse cultivation techniques for interplanting konjac konjac in young economic forest orchards. Through technical measures such as reasonable land selection, timely sowing, planting taro treatment, reasonable close planting, water and fertilizer planning, integrated pest control, timely harvesting, and safe storage of planting taro, we can strengthen the management of young forest orchards, increase the yield of konjac, and increase farmers' income.

The loquat tree ( Eriobotrya japonica ) is a perennial tropical small tree with a tap root system. It is native to tropical jungles and likes a warm and high-light environment. The interplanting of loquat konjac is conducive to creating a good field microclimate environment, reducing the occurrence of konjac soft rot, prolonging the growth period of konjac, increasing the yield of konjac, and achieving double harvests of fruit and taro; The application rate can effectively control the growth of weeds and reduce the management cost of the orchard; interplanting konjac with loquat can increase the production income of young orchards, and achieve the purpose of combining long and short and growing long with short.

The invention is a double-benefit diverse cultivation method capable of increasing the yield of konjac and at the same time promoting the growth of economic forest fruits, improving economic benefits and reducing management costs.

In the present invention, economic forest fruit is not limited by species, and the present invention can be realized, and the present invention will be further described below with the loquat in economic forest:

Example 1:

In 2010, the Mada villager group in Hudao Village, Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture carried out a demonstration planting of 91 mu of young loquat interplanting Xiejun konjac, with a net planting of 0.5 mu and 37 households. 5 meters and a row spacing of 6 meters. The soil is red loam, and the soil is disinfected with quicklime, and the taro is dried for 3 days before sowing. Apply 2000kg of farmyard manure per mu, and 40kg of ternary compound fertilizer with a N:P:K ratio of 15:15:15 as the base fertilizer. About 100g of diced taro is used for germination treatment before sowing. The large row spacing is 70cm, the small row spacing is 30cm, the plant spacing is 30cm, and about 3000 plants are planted per mu. The sowing time of konjac is April 25~30. After sowing, cover the soil with 10~15cm. About 50% of the konjac seedlings should be topdressed at the seedling stage, and 20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 20 kg of potassium fertilizer should be applied per mu. Harvest the foliage bulbs in time after they are mature, and regularly observe and count growth parameters such as seedling emergence time, seedling fall time, disease incidence, and double seedling rate (see Table 1 and Table 2). On November 8th, the harvest was excavated and the yield was measured. The largest corm weighed 2.8kg, the highest yield per mu was 2063.4kg, and the average yield per mu was 1278.2kg. A total of 116.3 tons of commercial taro were harvested, with an output value of 244,200 yuan. Among them, Zhao Mashan in Mada Village interplanted 2.2 mu in the 4-year-old loquat garden, with an average yield of 1723.8 kg per mu, and a total of 3792.5 kg of commercial taro harvested, with an output value of 7964.3 yuan. Through the interplanting of young loquats with Amorphophallus konjac, the comprehensive economic benefits of loquat gardens have been effectively improved, the biodiversity of orchards has been increased, and the occurrence of weeds, diseases and insect pests has been effectively controlled, which has good ecological benefits.

Table 1 Growth period performance of interplanting Xie Jun konjac in Zhao Mashan 4-year-old loquat garden of Mada villagers group

Table 2 Productivity performance of interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus konjac in Zhao Mashan 3-year-old loquat garden of Mada villagers group

Example 2:

In 2010, 41 acres of young loquat interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus were demonstrated in Team No. 7 of Hudao, Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture. 22 households planted them.

Table 3 The growth period performance of interplanting Xie Jun konjac in Wang Mingxin's 5th-year-old loquat garden of No.7 Hudao team

Table 4 Productivity performance of interplanting Xie Jun konjac in Wang Mingxin's 5th-year-old loquat garden of No. 7 Hudao team

Example 3:

In 2010, the Kalian villager group in Hudao Village, Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture carried out a demonstration planting of 78 mu of young loquat interplanting Xiejun konjac, and 29 households planted it. rice.

Table 5 The growth period performance of interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus konjac in the 4th-year-old loquat garden of Kalian villager group

Table 6 The productivity performance of interplanting Xie Jun konjac in the 4th-year-old loquat garden of Yangmaguo in the Kalian villager group

Example 4

In 2009, 2 mu of young loquats were interplanted with Xiejun Amorphophallus at the test site of Dehong Prefecture Economic Station. The soil is loam, and the soil is disinfected with quicklime, and the taro is dried for 4 days before sowing. Apply 1800kg of farmyard manure per mu, and 70kg of ternary compound fertilizer with a ratio of N:P:K of 10:20:10 as the base fertilizer. About 180g of diced taro is used for germination treatment before sowing. The large row spacing is 60cm, the small row spacing is 20cm, and the plant spacing is 20cm. About 2500 plants are planted per mu. The sowing time of konjac is April 25~30. After sowing, cover the soil with 10~15cm. About 60% of the emergence of konjac seedlings is topdressed at the seedling stage, and 30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 20 kg of potassium fertilizer are applied per mu. Harvest the foliage bulbs in time after they are mature, and regularly observe and count growth parameters such as seedling emergence time, seedling fall time, disease incidence, and double seedling rate (see Table 7 and Table 8). On November 8th, the harvest was excavated and the yield was measured. The largest corm weighed 4.5kg, the highest yield per mu was 3915 kg, and the average yield per mu was 2728 kg. A total of 5.5 tons of commercial taro were harvested, with an output value of 16,000 yuan. Through the interplanting of young loquats with Amorphophallus konjac, the comprehensive economic benefits of loquat gardens have been effectively improved, the biological diversity of orchards has been increased, and the occurrence of weeds, diseases and insect pests has been effectively controlled, which has good ecological benefits.

Table 7 The growth period performance of interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus konjac in the experiment site of Dehong Prefecture Jingzuo Station

Table 8 Productivity performance of interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus konjac in the experimental land age of Dehong Prefecture Economic Works Station

Example 5

In 2010, 5 mu of young loquats were interplanted with Xiejun Amorphophallus in the experimental site of Dehong Prefecture Economic Station. The soil is sandy loam, and the soil is disinfected with quicklime, and the taro is dried for 3 days before sowing. Apply 2200kg of farmyard manure per mu, and 50kg of ternary compound fertilizer with a N:P:K ratio of 20:10:20 as the base fertilizer. About 200g of diced taro is used, and germination treatment is carried out before sowing. The large row spacing is 80cm, the small row spacing is 40cm, and the plant spacing is 40cm. About 2000 plants are planted per mu. The konjac sowing time is April 25-30. After sowing, cover the soil with 10-15cm. After covering the soil, use rust-removing fluid and paraquat to kill weeds in time, and cover with corn stalks the next day. About 50% of the konjac seedlings emerged to be topdressed at the seedling stage, and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 28 kg of potassium fertilizer were applied per mu. Harvest the foliage bulbs in time after they mature, and regularly observe and count growth parameters such as seedling emergence time, seedling fall time, disease incidence, and double seedling rate (see Table 9 and Table 10). On November 8th, the harvest was excavated and the yield was measured. The largest bulb weight was 5.3 kg, the highest yield per mu was 3018 kg, and the average yield per mu was 2376.3 kg. A total of 1.19 tons of commercial taro were harvested, with an output value of 35,000 yuan. Through the interplanting of young loquats with Amorphophallus konjac, the comprehensive economic benefits of loquat gardens have been effectively improved, the biodiversity of orchards has been increased, and the occurrence of weeds, diseases and insect pests has been effectively controlled, which has good ecological benefits.

Table 9 The growth period performance of interplanting Xiejun konjac in the experimental land age loquat garden of Dehong prefecture economic station

Table 10 Productivity performance of interplanting Xiejun Amorphophallus konjac in the experimental land of Dehong Prefecture Economic Works Station

Claims (8)

1. a young economic fruit interplanting thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that comprising whole ground, plants taro processing, sowing, field management, disease pest and weed integrated control, the step of gathering, and specifically comprises:

A, whole ground: select 2 ~ 6 economic forest in age orchards, woods fruit spacing in the rows is 4 ~ 6m, and line-spacing is 5 ~ 7m, has a good transport service, and soil layer is deep, and quality is loose, and the content of organic matter is high, and P in soil H value is between 6.5 ~ 7; The whole ground before the beginning of spring in next year, economic orchard of not bearing fruit, operation orchard cleaning orchard rapidly after fruit harvesting finishes, carry out soil disinfection, and the woods fruit is ploughed deeply thin rake in the ranks;

B, planting taro processes: select kind of age little, anosis worm harm, ganoid bulb is as kind of a taro, after three ages, above kind taro should be destroyed main bud, stripping and slicing is planted, minimum with the surface of a wound while planting the taro stripping and slicing, the protection of bud clump is the most effectively principle, the stripping and slicing material should not be stacked, require otch up during airing, the cutter of cutting kind of use requires blade thin, the edge of a knife is sharp, cutter is resolute at present to cut kind, tangent plane is smooth, the damage of minimizing to bulb, when stripping and slicing runs into rotten kind, cutter will could continue to use through disinfecting, avoid the germ cross-infection, bulb as stripping and slicing should be less than 300g, the stripping and slicing size is advisable with 100 ~ 200g, for guaranteeing emergence rate, each stripping and slicing must be with clump bud more than 2,

C, sowing: stripping and slicing is airing 2 ~ 3d in the sun, allows surface of a wound dehydration shrink, and can sow after wound healing; By the end of April, sow konjaku before rainy season set, capable of according to economic fruit carrying out wide-narrow row planting, wide row space 60 ~ 80cm, little line-spacing 30 ~ 40cm, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 40cm, every mu of plantation 2500 ~ 3000 strains, according to kind of a taro size, carry out the plantation of classification burst, konjaku, after planting with cornstalk or sugarcane leaf mulch, is controlled weed growth, avoids soil compaction;

D, field management: the principle of adhering to " base manure, farmyard manure are main, topdress, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary "; Execute well-rotted farmyard manure 1800 ~ 2200kg for every mu before plantation, execute Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 40 ~ 60kg, mid-June, in conjunction with every mu of cultivation and banking, with potash fertilizer 15 ~ 25kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 15 ~ 25kg, impose; Described Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium N:P:K content is 15:15:15;

E, disease pest and weed integrated control: 7 ~ August, want timely draining, thank to monarch's konjaku Major Diseases southern blight, soft rot, leaf blight etc. are arranged, the long-term ponding in plot, plant the taro mechanical damage, execute the farmyard manure that do not become thoroughly decomposed, nitrogenous fertilizer too much, the reasons such as continuous cropping, burning sun irradiation all can cause disease to occur, should take the policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control "; Insect pest mainly contains cutworm, grub, prodenia litura etc., uses larva insecticide poisoning larva when sowing and large ridging, adopts black light lamp or sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult; Thank to monarch's konjaku and have the characteristics of " emerge slowly, grow and be fast ", need 30 ~ 50 days from sowing here seedling, weed growth is very fast during this period of time, it is also the critical period of crop smothering prevention and control, konjaku is after planting in time closed down weeds 1 time with weed killer herbicide, sporadicly emerge and with weed killer herbicide, close down weeds 1 ~ 2 time afterwards, the middle and later periods need be carried out artificial weeding;

F, gather: thank to monarch's konjaku blade tip and can produce a plurality of blade faces bulb, general 4 ~ 10, many reaches 30 ~ 35, and blade face bulb majority is between 8 ~ 25 grams, and 110 grams weigh most, blade face bulb majority is rounded, oval, minority is irregular shape, and due to solar radiation, the bulb epidermis shows slightly coarse, plant skin thicker than underground stem tuber, be convenient to storing; Thanking to the yellow of monarch's konjaku maternal plant falls after seedling, the blade face bulb can come off by nature, and therefore, maternal plant falls the optimal harvest time that front 1 ~ 2 week of seedling is the blade face bulb, can produce 1 ~ 2 blade owing to thanking to growth cycle of monarch's konjaku, the blade that first grows is first aging, and the blade face bulb is also first ripe, therefore, should adhere to the principle of " in batches gathering; focus on " while gathering the blade face bulb, the bulb on the chrysanthemum blade of in time gathering, rear difficult collection of avoiding coming off; Mid-November, the complete yellow of blade is fallen after seedling, selects fine weather to receive and digs underground bulb, receives and should avoid mechanical damage while digging as far as possible, and the bulb of reserving seed for planting answers original place to ted 1 ~ 2 time after receiving and digging, and until the rear concentrated storage of loss of water 10%-20%, the commodity taro is received and digs rear timely processing;

Described economic fruit is loquat.

2. young economic fruit interplanting according to claim 1 thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being that in described A step, soil layer is loam and sandy loam.

3. young economic fruit according to claim 1 interplanting thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being that soil disinfection in described A step can use a kind of in quicklime, formalin, bordeaux mixture; The quicklime consumption is every mu of 50 ~ 100Kg; 200 times of formalin spray covering with plastic film behind earth's surface, take off film and sow in vexed 8 ~ 12 days; 100 times of bordeaux mixture spray earth's surface, can sow after soil is slightly dried.

4. young economic fruit according to claim 1 interplanting thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being that cutter in described B step disinfects a kind of in can disappearing with liquor potassic permanganate, 75% alcohol or hundred bacterium.

5. young economic fruit according to claim 1 interplanting thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being a kind of in Trane, ground, battlefield tiger or first dimension desinsection list of larva insecticide in described E step; Consumption is every mu of 1 ~ 3kg.

6. young economic fruit interplanting according to claim 1 thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being that in described E step, sugar-vinegar liquid is 1 ~ 2 part of weight portion sugar, 1 ~ 2 part of wine, 3 ~ 5 parts of vinegar, 11 ~ 21 parts, water, add 0.1 ~ 0.2 part of chlorophos and make after mixing well.

7. young economic fruit according to claim 1 interplanting thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being that adult insecticide in described E step is a kind of in 1000 ~ 2000 times of liquid of first dimension desinsection list, 1000 ~ 1500 times of liquid of victory hat or 300 ~ 500 times of liquid of 25% sevin wetting powder.

8. young economic fruit according to claim 1 interplanting thanks to monarch's konjaku diversity cultivation method, it is characterized in that being that weed killer herbicide in described E step goes a kind of in Tianjin, paraquat, glyphosate for elegant.

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