CN102523861B - Method for interplanting roselle and jatropha - Google Patents
Method for interplanting roselle and jatropha Download PDFInfo
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- CN102523861B CN102523861B CN2011103635756A CN201110363575A CN102523861B CN 102523861 B CN102523861 B CN 102523861B CN 2011103635756 A CN2011103635756 A CN 2011103635756A CN 201110363575 A CN201110363575 A CN 201110363575A CN 102523861 B CN102523861 B CN 102523861B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting roselle and jatropha, which belongs to the technical field of planting of forestry and agricultural crops and includes seedling raising, interplanting land preparation, interplanting, management, seed harvesting and calyx harvesting. An interplanting land is a flat strip land 50cm in width, center-to-center spacing 300cm of strips serves as row spacing, a jatropha planting pond is dug according to a plant spacing 200cm, and two roselle planting holes are dug between each two jatropha plants according to the plant spacing 50cm; compound fertilizer is applied around each jatropha seedling and 5-15cm away from the jatropha seedling during planting; base fertilizer is composed of calcium superphosphate fertilizer in a proportion of 1:2-5, roselle seeds are directly sowed in the holes 5X5X5cm, and two to three seeds are sowed in each hole; and additional fertilizer is applied 90 days after planting of jatropha, additional fertilizer is applied when roselle grows for about 45 days, and the additional fertilizer is equal to the base fertilizer in terms of ingredients and content. The method can be used for developing biodiesel, and by the method, 45-50kg of dry calyx of roselle can be harvested per mu averagely, and economic income is increased by 1800-2000 yuan.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to self-employed tree cultivator's crop-planting technical field, be specifically related to the method for planting between a kind of roselle and manioca.
Background technology
Manioca (
Jatropha curcas) be a kind of perennial, multipurpose seeds of drought-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, be distributed widely in the torrid zone or subtropical zone, main product is in America and the torrid zone, Africa.China mainly is distributed in the ground such as Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and maximum with Yunnan, take second place in Sichuan.The plantation manioca is except increasing vegetation, beyond improving the ecological environment.Its seed, myron all have at aspects such as medicine, chemical industry, protein feeds more widely to be used.Especially the crude fat mixture that squeezing obtains from seed can obtain desirable feature of environmental protection mechanical fuel through further chemical industry conversion, is called biodiesel.
Roselle (
Hibiscus sabdariffa) be Malvaceae Hibiscus annual herb plant or perennial shrub, grow in the Perenniporia martius arid area, originate in Africa.That calyx (fresh goods or dry product) has is hypotensive, Vitamin C is sick and the drug effect of diuresis, and bronchitis and cough are had mitigation.The beverage of generally being used as among the people in Africa, the Arabic is called " the Sudan's tea ", the natural colouring matter of also being used as food and the flavoring that have with the tea of calyx bubble.The European is very early from African import calyx dry product, as fruit jelly, seasoning cold drink etc.Leaf is except having the calyciod drug effect of class, and at the washing material of medical surgery as running sore, its leaf juice can also be controlled breach on the pin, and the epidermis of stem is one of primary raw material of African's rope making.The products such as roselle sugar, refrigerant carbonated drink, fruit juice are rather well received.All there is distribution in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan in China, and south of Yunnan has cultivation.
At present, the ground such as Yunnan Province of China, Sichuan carries out large-area artificial planting and industrialization development to manioca.Because manioca is tall and big filling, tall seeds, sylvan life zone between the cultivation seeding row spacing often is growth of weeds, not only manage and protect for the field and bring too much weeding cost, the soil also is not fully utilized, productivity effect can not get efficient performance, for this reason, the inventor researchs and proposes the method for planting roselle between manioca according to two kinds of biological propertyes of equal plant not.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the construction of production base of manioca large tracts of land raw material provides a kind of raising land utilization rate, increase the method for the output value, thereby proposed the method for planting between a kind of roselle and manioca.
The method of planting between described a kind of roselle and manioca, by grow seedlings, kind ground preparation, a kind, manage and protect, seed and the calyx five steps of gathering forms, it is characterized in that:
1, grows seedlings
Manioca was grown seedlings in the 2-3 month in every year, opened the dark shallow ridges of 2-5cm at the nursery railway carriage or compartment face of putting in order, and line-spacing 15-20cm between ditch presses the spacing in the rows program request manioca seed of 8-10cm, and earthing is flat to the railway carriage or compartment face, watered permeablely, grew seedlings and managed and protected transplanting in 3 months;
2, a kind ground is prepared
Be split into the wide ribbon level land of 50cm along plantation plot contour, 300cm is as line-spacing for the band center distance, by the manioca plantation pool that spacing in the rows 200cm digs 40 * 40 * 40cm, stays 5-15cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool; Between the manioca spacing in the rows, dig two of the roselle kind plant holes of 5 * 5 * 5cm by spacing in the rows 50cm;
3, a kind
The manioca seed be implanted in 40 * 40 * 40cm the manioca plantation pool in, the shoot root base portion is lower than pool face 3-5cm, long root system excision, backfill soil is dark half or 2/3rds o'clock to the pool, apply base manure around distance seedling 5-15cm, base manure is comprised of composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, and the ratio of composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is 1:2～5, N in the described composite fertilizer 〉=15%, P
2O
5〉=15%, K
2O 〉=15%; P in the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers
2O
5〉=16%; Every pool base manure sowing amount is 20-50g; Continue backfill soil to flat with pool face; The direct program request of roselle seed in the roselle kind plant hole of 5 * 5 * 5cm, every bunch planting kind 2-3 grain;
4, manage and protect
(1) the manioca field planting was filled the gaps with seedlings and weeding after 30 days, will except under grass cover around the leprosy sapling; Roselle is carried out thinning, and every cave keeps 1 young plant;
(2) manioca field planting spraying fertilizer and weeding after 90 days, around distance leprosy sapling base portion 10-20cm, open the dark ditch of 5-15cm, apply and topdress, topdress and formed by composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 20-50g, and the base manure of the ratio of topdress middle composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and the composition of composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and content and (3) is identical; Roselle growth was opened the dark ditch of 5-10cm in the time of 43～46 days around distance roselle seedling base portion 5-10cm, apply and topdress, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 5-10g, and this topdresses identical with topdressing of using of leprosy sapling; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will except under grass cover the leprosy sapling around;
(3) in time carry out damage by disease and insect monitoring and control, find that damage by disease and insect notifies at once or processes; Report will be set forth damage by disease and insect occurrence characteristic and the extent of injury, gathers representative sample, send the relevant expert to identify, prevents and treats according to the scheme of preventing and treating that the expert proposes;
5, seed or calyx are gathered
When the manioca fruit turns to be yellow, gather, the fruit under adopting is dried, peel off behind the shell with the gunnysack packing, leave the indoor of ventilations, drying in; During the roselle fruit maturation, take off calyx, calyx is dried in the sun or dry, keep the bright-coloured rose of calyx, packing leaves the indoor of ventilations, drying in; After roselle was gathered, the cleaning planting site treated that Second Year is with planting the roselle plant between above-mentioned same method repetition.
The inventive method is planted between two different kinds of crops two kinds of classification subject two Plants not identical, that the plant height is different, can increase the diversity of living species, has improved land utilization rate, has increased substantially the income of unit are.Land utilization rate, the raising of the output value and the efficient construction of manioca raw material production base in the manioca raw material is produced have been promoted.And because leprosy seeds benevolence (oil-containing 60-80%) oil content is high, be the good raw material of biodiesel development and use, two kinds of crops are planted between two different kinds of crops are conducive to be engaged in the operation that biodiesel exploitation and traditional Chinese medicine are planted the peasant of industrialization, agricultural organization, agricultural corporation.The present invention can be average about every mu of results roselle dried food and nuts (calyx) 45-50 kg, every mu of newly-increased income 1800-2000 unit.
Embodiment
By the following specific examples further illustrate the invention, but embodiment only is used for explanation, can not limit the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1: carry out according to the following steps
1, grow seedlings: open the dark shallow ridges of 5cm at the nursery railway carriage or compartment face of putting in order March, ditch spacing (line-spacing) 20cm, 10cm spacing in the rows program request manioca seed, earthing is flat to the railway carriage or compartment face, waters permeablely, grows seedlings and manages and protects transplanting in 3 months.
2, a kind ground is prepared: be split into the wide ribbon level land of 50cm along plantation plot contour, 300cm is as line-spacing for the band center distance, by the manioca plantation pool that spacing in the rows 200cm digs 40 * 40 * 40cm, stays 10cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool; Between the manioca spacing in the rows, dig two of the roselle kind plant holes of 5 * 5 * 5cm by spacing in the rows 50cm.
3, a kind: manioca is planted in the pool of 40 * 40 * 40cm, and the size arrangement planting depth according to seedling is lower than pool face 5cm with the shoot root base portion, long root system excision; Seedling is stood on pool central authorities, a hand steered straight seedling, the proficiency backfill soil, the soil of backfill is wanted no-sundries in small, broken bits; Backfill soil is dark half or 2/3rds o'clock to the pool, apply base manure around distance seedling 10cm, and base manure is by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are that 1:3 forms, and wherein efficient compound fertilizer composition and content are N 〉=15%, P
2O
5〉=15%, K
2O 〉=15%; The content of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is P
2O
5〉=16%; (composition of employed efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is all identical with content in the following steps); Every pool base manure sowing amount is 40g; Continue backfill soil to the pool at ordinary times, stand solid with their feet, with the hands seedling is upwards lifted 5cm gently while stepping on; The direct program request of roselle seed in the cave of 5 * 5 * 5cm, every bunch planting kind 2-3 grain.
4, manage and protect:
(1) the manioca field planting was filled the gaps with seedlings and weeding after 30 days, and the weeds at the cleaning side of a pond cover the little weeds in the side of a pond or other place around the leprosy sapling of field planting, was covered to not see Table soil and be advisable, to keep soil moisture and to prevent weeds propagation and widespread.Roselle will carry out thinning, and every cave keeps 1 young plant, have be short of seedling will be with thinning the time unnecessary transplantation of seedlings enter, water normal root water.
(2) field planting is topdressed after six months and weeding.The described step of topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 10cm around distance leprosy sapling 20cm, applies and topdresses, and the efficient compound fertilizer and the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers that topdress by 1:3 form, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 40g; Open the dark ditch of 5cm around distance roselle seedling 5cm, apply and topdress, the efficient compound fertilizer and the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers that topdress by 1:3 form, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 10g; Described weeding step is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will cover equally except lower weeds seedling around, with maintenance soil moisture with prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(3) manioca field planting spraying fertilizer and weeding after 90 days, described topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 10cm around distance leprosy sapling 20cm, applies and topdresses, and the efficient compound fertilizer and the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers that topdress by 1:3 form, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 50g; Open the dark ditch of 5cm during 45 days left and right sides of roselle growth around distance seedling 10cm, apply and topdress, the efficient compound fertilizer and the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers that topdress by 1:3 form, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 10g; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will cover equally except lower weeds the leprosy sapling around, with maintenance soil moisture with prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(4) in time carry out damage by disease and insect monitoring and control, find that damage by disease and insect will notify at once, report will be set forth damage by disease and insect occurrence characteristic and the extent of injury, gathers representative sample, send the relevant expert to identify and propose the method for preventing and treating, prevent and treat according to the scheme of preventing and treating that the expert proposes.
5, the plantation of manioca seed just begins to have on a small quantity to bear fruit then, gather in good time, can gather when the manioca fruit turns to be yellow, and the fruit under adopting is dried, and peels off shell, and is selected rear with the gunnysack packing, leaves the indoor of ventilation, drying in; Roselle growth about 90 days, its fruit begins maturation, the abundant mellow fruit of in batches gathering, in time with the special-purpose instrument complete calyx that takes off of trying one's best, calyx is dried in the sun or dry the bright-coloured rose of maintenance calyx, packing leaves the indoor of ventilation, drying in.
6, after roselle was gathered, the cleaning planting site treated that Second Year is with planting the roselle plant between above-mentioned same method repetition.Effect: see Table 1.
Embodiment 2 and embodiment 3: except efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers applied the base manure amount and topdressing amount is different, all the other methods of operating were all identical with embodiment 1, do not giving unnecessary details.Difference sees Table 1.
Go up according to this embodiment and draw, the roselle growth is gathered then, produces by surveying, average every mu of results dried food and nuts (calyx) 51.3kg, and according to the place of production calculation of price of 40 yuan of per kilograms, every mu of year increases by 2052 yuan of incomes.
Claims (1)
1. the method for planting between a roselle and manioca, by grow seedlings, kind ground preparation, a kind, manage and protect, seed and the calyx five steps of gathering forms, it is characterized in that:
(1) grows seedlings
Manioca was grown seedlings in the 2-3 month in every year, opened the dark shallow ridges of 2-5cm at the nursery railway carriage or compartment face of putting in order, and line-spacing 15-20cm between ditch presses the spacing in the rows program request manioca seed of 8-10cm, and earthing is flat to the railway carriage or compartment face, watered permeablely, grew seedlings and managed and protected transplanting in 3 months;
(2) planting ground between prepares
Be split into the wide ribbon level land of 50cm along plantation plot contour, 300cm is as line-spacing for the band center distance, by the manioca plantation pool that spacing in the rows 200cm digs 40 * 40 * 40cm, stays 5-15cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool; Between the manioca spacing in the rows, dig two of the roselle kind plant holes of 5 * 5 * 5cm by spacing in the rows 50cm;
(3) plant between
The manioca seed is implanted in the manioca plantation pool of 40 * 40 * 40cm, the shoot root base portion is lower than pool face 3-5cm, long root system excision, backfill soil is dark half or 2/3rds o'clock to the pool, apply base manure around distance seedling 5-15cm, base manure is comprised of composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, and the ratio of composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is 1:2～5, N in the described composite fertilizer 〉=15%, P
2O
5〉=15%, K
2O 〉=15%; P in the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers
2O
5〉=16%; Every pool base manure sowing amount is 20-50g; Continue backfill soil to flat with pool face; The direct program request of roselle seed in the roselle kind plant hole of 5 * 5 * 5cm, every bunch planting kind 2-3 grain;
(4) manage and protect
1. the manioca field planting was filled the gaps with seedlings and weeding after 30 days, will except under grass cover around the leprosy sapling; Roselle is carried out thinning, and every cave keeps 1 young plant;
2. manioca field planting spraying fertilizer and weeding after 90 days, around distance leprosy sapling base portion 10-20cm, open the dark ditch of 5-15cm, apply and topdress, topdress and formed by composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 20-50g, and the base manure of the ratio of topdress middle composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and the composition of composite fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and content and (3) is identical; Roselle growth was opened the dark ditch of 5-10cm in the time of 43～46 days around distance roselle seedling base portion 5-10cm, apply and topdress, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 5-10g, and this topdresses identical with topdressing of using of leprosy sapling; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will except under grass cover the leprosy sapling around;
3. in time carry out damage by disease and insect monitoring and control, find that damage by disease and insect notifies at once or processes; Report will be set forth damage by disease and insect occurrence characteristic and the extent of injury, gathers representative sample, send the relevant expert to identify, prevents and treats according to the scheme of preventing and treating that the expert proposes;
(5) seed and calyx are gathered
When the manioca fruit turns to be yellow, gather, the fruit under adopting is dried, peel off behind the shell with the gunnysack packing, leave the indoor of ventilations, drying in; During the roselle fruit maturation, take off calyx, calyx is dried in the sun or dry, keep the bright-coloured rose of calyx, packing leaves the indoor of ventilations, drying in; After roselle was gathered, the cleaning planting site treated that Second Year is with planting the roselle plant between above-mentioned same method repetition.
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| CN2011103635756A CN102523861B (en) | 2011-11-17 | 2011-11-17 | Method for interplanting roselle and jatropha |
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| CN106342503A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-01-25 | 杨万金 | Method for increasing roselle production and medicinal content thereof |
| CN106105738A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-16 | 柳州永旺科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Calyx Hibisci Sabdariffae |
| CN106888907A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-27 | 昆明市农业科学研究院 | A kind of method planted between roselle and tamarind tree |
| CN109287368A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Make the method for prevention and treatment powdery mildew between a kind of Jatropha curcas and koombar |
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