CN100581344C - Highly effective matched cultivation method for quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku - Google Patents
Highly effective matched cultivation method for quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a supporting method for cultivating improved seeds of Amorphophallus sp.. The invention comprises the following steps: field choosing and tillage, soil sterilizing, seed sterilizing before sowing, dressing enough basic fertilizer, sowing at proper time, covering in time for thermal and humidity insulation, preventing insect damage, field managing, harvesting at proper time and storing. The invention can reduce insect damage through choosing optimum ecological condition and crop rotation, and can greatly increase the product productivity and quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the highly effective matched cultivation technical field of crops improved seeds, be specifically related to the highly effective matched cultivation method of Yunnan Guanyuan konjaku (Amorphophallus sp.) improved seeds.
Background technology
Konjaku (Amorphophallus sp.) is Araeceae (Araceae), the anti-property the sprouted perennial herb monocotyledon of Amorphophallus (Amorphophallus Blume), its wide adaptability, vitality are strong, subterranean stem is rich in glucomannan, pectin, alkaloid, starch, ash content and 17 seed amino acids and various trace elements, have higher medical treatment and health care value, its domestic and abroad market prospect is huge.Along with the continuous developing of konjaku product, konjaku production has become that Yunnan Province transforms agricultural production, the effective way of peasant programme, development local economy, and the exploitation prospect of konjaku is more and more wide.Yunnan plantation konjaku is with a long history, the growth of the very suitable konjaku of superior climatic conditions, and variety source is very abundant.Because for a long time, the konjaku tradition is planted before plot, corner, mountain area, room behind the house, on the soil of sparse wood etc., and farming, cultivation are very extensive, and culture technique falls behind, and sick worm harm is heavier, and particularly southern blight and soft rot are very harmful to the konjaku growth.Add and continue to use some old landrace in the production for a long time, these kinds are long because of service life, shown significantly mix, old and feeble and degenerate, lost good kind.The existence of the problems referred to above, the unit yield that causes Yunnan Province's large tracts of land konjaku to produce is low, 2000 kilograms of every per mu yield less thaies, and potato piece commodity rate is low, and economic benefit is not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the deficiency of traditional cultivation method, and a kind of highly effective matched cultivation technical method of elephant-foot yam improved seeds is provided.
This method step is: (1) choosing ground, whole ground, soil disinfection: select deep, the loose gentle slope sandy loam of soil layer and plant konjaku wholely; The quicklime powder that the preceding every mu of usefulness of sowing is 20 kilograms, 2 kilo sulfuric acid copper spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil, or spray the plantation ditch with 500 times of liquid of 70% fenaminosulf at seeding time, carry out soil disinfection, and mix medicine soil for 2 kilograms/mu with 2.5% chlorophos and spread fertilizer over the fields in the plantation ditch or the pool; (2) apply fertilizer to the subsoil: mu is executed farmyard manure 3000-4000 kilogram, and mu is executed general calcium or composite fertilizer 20-30 kilogram, 20 kilograms of mu potassium applications, and half is as the base fertilizer of furrow, and half is as the lid seed manure; (3) plant the selection of taro and broadcast before sterilization: select that eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance is straight, epidermis is smooth for use, do not have damaged wound, konjak corm or root-like stock below lifes in 3 years are planted; To kind of a taro disinfection, adopt 800 times of liquid of 1,000 ten thousand unit agricultural streptomycins and 1000 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf pulvis before broadcasting, the seed soaking sterilization is 30 minutes before broadcasting, or dresses seed airing 1-2 days with 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture; (4) sowing: in mid-March--mid-April sowing in konjaku ditch sowing time, after will planting taro and sowing, covers described lid seed manure and fine earth on kind of taro top, and in time cover the stalk of one deck pine tag or crop on the face of soil railway carriage or compartment, and thickness is 3 centimetres; Planting density is: when the heavy 400-500 of konjaku kind taro restrains, and line-spacing 35cm, spacing in the rows 50cm, every mu of clean kind 3600-4000 strain; During the heavy 200-300 gram of kind of taro, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, every mu clean plants the 5500-6000 strain; During the heavy 50-100 gram of kind of taro, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu clean plants the 7400-8000 strain; During the heavy 30-50 gram of kind of taro, line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu clean plants the 21000-23000 strain; (5) integrated control of damage by disease and insect: in konjaku growth early stage, with lime disinfection with mix the prevention that pesticide-clay mixture carries out damage by disease and insect; When May and insect pest in August occurrence in peak period, spray in conjunction with watering and execute or mix pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields kill pests with decis, phoxim, chlorophos etc.; After the konjaku in land for growing field crops 70% is emerged, cooperate 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 70% to water with the clear 800 times of liquid of 57.6% hat bacterium and execute plant, adopt 1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of liquid cooperations 70% of agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to spray for the second time after 15 days, two kinds of methods are used alternatingly; Be no less than 4 times at konjaku growing period spraying times; For the primary infection focus of soft rot, pull out immediately and destroy, in sick cave, sprinkle quicklime simultaneously; (6) field management of konjaku: emerging when konjaku begins to open up leaf Feng Hangqian and imposes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium one time, and every mu of consumption is 20 kilograms, imposes on that to carry the ditch earth mulch behind the moisture in the soil face tight; After konjaku is emerged, do not open up and use glyphosate before the leaf or use the no track of gram and cut weeds, or manually weed out the rank grass; (7) gather and safe storage: receive the konjaku after digging, can be used as the commodity taro more than 500 grams and sell.The following stem tuber of 500 grams can be used as kind of a taro and deposits.The method of kind of taro safe storage is: dry part storage kind of taro 3-4 days, use 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture seed dressing then earlier, will plant the taro size fractionation after, again with doing husky layering storage.The eye that maybe will plant taro is downward, places on the built on stilts hedge or bamboo mat.For breeding field piece, can when March in next year, receive again and dig konjaku, to reduce the susceptible probability of kind of taro.
Wherein: konjaku is planted in the zone of height above sea level 1700-2300 rice, forest coverage height, short, half cloudy half light of sunlight direct projection time around selecting, the north slope mountain area subenvironment that air humidity is high.Crop rotation, 3-4 interval of crop rotation are adopted in the elephant-foot yam plantation.In the plantation not with potato class, solanberry class continuous cropping.Sun the earth which has been ploughed up in time turning over to dig after the previous crops results, to broadcasting or drilling in the narrower tableland and the steeper feasible flat moisture in the soil pool, hillside fields, level land or ground, gentle slope need the ridging cultivation wholely, and the ridge height is at 20--30 centimetre.Height above sea level 1700--1900 meter district konjaku can with interplanting corn.Broadcast on the konjaku pool or ditch sowing time, should sow kind of taro is tilting, plant taro top and cover farmyard manure and fine earth; And on the face of soil railway carriage or compartment, in time covering the stalk of one deck pine tag or crop, thickness is 3-5 centimetre, is advisable to lose soil.The available 2000 kilograms every mu detritus soil that applies fertilizer imposes on bottom of trench or makes lid kind of usefulness.
The elephant-foot yam new varieties that " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " formed by the seed selection of systematic breeding method by konjaku research institute of Yunnan agricultural university, its botany morphological feature is: the long 20～84.5cm of the petiole of " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 ", base diameter 2.5～6.5cm, it is cylindric that petiole is, smooth surface, color yellowish pink, surface have irregular blackish green spot.Blade is large-scale compound leaf, and color is a strong green, expands into umbrella fully, and palmate is totally cleaved, and common 3 split, primary fissure length of a film 25～65cm, and 6 of lobelets, alternate differs in size, and is shaped as ellipse, and lateral vein is many, and is very thin, parallel, and proximal edge is united and is the arc ardent pulse.The nearly ball-type of its underground tuber shape, the bottom is flat slightly, and diameter is 3～15cm, and diameter and aspect ratio are 9.4: 8.9, and the bud nest is more shallow, pitchy, the terminal bud hypertrophy has Fen Hong Se Scales sheet bag quilt, and 4～7 white eyes and a plurality of points are arranged around it; The stem tuber color of the leather first half is a brown, and Lower Half is light brown, potato meat white.The stem tuber that 40～540g is heavy has 1～8 on root-like stock, is shaped as corynebacterium." the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " is 72 days from being seeded into the fate of emerging, from sow to the mean temperature of air between the seeding stage be 18.82 ℃, effective accumulated temperature is 284.5 to subsist.Its breeding time is roughly at 242～251 days, ripe type kind in the genus." the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " thickness of sowing is 22223 strains/667m
2, sow the heavy 45g of single stem, gather in the crops the heavy 156g of single stem, single stem weightening finish 111g expands 3.5 times of multiples, output 3465kg/667m
2" the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " applies in the konjaku production of Yunnan.
Efficiency cultivation technology for high method of the present invention from growing to the needs of temperature and illumination and to the requirement of nutrition and moisture of crop, rational deployment, is selected best elephant-foot yam ecotope, carries out rotation cropping, alleviates the harm of disease worm; And by rationally selecting ground, whole ground, implement soil disinfection, carry out the sterilization of konjaku kind taro before broadcasting, standardized planting, rational close planting, use sufficient base fertilizer, proper seeding, in time cover heat and moisture preserving, prevent the aggregate measures such as growth of weeds, effectively raise the yield and quality of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 ".
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
56 mu of " evil spirit spends 15 " highly effective matched cultivation show-hows have been carried out in the Fu Cun township of Fuyuan County, the zone that height above sea level is 1700 meters, forest coverage height, short, half cloudy half light of sunlight direct projection time around selecting, the mountain area north slope subenvironment that air humidity is high.Crop rotation, 3 years intervals of crop rotation are adopted in plantation.In the plantation not with potato class, solanberry class continuous cropping.By rational deployment, select best ecotope, carry out rotation cropping, alleviate the harm of disease worm, rationally soil disinfection is implemented on choosing ground, whole ground, carries out kind of a taro sterilization before broadcasting, standardized planting.
The quicklime powder that the preceding every mu of usefulness of sowing is 20 kilograms, 2 kilo sulfuric acid copper spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil, carry out soil disinfection, and mix medicine soil for 2 kilograms/mu with 2.5% chlorophos and spread fertilizer over the fields in the plantation ditch or the pool; Mu is executed 3000 kilograms of farmyard manures, and mu is executed 20 kilograms of general calcium, 20 kilograms of mu potassium applications, and half is as the base fertilizer of furrow, and half is as the lid seed manure; Select that eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance is straight, epidermis is smooth for use, there is not damaged wound, following konjak corm or the root-like stock of life in 3 years planted, plant taro and weigh 105 grams, broadcast preceding to kind of a taro disinfection, adopt 800 times of liquid of 1,000 ten thousand unit agricultural streptomycins and 1000 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf pulvis, the seed soaking sterilization is 30 minutes before broadcasting, airing 1 day; In sowing on March 20, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, 7500 strains of every mu of clean kind.Will descend vola fertilizer before plantation, require mu to execute 3000 kilograms of farmyard manures, mu is executed 20 kilograms of general calcium or composite fertilizers, 20 kilograms of mu potassium applications; Half is as the base fertilizer on furrow (pool), and half is as the lid seed manure.In konjaku ditch sowing time, after will planting taro and sowing, cover a farmyard manure and a fine earth on kind of taro top, and on the face of soil railway carriage or compartment, in time cover the stalk of one deck pine tag or crop, thickness is 3 centimetres; Heat and moisture preserving prevents the growth of weeds, implements the integrated pest control in agriculture technology, in time strengthens the field management work of konjaku.When May and insect pest in August occurrence in peak period, spray in conjunction with watering and execute or mix pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields kill pests with decis, phoxim, chlorophos etc.; After the konjaku in land for growing field crops 70% is emerged, promptly cooperate 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 70% to water and execute plant with the clear 800 times of liquid of 57.6% hat bacterium; Adopt 1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of liquid cooperations 70% of agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to spray for the second time after 15 days, two kinds of methods are used alternatingly prevents and treats soft rot.Requirement is konjaku growing period dispenser 4 times.If in case find the primary infection focus of soft rot, should pull out immediately and destroy, should in sick cave, sprinkle quicklime simultaneously.Emerging when konjaku begins to open up leaf Feng Hangqian and imposes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium one time, and every mu of consumption is 20 kilograms, imposes on that to carry the ditch earth mulch behind the moisture in the soil face tight; After konjaku is emerged, do not open up and use glyphosate before the leaf or use the no track of gram and cut weeds, or manually weed out the rank grass.The per unit area yield of " evil spirit spends 15 " is 3810 kilograms/mu, and the output value is 4572/ mu, than 3000 kilograms/mu of local large tracts of land unit yield, and volume increase 27% (seeing Table 1).
Table 1 " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " breeding time and productivity performance
Embodiment two:
A mouthful township has carried out 15 mu of " evil spirit spends 15 " highly effective matched cultivation show-hows in the Chuxiong serious offense, the konjaku per unit area yield reaches 7070 kilograms/mu, concrete measure is: " evil spirit spends 15 " is planted in the zone of 1850 meters of height above sea level, forest coverage height, short, half cloudy half light of sunlight direct projection time around in the konjaku plantation, selecting, the mountain area subenvironment that air humidity is high.Select deep, the loose gentle slope sandy loam of soil layer and whole ground konjaku and interplanting corn.Spray the plantation ditch with 500 times of liquid of 70% fenaminosulf at seeding time, carry out soil disinfection, and mix medicine soil for 2 kilograms/mu with 2.5% chlorophos and spread fertilizer over the fields in the plantation ditch or the pool.Mu is executed 4000 kilograms of farmyard manures, and mu is executed 30 kilograms of general calcium, 20 kilograms of mu potassium applications, and half is as the base fertilizer of furrow, and half is as the lid seed manure; Adopt efficent rotation, 4 years intervals of crop rotation; Not with potato class, solanberry class continuous cropping, effectively to alleviate the harm of disease worm.Prior to seeding, should select that eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance is straight, epidermis is smooth for use, not have damaged wound, following konjak corm or the root-like stock of life in 3 years plant, and the kind taro weighs 105 and restrains, and planting density is 5500 strains/667m
2, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 40cm.To kind of a taro disinfection, adopt 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture seed dressing before broadcasting, airing can be sowed after 2 days.Covered pine tag, straw etc. during sowing on the face of land, thickness is 3 centimetres, can suppress the growth of weeds effectively; But also there are a spot of weeds to occur.In the konjaku process of growth, reduce farming operation as far as possible, plant is not caused mechanical damage and cause the generation of soft rot.In konjaku growth early stage, with lime disinfection with mix the prevention that pesticide-clay mixture carries out damage by disease and insect; When May and insect pest in August occurrence in peak period, spray in conjunction with watering and execute or mix pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields kill pests with decis, phoxim, chlorophos etc.; After the konjaku in land for growing field crops 70% is emerged, cooperate 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 70% to water with the clear 800 times of liquid of 57.6% hat bacterium and execute plant, adopt 1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of liquid cooperations 70% of agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to spray for the second time after 15 days, two kinds of methods are used alternatingly; Konjaku growing period dispenser 6 times; For the primary infection focus of soft rot, pull out immediately and destroy, in sick cave, sprinkle quicklime simultaneously; Emerging when konjaku begins to open up leaf Feng Hangqian and imposes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium one time, and every mu of consumption is 20 kilograms, imposes on that to carry the ditch earth mulch behind the moisture in the soil face tight; After konjaku is emerged, do not open up and use glyphosate before the leaf or use the no track of gram and cut weeds, or manually weed out the rank grass.The method of kind of taro safe storage is: dry part storage kind of taro 3-4 days, use 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture seed dressing then earlier, will plant the taro size fractionation after, again with doing husky layering storage.The eye that maybe will plant taro is downward, places on the built on stilts hedge or bamboo mat.For breeding field piece, can when March in next year, receive again and dig konjaku, to reduce the susceptible probability (seeing Table 2) of kind of taro.
Table 2 " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " breeding time and productivity performance
Embodiment three:
6 mu of " evil spirit spends 15 " highly effective matched cultivation show-hows have been carried out in the Lao Chang township of Fuyuan County, by rational deployment, select best ecotope, the plantation konjaku is planted in the zone of 2300 meters of height above sea level, carry out rotation cropping, alleviate the harm of disease worm, rationally soil disinfection is implemented on choosing ground, whole ground, carry out kind of a taro sterilization before broadcasting, standardized planting.Select that eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance is straight, epidermis is smooth for use, do not have damaged wound, following konjak corm or the root-like stock of life in 3 years plant, plants taro and weighs 35 grams, line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu of kind 23000 strains only; The quicklime powder that the preceding every mu of usefulness of sowing is 20 kilograms, 2 kilo sulfuric acid copper spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil, carry out soil disinfection, and mix medicine soil for 2 kilograms/mu with 2.5% chlorophos and spread fertilizer over the fields in the plantation ditch or the pool; To kind of a taro disinfection, adopt 800 times of liquid of 1,000 ten thousand unit agricultural streptomycins and 1000 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf pulvis before broadcasting, the seed soaking sterilization is 30 minutes before broadcasting, airing 1 day; Will descend vola fertilizer before plantation, the available 2000 kilograms every mu detritus soil that applies fertilizer imposes on bottom of trench or makes lid kind of usefulness.Half is as the base fertilizer on furrow (pool), and half is as the lid seed manure.Proper seeding in time covers, and heat and moisture preserving prevents the growth of weeds, implements the integrated pest control in agriculture technology, in time strengthens the field management work of konjaku.In konjaku growth early stage, with lime disinfection with mix the prevention that pesticide-clay mixture carries out damage by disease and insect; When May and insect pest in August occurrence in peak period, spray in conjunction with watering and execute or mix pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields kill pests with decis, phoxim, chlorophos etc.; After the konjaku in land for growing field crops 70% is emerged, cooperate 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 70% to water with the clear 800 times of liquid of 57.6% hat bacterium and execute plant, adopt 1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of liquid cooperations 70% of agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to spray for the second time after 15 days, two kinds of methods are used alternatingly; Konjaku growing period dispenser 8 times; For the primary infection focus of soft rot, pull out immediately and destroy, in sick cave, sprinkle quicklime simultaneously; Emerging when konjaku begins to open up leaf Feng Hangqian and imposes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium one time, and every mu of consumption is 20 kilograms, imposes on that to carry the ditch earth mulch behind the moisture in the soil face tight; After konjaku is emerged, do not open up and use glyphosate before the leaf or use the no track of gram and cut weeds, or manually weed out the rank grass; Konjaku after receipts are dug can be used as the commodity taro more than 500 grams and sells.The following stem tuber of 500 grams can be used as kind of a taro and deposits.The method of kind of taro safe storage is: dry part storage kind of taro 3-4 days, use 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture seed dressing then earlier, will plant the taro size fractionation after, again with doing husky layering storage.The eye that maybe will plant taro is downward, places on the built on stilts hedge or bamboo mat.For breeding field piece, can when March in next year, receive again and dig konjaku, to reduce the susceptible probability of kind of taro.
Table 3 " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " breeding time and productivity performance
Embodiment four:
Be bigger than a mouthful township in the Chuxiong in 2005 and carried out the show-how of " evil spirit spends 15 " highly effective matched cultivation, the konjaku per unit area yield reaches 9010 kilograms/mu, concrete measure is: select deep, loose gentle slope sandy loam of soil layer and whole ground, the quicklime powder that the preceding every mu of usefulness of sowing is 20 kilograms, 2 kilo sulfuric acid copper spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil, or spray the plantation ditch with 500 times of liquid of 70% fenaminosulf at seeding time, carry out soil disinfection, and mix medicine soil for 2 kilograms/mu with 2.5% chlorophos and spread fertilizer over the fields in the plantation ditch or the pool; Mu is executed 3500 kilograms of farmyard manures, 25 kilograms of mu sealing fertilizers, and 20 kilograms of mu potassium applications, half is as the base fertilizer of furrow, and half is as the lid seed manure; Adopt efficent rotation, 4 years intervals of crop rotation; " evil spirit spends 15 " is planted in the zone of 1950 meters of height above sea level, selects that eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance is straight, epidermis is smooth for use, do not have damaged wound, and following konjak corm or the root-like stock of life in 3 years planted; Planting density is 3600 strains/667m
2, to kind of a taro disinfection, adopt 800 times of liquid of 1,000 ten thousand unit agricultural streptomycins and 1000 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf pulvis before broadcasting, the seed soaking sterilization is 30 minutes before broadcasting, or dresses seed airing 1-2 days with 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture; On the face of land, cover pine tag, straw etc. during sowing, can suppress the growth of weeds effectively.When May and insect pest in August occurrence in peak period, spray in conjunction with watering and execute or mix pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields kill pests with decis, phoxim, chlorophos etc.; After the konjaku in land for growing field crops 70% is emerged, cooperate 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 70% to water with the clear 800 times of liquid of 57.6% hat bacterium and execute plant, adopt 1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of liquid cooperations 70% of agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to spray for the second time after 15 days, two kinds of methods are used alternatingly; Konjaku growing period dispenser 5 times; For the primary infection focus of soft rot, pull out immediately and destroy, in sick cave, sprinkle quicklime simultaneously.Emerging when konjaku begins to open up leaf Feng Hangqian and imposes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium one time, and every mu of consumption is 20 kilograms, imposes on that to carry the ditch earth mulch behind the moisture in the soil face tight; After konjaku is emerged, do not open up and use glyphosate before the leaf or use the no track of gram and cut weeds, or manually weed out the rank grass.(seeing Table 4).
Table 4 " the cloud evil spirit spends 15 " breeding time and productivity performance
Claims (7)
1, a kind of cultivation method for matching of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku the steps include:
(1), choosing ground, whole ground, soil disinfection: select deep, the loose gentle slope sandy loam of soil layer and plant konjaku wholely; The quicklime powder that the preceding every mu of usefulness of sowing is 20 kilograms, 2 kilo sulfuric acid copper spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil, or spray the plantation ditch with 500 times of liquid of 70% fenaminosulf at seeding time, carry out soil disinfection, and mix medicine soil for 2 kilograms/mu with 2.5% chlorophos and spread fertilizer over the fields in the plantation ditch or the pool;
(2), apply fertilizer to the subsoil: mu is executed farmyard manure 3000-4000 kilogram, and mu is executed general calcium or composite fertilizer 20-30 kilogram, 20 kilograms of mu potassium applications, half is as the base fertilizer of furrow, half is as the lid seed manure;
(3), plant the selection of taro and broadcast before sterilization: select that eye is full, the bud nest is shallow, outward appearance is straight, epidermis is smooth for use, do not have damaged wound, konjak corm or root-like stock below lifes in 3 years are planted;
To kind of a taro disinfection, adopt 800 times of liquid of 1,000 ten thousand unit agricultural streptomycins and 1000 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf pulvis before broadcasting, the seed soaking sterilization is 30 minutes before broadcasting, or dresses seed airing 1-2 days with 2: 1 ash and quicklime mixture;
(4), sowing: in mid-March--mid-April sowing, in konjaku ditch sowing time, after will planting taro and sowing, cover described lid seed manure and fine earth on kind of taro top, and on the face of soil railway carriage or compartment, in time cover the stalk of one deck pine tag or crop, thickness is 3 centimetres;
Planting density is: when the heavy 200-300 of konjaku kind taro restrains, and line-spacing 35cm, spacing in the rows 50cm, every mu of clean kind 3600-4000 strain; During the heavy 100-200 gram of kind of taro, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, every mu clean plants the 5500-6000 strain; During the heavy 50-100 gram of kind of taro, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu clean plants the 7400-8000 strain; During the heavy 30-50 gram of kind of taro, line-spacing 10cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu clean plants the 21000-23000 strain;
(5), the integrated control of damage by disease and insect: in konjaku growth early stage, with lime disinfection with mix the prevention that pesticide-clay mixture carries out damage by disease and insect;
When May and insect pest in August occurrence in peak period, spray in conjunction with watering and execute or mix pesticide-clay mixture and spread fertilizer over the fields kill pests with decis, phoxim, chlorophos;
After the konjaku in land for growing field crops 70% is emerged, cooperate 800 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 70% to water with the clear 800 times of liquid of 57.6% hat bacterium and execute plant, adopt 1500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of liquid cooperations 70% of agricultural streptomycin of 1,000 ten thousand units to spray for the second time after 15 days, two kinds of methods are used alternatingly; Konjaku growing period spraying times 4-8 time;
For the primary infection focus of soft rot, pull out immediately and destroy, in sick cave, sprinkle quicklime simultaneously;
(6), the field management of konjaku: emerging when konjaku begins to open up leaf Feng Hangqian and imposes Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium one time, and every mu of consumption is 20 kilograms, imposes on that to carry the ditch earth mulch behind the moisture in the soil face tight; After konjaku is emerged, do not open up and use glyphosate before the leaf or use the no track of gram and cut weeds, or manually weed out the rank grass;
(7), gather.
2, the cultivation method for matching of a kind of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described konjaku is planted in the zone of height above sea level 1700-2300 rice, forest coverage height, short, half cloudy half light of sunlight direct projection time around selecting, the mountain area subenvironment that air humidity is high.
3, the cultivation method for matching of a kind of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described konjaku is planted in north slope.
4, the cultivation method for matching of a kind of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku according to claim 1 is characterized in that: crop rotation, 3-4 interval of crop rotation are adopted in described elephant-foot yam plantation.
5, the cultivation method for matching of a kind of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the plantation of described elephant-foot yam not with potato class, solanberry class continuous cropping.
6, the cultivation method for matching of a kind of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described be in time to turn over to dig to sun the earth which has been ploughed up after the previous crops results wholely, the narrower tableland and the steeper feasible flat moisture in the soil pool, hillside fields are broadcast or drilling, level land or ground, gentle slope need the ridging cultivation, and the ridge height is 20---and 30 centimetres.
7, the highly effective matched cultivation method of a kind of quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sowing is at height above sea level 1700---1900 meter district konjaku and interplanting corns.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102726188A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-17 | 湖北顺溪豆制品有限公司 | Method for planting konjak by corner land |
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| CN102726188A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-17 | 湖北顺溪豆制品有限公司 | Method for planting konjak by corner land |
| CN108293772A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-07-20 | 广西吉朋投资有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods that konjaku is high-quality and efficient |
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