CN102640650B - Konjac cultivation method - Google Patents
Konjac cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102640650B CN102640650B CN201210138587.3A CN201210138587A CN102640650B CN 102640650 B CN102640650 B CN 102640650B CN 201210138587 A CN201210138587 A CN 201210138587A CN 102640650 B CN102640650 B CN 102640650B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a konjac cultivation method. When konjacs are harvested in the first year, each konjac of a single tuber with the weight larger than a predetermined value is harvested, each konjac of a single tuber with the weight smaller than the predetermined value remains in a field, and the konjacs remaining in the fields serve as seeds to be cultivated in the next year.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation of plants method, relate in particular to a kind of cultivation method of konjaku.
Background technology
Konjaku is the perennial herb monocotyledon of Araeceae, the subterranean stem of konjaku is rich in Glucomannan, pectin, alkaloid, starch and 17 seed amino acids and various trace elements, konjaku is unique plant that contains in a large number Glucomannan of finding at present, that Glucomannan has is water-soluble, water holding, thickening, stable, suspension, gel, the physicochemical property of multiple uniqueness such as cohere, therefore konjaku can be used for the industries such as medical treatment, chemical industry, food, oil, weaving, has boundless market prospects.Due to the market demand, various places start large-area plantation konjaku, but the cultivation method of conventional konjaku is higher to the requirement in soil, require the soil of plantation konjaku in front batch of arable land of not planting the Solanaceaes such as konjaku, vegetables, flue-cured tobacco, potato, radish or greengrocery crop, and crop rotation year is limited to 3-5, therefore be applicable to the soil of plantation konjaku seldom, planting base is also unstable.In addition in the method for the conventional cultivation of konjaku, planting taro can be through the link of gathering, sort, transport, preserve, sowing, in these links, planting taro easily sustains damage and rots, even in these processes, spread disease germs and cause soft rot frequently to break out, the loss that soft rot causes is generally at 30%-50%, severe patient can reach 80%, and even total crop failure, does not also have effectively preventing method at present.The development of konjaku plant husbandry that lacked serious restriction of the soil of suitable planting konjaku and loss that soft rot outburst causes.
Therefore, be desirable to provide a kind of stable konjaku planting base and effectively control the cultivation method that soft rot breaks out, improving the output of konjaku, meeting the need of market.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of cultivation method that can address the above problem or at least solve the konjaku of subproblem.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of konjaku provided by the invention, it comprises step seed selection, the sterilization of kind taro, whole ground, sowing, fertilising, field management, damage by disease and insect integrated campaign, receives and dig.When wherein committed step is that First Year receipts are dug konjaku, the weight of single stem tuber is received and dug higher than the konjaku of predetermined value, the konjaku that weighs less than predetermined value of single stem tuber is stayed to field, stay the konjaku in field and cultivate at Second Year as kind of a taro.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, in when seed selection, the konjaku that the weight of selecting single stem tuber is 50-100g is as kind of a taro, and kind of a taro is carried out disinfection.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, when whole ground, first adjust arable land humidity, Porous soil; Then by Arable Land Consolidation, be ridge shape, row spacing is 1.1-1.2 rice; On the face of ridge, excavate afterwards 3 ditches, furrow width is 0.2-0.3 rice, and ditch depth is 0.15-0.2 rice; Next excavation ditch in applications of farmyard manure, fertilizing amount is 2-3 ton/mu; The last soil of 0.02-0.03 rice that covers in the ditch of having used farmyard manure.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, in the arable land of putting in order, sow, the strain spacing that is planted in the kind taro in field is that 0.2-0.3 rice, line space are that 0.25 meter, sowing quantity are 3000-5000 plant/acre; After having sowed, konjaku is watered, ridge face is arranged smooth.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, at the different culture time of konjaku, konjaku is applied fertilizer, first at seeding time, in the furrow on the face of ridge, apply farmyard manure; Then before the loose leaf of konjaku, konjaku is applied to inorganic fertilizer, generally apply potash fertilizer; At konjaku blade face Feng Hanghou, konjaku is sprayed to foliage fertilizer, be generally potassium dihydrogen phosphate; After Second Year konjaku is emerged, konjaku is applied to inorganic fertilizer or fertilizer.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, when konjaku is carried out to field management, at First Year, sowing finishes rear to konjaku herbicide spraying, before the loose leaf of konjaku, konjaku is earthed up and weeding; Second Year is cleared up weeds in field before konjaku is emerged, and konjaku is earthed up to konjaku after emerging, and furrow is cleared up and made ditch depth >=30cm, and weak strain and diseased plant are removed strain spacing is remained between 0.15-0.20 rice.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, when konjaku being carried out to damage by disease and insect defence, at First Year, before the loose leaf of konjaku, use respectively agricultural chemicals and bactericide to be on the defensive with blade face Feng Hanghou; After Second Year konjaku is emerged, dispose in the strain pool of diseased plant and use quicklime sterilization.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, before not emerging with Second Year konjaku in spring after the sowing of First Year completes, on the furrow limit of plantation konjaku, every two ridges, plant the high bar crops of two row, high bar crops generally include corn, sunflower and Chinese sorghum.
Alternatively, according to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, wherein, after the loose leaf of Second Year konjaku, when the kind taro of 50-100g grows into weight >=200g, start the konjaku of breeding≤50g.
According to the cultivation method of konjaku of the present invention, the average attack rate of konjaku has been reduced to 25.6%, increased the availability in the soil of suitable planting konjaku simultaneously, extended the Planting Years on unit are soil, reduced peasant's working time and alleviated peasant's labour intensity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading below detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefits will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skills.Accompanying drawing is only for the object of preferred embodiment is shown, and do not think limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows according to digging of an embodiment of the invention and stays greatly little konjaku cultivation method
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 shows according to the cultivation method of the konjaku of an embodiment of the invention.This method is to describe according to the time sequencing of the plantation of konjaku and growth, and first First Year is that konjaku is chosen seeds and kind of a taro is carried out disinfection in step S1100; Then in step S1200, the soil choosing is arranged; In step S1300, konjaku is sowed afterwards; Next in step S1400, carry out to konjaku the cultivation work between the growth stage; Last in step S1500, konjaku dug and stays greatly little the digging work of knocking off; Next starting Second Year is operated in step S1600 konjaku when not emerging to the cultivation of konjaku and cultivates and in step S1700, carry out the cultivation work between the growth stage after konjaku is emerged; Last in step S1800, carry out the work of knocking off that digs that second of konjaku takes turns.S1800 finishes, and cultivation method completes.
In the method, most critical is the work of knocking off that digs of the konjaku that carries out in step S1500.In this step, the konjaku of the weight >=250g of single stem tuber is dug to receipts as commodity, the konjaku of the weight < 250g of single stem tuber is stayed field as the kind taro of Second Year, at Second Year, cultivate and dig receipts, effectively solved two problems that restriction konjaku plant production development exists.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, present embodiment is specifically described.
The applicant is usingd natural resources konjaku as experiment kind, to konjaku, has adopted the inventive method to cultivate.
In First Year spring, at the seedtime of konjaku, started the first step work S1100 of cultivating konjak, selected the konjaku of 50-100g as kind of a taro, and kind of a taro has been sterilized, after having chosen seeds, enter the work on the whole ground of step S1200, first the humidity in the soil choosing is adjusted, the soil that loosened, has then become consolidation ridge shape, and wherein row spacing is 1.1-1.2 rice, on the face of ridge, three ditches have been excavated again afterwards, wherein furrow width is 0.2-0.3 rice, and ditch depth is 0.15-0.2 rice, finally in ditch, applies the farmyard manure becoming thoroughly decomposed, fertilizing amount is 2-3 ton/mu, on farmyard manure by the soil that has covered 0.02-0.03 rice, finish the sowing work of rear beginning step S1300 wholely, first in the furrow on the ridge face of putting in order, plant and plant taro, the strain spacing of kind of taro is remained between 0.2-0.3 rice, line-spacing remains on 0.25 meter of left and right, common every mu of sowing 3000-5000 strain kind taro is then watered to konjaku, and ridge face is arranged smooth in the furrow of ridge face, every two ridge konjakus, plant two row corns afterwards, finally put soil, herbicide spraying in order, the cultivation work that enters konjaku vegetative period of step S1400 after konjaku is emerged, before the loose leaf of konjaku, it is applied to inorganic fertilizer one time, wherein added potash fertilizer, and use at the same time disease-proofing pesticide and bactericide to carry out damage by disease and insect prevention to konjaku, after fertilising, furrow has been carried out the cleaning work of weeding, ridging, at the blade face of konjaku Feng Hanghou, to the foliage-spray of konjaku foliage fertilizer potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and at the same time konjaku has been sprayed to disease-proofing pesticide, at konjaku, fall seedling after 30 days, started committed step S1500 to digging of the konjaku work of knocking off, konjaku is being dug to the time receiving, the konjaku of single konjaku stem tuber >=250g is dug and is incorporated as commodity taro, and press 250-500g, 500-1000g, the storage of classifying of tri-kinds of specifications of >=1000g, < 250g stays the cultivation work that carry out 2010 in field, for the spacing in the rows between the konjaku that makes to stay remains on 0.15-0.20 rice, konjaku stem tuber below unnecessary 250g is received and dug out, with 200-250g, 150-200g, 100-150g, 50-100g, 10-50g, six kinds of specification classification of≤10g, and preserve after the moisture that it is sloughed to 20-30% through super-dry, at First Year during winter, on the ridge face that has stayed the field of planting taro, cover sweet potato, be used for protecting kind of a taro, in Second Year spring, before konjaku is not emerged, enter step S1600, ridge face is carried out to weeding, and plant 2 row corns at interval of 2 ridges, Second Year konjaku seedling-growing time has shifted to an earlier date 7-10 days than conventional cultivation, after emerging, konjaku enters step S1700, konjaku is used to inorganic fertilizer or fertilizer, after fertilising, furrow is earthed up and made ditch depth >=30cm, weak strain and diseased plant are removed konjaku seedling spacing is remained between 0.15-0.20 rice, in having removed the strain pool of diseased plant, add quicklime to carry out sterilization, after the loose leaf of konjaku seedling, enter step S1700, the kind taro growth of 50-100g is expanded after >=200g, and it starts to breed the sub-taro below 50g as female taro, has formed the konjaku synectics system of layer stereo structure, at konjaku, fall seedling and after 30 days, enter step S1800, konjaku is received and dug, according to corresponding standard, to the konjaku storage of classifying.Step S1800 finishes, and digging of konjaku stays greatly little cultivation method to implement.
The applicant has done parallel test in ,Lu Na village, Xin Dian village, Fuyuan County and Shuijing Village to this cultivation method, and the damage by disease and insect situation of konjaku has been carried out to follow-up investigation.After emerging by the end of June, on every block of soil according to the konjaku situation of emerging choose, in, bad three points, each is selected and selects 100 strain konjaku seedlings, seedling does not around count, in July, August and September, respectively incidence is investigated, finally according to the average attack rate of three points, calculated.According to ,Lu Na village, above-mentioned investigation method ，Xin Dian village, Shuijing Village, selecting respectively survey to produce area is that the plantation soil of 6.67 meter 2 is analyzed, and obtains result as described below:
By above test data, can be found out: adopted after this cultivation method, avoided in the mechanical damage of excavating, sort, transport, preserving and the link such as sowing causing kind of taro, thereby reduced the propagation of germ, make the incidence of disease of konjaku be reduced to 25.6%, part has solved the loss output of konjaku being caused due to morbidity.
Adopt in addition this cultivation method, on a planting base, can within continuous 2 years, gather in the crops konjaku, improved the availability in soil, the planting base of having stablized konjaku, and alleviated to a certain extent peasant's labour intensity, reduced peasant's working time.
It should be noted, the present invention will be described rather than limit the invention for above-described embodiment, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment in the situation that do not depart from the scope of claims.It should be noted in addition, adopting in the present embodiment natural resources konjaku is to an explanation of the present invention as test kind, rather than the restriction that the kind of konjaku is carried out.
Claims (8)
1. a cultivation method for konjaku, comprises step: while sowing in the arable land of putting in order, sowing is that 0.2-0.3 rice, line space are that 0.25 meter, sowing quantity are 3000-5000 plant/acre in the strain spacing of the kind taro in field; After having sowed, konjaku is watered, then ridge face is arranged smooth;
Also comprise step: when receipts are dug konjaku, the weight of single stem tuber is received and dug higher than the konjaku of 250g, the konjaku that weighs less than 250g of single stem tuber is stayed to field, stay the konjaku in field and cultivate at Second Year as kind of a taro.
2. the cultivation method of konjaku as claimed in claim 1, also comprises step: when seed selection, the konjaku that the weight of selecting single stem tuber is 50-100g is as kind of a taro, and kind of a taro is carried out disinfection.
3. the cultivation method of konjaku as claimed in claim 1 or 2, also comprises step: when the soil of choosing is carried out to whole ground, first adjust arable land humidity, Porous soil; By Arable Land Consolidation, be ridge shape afterwards, row spacing is 1.1-1.2 rice; Then on the face of ridge, excavate 3 ditches, furrow width is 0.2-0.3 rice, and ditch depth is 0.15-0.2 rice; Next excavation ditch in applications of farmyard manure, fertilizing amount is 2-3 ton/mu; Finally in the ditch of having used farmyard manure, cover the soil that thickness is 0.02-0.03 rice.
4. the cultivation method of konjaku as claimed in claim 1, also comprises step: the different culture time at konjaku applies different fertilizer,
At seeding time, in the furrow on the face of ridge, apply farmyard manure;
Before the loose leaf of konjaku, apply inorganic fertilizer;
At konjaku blade face Feng Hanghou, konjaku is sprayed to foliage fertilizer;
After Second Year konjaku is emerged, konjaku is applied to inorganic fertilizer or fertilizer.
5. the cultivation method of konjaku as claimed in claim 1, also comprises step: when the soil of plantation konjaku is carried out to field management,
First Year, sowing finishes rear herbicide spraying, before the loose leaf of konjaku, konjaku is earthed up and weeding;
Second Year is cleared up weeds in field before konjaku is emerged, and konjaku is earthed up to konjaku after emerging, and furrow is cleared up and made ditch depth >=30cm, and weak strain and diseased plant are removed and make strain spacing remain 0.15-0.20 rice.
6. the cultivation method of konjaku as claimed in claim 1, also comprises step: when konjaku being carried out to damage by disease and insect defence,
At First Year, before the loose leaf of konjaku, use respectively agricultural chemicals and bactericide to be on the defensive with blade face Feng Hanghou;
After Second Year konjaku is emerged, in the strain pool of the diseased plant of disposing, use quicklime sterilization.
7. the cultivation method of konjaku as claimed in claim 1, also comprises step: before not emerging with Second Year konjaku in spring, on the furrow limit of plantation konjaku, every two ridge konjakus, plant two row corns after the sowing of First Year completes.
8. the cultivation method of the konjaku as described in right 1, wherein, after the loose leaf of Second Year konjaku, when the kind taro of 50-100g grows into weight >=200g, starts the konjaku of breeding≤50g.
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| CN201210138587.3A CN102640650B (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2012-04-25 | Konjac cultivation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107736207A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-27 | 四川明峰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of konjak cultivation method |
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| CN102893784A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-30 | 上海扬升农副产品专业合作社 | Method for planting improved red-bud taro |
| CN102986406B (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2014-07-23 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | High-mountain konjak cultivation technique |
| CN102960167B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-08-03 | 陶育照 | A kind of stingy bud propagation method of Rhizoma amorphophalli |
| CN103125238A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-06-05 | 昆明学院 | Multi-seedling autogenic relay growth method for seeds of amorphophallus muelleri |
| CN103430732A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-12-11 | 湖北顺溪生物食品有限公司 | Konjak interplanting crop-rotation cultivation method |
| CN103404347A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-27 | 荔浦县清泉蔬菜水果种植基地 | Cultivation method for taros |
| CN103477836B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-02-11 | 富源县金地魔芋种业有限公司 | Konjac seedling storing method |
| CN103947426A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 卢俊 | Konjak winter planting method |
| CN105557240A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-11 | 重庆市万州区聚阳魔芋种植专业合作社 | Amorphallus konjac planting method |
| CN105532345A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-05-04 | 富源县中安街道农业综合服务中心 | Walnut and konjak interplanting cultivation method |
| CN114431093A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-05-06 | 云南省林业和草原科学院 | High-ridge cultivation method for konjak |
| CN114931077A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-23 | 遵义市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method of bulbil konjak |
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| CN1154413C (en) * | 1999-11-14 | 2004-06-23 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Amorphophallus rivieri group seedling-culturing batch production and cultivation technology |
| CN100581344C (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2010-01-20 | 云南农业大学 | Highly effective matched cultivation method for quality variety of Yunnan highland konnjaku |
| CN101411275B (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-08-25 | 西南大学 | Method for cultivating double-cropped konjak |
| CN101946600B (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-12-19 | 云南省农科院富源魔芋研究所 | Two-year no-tillage ridge cultivation technique for konjacs |
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| CN107736207A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-27 | 四川明峰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of konjak cultivation method |
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