CN104126465A - Ryegrass and double-cropping early rice crop rotation cultivation method - Google Patents
Ryegrass and double-cropping early rice crop rotation cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126465A CN104126465A CN201410338485.5A CN201410338485A CN104126465A CN 104126465 A CN104126465 A CN 104126465A CN 201410338485 A CN201410338485 A CN 201410338485A CN 104126465 A CN104126465 A CN 104126465A
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Abstract
The invention provides a ryegrass and double-cropping early rice crop rotation cultivation method. The method specifically comprises the following steps: on 5-15 days before late rice harvest, ryegrass is inter-planted; in the middle of next March, water is irrigated and the paddy field is soaked, such that ryegrass is decomposed; water is discharged until the field is turned into a shallow paddy field; and double-cropping early rice is directly planted with a seedling-throwing manner. According to the invention, ryegrass characteristics of fast growth and low waterlogging resistance are utilized, such that growth of other weeds in the paddy field is inhibited. With the field soaking method, the ryegrass is withered and decomposed. After water discharge, early rice seedlings are planted with a tillage-free ordered seedling-throwing (spot seedling-throwing) method. According to the invention, labor and economic costs of herbicide application in the paddy field and traditional plowing are saved; herbicide harm to the environment is reduced; ryegrass can be turned into good organic fertilizer when decomposed; and paddy rice yield increase can be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural planting technique, specifically, relate to field kind perennial ryegrass prevention and control weeds in paddy field and the no-tillage rotation cropping method of losing seedling of two season early rice in a kind of winter slack
Background technology
It is no-tillage that to lose seedling (some rice transplanting) cultivation be the planting type of directly not losing seedling (some rice transplanting) rice-cultivating by ploughing soil.Losing seedling (some rice transplanting) cultivation adopts seedling-cultivating tray or paper web to bring out root with rice seedling nutritive cube, that be mutually easy to dispersion, then rice shoot is lost to throwing aloft in order together with Nutrition Soil, experience a kind ofly by throwing the process that falls, make its root with gravity, fall into a kind of cultivation of field field planting.No-tillagely lose seedling cultivation peasant is freed from the heavy physical labor of traditional cultivated land that ploughs a field, the rice transplanting of bending over; can save the labour intensity of turning over; reduce production costs; soil protection structure, improves Ecological Environment of Paddy Field, is conducive to agricultural production and changes to quality and efficiency from scalar type; and there is stabilization of rice output; be a major transformation that realizes paddy rice labor type, be conducive to promote " growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income ", there is wide popularizing application prospect.But the destruction that this process is turned over to weed seed and seedling due to shortage, effectively weeding becomes the bottleneck of no-tillage cultivation technology.Conventional method is to use in a large number weed killer herbicide at present, because weeds abundant species in zero-tillage rice field is grown rapidly, has to strengthen the consumption of steriland herbicide, makes the destruction aggravation of herbicide residue to paddy environment.
The deficiency that field in winter slack, southern area plantation Cool-Season Forage Species can supplement forage grass in winter, suppresses the growth of weeds in spring, and grass stubble also can improve the soil organic matter in field, promotes increasing production of rice.Wherein best with the effect of perennial ryegrass inhibition weeds again, be studies confirm that in a large number.But because the growth of perennial ryegrass cauline leaf is rapid, and the huge prosperity of underground root system, the agricultural machinery that is unfavorable for turning over operation, perennial ryegrass plant self also becomes an obstacle before rice cropping.At present main adopt disseminate quicklime, weed killer herbicide and the increasing modes such as dynamics of turning over of using remove perennial ryegrass, bring equally higher Financial cost and the destruction to soil environment, become a great problem of field plantation in winter slack perennial ryegrass in applying.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of perennial ryegrass prevention and control winter weeds that utilizes, and can directly carry out the cultivation method of the no-tillage covering of paddy rice.
In order to realize object of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of rotation cropping method of perennial ryegrass and two season early rice, be specially: 5-15 days interplanting perennial ryegrasses before late rice results, arrive late rice in the ranks by ryegrass seed uniform broadcasting.The soaked field decomposition perennial ryegrass of pouring water to rice field in mid-March next year, wilts perennial ryegrass branches and leaves, does not use afterwards weed killer herbicide, the whole ground of also no longer turning over, and the ditching that harrows a field discharges water to shallow water field, directly loses early rice sprouts of seedling.
As preferably, the kind of described perennial ryegrass is annual ryegrass " extra-high-speed ".This perennial ryegrass kind early growth is rapid, leafy, and early growth can effectively suppress weed growth rapidly, and the many stems of leaf can comparatively fast be wilted after pouring water in the later stage less, wilts and be covered in soil table after being conducive to pour water.
As preferably, 5-15 days interplanting perennial ryegrasses before late rice results, seeding method is uniform broadcasting, before sowing, by warm water for ryegrass seed (being advisable in 35 ℃ of left and right) immersion 5-8 hour, picks up and mixes fine sand after draining and broadcast sowing, seeding quantity is 1.5-2kg/667m
2.Select this seedtime and seeding quantity can make the growth rate of perennial ryegrass and amount of growth be enough to suppress rice field weeds in spring seedling.
Further, the soaked field of pouring water to rice field in mid-March next year, the extremely neat ridge of the depth of water (15cm left and right), waterflooding duration at least 20 days, preferably 20-30 days, can make the perennial ryegrass of utmost point intolerant to waterlogging dead, and cauline leaf softens and rots in water.
Further, at two season early rice three wholeheartedly to four of leaf leaf no-tillage seedlings of losing of one heart stage, later moistening irrigation, or open field, promote seedling young root to penetrate in soil and grow.
Further, during Ryegrass Growth, look local demand management, as neighbouring, have aquaculture demand to do herbage, can cradle 2-3 time and suitably fertilising, as without aquaculture demand, can low level management, do not need fertilising and other management.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention utilized winter growth rapidly perennial ryegrass suppressed the growths of rice field weeds in spring, then utilized the characteristic of perennial ryegrass utmost point intolerant to waterlogging, the more conventional time advance soaked field of pouring water before next year early rice rice transplanting, wilts perennial ryegrass straw decomposition, also further goes out except remaining weeds seedling.(if do not adopt in advance perennial ryegrass to control weed growth, spring, weeds growing way was vigorous, and most of weeds in paddy field are waterlogging, even if water logging is also difficult to go out, removed).Do not need to turn over again whole ground, rice field, does not need to use weed killer herbicide yet afterwards, and the trench digging that harrows a field is to shallow water in field, in three one heart stages of wholeheartedly to four of leaf leaf of early rice, loses seedling (some rice transplanting).
The present invention utilizes perennial ryegrass biological weed control to avoid using Financial cost and the pollution to environment of weed killer herbicide, and perennial ryegrass can effectively supplement the deficiency of forage grass in winter, and its grass stubble is field or a kind of good fertilizer also.It is simply effective that the soaked field method of pouring water is removed perennial ryegrass, and the human cost of traditional pattern of turning over, the drawback of having avoided the numerous and diverse obstruction of perennial ryegrass root system to turn over have been saved in no-tillage cast-transplanted cultivation.Therefore, the method for the invention has been coordinated winter kind perennial ryegrass and the pros and cons of no-tillage cast-transplanted two kinds of culture techniques effectively, is a kind of easy and simple to handle, with low cost and environmental friendliness and practical novel rotation of crops and grass planting type.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Implement ground and be positioned at Anxiang County, changde, hunan province city, farmland is double cropping rice, and other control measures are consistent.
Processing A is winter slack (not planting other crops after late rice results), turns over, and uses weed killer herbicide, transplanting.
Treatments B is winter slack, no-tillage, does not use weed killer herbicide, loses seedling.
Processing C is perennial ryegrass-no-tillage cast-transplanted, on October 20th, 2012, adopt the mode of broadcasting sowing to sow perennial ryegrass, perennial ryegrass kind is selected annual ryegrass kind " extra-high-speed ", because this area is lake region, in on January 7th, 2013, February 15, March 24, cradle respectively perennial ryegrass for breeding fish, cradle rear conventional fertilizer application at every turn.After cradling for the last time, the remaining grass stubble of institute is highly 6cm left and right, afterwards without turning over whole and using weed killer herbicide, March 29 soaked field of pouring water, perennial ryegrass branches and leaves are dispirited to being immersed in water gradually, and April 20, trench digging discharged water, and a straight flute is opened in every 6 meters of left and right, discharge water to shallow water field, rice field, the branches and leaves that now perennial ryegrass is wilted are covered in earth's surface..4 months 24 days no-tillage seedlings (early rice three leaf one heart stage) of losing.Moistening irrigation afterwards, open field several times repeatedly.
Paddy rice shooting stage investigation weeds in paddy field growing state (in Table 1), rice maturity is measured early rice output and soil organic matter content (in Table 2).
The control effect to weeds after table 1 no-tillage cast-transplanted technology is implemented
| Process | Weed density (strain/m 2) | Weeds kind (kind/m 2) | Weeds total biomass (kg/m 2) |
| A | 23 | 3 | 2.34 |
| B | 561 | 13 | 8.78 |
| C | 76 | 6 | 4.11 |
Impact on rice cropping after the enforcement of table 2 no-tillage cast-transplanted technology
Note: A is winter slack+Cultivator rice transplanting+spraying herbicide, the B winter slack+no-tillage cast-transplanted+not spraying herbicide of not turning over, and C is the spraying herbicide of winter kind perennial ryegrass+no-tillage cast-transplanted+not.
Embodiment 2
Implement ground and be positioned at Gan Sha township, Changsha County, rice field is double cropping rice, and other control measures are consistent.
Processing A is winter slack (not planting other crops after late rice results), turns over and uses weed killer herbicide, transplanting.
Treatments B is winter slack, no-tillage, does not use weed killer herbicide, loses seedling.
Processing C is winter kind perennial ryegrass+no-tillage seedling of losing, and in late October, 2012, late rice, broadcasts sowing perennial ryegrass in the ranks, and perennial ryegrass kind is annual ryegrass " extra-high-speed ", because of near farmland without aquaculture, without perennial ryegrass, as herbage, perennial ryegrass low level management, does not apply fertilizer.No longer turn over afterwards wholely, also do not use any weed killer herbicide.Started the soaked field of pouring water on March 18, now, about perennial ryegrass height of seedling 60cm, the soaked field depth of water is together to ridge.Behind 30 days, soaked field, all wilt April 20 trench digging of perennial ryegrass branches and leaves discharges water to shallow water field, and now perennial ryegrass branches and leaves are covered in earth's surface, no-tillage, and April 25 was lost seedling in four one heart stages of leaf of early rice.
Paddy rice shooting stage investigation weeds in paddy field growing state (in Table 3), rice maturity is measured early rice output and soil organic matter content (in Table 4).
Each processes the control effect to weeds in paddy field table 3
| Process | Weed density (strain/m 2) | Weeds kind (kind/m 2) | Weeds total biomass (kg/m 2) |
| A | 56 | 3 | 2.55 |
| B | 498 | 14 | 9.13 |
| C | 78 | 6 | 4.56 |
Each processes the impact on rice cropping table 4
Note: A is winter slack+Cultivator rice transplanting+spraying herbicide, the B winter slack+no-tillage cast-transplanted+not spraying herbicide of not turning over, and C is the spraying herbicide of winter kind perennial ryegrass+no-tillage cast-transplanted+not.
Comprehensive embodiment 1,2 is visible, and the anti-weeds in rice field of the present invention and the no-tillage cultivation method of losing seedling of two season early rice all greatly reduce weeds in paddy field kind and biomass, prevention and control weeds effect to turn over and to use the effect of weed killer herbicide similar.Illustrate that winter kind perennial ryegrass has good inhibitory action to weeds, slowed down and used the harm of weed killer herbicide to environment.Perennial ryegrass is substantially dead after soaked, and withered perennial ryegrass rhizome is field also, loses seedling cultivation and is connected with no-tillage, has saved the labour costs of turning over.Winter, kind perennial ryegrass do not affect later stage paddy growth through soaked after withered, increased on the contrary soil organic matter content, improved rice yield.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the rotation cropping method of a perennial ryegrass and two season early rice, it is characterized in that, described method is: 5-15 days interplanting perennial ryegrasses before late rice results, the soaked field decomposition perennial ryegrass of pouring water to rice field in mid-March next year, discharge water to shallow water field, directly lose early rice of two season of seedling.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the kind of described perennial ryegrass is annual ryegrass " extra-high-speed ".
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 5-15 days interplanting perennial ryegrasses before late rice results, and seeding method is uniform broadcasting, seeding quantity is 1.5-2kg/667m
2.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the soaked field of pouring water to rice field in mid-March next year, and the depth of water is to neat ridge.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, waterflooding duration at least 20 days.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, waterflooding duration is 20-30 days.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at two season early rice three wholeheartedly to four of leaf leaf no-tillage seedlings of losing of one heart stage, later moistening irrigation, or open field, promote seedling young root to penetrate in soil and grows.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, during Ryegrass Growth, can apply fertilizer and cradle as herbage.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104381068A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-04 | 江西省润邦农业开发集团有限公司 | Crop rotation method for southern rice areas |
| CN106034652A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-26 | 太仓市雅丰农场专业合作社 | Method for improving water quality of rice fields by planting ryegrass |
| CN107094558A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method that use rye grass improves double cropping of rice yield with straw-returning section fertilizer |
| CN108432577A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-24 | 戴庆凯 | A kind of rice wheat rotation implantation methods |
| CN109429918A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-08 | 邵勇军 | A kind of cereal-forage rotation method |
| CN111713356A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-29 | 香格里拉市秘域绿佳农业发展有限责任公司 | Pesticide-free rice planting method |
| CN114532125A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for reducing harm of weeds in rice field |
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| JP2004173919A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-06-24 | Matsunaga Seisakusho:Kk | Mechanism for attaching tackle brake |
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| JP2004173919A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-06-24 | Matsunaga Seisakusho:Kk | Mechanism for attaching tackle brake |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104381068A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-04 | 江西省润邦农业开发集团有限公司 | Crop rotation method for southern rice areas |
| CN106034652A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-26 | 太仓市雅丰农场专业合作社 | Method for improving water quality of rice fields by planting ryegrass |
| CN107094558A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method that use rye grass improves double cropping of rice yield with straw-returning section fertilizer |
| CN108432577A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-24 | 戴庆凯 | A kind of rice wheat rotation implantation methods |
| CN109429918A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-08 | 邵勇军 | A kind of cereal-forage rotation method |
| CN111713356A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-29 | 香格里拉市秘域绿佳农业发展有限责任公司 | Pesticide-free rice planting method |
| CN114532125A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for reducing harm of weeds in rice field |
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Application publication date: 20141105 |
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