CN108243870A - A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology - Google Patents
A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108243870A CN108243870A CN201810043441.8A CN201810043441A CN108243870A CN 108243870 A CN108243870 A CN 108243870A CN 201810043441 A CN201810043441 A CN 201810043441A CN 108243870 A CN108243870 A CN 108243870A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technologies, include the following steps:A, site preparation;B, basal dressing;C, it ploughs and cultivates:Soil plough using farming machine and is cultivated, 50 70cm of corn breadth ditches between width and width, enough wide 8 12cm, deep 8 12cm;D, it sows:The amount of broadcasting is controlled in 9.0 10.5 ten thousand plants/hm2;E, it is laid with drip irrigation zone:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in ditch, every hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters;F, seedling management;G, it pours water, top dressing;H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control;I, it harvests.The trickle irrigation maize culture new technology is integrated trickle irrigation, furrow irrigation and bed planting corn technology and one, the technology reduces the exposed surface of irrigation water by trickle irrigation ditch, effectively reduce Evaporation among plants, water-saving aspect reaches and the existing comparable effect of under-film drip irrigation corn, while " white pollution " caused by avoiding mulch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation technical field more particularly to a kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technologies.
Background technology
Oasis refers in large scale Desert Background matrix, and with small range scale, but the biocoene with considerable scale is
Basis, be configured to stablize relatively maintenance, there is the heterogeneous ecoscape of apparent minor climate effect.The biota of considerable scale
Fall the systematicness that can ensure oasis in the stability and structure on room and time;Its minor climate effect then ensure that green
Continent can have the suitable climatic environment of the mankind and the activity of other biotic populations, advantageously form the life of landscape ecological healthy growth
Object chain structure.
In order to improve the utilization ratio to Oasis irrigation district water resource, the present invention provides a kind of cultivations of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation corn
Train new technology.
Invention content
Technical problems based on background technology, the present invention propose a kind of new skill of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture
Art.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology, includes the following steps:
A, site preparation:Winter irrigation should be carried out after determining to corn planting as possible, so as to spring in next year optimum period site preparation, sowing;Spring
Soil should harrow a kind of farm tools, suppression in time after thawing, be preserved soil moisture with profit;Mid-March starts site preparation, according to preceding crop type, deep ploughs in time
Or rotary tillage makes that soil plough horizon is loose, surfacing;
B, basal dressing:Pure N, P are applied with reference to site preparation2O5、K2O and ZnSO4;
C, it ploughs and cultivates:Soil plough using farming machine and is cultivated, corn breadth 50-70cm ditches between width and width, enough width 8-
12cm, depth 8-12cm;
D, it sows:The phenological period of Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn seeding is the local apricot time that the flowers are in blossom puts, generally in 4 months
Ten days;The early sowing as far as possible under the premise of local Late frost is avoided should be seeked advice from before broadcasting to meteorological department;During sowing, every width plants two rows
Corn, line-spacing 35-45cm, corn is away from furrow center 12-18cm;Generally form wide-narrow row planting structure;
E, it is laid with drip irrigation zone:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in furrow;After dry, branch, hollow billet are once be installed to plot, rigorous agriculture
Machine, farm implements roll, scraping collision to pipeline, and external force damage is avoided to reduce service life;
F, seedling management:Seedling being looked into time after emergence, being filled the gaps with seedlings, being short of seedling, serious plot will be filled the gaps with seedlings in time, be ensured as possible
Full stand;It fills the gaps with seedlings preferably with cultivating seedlings and transplanting method;Corn seed producing field should suitably restrain the growth of seedlings to promote children according to restraining the growth of seedlings principle in seedling stage
It pricks under seedling root system, lays a solid foundation for high yield;
G, it pours water, top dressing:The normal year Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn field time of infertility generally pours water 7-8 times, with reference to pouring water
Top dressing 3 times;
H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:It is prevented with method common in corn conventional cultivation;
I, it harvests:The mark of corn maturation is kind of the formation of base black layer and the disappearance of milk-line, and ripe seed should
Harvest in time.
Preferably, in the step B, pure N 75-100kg/hm are applied with reference to site preparation2、P2O5 180-200kg/hm2、K2O
80-110kg/hm2And ZnSO4 12-18kg/hm2。
Preferably, in the step B, pure N 90kg/hm are applied with reference to site preparation2、P2O5 190kg/hm2、K2O 90kg/hm2
And ZnSO4 15kg/hm2。
Preferably, in the step D, the amount of broadcasting is controlled in ten thousand plants/hm of 9.0-10.52。
Preferably, in the step E, every hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters.
Preferably, it in the step G, combines per hectare of pouring water in the jointing stage and imposes urea 100-150kg, in typhon
Mouth phase per hectare imposes urea 280-320kg, and per hectare imposes urea 100-150kg or imposes ammonium bicarbonate 200- in the watery stage
300kg。
Preferably, in the step H, the current corn seed producing field disease in the area mainly has head smut, gall smut, top
Maize ear rot, rust, insect pest mainly have aphid, red spider, wireworm, corn borer, bollworm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:The invention discloses a kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology, including
Following steps:A, site preparation;B, basal dressing;C, it ploughs and cultivates:Using farming machine by soil carry out plough cultivate, corn breadth 50-70cm, width with
It ditches between width, enough width 8-12cm, depth 8-12cm;D, it sows:The amount of broadcasting is controlled in ten thousand plants/hm of 9.0-10.52;E, it is laid with trickle irrigation
Band:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in ditch, every hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters;F, seedling management;G, it pours water, top dressing;
H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control;I, it harvests.The trickle irrigation maize culture new technology is to integrate trickle irrigation, furrow irrigation and bed planting corn technology and one,
The technology reduces the exposed surface of irrigation water by trickle irrigation ditch, effectively reduces Evaporation among plants, and water-saving aspect reaches and existing film
The lower comparable effect of trickle irrigation corn, while " white pollution " caused by avoiding mulch..
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology, includes the following steps:
A, site preparation:Winter irrigation should be carried out after determining to corn planting as possible, so as to spring in next year optimum period site preparation, sowing;Spring
Soil should harrow a kind of farm tools, suppression in time after thawing, be preserved soil moisture with profit;Mid-March starts site preparation, according to preceding crop type, deep ploughs in time
Or rotary tillage makes that soil plough horizon is loose, surfacing;
B, basal dressing:Pure N 90kg/hm are applied with reference to site preparation2、P2O5 190kg/hm2、K2O 90kg/hm2And ZnSO4
15kg/hm2。
C, it ploughs and cultivates:Soil plough using farming machine and is cultivated, corn breadth 60cm ditches between width and width, enough width 10cm,
Deep 10cm;
D, it sows:The phenological period of Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn seeding is the local apricot time that the flowers are in blossom puts, generally in 4 months
Ten days;The early sowing as far as possible under the premise of local Late frost is avoided should be seeked advice from before broadcasting to meteorological department;During sowing, every width plants two rows
Corn, line-spacing 40cm, corn is away from furrow center 15cm;Generally form the wide-narrow row planting structure of 40cm, 30cm;
E, it is laid with drip irrigation zone:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in furrow, every hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters;Dry,
After branch, hollow billet are once be installed to plot, rigorous agricultural machinery, farm implements roll, scraping collision to pipeline, and external force damage is avoided to reduce and uses the longevity
Life;
F, seedling management:Seedling being looked into time after emergence, being filled the gaps with seedlings, being short of seedling, serious plot will be filled the gaps with seedlings in time, be ensured as possible
Full stand;It fills the gaps with seedlings preferably with cultivating seedlings and transplanting method;Corn seed producing field should suitably restrain the growth of seedlings to promote children according to restraining the growth of seedlings principle in seedling stage
It pricks under seedling root system, lays a solid foundation for high yield;
G, it pours water, top dressing:The normal year Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn field time of infertility generally pours water 7-8 times, with reference to pouring water
Top dressing 3 times;Per hectare of pouring water is combined in the jointing stage and imposes urea 120kg, and urea 300kg is imposed in typhon mouth phase per hectare,
Per hectare imposes urea 120kg or imposes ammonium bicarbonate 250kg in the watery stage;
H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:It is prevented with method common in corn conventional cultivation;The current corn seed producing field disease master in the area
There are head smut, gall smut, top rot, rust, insect pest mainly has aphid, red spider, wireworm, corn borer, bollworm;
I, it harvests:The mark of corn maturation is kind of the formation of base black layer and the disappearance of milk-line, and ripe seed should
Harvest in time.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology, includes the following steps:
A, site preparation:Winter irrigation should be carried out after determining to corn planting as possible, so as to spring in next year optimum period site preparation, sowing;Spring
Soil should harrow a kind of farm tools, suppression in time after thawing, be preserved soil moisture with profit;Mid-March starts site preparation, according to preceding crop type, deep ploughs in time
Or rotary tillage makes that soil plough horizon is loose, surfacing;
B, basal dressing:Pure N 75kg/hm are applied with reference to site preparation2、P2O5 200kg/hm2、K2O 80kg/hm2And ZnSO4
18kg/hm2。
C, it ploughs and cultivates:Soil plough using farming machine and is cultivated, corn breadth 50cm ditches between width and width, enough width 12cm,
Deep 8cm;
D, it sows:The phenological period of Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn seeding is the local apricot time that the flowers are in blossom puts, generally in 4 months
Ten days;The early sowing as far as possible under the premise of local Late frost is avoided should be seeked advice from before broadcasting to meteorological department;During sowing, every width plants two rows
Corn, line-spacing 45cm, corn is away from furrow center 12cm;Generally form wide-narrow row planting structure;
E, it is laid with drip irrigation zone:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in furrow, every hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters;Dry,
After branch, hollow billet are once be installed to plot, rigorous agricultural machinery, farm implements roll, scraping collision to pipeline, and external force damage is avoided to reduce and uses the longevity
Life;
F, seedling management:Seedling being looked into time after emergence, being filled the gaps with seedlings, being short of seedling, serious plot will be filled the gaps with seedlings in time, be ensured as possible
Full stand;It fills the gaps with seedlings preferably with cultivating seedlings and transplanting method;Corn seed producing field should suitably restrain the growth of seedlings to promote children according to restraining the growth of seedlings principle in seedling stage
It pricks under seedling root system, lays a solid foundation for high yield;
G, it pours water, top dressing:The normal year Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn field time of infertility generally pours water 7-8 times, with reference to pouring water
Top dressing 3 times;Per hectare of pouring water is combined in the jointing stage and imposes urea 100kg, and urea 320kg is imposed in typhon mouth phase per hectare,
Per hectare imposes urea 100kg in the watery stage;
H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:It is prevented with method common in corn conventional cultivation;The current corn seed producing field disease master in the area
There are head smut, gall smut, top rot, rust, insect pest mainly has aphid, red spider, wireworm, corn borer, bollworm;
I, it harvests:The mark of corn maturation is kind of the formation of base black layer and the disappearance of milk-line, and ripe seed should
Harvest in time.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology, includes the following steps:
A, site preparation:Winter irrigation should be carried out after determining to corn planting as possible, so as to spring in next year optimum period site preparation, sowing;Spring
Soil should harrow a kind of farm tools, suppression in time after thawing, be preserved soil moisture with profit;Mid-March starts site preparation, according to preceding crop type, deep ploughs in time
Or rotary tillage makes that soil plough horizon is loose, surfacing;
B, basal dressing:Pure N 100kg/hm are applied with reference to site preparation2、P2O5 180kg/hm2、K2O 110kg/hm2And ZnSO4
12kg/hm2;
C, it ploughs and cultivates:Soil plough using farming machine and is cultivated, corn breadth 70cm ditches between width and width, enough width 8cm,
Deep 12cm;
D, it sows:The phenological period of Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn seeding is the local apricot time that the flowers are in blossom puts, generally in 4 months
Ten days;The early sowing as far as possible under the premise of local Late frost is avoided should be seeked advice from before broadcasting to meteorological department;During sowing, every width plants two rows
Corn, line-spacing 35cm, corn is away from furrow center 18cm;Generally form wide-narrow row planting structure;
E, it is laid with drip irrigation zone:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in furrow, every hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters;Dry,
After branch, hollow billet are once be installed to plot, rigorous agricultural machinery, farm implements roll, scraping collision to pipeline, and external force damage is avoided to reduce and uses the longevity
Life;
F, seedling management:Seedling being looked into time after emergence, being filled the gaps with seedlings, being short of seedling, serious plot will be filled the gaps with seedlings in time, be ensured as possible
Full stand;It fills the gaps with seedlings preferably with cultivating seedlings and transplanting method;Corn seed producing field should suitably restrain the growth of seedlings to promote children according to restraining the growth of seedlings principle in seedling stage
It pricks under seedling root system, lays a solid foundation for high yield;
G, it pours water, top dressing:The normal year Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn field time of infertility generally pours water 7-8 times, with reference to pouring water
Top dressing 3 times;Per hectare of pouring water is combined in the jointing stage and imposes urea 150kg, and urea 280kg is imposed in typhon mouth phase per hectare,
Per hectare imposes ammonium bicarbonate 300kg in the watery stage;
H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:It is prevented with method common in corn conventional cultivation;The current corn seed producing field disease master in the area
There are head smut, gall smut, top rot, rust, insect pest mainly has aphid, red spider, wireworm, corn borer, bollworm;
I, it harvests:The mark of corn maturation is kind of the formation of base black layer and the disappearance of milk-line, and ripe seed should
Harvest in time.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
A, site preparation:Winter irrigation should be carried out after determining to corn planting as possible, so as to spring in next year optimum period site preparation, sowing;Spring soil
A kind of farm tools, suppression should be harrowed after defrosting in time, is preserved soil moisture with profit;Mid-March starts site preparation, according to preceding crop type, deep ploughing in time or rotation
Ploughing makes that soil plough horizon is loose, surfacing;
B, basal dressing:Pure N, P are applied with reference to site preparation2O5、K2O and ZnSO4;
C, it ploughs and cultivates:Soil plough using farming machine and is cultivated, corn breadth 50-70cm ditches between width and width, enough width 8-
12cm, depth 8-12cm;
D, it sows:The phenological period of Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn seeding is the local apricot time that the flowers are in blossom puts, generally mid-April;It broadcasts
Before should to meteorological department seek advice from the early sowing as far as possible under the premise of local Late frost is avoided;During sowing, every width plants two row corns,
Line-spacing 35-45cm, corn is away from furrow center 12-18cm;Generally form wide-narrow row planting structure;
E, it is laid with drip irrigation zone:The parallel laid drip irrigation zone in furrow;After dry, branch, hollow billet are once be installed to plot, rigorous agricultural machinery,
Farm implements roll, scraping collision to pipeline, and external force damage is avoided to reduce service life;
F, seedling management:Seedling being looked into time after emergence, being filled the gaps with seedlings, being short of seedling, serious plot will be filled the gaps with seedlings in time, ensure full stand as possible;
It fills the gaps with seedlings preferably with cultivating seedlings and transplanting method;Corn seed producing field should suitably restrain the growth of seedlings to promote seedlings root according to restraining the growth of seedlings principle in seedling stage
Lower bundle is laid a solid foundation for high yield;
G, it pours water, top dressing:The normal year Irrigation Area of Hexi Oasis corn field time of infertility generally pours water 7-8 times, with reference to top dressing 3 of pouring water
It is secondary;
H, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:It is prevented with method common in corn conventional cultivation;
I, it harvests:The mark of corn maturation is kind of the formation of base black layer and the disappearance of milk-line, and ripe seed should be timely
Harvest.
2. trickle irrigation maize culture new technology in Oasis irrigation district as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step B, knot
It closes site preparation and applies pure N 75-100kg/hm2、P2O5 180-200kg/hm2、K2O 80-110kg/hm2And ZnSO4 12-18kg/hm2。
3. trickle irrigation maize culture new technology in Oasis irrigation district as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step B, knot
It closes site preparation and applies pure N 90kg/hm2、P2O5 190kg/hm2、K2O 90kg/hm2And ZnSO4 15kg/hm2。
4. trickle irrigation maize culture new technology in Oasis irrigation district as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step D, broadcast
Amount control is in ten thousand plants/hm of 9.0-10.52。
5. trickle irrigation maize culture new technology in Oasis irrigation district as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step E, often
Hollow billet length generally must not exceed 80 meters.
6. trickle irrigation maize culture new technology in Oasis irrigation district as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step G,
Jointing stage combines per hectare of pouring water and imposes urea 100-150kg, and urea 280-320kg is imposed in typhon mouth phase per hectare,
Pustulation period per hectare imposes urea 100-150kg or imposes ammonium bicarbonate 200-300kg.
7. trickle irrigation maize culture new technology in Oasis irrigation district as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that, should in the step H
The current corn seed producing field disease in area mainly has head smut, gall smut, top rot, rust, and insect pest mainly has aphid, red spider
Spider, wireworm, corn borer, bollworm.
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CN110226474A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-13 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | A kind of water-saving spy moisture in the soil type of seeding of corn |
CN112931121A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Simple green planting method suitable for same-species simultaneous harvest of leguminous green manure and forage corn |
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CN112931121A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Simple green planting method suitable for same-species simultaneous harvest of leguminous green manure and forage corn |
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Application publication date: 20180706 |