CN107182526A - A kind of implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum Download PDFInfo
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- CN107182526A CN107182526A CN201710543869.4A CN201710543869A CN107182526A CN 107182526 A CN107182526 A CN 107182526A CN 201710543869 A CN201710543869 A CN 201710543869A CN 107182526 A CN107182526 A CN 107182526A
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- corn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum, comprise the following steps:(1) site preparation;(2) seeding corn:Corn is planted using width between-line spacing, wide row width 155cm~170cm, narrow row width 60cm~75cm, and two drip irrigation zones of laying, are sowed using bunch planting pattern under film in narrow row;(3) capsicum is planted:Capsicum is interplanted in drip irrigation corn wide row, is transplanted seedlings plantation using overlay film, and a drip irrigation zone is laid in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row, and 2 row capsicums are respectively planted in drip irrigation zone both sides;(4) seedling stage and growth phase field management;(5) harvest.The present invention is advantageous in that:(1) corn and capsicum each obtain higher per unit area yield yield, and benefit is obvious;(2) supplied water using independent water band, it is ensured that the two respective liquid manure supply, effective guarantee is provided for volume increase;(3) maize straw, the direct wrong row plantation in situ of Second Year, has both conserved arable land well, and same arable land inside is realized again and leads stubble.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of crops, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum, category
In agricultural plantation technology field.
Background technology
Corn is grain, feed, processing, the polynary purposes crop of the energy, has act in China's agricultural production and national economy
The effect of sufficient weight.Arid is probably the most important factor for limiting crop yield in the world, in northern China due to prolonging
The drought stress that irrigation or irregular precipitation are caused late seriously governs high crop yield stable yields.
North Xinjiang in 1996 introduces drip irrigation technique, and Xinjiang is creative to be combined engineering teaching and Agricultural Water Saving, shape
Into the drip irrigation under film with New function, and corresponding product is developed, with water saving, section is fertile, save land, save machine power, section
Manually, heat, suppress weeds in field growth, keep and improve soil granular structure, raise labour productivity and can be in good time, suitable
Amount meets requirement of the crop each breeding time to water and nutrient, improves water, fertilizer, the air and heat growing environment of plant growth etc. comprehensively all
Many advantages.
The characteristics of drip irrigation technique is due to its high-efficiency water-saving and promoted the use of a large area in Xinjiang, end the end of the year 2015, drip irrigation
Technology has promoted 2,790,000 hectares in Xinjiang, and 80% area is there are about at present using drip irrigation Fertigation technology, is achieved well
Economy and ecological benefits.
Corn drip irrigation technology is that Condition in North Xinjiang is directed to actual production demand, on the basis of drip irrigation for cotton technology, overlay film kind
A kind of new irrigation technique that planting technology is combined with drip irrigation technique, is the revolution to cereal crops irrigation method.Liquid manure
It is the material guarantee of agricultural sustainable development, is the basis of increases in grain production, while water and fertilizer is arid, semiarid zone influence agricultural
The key constraints of production, therefore improve the important management objectives that water and fertile utilization rate are agricultural productions.But drip irrigation bar
With there is larger difference in the liquid manure supplying mode under part, irrigate has larger difference with fertilizer practice and pattern on other Irrigations
It is different.
Plant is tall and big, and breathing and photosynthesis are strong, are typical C4 crops, pepper plant is relatively short and small, compares happiness
The moon, the two has different adaptability to strong light.Two kinds of crop interplantings play the role of mutually to utilize, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, improve yield.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of respective per unit area yield yield height, the kind of the obvious drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum of benefit
Plant method.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step1:Site preparation
The preceding deep placement base fertilizer of sowing simultaneously flattens ground;
Step2:Seeding corn and pipe laying
Corn is planted using width between-line spacing, wide row width 155cm~170cm, narrow row width 60cm~75cm, in narrow row
Two drip irrigation zones, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 8cm~12cm are laid, is sowed using bunch planting pattern under film, hill spacing 34cm,
Per 3, cave, sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing are completed using seeder;
Step3:Transplant seedlings and plant capsicum and pipe laying
Capsicum is interplanted in drip irrigation corn wide row, is transplanted seedlings plantation using overlay film, the laying one in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row
Respectively plant 2 row capsicums, drip irrigation zone and pepper planting row distance 15cm, pepper planting line-spacing 15cm, cave in drip irrigation zone, drip irrigation zone both sides
Away from 22cm;
Step4:Seedling stage field management
Corn is supplied water with capsicum using independent water band, after planting, is connected hollow billet on the stringing of field, is oozed Miao Shui, according to
Soil moisture content is per 667m2Corn drips 10m3~13m3, per 667m2Capsicum is dripped 12m3~15m3, apply that respectively to ooze seedling special with water droplet
With fertile 1.5kg~2kg;
Step5:Growth phase field management
Capsicum row soil moisture content is kept between the 65%~85% of maximum field capacity by drip irrigation, in drip irrigation mistake
Topdressed in journey with appropriate amount of water;
When corn shoot upper blade is rolled, start the first water of corn row and irrigate, corn row is kept by drip irrigation afterwards
Soil moisture content is topdressed between the 70%~85% of maximum field capacity during drip irrigation with appropriate amount of water;
Step6:Harvest
When capsicum and corn reach the respective harvest best opportunity, harvested, afterwards corn stalk returning to the field, Second Year
Without the rotation of crops, directly wrong row plantation in situ.
Foregoing implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step2, drip irrigation corn wide row width 160cm, narrow row width
70cm, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 10cm.
Foregoing implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step3, capsicum sowing line-spacing 15cm.
Foregoing implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step4, water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled according to the soil texture, husky
Loam corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow control 2.4L/H~2.8L/H, capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow control 2.6L/H~
3.0L/H, loam corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow controls to exist in 2.2L/H~2.6L/H, the control of capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow
2.4L/H~2.6L/H, clay corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow is controlled in 1.8L/H~2.2L/H, capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow
Control is in 2.0L/H~2.4L/H.
Foregoing implantation methods, it is characterised in that in Step5, are irrigated for the water of corn row first, according to soil moisture content
Per 667m2Drip 25m3~30m3, Fertigation.
The present invention is advantageous in that:
(1) corn is C4 crops, and plant is tall and big, like strong light, and pepper plant is relatively short and small, it is cloudy to compare happiness, and the two is to strong
Light has different adaptability, after corn and capsicum interplanting, and corn is that capsicum blocks strong light, there is provided cool place, capsicum
In the presence of demand of the corn to strong light can't be influenceed, so corn and capsicum each obtain higher per unit area yield yield, benefit
Substantially;
(2) corn is supplied water with capsicum using independent water band, it is ensured that the two respective liquid manure supply, has been provided for volume increase
Effect is ensured;
(3) corn is planted using width between-line spacing, by corn stalk returning to the field after harvesting, the directly in situ wrong row kind of Second Year
Plant, has not only conserved arable land, and has realized same arable land inside and led stubble well.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the implantation methods of the present invention.
Embodiment
Make specific introduce to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Reference picture 1, the implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum of the invention are primarily referred to as:
(1) corn is planted using width between-line spacing, and wide row width 155cm~170cm, narrow row width 60cm~75cm are narrow
Two drip irrigation zones (shown in solid) of laying in row, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 8cm~12cm;
(2) capsicum interplanting lays a drip irrigation zone (dotted line institute in drip irrigation corn wide row in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row
Show), 2 row capsicums, drip irrigation zone and pepper planting row distance 15cm, pepper planting line-spacing 15cm are respectively planted in drip irrigation zone both sides.
Embodiment 1:Glade town (the soil texture of Changji city in 2016:Sandy loam)
Step1:Site preparation
The preceding deep placement base fertilizer of sowing simultaneously flattens ground.
Step2:Seeding corn and pipe laying
Corn variety:Dongdan 6531.
Corn is planted using width between-line spacing, wide row width 160cm, narrow row width 70cm, two drip irrigations of laying in narrow row
Band, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 12cm, sowing is using bunch planting pattern under film, when the ground temperature of soil 5cm depths reaches 12
DEG C when start sowing (sowing date be 8-April 13 April), select the mulch film that 1m is wide, hill spacing 34cm, depth 4.5cm, per cave 3
Grain, sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing are completed using air-aspiration type precision planter.
Step3:Transplant seedlings and plant capsicum and pipe laying
Capsicum variety:Hong'an six.
Capsicum is interplanted in drip irrigation corn wide row, is transplanted seedlings plantation using overlay film, the laying one in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row
Drip irrigation zone, selects the mulch film that 90cm is wide, and overlay film is respectively transplanted seedlings in drip irrigation zone both sides plant 2 row capsicums afterwards, and the plantation date of transplanting seedlings is 4
The moon 18, drip irrigation zone and pepper planting row distance 15cm, pepper planting line-spacing 15cm, hill spacing 22cm.
Step4:Seedling stage field management
Corn is supplied water with capsicum using independent water band, after planting, is connected hollow billet on the stringing of field, is oozed Miao Shui, according to
Soil moisture content is per 667m2Corn drips 12m3, per 667m2Capsicum is dripped 13m3, with water droplet apply corn ooze seedling special fertilizer 2kg, it is peppery
Green pepper oozes seedling special fertilizer 2kg.
Water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled according to the soil texture (sandy loam), corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow is controlled in 2.6L/
H, capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled in 2.8L/H.
Step5:Growth phase field management
Capsicum row soil moisture content is kept between the 65%~80% of maximum field capacity by drip irrigation, in drip irrigation mistake
Topdressed in journey with appropriate amount of water.
First water irrigation time of appropriate delay corn row, when corn shoot upper blade is rolled, starts corn row the
One water is irrigated, according to soil moisture content per 667m2Drip 25m3~30m3, Fertigation, afterwards pass through drip irrigation keep corn row soil
Water content is topdressed between the 70%~85% of maximum field capacity during drip irrigation with appropriate amount of water.
Step6:Harvest
At the beginning of September, capsicum all reddens, and has sound during shake, the harvest best opportunity of capsicum has now been arrived, using small-sized receipts
The machine of obtaining is harvested.
By the end of September, bracteal leaf of corn turns to be yellow, seed is hardened, black layer occurs in seed embryo back side base portion, milk-line disappears, showed
The intrinsic color and luster of this kind, has now arrived the harvest corn best opportunity, is harvested using suitable cropper, by jade after harvesting
Rice is returned crop stocks to the field, and Second Year is without the rotation of crops, directly wrong row plantation in situ.
Through statistics, corn per mu yield 825kg, capsicum per mu yield 2600kg after interplanting, respective per unit area yield yield are obtained for raising, imitate
It is beneficial obvious.
Embodiment 2:The 21 10 company's (soil textures of the second teacher of the Production and Construction Corps of Xinjiang in 2016:Loam)
Step1:Site preparation
The preceding deep placement base fertilizer of sowing simultaneously flattens ground.
Step2:Seeding corn and pipe laying
Corn variety:Step on sea 77.
Corn is planted using width between-line spacing, wide row width 165cm, narrow row width 65cm, two drip irrigations of laying in narrow row
Band, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 10cm, sowing is using bunch planting pattern under film, when the ground temperature of soil 5cm depths reaches 12
DEG C when start sowing (sowing date be 15-April 18 April), select the mulch film that 1m is wide, hill spacing 34cm, depth 4.5cm, per cave 3
Grain, sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing are completed using air-aspiration type precision planter.
Step3:Transplant seedlings and plant capsicum and pipe laying
Capsicum variety:Stone line two.
Capsicum is interplanted in drip irrigation corn wide row, is transplanted seedlings plantation using overlay film, the laying one in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row
Drip irrigation zone, selects the mulch film that 90cm is wide, and overlay film is respectively transplanted seedlings in drip irrigation zone both sides plant 2 row capsicums afterwards, and the plantation date of transplanting seedlings is 4
The moon 19, drip irrigation zone and pepper planting row distance 15cm, pepper planting line-spacing 15cm, hill spacing 22cm.
Step4:Seedling stage field management
Corn is supplied water with capsicum using independent water band, after planting, is connected hollow billet on the stringing of field, is oozed Miao Shui, according to
Soil moisture content is per 667m2Corn drips 15m3, per 667m2Capsicum is dripped 9m3, with water droplet apply corn ooze seedling special fertilizer 1.8kg,
Capsicum oozes seedling special fertilizer 1.8kg.
Water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled according to the soil texture (loam), corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow is controlled in 2.2L/H,
Capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled in 2.6L/H.
Step5:Growth phase field management
Capsicum row soil moisture content is kept between the 65%~85% of maximum field capacity by drip irrigation, in drip irrigation mistake
Topdressed in journey with appropriate amount of water.
First water irrigation time of appropriate delay corn row, when corn shoot upper blade is rolled, starts corn row the
One water is irrigated, according to soil moisture content per 667m2Drip 25m3~30m3, Fertigation, afterwards pass through drip irrigation keep corn row soil
Water content is topdressed between the 70%~85% of maximum field capacity during drip irrigation with appropriate amount of water.
Step6:Harvest
By the end of August, capsicum all reddens, and has sound during shake, the harvest best opportunity of capsicum has now been arrived, using small-sized receipts
The machine of obtaining is harvested.
By the end of September, bracteal leaf of corn turns to be yellow, seed is hardened, black layer occurs in seed embryo back side base portion, milk-line disappears, showed
The intrinsic color and luster of this kind, has now arrived the harvest corn best opportunity, is harvested using suitable cropper, by jade after harvesting
Rice is returned crop stocks to the field, and Second Year is without the rotation of crops, directly wrong row plantation in situ.
Through statistics, corn per mu yield 860kg, capsicum per mu yield 2647kg after interplanting, respective per unit area yield yield are obtained for raising, imitate
It is beneficial obvious.
Embodiment 3:Ge Xing townshiies (the soil texture of Bazhou Areas Yan Qi counties seven in 2016:Clay)
Step1:Site preparation
The preceding deep placement base fertilizer of sowing simultaneously flattens ground.
Step2:Seeding corn and pipe laying
Corn variety:9384.
Corn is planted using width between-line spacing, wide row width 155cm, narrow row width 75cm, two drip irrigations of laying in narrow row
Band, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 11cm, sowing is using bunch planting pattern under film, when the ground temperature of soil 5cm depths reaches 12
DEG C when start sowing (sowing date be 7-April 8 April), select the mulch film that 1m is wide, hill spacing 34cm, depth 5cm, per 3, cave,
Sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing are completed using air-aspiration type precision planter.
Step3:Transplant seedlings and plant capsicum and pipe laying
Capsicum variety:Hong'an six.
Capsicum is interplanted in drip irrigation corn wide row, is transplanted seedlings plantation using overlay film, the laying one in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row
Drip irrigation zone, selects the mulch film that 90cm is wide, and overlay film is respectively transplanted seedlings in drip irrigation zone both sides plant 2 row capsicums afterwards, and the plantation date of transplanting seedlings is 4
The moon 15, drip irrigation zone and pepper planting row distance 15cm, pepper planting line-spacing 15cm, hill spacing 22cm.
Step4:Seedling stage field management
Corn is supplied water with capsicum using independent water band, after planting, is connected hollow billet on the stringing of field, is oozed Miao Shui, according to
Soil moisture content is per 667m2Corn drips 14m3, per 667m2Capsicum is dripped 10m3, with water droplet apply corn ooze seedling special fertilizer 1.5kg,
Capsicum oozes seedling special fertilizer 1.5kg.
Water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled according to the soil texture (clay), corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow is controlled in 2.2L/H,
Capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow is controlled in 2.4L/H.
Step5:Growth phase field management
Capsicum row soil moisture content is kept between the 65%~80% of maximum field capacity by drip irrigation, in drip irrigation mistake
Topdressed in journey with appropriate amount of water.
First water irrigation time of appropriate delay corn row, when corn shoot upper blade is rolled, starts corn row the
One water is irrigated, according to soil moisture content per 667m2Drip 25m3~30m3, Fertigation, afterwards pass through drip irrigation keep corn row soil
Water content is topdressed between the 70%~85% of maximum field capacity during drip irrigation with appropriate amount of water.
Step6:Harvest
By the end of August, capsicum all reddens, and has sound during shake, the harvest best opportunity of capsicum has now been arrived, using small-sized receipts
The machine of obtaining is harvested.
By the end of September, bracteal leaf of corn turns to be yellow, seed is hardened, black layer occurs in seed embryo back side base portion, milk-line disappears, showed
The intrinsic color and luster of this kind, has now arrived the harvest corn best opportunity, is harvested using suitable cropper, by jade after harvesting
Rice is returned crop stocks to the field, and Second Year is without the rotation of crops, directly wrong row plantation in situ.
Through statistics, corn per mu yield 1198kg, capsicum per mu yield 3282kg after interplanting, respective per unit area yield yield are obtained for raising,
Benefit is obvious.
It should be noted that the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, all use equivalent substitutions or equivalent change
The technical scheme that the mode changed is obtained, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods of drip irrigation interplanting corn capsicum, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step1:Site preparation
The preceding deep placement base fertilizer of sowing simultaneously flattens ground;
Step2:Seeding corn and pipe laying
Corn is planted using width between-line spacing, wide row width 155cm~170cm, narrow row width 60cm~75cm, is laid in narrow row
Two drip irrigation zones, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 8cm~12cm, sowing is using bunch planting pattern under film, hill spacing 34cm, per cave
3, sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing are completed using seeder;
Step3:Transplant seedlings and plant capsicum and pipe laying
Capsicum is interplanted in drip irrigation corn wide row, is transplanted seedlings plantation using overlay film, one drip irrigation of laying in the middle of drip irrigation corn wide row
Respectively plant 2 row capsicums, drip irrigation zone and pepper planting row distance 15cm, pepper planting line-spacing 15cm, hill spacing in band, drip irrigation zone both sides
22cm;
Step4:Seedling stage field management
Corn is supplied water with capsicum using independent water band, after planting, is connected hollow billet on the stringing of field, is oozed Miao Shui, according to soil
Soil moisture content is per 667m2Corn drips 10m3~13m3, per 667m2Capsicum is dripped 12m3~15m3, applied with water droplet and respectively ooze seedling special fertilizer
1.5kg~2kg;
Step5:Growth phase field management
Capsicum row soil moisture content is kept between the 65%~85% of maximum field capacity by drip irrigation, during drip irrigation
Topdressed with appropriate amount of water;
When corn shoot upper blade is rolled, start the first water of corn row and irrigate, corn row soil is kept by drip irrigation afterwards
Water content is topdressed between the 70%~85% of maximum field capacity during drip irrigation with appropriate amount of water;
Step6:Harvest
When capsicum and corn reach the respective harvest best opportunity, harvested, afterwards corn stalk returning to the field, Second Year need not
The rotation of crops, directly wrong row plantation in situ.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in Step2, drip irrigation corn wide row width 160cm,
Narrow row width 70cm, drip irrigation zone and corn seeding row distance 10cm.
3. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in Step3, capsicum sowing line-spacing 15cm.
4. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in Step4, drip irrigation zone is controlled according to the soil texture
Dripping end flow, sandy loam corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow controls to control in 2.4L/H~2.8L/H, capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt flow
In 2.6L/H~3.0L/H, loam corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow is controlled in 2.2L/H~2.6L/H, capsicum water dropper on drip irrigation belt stream
Amount control is controlled in 1.8L/H~2.2L/H, capsicum drip irrigation zone in 2.4L/H~2.6L/H, clay corn drip irrigation band dripping end flow
Dripping end flow is controlled in 2.0L/H~2.4L/H.
5. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in Step5, are irrigated for the water of corn row first,
According to soil moisture content per 667m2Drip 25m3~30m3, Fertigation.
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CN108040783A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-18 | 当涂县黄池蔬菜产销专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of corn intercrop green pepper |
CN109967521A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of restorative procedure of Cd-polluted farmland and its application |
CN112021100A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-04 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Cultivation method suitable for direct seeding of pelleted seeds of capsicum annuum in karst region |
CN115843628A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 山东贵禾农业科技有限公司 | Intercropping planting method for garlic, cotton and pepper |
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CN115843628A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 山东贵禾农业科技有限公司 | Intercropping planting method for garlic, cotton and pepper |
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