CN109287412A - Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method - Google Patents
Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109287412A CN109287412A CN201811236844.0A CN201811236844A CN109287412A CN 109287412 A CN109287412 A CN 109287412A CN 201811236844 A CN201811236844 A CN 201811236844A CN 109287412 A CN109287412 A CN 109287412A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention belongs to crop planting technical fields, and in particular to Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method.Step includes: the selection Step 1: kind；Step 2: fine site preparation；Step 3: application base fertilizer；Step 4: sowing；Step 5: enhancing field management；Step 6: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Using cultural method of the invention, since the more conventional dryland rice of Japonica Hybrid has stronger hybrid vigour, the soil is porous in nonirrigated farmland in addition, and permeability is good, oxygen supply is sufficient, particularly useful to rice seedling root growth, tiller occurs early, and tillering number is more, stem thickness, Ye Duo, fringe is big, to which yield be greatly improved, and improves the quality of rice.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop planting technical fields, and in particular to Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method.
Background technique
In China arable land, nonirrigated farmland accounts for larger proportion, especially southwest, and nonirrigated farmland accounting area is bigger.Nonirrigated farmland paddy
Plantation and the plantation of paddy field paddy are completely different, it eliminates water site preparation, nursery and rice transplanting operation procedure, but seed is directly broadcast
Kind is in the soil by non-irrigated site preparation, and entire growth period is by whole moisture needed for natural precipitation supply rice plant growth.
The paddy planted on nonirrigated farmland is commonly called as " dryland rice ", " upland rice ".There is its special dedicated kind --- dryland rice kind, dryland rice
Belong to conventional variety, production limits are big, and 200 kgs/acre or so of general yield, quality is mostly bad.
Japonica Hybrid is planted on nonirrigated farmland, uses Hybrid, the yield of upland rice can reach 300 kgs/acre with
On, high arrives nearly 600 kgs/acre, and quality is better than conventional dryland rice kind.Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method can be broken
The bottleneck of dryland rice plantation is solved, the situation that dryland rice yield fluctuates for a long time is fundamentally thoroughly solved, pushes forward dryland rice production comprehensively
Development.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is increasing substantially the yield of dryland rice (upland rice), Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation side is thus provided
Method.
The technical scheme is that Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method, the step of the method, includes:
Step 1: variety selection
Select good quality and high output, disease-resistant Japonica Hybrid kind；
Step 2: fine site preparation
It is deep ploughed, hack, soil moisture conservation, weeding, is deep ploughed 30~40 centimetres, time of site preparation is because of area, weather, soil to soil
Earth, cultivation season and before make type and different, to Winter idle land, after preceding crop harvest, winter arrive before to carry out agriculture early
Machine deep ploughing carries out nature processing sterilization, water-removing weeding by the freezing of passing the winter of soil；For planting the arable land in late autumn, late autumn is received
After to turn over site preparation in time, eliminate weeds；
Step 3: application base fertilizer
When site preparation, per acre use 800~1200 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure, 30~45 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, boron fertilizer 2~
4~6 kilograms of 3 kilograms, 1~2 kilogram of zinc fertilizer plus the pungent granule of 15% poison mixing applications, prevent and treat soil pests；
After leveling land, dig reservoir applies 10~15 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer when sowing per acre；
Step 4: sowing
It basks seeds before being sowed 1-2 days, to improve emergence rate, when the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of underground is stablized at 8 DEG C or more
It can be sowed, per acre with kinds 2 kilograms, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 centimetres, 1.3 ten thousand pools are broadcast per acre, 5-6 seeds are broadcast on every pool,
Earthing is carried out after broadcasting, thickness of earth covering is 2~3 centimetres；
Step 5: enhancing field management
(1) weed control: adhering to that chemical control and artificial weeding combine, based on chemical weed control, supplemented by artificial weeding,
Chemical weed control after planting 3-5 days, emergence before based on closed soil treatment, medicament select Acetochlor, butachlor, prometryn,
Lonster or pretilachlor, dosage are executed by product description requirement；After emergence, per acre with 1 kilogram of 20% propanil missible oil, be watered 20
It kilogram sprays；
(2) seedling and thinning are hugged, is filled the gaps with seedlings: when emergence rate reaches 20%~30%, should carry out hugging seedling, using the small creeper of serration
One layer of thin soil is hugged along sown scope, seedling can be helped to be unearthed, and keep soil moisture and management of weeds, look into seedling and fill a vacancy, selects rainy day or yin
It, using the close dilute method of benefit is moved, makes up and is short of seedling, to save seedling from damage in 21 heart of leaf；
(3) top dressing: top dressing is based on quick-acting chemical fertilizer, and in tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage top dressing, tillering fertilizer is in 2 leaf, 1 heart
It is spread fertilizer over the fields after light rain or rain when to 31 heart of leaf, per acre 10 kilograms of urea, 5 kilograms of potash fertilizer, promotes tiller early growth and quick tiller；Jointing fertilizer exists
It is imposed before the ear differentiation of tiller later period, per acre 5 kilograms of urea, to promote big fringe；Filling stage sees that seedling applies fertilizer, before raining
Afterwards, 3 kilograms of urea are applied per acre, or use foliage spray in fine day, it is public with 0.2 kilogram of urea plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.04 per acre
Jin is watered 20 kilograms and sprays；
Step 6: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
(1) pest control is watered 48 kilograms by spraying with 40~60 milliliters of 50% phoxim baythion missible oil per acre；
(2) controlling disease, per acre with 100 grams of 20% tricyclazole powder, is watered 48 kilograms of sprays in broken tripe phase and full heading time
Mist.
Preferably, the P in soil H value in soil is 5-7 in the step 2.
Preferably, pungent 4~6 kilograms of granule of 15% poison available 5% 4-6 kilograms of thimet insecticides described in step 3
Instead of.
Preferably, pest control described in step 6 can replace 50% with 40~60 milliliters of the pungent DDT EC of 30% cyanogen
40~60 milliliters of phoxim baythion missible oil；Controlling disease can replace 100 grams of 20% tricyclazole powder with 75 grams of 40% Fujione emulsion.
Preferably, the pest is divided into ground pest and subterranean pest-insect, and the ground pest includes: that striped rice borer, rice are vertical
Leaf roll snout moth's larva, planthopper, the subterranean pest-insect include: mole cricket, grub, wireworm, rice root aphid；The disease includes: rice blast.
Preferably, 1000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure in the step 3,30 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 2 kilograms of boron fertilizer, zinc
4 kilograms of 1 kilogram of fertilizer, 4 kilograms of the pungent granule of 15% poison or 5% thimet insecticide.
Preferably, Japonica Hybrid described in step 1 be Dian-type japonica hybrid rice, kind be Yunnan it is miscellaneous series, Yunnan major clique column,
The excellent series of products of Yunnan standing grain.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, yield is increased substantially.It, can be conventional dryland rice product using Japonica Hybrid nonirrigated farmland growing and cultivation method of the invention
The yield of kind is increased to 300 kgs/acre or more from 200 kgs/acre.The bottleneck of dryland rice plantation is cracked, is fundamentally thoroughly solved
The situation that dryland rice yield fluctuates for a long time.
2, the quality of rice is improved.The conventional dryland rice kind planted in production, quality is generally poor, using of the invention
Japonica Hybrid nonirrigated farmland growing and cultivation method, due to selecting high-quality hybrid rice varieties, the rice quality produced is preferable.
3, it is cultivated using the present invention, since the more conventional dryland rice of Japonica Hybrid has stronger hybrid vigour, nonirrigated farmland is native in addition
Matter is loose, and permeability is good, and oxygen supply is sufficient, particularly useful to rice seedling root growth, and tiller occurs early, and tillering number is more, stem
Slightly, Ye Duo, fringe is big, to obtain high yield.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment
Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1:
It is planted according to the application Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method in the Yunnan Province Maguan County Renhe Town village great Hei Qing within 2016
32 mu, the step of the method includes:
Step 1: variety selection, selects mid-early maturity, good quality and high output, disease-resistant Dian-type japonica hybrid rice kind Yunnan excellent 35.
Step 2: fine site preparation
It selects pH value for 5 soil, is deep ploughed to soil, hack, soil moisture conservation, weeding.It is beautiful in the Winter idle land of maize planting
Progress agricultural machinery is deep ploughed 30 centimetres after rice harvest, before winter arrival, is sterilized, is killed by the freezing progress nature processing of passing the winter of soil
Green weeding.
Step 3: application base fertilizer
When site preparation, 800 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure are used per acre, 30 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 2 kilograms of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer 1 are public
Jin, adds 15% poison, 4 kilograms of prevention and treatment soil pests of pungent granule.It is compound that N P and K is applied per acre when dig reservoir is sowed after leveling earth
10 kilograms of fertilizer；
Step 4: sowing
It basks seeds before being sowed 1 day, to improve emergence rate.When the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of underground is stablized at 8 DEG C or more,
Selection is sowed in rainy days April 15, is begun to rain within 2 hours after finishing.
Per acre with kinds 2 kilograms, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 centimetres, broadcasts 1.3 ten thousand pools per acre, 5-6 seeds are broadcast on every pool, is broadcast laggard
Row earthing, earthing with a thickness of 2 centimetres；
Step 5: field management
(1) weed control: based on chemical weed control, after planting the 3rd day, seed also be not unearthed before, select Acetochlor into
The closing of row soil；
After emergence, per acre with 1 kilogram of 20% propanil missible oil, be watered 20 kilograms spray kill weeds.
(2) seedling and thinning are hugged, is filled the gaps with seedlings: carrying out hugging seedling when emergence rate reaches 20%, be hugged using the small creeper of serration along sown scope
One layer 0.5 centimetre or so thick thin soil, helps seedling to be unearthed, and keep soil moisture and management of weeds.
It looks into seedling to fill a vacancy, the selection cloudy day, in 21 heart of leaf, using the close dilute method of benefit is moved, makes up and be short of seedling, to save seedling from damage；
(3) top dressing: top dressing is carried out at tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage respectively.Tillering fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields after the 2 leaf l hearts, light rain,
10 kilograms of urea, 5 kilograms of potash fertilizer per acre promote early tiller；Jointing fertilizer imposes urea 5,000 per acre before the ear differentiation of tiller later period
Gram, to promote big fringe；Heading stage in front and back of raining, applies 3 kilograms of urea per acre.
Step 6: the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
(1) control of insect is watered 48 kilograms by spraying with 40~60 milliliters of 50% phoxim baythion missible oil per acre, prevention and treatment ground,
Lower pest.
(2) prevention and treatment rice blast is watered 48 kilograms of sprays with 100 grams of 20% tricyclazole powder per acre in broken tripe phase and full heading time
Mist.
32 mu were planted in the Maguan County Renhe Town village great Hei Qing according to upper 1 the method for embodiment 2016, average yield per mu reaches
512.2 kilograms, increase production 226.2 kilograms per acre than conventional dryland rice kind " literary dryland rice No. 4 "；
Embodiment 2
It according to the application Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method, is planted in the big village Di Fang of chestnut township in Yunnan Province Maguan County within 2017
50 mu, the step of the method includes:
Step 1: variety selection, selects mid-early maturity, good quality and high output, disease-resistant Japonica Hybrid kind Yunnan excellent 37.
Step 2: fine site preparation
It selects pH value for 7 soil, is deep ploughed to soil, hack, soil moisture conservation, weeding.It is small on the arable land in plantation late autumn
Spring turns over site preparation after receiving in time, eliminates weeds, and 40 centimetres of tilling depth.
Step 3: application base fertilizer
When site preparation, per acre use 1200 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure, 45 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 3 kilograms of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer 2
Kilogram, add 5% thimet insecticide granule, 6 kilograms of prevention and treatment soil pests.Nitrogen phosphorus is applied per acre when dig reservoir is sowed after leveling earth
10 kilograms of K composite fertilizer；
Step 4: sowing
It basks seeds before being sowed 2 days, to improve emergence rate.When the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of underground is stablized at 8 DEG C or more,
Selection is sowed in rainy days May 15, is begun to rain within 1 hour after finishing.
Per acre with kinds 2 kilograms, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 centimetres, broadcasts 1.3 ten thousand pools per acre, 5-6 seeds are broadcast on every pool, is broadcast laggard
Row earthing, earthing with a thickness of 3 centimetres；
Step 5: field management
(1) weed control: based on chemical weed control, after planting the 5th day, seed also be not unearthed before, select prometryn into
The closing of row soil；
When emerge 10% after, per acre with 1 kilogram of 20% propanil missible oil, be watered 20 kilograms spray killing weeds.
(2) seedling and thinning are hugged, is filled the gaps with seedlings: carrying out hugging seedling when emergence rate reaches 30%, be hugged using the small creeper of serration along sown scope
One layer 0.5 centimetre or so thick thin soil, helps seedling to be unearthed, and keep soil moisture and management of weeds.
It looks into seedling to fill a vacancy, the selection cloudy day, in 21 heart of leaf, using the close dilute method of benefit is moved, makes up and be short of seedling, to save seedling from damage；
(3) top dressing: top dressing is carried out at tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage respectively.Tillering fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields after the 2 leaf l hearts, light rain,
10 kilograms of urea, 5 kilograms of potash fertilizer per acre promote early tiller；Jointing fertilizer imposes urea 5,000 per acre before the ear differentiation of tiller later period
Gram, to promote big fringe；Heading stage uses foliage spray in fine day, public with 0.2 kilogram of urea plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.04 per acre
Jin, sprays 20 kilograms of water；
Step 6: the prevention and treatment of pest and disease damage.
(1), control of insect is watered 48 kilograms of spraying prevention and treatment ground with 40~60 milliliters of the pungent DDT EC of 30% cyanogen per acre
Upper, subterranean pest-insect.
(2) prevention and treatment rice blast is watered 48 kilograms of sprays with 75 grams of 40% Fujione emulsion per acre in broken tripe phase and full heading time
Mist.
According to upper 2 the method for embodiment 2017 at 32 mu of Maguan County demonstration plant, average yield per mu up to 522.2 kilograms,
Increase production 236.2 kilograms per acre than conventional dryland rice kind " literary dryland rice No. 4 ".
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (7)
1. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method, which is characterized in that the step of the method includes:
Step 1: variety selection
Select good quality and high output, disease-resistant Japonica Hybrid kind；
Step 2: fine site preparation
It is deep ploughed, hack, soil moisture conservation, weeding, is deep ploughed 30~40 centimetres, time of site preparation is because of area, weather, soil, cultivation to soil
Training season is different with before type is made, and to Winter idle land, after preceding crop harvest, to carry out agricultural machinery depth before winter arrival early
It ploughs, nature processing sterilization, water-removing weeding is carried out by the freezing of passing the winter of soil；For planting the arable land in late autumn, wanted after late autumn receipts
Site preparation is turned in time, eliminates weeds；
Step 3: application base fertilizer
When site preparation, 800~1200 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure are used per acre, 30~45 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, boron fertilizer 2~3 is public
4~6 kilograms of jin, 1~2 kilogram of zinc fertilizer plus the pungent granule of 15% poison mixing applications, prevent and treat soil pests；
After leveling land, dig reservoir applies 10~15 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer when sowing per acre；
Step 4: sowing
It basks seeds before being sowed 1-2 days, to improve emergence rate, when the ground temperature of 5 centimeters of underground is stablized at 8 DEG C or more
It is sowed, per acre with kinds 2 kilograms, seeding row spacing is 20 × 25 centimetres, 1.3 ten thousand pools is broadcast per acre, 5-6 seeds are broadcast on every pool, after broadcasting
Earthing is carried out, thickness of earth covering is 2~3 centimetres；
Step 5: enhancing field management
(1) weed control: adhering to that chemical control and artificial weeding combine, based on chemical weed control, supplemented by artificial weeding, chemistry
Before after planting 3-5 days, emergence based on closed soil treatment, medicament selects Acetochlor, butachlor, prometryn, dislikes grass for weeding
Spirit or pretilachlor, dosage are executed by product description requirement；After emergence, per acre with 1 kilogram of 20% propanil missible oil, be watered 20 kilograms
It sprays；
(2) seedling and thinning are hugged, is filled the gaps with seedlings: when emergence rate reaches 20%~30%, should carry out hugging seedling, using the small creeper of serration along broadcasting
Width hugs one layer of thin soil, seedling can be helped to be unearthed, and keep soil moisture and management of weeds, look into seedling and fill a vacancy, and selects rainy day or cloudy day,
When 21 heart of leaf, using the close dilute method of benefit is moved, makes up and be short of seedling, to save seedling from damage；
(3) top dressing: top dressing is based on quick-acting chemical fertilizer, and in tillering stage, jointing stage, heading stage top dressing, tillering fertilizer is in 2 leaf, 1 heart to 3 leaves
It is spread fertilizer over the fields after light rain or rain when 1 heart, per acre 10 kilograms of urea, 5 kilograms of potash fertilizer, promotes tiller early growth and quick tiller；Jointing fertilizer is in tiller
It is imposed before later period ear differentiation, per acre 5 kilograms of urea, to promote big fringe；Filling stage sees that seedling applies fertilizer, in front and back of raining, often
Mu applies 3 kilograms of urea, or uses foliage spray in fine day, per acre with 0.04 kilogram of 0.2 kilogram of urea plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate, convert
20 kilograms of water spray；
Step 6: the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
(1) pest control is watered 48 kilograms by spraying with 40~60 milliliters of 50% phoxim baythion missible oil per acre；
(2) controlling disease, per acre with 100 grams of 20% tricyclazole powder, is watered 48 kilograms by spraying in broken tripe phase and full heading time.
2. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil in soil in the step 2
Earth pH value is 5-7.
3. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 15% poison described in step 3
The 4-6 kilograms of replacement of 4~6 kilograms of pungent granule available 5% thimet insecticides.
4. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pest control described in step 6
40~60 milliliters of 50% phoxim baythion missible oil can be replaced with 40~60 milliliters of the pungent DDT EC of 30% cyanogen；Controlling disease is available
40% 75 grams of Fujione emulsion replaces 100 grams of 20% tricyclazole powder.
5. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pest is divided into evil on the ground
Worm and subterranean pest-insect, the ground pest include: striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, planthopper, the subterranean pest-insect include: mole cricket,
Grub, wireworm, rice root aphid；The disease refers mainly to: rice blast.
6. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that decomposed farmers' in the step 3
1000 kilograms of fertilizer, 30 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 2 kilograms of boron fertilizer, 1 kilogram of zinc fertilizer, 4 kilograms of the pungent granule of 15% poison or 5% first
Mix 4 kilograms of phosphorus pesticide.
7. Japonica Hybrid dry-land cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hybridization round-grained rice described in step 1
Rice is Dian-type japonica hybrid rice, and kind is the miscellaneous series in Yunnan, Yunnan major clique column, the excellent series of products of Yunnan standing grain.
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| CN115005033A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-06 | 云南二十三度高原特色农业发展有限公司 | Dry planting method of rice |
| CN115176657A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-14 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Water-saving drought-resistant rice planting method |
| CN115191301A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-10-18 | 新疆阿克猫农业开发有限公司 | Dry farming planting method for hybrid rice |
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| CN115191301A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-10-18 | 新疆阿克猫农业开发有限公司 | Dry farming planting method for hybrid rice |
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| CN115176657A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-10-14 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Water-saving drought-resistant rice planting method |
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Application publication date: 20190201 |