CN103583191A - Soybean cultivating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a soybean cultivating method, and relates to the technical field of crop planting. The soybean cultivating method is characterized by comprising the following seven steps of selection and preparation of land, application of agricultural fertilizers which are used reasonably, mixing of chemical fertilizers and seeds, timely planting, field management, chemical weed control, pest control and timely harvesting. The cost of the fertilizing method is not high, the steps are quite clear, and the soybean cultivating method is suitable for planting and cultivating soybeans in various varieties. The soybean cultivating method is reasonable, and is convenient to implement and high in fertilization effect.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of soybean

Technical field:

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, be specifically related to the cultivation method of a kind of soybean.

Background technology:

(formal name used at school: Glycine max), Ancient Chinese claims bean is the leguminous plant that a kind of its seed contains abundant protein to soybean.Soybean ovalize, spherical, color has yellow, light green, black etc., therefore there is again the title of soya bean, green soya bean, black soya bean.Soybean is the most frequently used makees various bean product, squeeze soya-bean oil, make soy sauce and extract protein.Bean dregs or the soybean of wearing into meal are also usually used in poultry and livestock feed.

Soybean plant strain is upright, has branch, and height is from several centimetres to more than 2 meters.Self-pollination, floral white or micro-band purple.Seed is yellow, green, brown, black or double-colored, and each pod includes 1 to 4 seed.Soybean all can be cultivated in all kinds of soil, but it is vigorous in warm, fertile, well-drained sandy loam, to grow.Late frost is sowing later, and 9, October is ripe.Generally to wait after soybean fallen leaves seed moisture content to be down to 13% and gather in when following, to preserve.

And soybean tends to be subject to the impact of various environment, natural calamity in the process of plantation, new varieties of soybean particularly, in plantation, will bring various different trouble like this, can reduce plantation efficiency, reduce output, can reduce economic benefit.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the implantation methods that existing technological deficiency provides a kind of soybean that a kind of method is reasonable, plantation is convenient, planting effect is good.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

An implantation methods for soybean, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

Step 1, selection of land and whole ground: selecting barley, wheat, rape is front stubble, carries out the efficent rotation of 3 years above Different Crop;

Step 2, enrich agriculture fertilizer, rationally utilize chemical fertilizer: mu is executed the fertile 1500kg of high-quality agriculture, and agriculture is fertile is combined and uses with chemical fertilizer, and fertilizing amount is diammonium phosphate 135kg/ hectare, urea 45kg/ hectare, potash fertilizer 60kg/ hectare.Utilize sower to carry out twice fertilising, and accomplish layered deep placement.Before sowing, the chemical fertilizer of total fertilization amount 70% is applied kind to a lower 15cm place for the first time, for the second time all the other chemical fertilizer all do seed manure with sowing apply plant under a 5-7cm place, if any the symptom of fertilizer deficiency, can suitably impose Soybean Leaves leaven 1-2 time;

Step 3, dressing seed, begin sowing in good time: after seed cleaning, with Soybean Seed-coating, carry out in advance seed dressing and coating, at seeding time the phase upper, it is standard by 7-8 ℃ that the soil ground temperature at ground surface 5cm place of take is stablized.In seeding process, accomplish that sowing suppression works continuously, broadcast rear the next day and carry out ftercompction with " V " type packer;

Step 4, field management: after coming up, will look in time seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings, at cotyledon duration of run seedling.According to bean seedlings bearing status, carry out 2-3 intertillage, intertill for the first time while occurring with rough leaf and be advisable, the degree of depth is no more than 3.5cm, intertill for the second time when there is 3-4 sheet compound leaf, cotyledon jaundice and carry out, the degree of depth is 4.5cm, intertills for the third time at height of seedling 18-22cm, before blooming, carries out, should plough shallowly, ridging height is higher than cotyledonary node 1-3cm;

Step 5: chemical weed control:

5.1, prevent and kill off before broadcasting rear seedling: before emerging after soybean planting, every mu of use 48% drag-line missible oil 250ml or 72% is your missible oil 130ml, add water 30kg, be evenly sprayed on earth's surface, prevent and kill off multiple annual gramineous weed and other broad leaved weeds such as barnyard grass, green foxtail, lady's-grass.Every mu of use 70% metribuzin wetting powder 40g is watered 25kg spraying;

5.2, the cauline leaf phase prevents and kill off: the broad leaved weed of take is main plot, and in the soybean 1-3 sheet compound leaf phase, every mu of use 25% prowers aqueous solution 0.08L adds 21.4% weeds and burns and after missible oil 0.1L mixes, add water 30kg and carry out cauline leaf spraying.The grassy weed of take is main beans field, can be in three to five phase of weeds, and every mu of use 12.5% cover grass energy missible oil 40ml or 10% quizalofopethyl missible oil 50ml are watered 30kg and mix rear cauline leaf spraying;

Step 6, the extermination of disease and insect pest: late July, the carbendazol wettable powder 0.1kg of every mu of use 50% is watered 30kg and sprays prevention graywall.When the soybean in field 20% has aphid, the cream of decamethrin of every mu of use 2.5% or 10% go out hundred can missible oil 30ml, be watered 30kg and spray control;

Step 7, in good time results: manually gather in the crops and carry out when fallen leaves reach 90%; Mechanical harvest all falls to the greatest extent at blade, beans returns bowlder to carry out.Until soybean moisture, drop to 12% airing warehouse-in slightly when following.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: very simple and clear of above-mentioned steps, and be applicable to professional personnel's operation, and be applicable to non-professional personnel's operation yet, and the cost of above-mentioned fertilizing method is not high, very clear of step, is applicable to the growing and cultivation of the soybean of various kinds.The inventive method rationally, implementation is convenient, fertilization effect is good.

Embodiment:

For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below further set forth the present invention.

An implantation methods for soybean, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

Step 1, selection of land and whole ground: selecting barley, wheat, rape is front stubble, carries out the efficent rotation of 3 years above Different Crop;

Step 2, enrich agriculture fertilizer, rationally utilize chemical fertilizer: mu is executed the fertile 1500kg of high-quality agriculture, and agriculture is fertile is combined and uses with chemical fertilizer, and fertilizing amount is diammonium phosphate 135kg/ hectare, urea 45kg/ hectare, potash fertilizer 60kg/ hectare.Utilize sower to carry out twice fertilising, and accomplish layered deep placement.Before sowing, the chemical fertilizer of total fertilization amount 70% is applied kind to a lower 15cm place for the first time, for the second time all the other chemical fertilizer all do seed manure with sowing apply plant under a 5-7cm place, if any the symptom of fertilizer deficiency, can suitably impose Soybean Leaves leaven 1-2 time;

Step 3, dressing seed, begin sowing in good time: after seed cleaning, with Soybean Seed-coating, carry out in advance seed dressing and coating, at seeding time the phase upper, it is standard by 7-8 ℃ that the soil ground temperature at ground surface 5cm place of take is stablized.In seeding process, accomplish that sowing suppression works continuously, broadcast rear the next day and carry out ftercompction with " V " type packer;

Step 4, field management: after coming up, will look in time seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings, at cotyledon duration of run seedling.According to bean seedlings bearing status, carry out 2-3 intertillage, intertill for the first time while occurring with rough leaf and be advisable, the degree of depth is no more than 3.5cm, intertill for the second time when there is 3-4 sheet compound leaf, cotyledon jaundice and carry out, the degree of depth is 4.5cm, intertills for the third time at height of seedling 18-22cm, before blooming, carries out, should plough shallowly, ridging height is higher than cotyledonary node 1-3cm;

Step 5: chemical weed control:

5.1, prevent and kill off before broadcasting rear seedling: before emerging after soybean planting, every mu of use 48% drag-line missible oil 250ml or 72% is your missible oil 130ml, add water 30kg, be evenly sprayed on earth's surface, prevent and kill off multiple annual gramineous weed and other broad leaved weeds such as barnyard grass, green foxtail, lady's-grass.Every mu of use 70% metribuzin wetting powder 40g is watered 25kg spraying;

5.2, the cauline leaf phase prevents and kill off: the broad leaved weed of take is main plot, and in the soybean 1-3 sheet compound leaf phase, every mu of use 25% prowers aqueous solution 0.08L adds 21.4% weeds and burns and after missible oil 0.1L mixes, add water 30kg and carry out cauline leaf spraying.The grassy weed of take is main beans field, can be in three to five phase of weeds, and every mu of use 12.5% cover grass energy missible oil 40ml or 10% quizalofopethyl missible oil 50ml are watered 30kg and mix rear cauline leaf spraying;

Step 6, the extermination of disease and insect pest: late July, the carbendazol wettable powder 0.1kg of every mu of use 50% is watered 30kg and sprays prevention graywall.When the soybean in field 20% has aphid, the cream of decamethrin of every mu of use 2.5% or 10% go out hundred can missible oil 30ml, be watered 30kg and spray control;

Step 7, in good time results: manually gather in the crops and carry out when fallen leaves reach 90%; Mechanical harvest all falls to the greatest extent at blade, beans returns bowlder to carry out.Until soybean moisture, drop to 12% airing warehouse-in slightly when following.

More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. an implantation methods for soybean, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

Step 1, selection of land and whole ground: selecting barley, wheat, rape is front stubble, carries out the efficent rotation of 3 years above Different Crop;

Step 2, enrich agriculture fertilizer, rationally utilize chemical fertilizer: mu is executed the fertile 1500kg of high-quality agriculture, and agriculture is fertile is combined and uses with chemical fertilizer, and fertilizing amount is diammonium phosphate 135kg/ hectare, urea 45kg/ hectare, potash fertilizer 60kg/ hectare.Utilize sower to carry out twice fertilising, and accomplish layered deep placement.Before sowing, the chemical fertilizer of total fertilization amount 70% is applied kind to a lower 15cm place for the first time, for the second time all the other chemical fertilizer all do seed manure with sowing apply plant under a 5-7cm place, if any the symptom of fertilizer deficiency, can suitably impose Soybean Leaves leaven 1-2 time;

Step 3, dressing seed, begin sowing in good time: after seed cleaning, with Soybean Seed-coating, carry out in advance seed dressing and coating, at seeding time the phase upper, it is standard by 7-8 ℃ that the soil ground temperature at ground surface 5cm place of take is stablized.In seeding process, accomplish that sowing suppression works continuously, broadcast rear the next day and carry out ftercompction with " V " type packer;

Step 4, field management: after coming up, will look in time seedling and fill the gaps with seedlings, at cotyledon duration of run seedling.According to bean seedlings bearing status, carry out 2-3 intertillage, intertill for the first time while occurring with rough leaf and be advisable, the degree of depth is no more than 3.5cm, intertill for the second time when there is 3-4 sheet compound leaf, cotyledon jaundice and carry out, the degree of depth is 4.5cm, intertills for the third time at height of seedling 18-22cm, before blooming, carries out, should plough shallowly, ridging height is higher than cotyledonary node 1-3cm;

Step 5: chemical weed control:

5.1, prevent and kill off before broadcasting rear seedling: before emerging after soybean planting, every mu of use 48% drag-line missible oil 250ml or 72% is your missible oil 130ml, add water 30kg, be evenly sprayed on earth's surface, prevent and kill off multiple annual gramineous weed and other broad leaved weeds such as barnyard grass, green foxtail, lady's-grass.Every mu of use 70% metribuzin wetting powder 40g is watered 25kg spraying;

5.2, the cauline leaf phase prevents and kill off: the broad leaved weed of take is main plot, and in the soybean 1-3 sheet compound leaf phase, every mu of use 25% prowers aqueous solution 0.08L adds 21.4% weeds and burns and after missible oil 0.1L mixes, add water 30kg and carry out cauline leaf spraying.The grassy weed of take is main beans field, can be in three to five phase of weeds, and every mu of use 12.5% cover grass energy missible oil 40ml or 10% quizalofopethyl missible oil 50ml are watered 30kg and mix rear cauline leaf spraying;

Step 6, the extermination of disease and insect pest: late July, the carbendazol wettable powder 0.1kg of every mu of use 50% is watered 30kg and sprays prevention graywall.When the soybean in field 20% has aphid, the cream of decamethrin of every mu of use 2.5% or 10% go out hundred can missible oil 30ml, be watered 30kg and spray control;

Step 7, in good time results: manually gather in the crops and carry out when fallen leaves reach 90%; Mechanical harvest all falls to the greatest extent at blade, beans returns bowlder to carry out.Until soybean moisture, drop to 12% airing warehouse-in slightly when following.