CN110268894A - A kind of type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop - Google Patents
A kind of type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop Download PDFInfo
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- CN110268894A CN110268894A CN201910701162.0A CN201910701162A CN110268894A CN 110268894 A CN110268894 A CN 110268894A CN 201910701162 A CN201910701162 A CN 201910701162A CN 110268894 A CN110268894 A CN 110268894A
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- Prior art keywords
- mulch
- row
- sowing
- seed
- seeding
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/50—Cotton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of types of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop, sowing and pipelaying work are being carried out on plot wait sow after smooth it is characterized by: comprising the steps of:, seed is broadcast in earth's surface, seed is embarked on journey sowing, later by covering with ground sheeting on kind of capable and drip irrigation zone (4), and in kind of row, above and/or on the mulch of kind row two sides earthing, the earthing are kind of row overburden layer (3), so that mulch is adjacent to seed by kind of a row overburden layer (3).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method of sowing, a kind of northern area plantation overlay film work
The type of seeding of object.
Background technique
One of arable farming measure.It is that will sow material by certain amount and mode, is sown into certain depth soil layer in due course
Operation.Sowing directly affects the growth and development and yield of crop whether appropriate, in order to improve seeding quality, except fine before sowing
The preparation of seed treatment and labour, animal power and seeding machinary etc. is also carried out outside site preparation.
According to crop species, breediness, planting system, planting type and its to the requirement of environmental condition, selects and be suitable for
Sowing time, application rate and type of seeding, by hand or equipment by seed be multicast to the synthesis farming in the soil layer of certain depth make
Industry.Sowing directly affects the growth and development and yield of crop whether appropriate.
Begin sowing in good time is that crop is made to obtain favourable climate condition, complete from germination, emergence to mature each breeding time
Robust seedling seedling, normal plants, in due course mature important measures.The sowing optimum period of Different Crop depend mainly on breediness,
Temperature, moisture, cropping system, soil property and topography.Be sown into the seed weight in unit area soil, by kg/ha as unit of.
Suitable application rate is the premise of rational close planting.Generally go out by per hectare density (strain number), thousand grain weigth, germination percentage and field
The indexs such as seedling rate calculate.Depth of planting is related to the germination of seed, the quality of emergence and growth of seedling.Should according to crop, soil,
Weather conditions determine Suitable depth.Seeding method should be according to crop species, growing characters, cropping system, planting density and sowing
The factors such as equipment determine.
Common seeding method broadcasts sowing, drilling, program request etc..
The drilling depth is consistent, seed distribution uniform.Broad line seeding is larger suitable for single plant area, the crop for needing to intertill,
Such as corn, sorghum, cotton, beet, soybean；Wheat, rice, flax and certain herbages are suitable in sowing in close dill.
Distribution mode of the seeding method, that is, seed on unit area soil.In addition to planting density, generally according to Crop Species
The factors such as class, growing characters, cropping system, seeding machinary determine.Its principle is to make crop being reasonably distributed in field, soil fertility and
The utilization of luminous energy sufficiently, and has preferable ventilation and penetrating light condition, so that individual is with the coordinated development of group and convenient for cultivation pipe
Reason.Seeding method generally divide broadcast sowing, 3 class of drilling and program request.
It broadcasts sowing: broadcasting sowing and seed is equably spread on to field surface.According to the different characteristics of crop and local actual conditions,
It can earthing or not earthing after broadcasting sowing.Broadcasting sowing is a kind of ancient and extensive seeding method, is operated by hand mostly, easy saving of labor,
But seed is not easy to be evenly distributed, and earthing is deep mixed, later period inconvenience tillage and weeding.China is currently used primarily in vegetables, rice, oil
The sowing of the seeding in nursery bed or green manure of the crops such as dish, herbage etc..The sowing in mountain area, the forest of desert region, sand-fixation plant, herbage
And the live streaming of large area rice field, common aircraft broadcast sowing, to overcome the difficulty on seeding technique and save manpower.
Drilling: seed is sown into soil layer by drilling with embarking on journey.Feature is that depth of planting is more consistent, point of seed in the line
Cloth is more uniform, is convenient for the management measures such as inter-row cultivation weeding, fertilising and mechanically actuated, thus is one be widely used at present
Kind mode.By the difference of line-spacing and sown scope, and there are various different sizes: 1. broad line seeding.Generally 35~70 lis of distance in the ranks
Rice differs.It is suitable for planting the crop that plant nutrition area is larger or need to intertill, such as corn, sorghum, cotton, beet, soybean.
2. sowing in close dill.General 10~30 centimetres of line-spacing, machine sowing line-spacing is usually less than people and broadcasts line-spacing, the work suitable for the small and dense plant of plant
Object, such as wheat, flax and certain herbages.3. wide-and narrow-row drilling.Wide row is alternate with narrow row, is convenient for do mechanization operation.Preferential species
Plant crop of the Later growth vulnerable to concealment, such as cotton, soybean, peanut.4. ribbon sowing.Several one wide rows of narrow row interval, two
Several narrow rows between a wide row are known as band.In this way, conducive to carrying out tillage and weeding in wide row or interplant other works
Object.5. wide drilling.Sown scope is wider than general drilling, and range is often relatively narrow.Land utilization ratio is higher, is conducive to dense planting and concentration
Fertilising, is usually used in the crops such as wheat.Drilling generally uses type sowing drill, animal power drill for sowing in lines, tractor-trailed seed drill etc. to carry out.Power traction drilling
Machine planting is uniform, and seed level is consistent, and seed manure, pesticide can be sowed simultaneously, and efficiency is higher.
Program request: program request is also known as bunch planting, i.e., opens bunch planting kind at a certain distance on broadcasting row.Program request can guarantee spacing in the rows and close
Degree is conducive to save seed, convenient for thinning, intertillage, is chiefly used in the crops such as corn, cotton, beet, sunflower.It is broadcast using essence amount
Planting with sowing machine, can in certain distance and depth, and accurately 1 or 2 seed under every bunch planting, may also be combined with sowing and be sprinkled into weeding
Agent and pesticide.The crops such as corn, cotton can greatly save seed when using precision drilling, reduce thinning, final singling operation；But to whole
Ground and seed quality it is more demanding, if cotton must use sulfuric acid lint, germination percentage is 90% with first-class.
With the development of seeding technique, in the northern area of China, such as Corpping in North Xinjiang, in crops such as plant cottons,
What is generallyd use is that the mode of program request on film carries out seeding operation, i.e. site preparation, pipe laying, dibbling, plastic film mulch and earthing integration of operation.
Present applicant proposes a kind of completely new cropping patterns for covering ground film crops, to change program request operation on present film
Mode.
The advantages that the application has method simple, and after planting emergence rate is high, and crop anti-adversity is good.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of completely new seeding methods, are a kind of seeding methods suitable for covering the crop of mulch.
The present invention provides technical solution below: a kind of type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop, feature exist
In: it comprises the steps of:
Sowing and pipelaying work are being carried out on plot wait sow after smooth, and seed broadcast in earth's surface, seed is embarked on journey sowing,
Later by covering with ground sheeting on kind of capable and drip irrigation zone (4), and kind of row is upper and/or the mulches of kind row two sides on earthing, the earthing
For kind of a row overburden layer (3), mulch is set to be adjacent to seed by kind of a row overburden layer (3).
The sowing can be sowed first, rear pipe laying；Can also first pipe laying, it is rear to sow；Pipe laying can also be sowed while being carried out.
Above-mentioned cropping pattern takes a film two pipe or three pipes, the mode of sowing three row of behavior, four rows, the five-element either six rows
Carry out sowing and pipe laying.
Earthing is also carried out on the both sides of the edge of mulch, formed mulch overburden layer (1), the purpose of mulch overburden layer (1)
It is that mulch is rolled or blown off by wind in order to prevent, influences mulch using effect.
Kind row overburden layer (3) is the grogs that granularity is 0.5~3mm, and thickness of earth covering is 0.5~5mm.
In actual use: seed essence amount being sowed in earth's surface, i.e. soil surface, and plastic film mulch covers kind of a row, kind capable
Earthing is formed kind of row overburden layer (3) on mulch or on the mulch of kind row two sides, and its purpose is to be ground for kind row overburden layer (3)
Film is close to seed, when germination, mulch can be worn out by the explosive force of germination and realizes germination.
By taking cotton as an example: traditional sowing cotton seed is all sowing in soil, and this method is that seed is placed on ground, is being planted
Sub- top covers mulch, carries out earthing in the two sides of mulch, prevents mulch from being swept by wind, while either existing in the upper earthing of kind of row
It on the two sides mulch of kind row, is tightly attached to mulch on seed, cotton seeds is allowed to burst kind by the explosive force of germination in germination
Shell, and bursting mulch, reach emergence.This method is laid with requirement with the spacing in the rows, line-spacing and the drip irrigation zone that do not change existing cropping pattern
Premised on, while avoiding punching on mulch.It is sprouted by the germination explosive force bursting mulch of seeds self.
Mulch can allow photo-thermal into soil, and can reach the rental of heat and moisture preserving, make to form small water droplet below mulch, for kind
Temperature and humidity conditions needed for son germination provides germination.
Cotton belongs to dicotyledonous crops, and after cotton seed germinates bursting mulch, cotyledon is opened above mulch, expansion
Exercise of the cotyledon directly by natural weathers such as sunlight, rain and dew, wind, enhances the resistance of seedling, for growing up strong and sturdy for seedling
Create advantage.Meanwhile enhancing mulch radix saposhnikoviae, anti-grass, the performance of heat and moisture preserving.
Dibbling hole caused by when the application does not have a dibbling compared with program request on traditional film, on mulch, does not have impurity
The dibbling hole caused by the dibbling enters below mulch, as the seed of the trees beside field fall with the wind in the ground, from dibbling hole into
Enter below mulch, causes weeds in plot more.
The application is by germinateing under film, and when germination, direct bursting mulch realized emergence, what the stalk of crop was constantly grown up,
Constantly the hole of bursting can be supportted greatly, so that mulch is fitted in the surface of stalk always by the hole of bursting, prevent impurity from falling into mulch
Lower section.
Compared with prior art, the advantages that present invention has method simple, strong operability, germination percentage is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram I of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram II of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram I of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram II of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
As shown in the figure: 1 is mulch overburden layer, and 2 be mulch, and 3 be kind of a row overburden layer, and 4 be dropper band, and 5 be sowing row.
Specific embodiment
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: being the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of north referring to Fig.1~2
The type of seeding of area plantation plastic mulched crop, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps of:
Sowing and pipelaying work are being carried out on plot wait sow after smooth, and seed broadcast in earth's surface, seed is embarked on journey sowing,
Later by covering with ground sheeting on kind of capable and drip irrigation zone (4), and the earthing on the mulch on kind of row, the earthing are kind of a row overburden layer
(3), mulch is made to be adjacent to seed by kind of a row overburden layer (3).
The sowing can be sowed first, rear pipe laying；Can also first pipe laying, it is rear to sow；Pipe laying can also be sowed while being carried out.
Above-mentioned cropping pattern takes the mode of two Guan Liuhang of two Guan Sihang of a film, three Guan Liuhang of a film or a film to be sowed
And pipe laying.
Earthing is also carried out on the both sides of the edge of mulch, formed mulch overburden layer (1), the purpose of mulch overburden layer (1)
It is that mulch is rolled or blown off by wind in order to prevent, influences mulch using effect.
Kind row overburden layer (3) is the grogs that granularity is 0.5~3mm, and thickness of earth covering is 0.5~5mm.
In actual use: seed essence amount being sowed in earth's surface, i.e. soil surface, and plastic film mulch covers kind of a row, kind capable
Earthing is formed kind of row overburden layer (3) on mulch or on the mulch of kind row two sides, and its purpose is to be ground for kind row overburden layer (3)
Film is close to seed, when germination, mulch can be worn out by the explosive force of germination and realizes germination.
By taking cotton as an example: traditional sowing cotton seed is all sowing in soil, and this method is that seed is placed on ground, is being planted
Sub- top covers mulch, carries out earthing in the two sides of mulch, prevents mulch from being swept by wind, while either existing in the upper earthing of kind of row
It on the two sides mulch of kind row, is tightly attached to mulch on seed, allows and burst kind through explosive force of its germination when Cotton Seed
Shell, and bursting mulch, reach emergence.This method requires to set with the spacing in the rows, line-spacing and the drip irrigation zone paving that do not change existing cropping pattern
Premised on, while avoiding punching on mulch.It is sprouted by the germination explosive force bursting mulch of seeds self.
Mulch can allow photo-thermal into soil, and can reach the rental of heat and moisture preserving, make to form small water droplet below mulch, for kind
Temperature and humidity conditions needed for son germination provides germination.
Cotton belongs to dicotyledonous crops, and after cotton seed germinates bursting mulch, cotyledon is opened above mulch, expansion
Exercise of the cotyledon directly by natural weathers such as sunlight, rain and dew, wind, enhances the resistance of seedling, for growing up strong and sturdy for seedling
Create advantage.Meanwhile enhancing mulch radix saposhnikoviae, anti-grass, the performance of heat and moisture preserving.
Dibbling hole caused by when the application does not have a dibbling compared with program request on traditional film, on mulch, does not have impurity
The dibbling hole caused by the dibbling enters below mulch, as the seed of the trees beside field fall with the wind in the ground, from dibbling hole into
Enter below mulch, causes weeds in plot more.
Embodiment 2: being the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2, present embodiment discloses a kind of north referring to Fig. 3~4
The type of seeding of area plantation plastic mulched crop, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps of:
Sowing and pipelaying work are being carried out on plot wait sow after smooth, and seed broadcast in earth's surface, seed is embarked on journey sowing,
Later by covering with ground sheeting on kind of capable and drip irrigation zone (4), and the earthing on kind of the mulch of row two sides, the earthing are kind of a row overburden layer
(3), mulch is made to be adjacent to seed by kind of a row overburden layer (3).
The sowing can be sowed first, rear pipe laying；Can also first pipe laying, it is rear to sow；Pipe laying can also be sowed while being carried out.
Above-mentioned cropping pattern takes the mode of two Guan Liuhang of two Guan Sihang of a film, three Guan Liuhang of a film or a film to be sowed
And pipe laying.
Earthing is also carried out on the both sides of the edge of mulch, formed mulch overburden layer (1), the purpose of mulch overburden layer (1)
It is that mulch is rolled or blown off by wind in order to prevent, influences mulch using effect.
Kind row overburden layer (3) is the grogs that granularity is 0.5~3mm, and thickness of earth covering is 0.5~5mm.
In actual use: seed essence amount being sowed in earth's surface, i.e. soil surface, and plastic film mulch covers kind of a row, kind capable
Earthing is formed kind of row overburden layer (3) on mulch or on the mulch of kind row two sides, and its purpose is to be ground for kind row overburden layer (3)
Film is close to seed, when germination, mulch can be worn out by the explosive force of germination and realizes germination.
By taking cotton as an example: traditional sowing cotton seed is all sowing in soil, and this method is that seed is placed on ground, is being planted
Sub- top covers mulch, carries out earthing in the two sides of mulch, prevents mulch from being swept by wind, while either existing in the upper earthing of kind of row
It on the two sides mulch of kind row, is tightly attached to mulch on seed, allows and burst kind through explosive force of its germination when Cotton Seed
Shell, and bursting mulch, reach emergence.This method requires to set with the spacing in the rows, line-spacing and the drip irrigation zone paving that do not change existing cropping pattern
Premised on, while avoiding punching on mulch.It is sprouted by the germination explosive force bursting mulch of seeds self.
Mulch can allow photo-thermal into soil, and can reach the rental of heat and moisture preserving, make to form small water droplet below mulch, for kind
Temperature and humidity conditions needed for son germination provides germination.
Cotton belongs to dicotyledonous crops, and after cotton seed germinates bursting mulch, cotyledon is opened above mulch, expansion
Exercise of the cotyledon directly by natural weathers such as sunlight, rain and dew, wind, enhances the resistance of seedling, for growing up strong and sturdy for seedling
Create advantage.Meanwhile enhancing mulch radix saposhnikoviae, anti-grass, the performance of heat and moisture preserving.
Dibbling hole caused by when the application does not have a dibbling compared with program request on traditional film, on mulch, does not have impurity
The dibbling hole caused by the dibbling enters below mulch, as the seed of the trees beside field fall with the wind in the ground, from dibbling hole into
Enter below mulch, causes weeds in plot more.
Above-described is only the present invention/invention preferred embodiment, it is noted that for the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these belong to this
The protection scope of invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps of: after smooth to
Sowing carries out sowing and pipelaying work on plot, and seed is broadcast in earth's surface, and seed is embarked on journey sowing, later by covering with ground sheeting in kind of a row
Above and/or on the mulch of kind row two sides earthing, the earthing are kind of row overburden layer (3) on drip irrigation zone (4), and in kind of row, are passed through
Kind row overburden layer (3) makes mulch be adjacent to seed.
2. the type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: a film two is taken to manage
The mode of two Guan Liuhang of four rows, three Guan Liuhang of a film or a film carries out sowing and pipe laying.
3. the type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: first sow, it is rear to spread
Pipe；Alternatively, first pipe laying, rear to sow；Alternatively, sowing pipe laying carries out simultaneously.
4. the type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: kind row overburden layer
It (3) is grogs that granularity is 0.5~3mm, thickness of earth covering is 0.5~5mm.
5. the type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: cover the two sides of mulch
Soil prevents mulch from rolling, which is mulch overburden layer.
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| CN201910701162.0A CN110268894A (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | A kind of type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop |
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| CN201910701162.0A CN110268894A (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | A kind of type of seeding of northern area plantation plastic mulched crop |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111919676A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-13 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for planting sorghum sudanense by covering soil on double-plant film with wide and narrow rows and one hole |
| CN114402932A (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-04-29 | 新疆农业科学院玛纳斯农业试验站 | High-yield and high-efficiency ecological cultivation technical mode for isatis tinctoria |
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