CN102282996B - Protective overwintering method for Fujian angiopteris lygodiifolia rosenst - Google Patents
Protective overwintering method for Fujian angiopteris lygodiifolia rosenst Download PDFInfo
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- CN102282996B CN102282996B CN201110174480A CN201110174480A CN102282996B CN 102282996 B CN102282996 B CN 102282996B CN 201110174480 A CN201110174480 A CN 201110174480A CN 201110174480 A CN201110174480 A CN 201110174480A CN 102282996 B CN102282996 B CN 102282996B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a protective overwintering method for Fujian angiopteris lygodiifolia rosenst in cold districts in winter. The method comprises the following steps of: clearing withered branches and leaves around the Fujian angiopteris lygodiifolia rosenst when the temperature is reduced to 3 DEG C below zero in winter, sterilizing the rosenst and the surrounding soil thereof, and covering the rosenst by using a prepared mulch; and performing winter management, clearing the mulch on the rosenst when the temperature is stabilized at 5 DEG C below zero in next spring, so that the rosenst is germinated and grown and can overwinter safely by a covering protection method. The method can ensure that the Fujian angiopteris lygodiifolia rosenst can overwinter safely and can normally germinate and grow in next spring, the grown quantity is high, and the plants are grown robustly. The preparation of the coverage matrix is simple; and the operating method is simple, convenient, feasible and strong in operability, has the characteristics of low investment, high overwintering survival rate, early plant germination and high growth quantity in next year, and is a reliable mode of safe overwintering after the Fujian angiopteris lygodiifolia rosenst is migrated northwards. Meanwhile, the method provides reference for open field culture and safe overwintering after similar large tropical ferns are migrated northwards, and has high popularization value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus method that the area protection of the northern fringe Nanjing is survived the winter in the subtropics, relate to adopt blade withered specifically after, cover the method that the root-like stock protection is survived the winter with covering.
Background technology
Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is Angiopteridaceae kwan-yin seat nelumbium, be imposing in the pteridophyte, build is comparatively tall and big one type view and admire fern.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is with its tall and big plant type, sturdy and upright petiole, and roomy pinnate leaf, dark green leaf look is its characteristics.Thick fleshy root shape belemnoid is from native face, and residual meat stipule is rosette-stape, and rather peculiar, ornamental value is higher.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus originates in south China and southwest on the south the middle subtropical zone, and all there is plantation in each big botanical garden.Its wild plant is distributed in the more dark and damp filling thick grass of the dark and damp ground in gully, mountain valley and limit, mountain stream and sylvan life below the height above sea level 400m more.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is liked dark and damp environment, how to grow along the two sides, streams, is zonal distribution; Original producton location soil is main with brownish forest soil, and pH value is generally between 5.2～6.2.It is few that Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is used in botanical garden and park, and the decorative applications in the room is very rare especially, is the large-scale rare treasure of viewing and admiring in botanical garden and the indoor appreciation pteridophyte.
The area, the Nanjing of the northern fringe in the subtropics; The natural distribution that does not have large-scale pteridophyte; Introducing and planting Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus in the botanical garden can let citizen enjoy to have the large-scale pteridophyte of mystery flavour and Tropic Affair, improves ornamental plantation effect and the glamour that increases the botanical garden.The most northern area, Wenzhou that is distributed to Zhejiang of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, area, the Nanjing of the northern fringe minimum temperature reaches-15 ℃ in the subtropics, and general time minimum temperature is difficult to open country and survives the winter about-10 ℃.Invent a kind of method, make Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus can safe overwintering, enlarge its Landscape Application zone, important and practical meanings is arranged, have wide market application prospect in the area, Nanjing.
Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is not also introduced a fine variety the precedent of application in the area, Nanjing.At present, also do not see it colderly in the winter time, surpass it winter minimum temperature is restrained oneself the area plantation of ability and the report of using.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus rhizome is covered, make its safe overwintering method and patent application, also do not appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of simple and easy to do that the object of the invention is to provide, and in the winter time than cold district, makes the method for Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus safe overwintering.
The present invention adopts wood sawdust+peat mixture to cover the rhizomatic method on the outstanding ground of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, makes it can safe overwintering, 1 year spring normal germination and growth.It is wide that the method that adopts has the covering source, prepares simply, and covering method is operated easily, has less investment, and the characteristics that overwintering survival rate is high have realized the object of the invention.
Fujian of the present invention kwan-yin seat lotus covers the method for surviving the winter in Nanjing, may further comprise the steps;
(1) cover the preparation of matrix: get the wood sawdust of stacking more than 1 year, be placed on the clean water mire and be exposed to the sun, after the fine airing more than two days later, choose except that impurity such as wherein wooden unit, battens, subsequent use.Select in small, broken bits, physical behavior peat soil preferably; According to wood sawdust: the ratio of peat soil (2: 1, volume ratio) is mixed, and packs subsequent use.
(2) time that covers: to late November of early winter to mid-December, when minimum temperature is reduced to-3 ℃, after the ground cauline leaf of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is withered fully, can cover with the covering matrix for preparing.
(3) program of matrix covering: wipe out together with petiole the acrial part blade of freezing to death at base portion with secateurs; Remove near the weeds of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus lotus throne and other foreign material; Take off near the soil the root pocket around the lotus throne; Expose most of lotus throne, form lotus throne, become the shape of a circle fortifield village all around in the centre; With carbendazim to lotus throne and carry out disinfection on every side.The mixed-matrix for preparing (1) set by step is deposited in above the root-like stock of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus uniformly and, is a circle heap shape all around, and the matrix ulking thickness is about 8cm.
(4) cover the fixing of matrix: the mixed-matrix of step (1) preparation is lighter, for the matrix that prevents to pile up is blown to four winds, around the matrix of piling up, covers one deck thin soil, and then, water irrigates matrix, the fixing matrix that covers.
(5) cover the maintenance of matrix winter: according to weather condition and the humidity that covers matrix, irregularly covering matrix and water spray on every side thereof, the maintenance that guarantees to cover matrix is moistening, prevents that matrix is blown to four winds.
(6) remove the time that covers matrix: when the minimum air temperature is stabilized in more than 5 ℃; Can begin to remove the matrix of covering, at first remove cover the peripheral thin soil of matrix, again through 1～2 day fine day; The soil humidity of covering is reduced, and cleaning covers the mixed-matrix above the lotus throne again; In scale removal process, SC, the fist leaf roll that prevents to damage and begin to sprout.
(7) maintenance management after the removing matrix: after covering the matrix removing on the lotus throne,, cause the dehydration of root-like stock and New Development fist leaf roll easily because humidity changes greatly; After removing, a few days ago, on the frequentation lotus throne, spray water, keep the lotus throne certain humidity, eliminate and remove the transition process the huge influence that causes of environmental damp condition difference from the covering that covers of matrix fully.
(8) recover growth: through the precision management in a week, lotus throne has adapted to extraneous damp condition basically with nascent fist leaf roll, can transfer normal management to.
In step (1), wood sawdust must pass through the placement of long period; Contain organic or inorganic compositions such as various acids, phenols and tannin in the fresh wood sawdust, can cause root-like stock impaired, also can stay the residuals after wood sawdust decomposes around the soil, can cause harmful effect the growth of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus without decomposition.In the step (2), the cover time can not be too early, otherwise wood sawdust is met behind the high temperature can heating, and the root-like stock of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is damaged.In the step (3), mixed-matrix will reach certain cladding thickness, otherwise the winter protection poor effect falls flat.In step (4), (5); Water spray is the mixed-matrix of covering fixedly, can also keep the humidity of root-like stock and surrounding soil, guarantees the demand of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus to moisture; Because of the air humidity in Nanjing area winter and soil moisture much smaller than the original producton location; Behind the introducing and planting, cause dry and cold injury easily, influence its overwintering survival rate at overwintering period.In the step (7), the humidity that guarantees to cover after matrix is removed is most important, carry out comparatively meticulous water management, keeps mixed-matrix to cover and remove the smooth transition of back humidity.
The present invention adopts wood sawdust+peat mixture to cover the rhizomatic method on the outstanding ground of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, makes it can safe overwintering, 1 year spring normal germination and growth.It is wide that the method that adopts has the covering source; Preparation is simple; Covering method is operated easily, has less investment, the characteristics that overwintering survival rate is high; Can realize large-scale fern that southern subtropical distributes in Nanjing regional safety survive the winter, be the tropical pteridophyte cold district open country protection very practical technology of surviving the winter in the winter time.After Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus adopts mixed-matrix to cover freeze prevention measure, germination and growth growth normally in 1 year, and amount of growth and remaining basically stable the previous year.
Embodiment
, embodiment example 1 and 2 is to further specify of the present invention; Example 3 is to a comparative trial of the present invention with example 4.
Embodiment 1:
In time early winter; Late November is to mid-December, after outdoor minimum temperature reaches-3 ℃, and the acrial part of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is withered fully; Dead leaf around the lotus throne and foreign material etc. are cleaned out, used concentration 300ppm carbendazim again the disinfecting soil around lotus throne and the lotus throne; Cover with the lotus throne of the covering [wood sawdust: peat soil (2: 1, volume ratio)] that configures to Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, cladding thickness is about 8～10cm apart from the lotus throne top again.Around the matrix of piling up, cover one deck thin soil, water squirts the mixed-matrix that covers again, prevents that matrix is blown to four winds, and after water waters in fact, guarantees that the thickness that covers matrix is greater than 5cm.In the winter time, look weather condition and the humidity that covers matrix, not timing is sprayed water, and preserves moisture and prevents that matrix from dispelling, and generally will spray water 4～5 times a winter.
To mid-March next year, temperature stabilization can begin to remove the matrix of covering more than 5 ℃ the time, at first removes to cover the peripheral thin soil of matrix, again through 1～2 day fine day, the soil humidity of covering is reduced, and cleaning covers the mixed-matrix above the lotus throne again; In scale removal process, the fist leaf roll that preventing damages begins to sprout.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus through above-mentioned matrix covers began to sprout in mid-March, began to open up leaf mid-April; Reach summit of growth in mid-July; Spore is ripe, and the late August growth stops, the average growing height 121cm of 30 strain Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus leaf sheets of processing; Average every pocket is sprouted 3.3 blades, robust growth.
Embodiment 2
In time early winter; Late November is to mid-December, after outdoor minimum temperature reaches-3 ℃, and the acrial part of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is withered fully; Dead leaf around the lotus throne and foreign material etc. are cleaned out, used concentration 300ppm carbendazim again the disinfecting soil around lotus throne and the lotus throne; Cover with the lotus throne of the covering [wood sawdust: peat soil (2: 1, volume ratio)] that configures to Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, cladding thickness is about 5～7cm apart from the lotus throne top again.Around the matrix of piling up, cover one deck thin soil, water squirts the mixed-matrix that covers again, prevents that matrix is blown to four winds, and after water waters in fact, guarantees that the thickness that covers matrix is greater than 3cm.In the winter time, look weather condition and the humidity that covers matrix, not timing is sprayed water, and preserves moisture and prevents that matrix from dispelling, and generally will spray water 4～-5 times a winter.
To mid-March next year, temperature stabilization can begin to remove the matrix of covering more than 5 ℃ the time, at first removes to cover the peripheral thin soil of matrix, again through 1～2 day fine day, the soil humidity of covering is reduced, and cleaning covers the mixed-matrix above the lotus throne again; In scale removal process, the fist leaf roll that preventing damages begins to sprout.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus through above-mentioned matrix covers begins to sprout at late March, and late April begins to open up leaf; Reach summit of growth in late July, spore is ripe, and the late August growth stops; The average growing height 105cm of 20 strain Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus leaf sheets that handles, average every pocket is sprouted 3.0 blades, and it is more normal to grow; Fist leaf roll sprout time is later than instance 1, and amount of growth is less than instance 1.
Embodiment 3: check experiment
Late November in season early winter to mid-December; Outdoor minimum temperature reaches-3 ℃; After the acrial part of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is withered fully; To clean out with dead leaf around Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus lotus throne of instance (1) same place cultivation and foreign material etc., and use concentration 300ppm carbendazim again lotus throne and lotus throne disinfecting soil all around; Cover with the lotus throne of the pure wood sawdust that dries to Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, cladding thickness is about 10cm apart from the lotus throne top again.Around the matrix of piling up, cover one deck thin soil, the water pure wood sawdust matrix that will cover squirts again, prevents that wood sawdust is blown to four winds, water water real after, guarantee that the thickness of covering matrix is greater than 5cm.In the winter time, look weather condition and the humidity that covers matrix, not timing is sprayed water, and preserves moisture and prevents that wood sawdust is blown to four winds, and generally will spray water 4～5 times a winter.
To mid-March next year, temperature stabilization can begin to remove the matrix of covering more than 5 ℃ the time; At first remove and cover the peripheral thin soil of wood sawdust matrix; Through 1～2 day fine day, the soil humidity of covering is reduced again, cleaning covers the wood sawdust matrix above the lotus throne again; In scale removal process, the fist leaf roll that preventing damages begins to sprout.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus through above-mentioned matrix covers begins to sprout the fist leaf roll at late March, and late April begins to open up leaf; Reach summit of growth in late July, spore is ripe, and the late August growth stops; The average growing height 109cm of 30 strain Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus leaf sheets that handles, 2.8 in average every pocket growth blade, leaf growth is healthy and strong; Only the fist leaf roll is sprouted slightly evening, and amount of growth is smaller.
Embodiment 4: check experiment
Late November in season early winter to mid-December; Outdoor minimum temperature reaches-3 ℃; After the acrial part of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is withered fully; To clean out with dead leaf around Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus lotus throne of instance (1) same place cultivation and foreign material etc., and use concentration 300ppm carbendazim again lotus throne and lotus throne disinfecting soil all around; Cover with the lotus throne of dry deadwood leaf to Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, cladding thickness is about 20cm apart from the lotus throne top again.Water is wet with the deadwood foliar spray that covers again, prevents that dead leaf is blown to four winds, and after water slightly waters in fact, at fallen leaves upper cover one deck thin soil, guarantees that the thickness that covers matrix is greater than 12cm again.In the winter time, look weather condition and the humidity that covers matrix, not timing is sprayed water, and preserves moisture and prevents that dead leaf is blown to four winds, and generally will spray water 4-5 time a winter.
To mid-March next year, temperature stabilization can begin to remove the matrix of covering more than 5 ℃ the time, at first removes and covers the thin soil above the dead leaf, again through 1～2 day fine day, the soil humidity of covering is reduced, and cleaning covers the deadwood leaf above the lotus throne again; In scale removal process, the fist leaf roll that preventing damages begins to sprout.Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus through the deadwood foliage cover begins to sprout the fist leaf roll at late March, and late April begins to open up leaf, reaches summit of growth in late July; It is less that spore occurs, and the late August growth stops, the average growing height 92cm of 25 strain Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus leaf sheets of processing; 2.3 in average every pocket growth blade, the number of blade is few, and leaf growth is smaller; The fist leaf roll is sprouted slightly evening, and amount of growth is little, and average height has only 79cm.
Claims (3)
1. Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is protected wintering method, it is characterized in that:
(1) late November to mid-December, minimum temperature is reduced to about-3 ℃, after the ground cauline leaf of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus is withered fully; Mixed-matrix with configuring covers Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus rhizome; Covering matrix is the wood sawdust of depositing more than a year and the mixture of peat, and wood sawdust will fully be exposed to the sun, and the peat soil requirement is more in small, broken bits; Physical behavior is better, and the mixed volume ratio of the two is a wood sawdust: peat soil=2: 1;
(2) adopting concentration is that the carbendazim of 300ppm carries out disinfection to lotus throne and the surrounding soil of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus, and after avoiding covering matrix, ground temperature rises around the lotus throne, the lotus throne breed bacteria;
(3) cladding thickness of mixed-matrix is 8-10cm apart from the lotus throne top, through on lotus throne, covering matrix, can make Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus in Nanjing regional safety survive the winter; When spring next year, minimum temperature was stabilized in 5 ℃, just can remove covering;
(4) survive the winter through the method protection, Fujian kwan-yin is sat lotus and is sprouted early, and amount of growth is bigger, and appreciation effect is good, is superior to other control treatment.
2. kwan-yin seat lotus protection wintering method in Fujian according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the used carbendazim of sterilizing, can guarantee not breed bacteria of lotus throne fully, simultaneously, the normal growth that does not influence the plant next year is again grown.
3. kwan-yin seat lotus protection wintering method in Fujian according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when minimum temperature is stabilized in 5 ℃, just can remove covering, minimum temperature at this moment can not produce harm to the sprouting of Fujian kwan-yin seat lotus.
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| CN103141353A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2013-06-12 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Cibotium barometz overwintering cold-proof method |
| CN107896785B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2021-07-20 | 陕西省西安植物园 | Northern open field overwintering planting method for prolonging ornamental period of woody datura stramonium |
| CN110915561B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-03-30 | 金华市农业科学研究院 | Dormant overwintering method for Australia water lily |
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| CN101707964A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2010-05-19 | 刘金侠 | Tunnel half-shading green branch cottage and propagation method of large reed-leaf cherries and Teng county red cherries |
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