CN101263765A - Cirmamonun camphora clone scale fast propagation seedling-breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a clonal scale rapid seedling cultivation method for Borneol Cinnamomum camphora, which comprises the following steps; soil with the ph value ranges from 5.5 to 7.0 is chosen; land is prepared and ridges are formed; 0.5% potassium permanganate solution is used for the disinfection treatment of the soil on the surface of the ridges; annual semi lignified or 80% lignified strong and healthy branches from one year to three years old Borneol Cinnamomum camphora are chosen as cuttings; 1/3 to one robust leaf is reserved on the cutting; a horse ear shaped oblique incision is cut at the upper end; the lower end is transversely cut; the upper part of the cutting is processed by dipping quickly in 1000ppm indole butyric acid solution, then processed by 600 times to 800 times mancozeb solution, and sterilization of the cuts of branches and leaves is performed; cutting is performed vertically; after cutting, the cuttings are closely covered by an agricultural film; heat insulation, moisture retention, foliage dressing, seedling adaptation and transplanting are carried out; after tending management, seedlings can go out of nursery. The Borneol Cinnamomum camphora seedlings bred by the method of the invention has the advantages of improved clone cutting rooting survival rate, robust seedlings, fast growth after forestation, and wide crown; after three years, forestation is realized, and fresh branches and leaves yield per mu is over 1000kg; therefore, the material for a large amount of natural borneol is ensured.

Description

Cirmamonun camphora clone scale fast propagation seedling-breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of borneol camphor tree clone seedling-cultivating method.

Background technology

Found a kind of canella-borneol camphor tree [Cinnamonun Trew] of being rich in natural d-Bomeol composition in the virgin forest of the scientific and technical personnel of Hu'nan Xinhuang Longnao Development Co., Ltd. eighties in last century in the border of the county is newly shaken in the Hunan Province.Through research in a few years, the scientific and technical personnel of the said firm invented " extract d-Bomeol technology " in 1992 and have obtained national inventing patent in 1994 from camphor leaf.Natural d-Bomeol claims natural borneol again, and it originates in the archipelago, Sumatera of Indonesia, is from the trunk of kapur [Dryobalanopsaromatica Gaertmer] and the tree root crystallized product through steam distillation.Its gas delicate fragrance, bitter, Xin Liang have logical all keys, loose stagnated fire, swelling and pain relieving, heat reliving and toxin-eliminating, remove the screen medicinal functions such as inducing resuscitation, removing necrosis, promoting granulation, anticancer that make eye bright, have one's ideas straightened out, and are a kind of famous and precious rare medicinal material and senior spices.Present this borneo camphor tree is closely exhausted, and the main synthetic machine sheet that adopts of a lot of countries substitutes natural borneol, but medicinal effects can not show a candle to natural borneol, and contains harmful isoborneol.The invention of the discovery of borneol camphor tree and " extracting d-Bomeol technology from camphor leaf " is supplied with the another new approach that provides to the natural resources of natural borneol undoubtedly.Therefore, the borneol camphor tree being bred by rapid scale, is present problem demanding prompt solution.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Cirmamonun camphora clone scale fast propagation seedling-breeding method, this method can make the extensive fast breeding of borneol camphor tree, to satisfy the demand in suitability for industrialized production needed raw material source and natural borneol market.

Cirmamonun camphora clone scale fast propagation seedling-breeding method of the present invention comprises the steps:

A. ground, garden is selected: select physical features smooth, illumination is had abundant water resources, and has a good transport service, and the soil of sandy loam is as the nursery land used, and the soil ph value is 5.5-7.0;

B. ground, garden arrangement: build ridge wholely, ridge face disinfecting soil is handled with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate;

C. adopt fringe: the borneol camphor tree that gives birth to from age of tree 1-3 selects annual semi-lignified or 80% lignification, stalwartness, disease-free branch as the fringe bar, and adopts the fringe phase before the bud bud is open;

D. make fringe: the fringe bar that step c is obtained stays 1/3 to the healthy and strong leaf of a slice, and horse ear shape angular cut, lower end straight snips are cut in fringe bar upper end;

E. plugged ear is handled: to the borneol camphor tree fringe bar that steps d obtains, take the diindyl butyric acid solution speed libation at an ancient wedding ceremony method of drawing of 1000ppm to handle, the fringe bar base portion processing time is 20-30S.Give birth to solution-treated fringe bar top with 600-800 celestial being doubly again, carry out the sterilization of branches and leaves section;

F. cuttage: the fringe bar that step e is obtained carries out straight cutting, and density is every square metre of 160-180 strain;

G. use the airtight covering of plastic sheeting for farm use after the cuttage;

H. management: heat and moisture preserving, foliar application, temperature is controlled in 35 ℃, and relative moisture is not less than 80%;

I. hardening: after cuttage 3-4 month, remove plastic sheeting for farm use, full light hardening;

J. transplant: begin to transplant density 16000-18000 strain/mu after cuttage 4-5 month;

K. tending management: water and fertilizer management, weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest;

L. outplanting: the thick 0.7-0.8cm of nursery stock leading thread, height of tree 40-50cm can go out the garden, requires root system complete, and epidermis does not have breakage.

The inventor finds that by the experimental studies such as influence to borneol camphor tree cuttage root-taking, survival rate of different cuttage trophosomes and external condition borneol camphor tree cuttage root-taking survives with the nutrition of the elite stand age of tree, fringe bar and the processing of plugged ear etc. closely related.Breed borneol camphor tree seedling with the inventive method and both can improve clone plant cuttage root-taking survival rate, can make the nursery stock stalwartness again, the growth of afforestation back is quick, and tree crown is roomy.Can reach the bright branches and leaves of per mu yield after growing into forest in 3 years more than 1000 kilograms, for a large amount of raw materials that obtain natural borneol provide assurance.

Embodiment

Present embodiment is bred the concrete grammar of borneol camphor tree, comprises the steps:

A. ground, garden is selected: select physical features higher, landform is smooth, east, west, three the no tall and big trees in south and sunshade building, and the space is open; Have abundant water resources, power supply facilities is complete, irrigation condition is good, and has a good transport service, the soil of sandy loam is the nursery land used.P in soil H value is 5.5-7.0;

B. ground, garden arrangement: the ground of choosing, cuttage garden, implement to carry out weeding in preceding 1 month in cuttage, deep plough, rake, put in order carefully, remove foreign material.The seedbed East and West direction, wide 1.2 meters, long 10 meters; The wide 30cm of pavement, the high 35cm in seedbed, so that construction and draining, and, cover the sunshade net again at upper berth, seedbed red sand 3-4cm.With 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate ground, garden being carried out spray disinfectant handles;

C. adopt fringe: when adopting fringe, the annual semi-lignified to 80% of selecting age of tree 1-3 to give birth to is lignified, slightly mauve side shoot branch, and branch requires healthy and strong, substantial, the no damage by disease and insect that physically well develops, grows, and adopts the fringe phase before the bud bud is open;

D. make fringe: adopt single node cutting, the fringe footpath is slightly at 0.2-0.6cm, and length is about 6 centimetres to 8 centimetres, at least keep a healthy and strong bud, every fringe stays 1/3 to the healthy and strong leaf of a slice, if blade stays 1/3 leaf to get final product greatly, should stay the complete blade of a slice if blade is little, in a word, decide according to the size of blade.Plugged ear after shearing is by quantity and the bottom is concordant ties up, and puts shady and cool place and preserve moisture to be equipped with and handle.The plugged ear upper end will 1 centimeters be cut into horse ear shape angular cut, plugged ear lower end straight snips on bud.Cutter must be sharp when cutting fringe, must guarantee that clip is level and smooth, can not push the branch clip, generally carries out in the cool;

E. plugged ear is handled: plugged ear is handled: to the borneol camphor tree fringe bar of steps d acquisition, adopt the diindyl butyric acid solution speed libation at an ancient wedding ceremony method of drawing of 1000ppm to handle fringe bar base portion, processing time is 20-30 second, gives birth to solution-treated fringe bar top with 600-800 celestial being doubly again, carries out the sterilization of branches and leaves section;

F. cuttage: the cuttage degree of depth is generally 3 centimetres to 4 centimetres, will make plugged ear upright after the cuttage, and cutting density is generally every square of 160-180 strain, with not overlapping being advisable between leaf, spills once permeablely after inserting, and sprays 0.2% celestial being again and gives birth to solution;

G. epiphragma: insert the both sides, seedbed with the long smooth bamboo bar of about 2m two and become arch form, middle high 40-50cm, the transparent plastic sheeting for farm use of covering it on is used soil pressure film limit, make the seedbed be in totally-enclosed in.Build the high sunshade of 1.8-2m on the seedbed, cover the sunshade net above, light transmittance is about 25%, guarantees that temperature is in 35 ℃ in the seedbed, and most time is about 30 ℃;

H. insert the back management: often check situations such as soil moisture after the cuttage in cuttage the garden in, when soil becomes drying, the moisturizing of flood irrigation in time, relative moisture is not less than 80%, generally keeps the interior relative moisture 85%-95% of canopy.Guarantee that temperature is in 35 ℃ in the seedbed, most time if illumination is strong or temperature is high, be taked the sunshade and the cooling measure that waters about 30 ℃;

I. hardening: etc. the plugged ear back (about 60 days) of all taking root, postpone again and took off film in 10-15 days.Open arch film two ends when taking off film earlier, allow its gravity-flow ventilation take off film after 3 days again.After the hot weather, in time remove the sunshade net, make nursery stock accept full sunlight;

J. transplant: after cuttage 4-5 month, can transplant during the long 3-5cm of seedling root, planting density is 16000-18000 strain/mu;

K. tending management: when nursery stock takes root, behind the foliation, carry out soil application (watered every 10 days to execute 1%--2% urea liquid once) and foliar application (0.3% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution).The arrangement irrigation canals and ditches are noted irrigation and drainage, and the celestial being of spraying 600 times 62.5% of medicine is simultaneously given birth to solution, to promote the growth of borneol camphor tree.Find that the borneol camphor tree has damage by disease and insect in time to spray medicine, spreads with prevention and elimination of disease and pests;

L. outplanting: the thick 0.7-0.8cm of nursery stock leading thread, height of tree 40-50cm can go out the garden, requires root system complete, and epidermis does not have breakage.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of Cirmamonun camphora clone scale fast propagation seedling-breeding method is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A. ground, garden is selected: select physical features smooth, illumination is had abundant water resources, and has a good transport service, and the soil of sandy loam is as the nursery land used, and the soil ph value is 5.5-7.0;

B. ground, garden arrangement: build ridge wholely, ridge face disinfecting soil is handled with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate;

C. adopt fringe: the borneol camphor tree that gives birth to from age of tree 1-3 selects annual semi-lignified or 80% lignification, stalwartness, disease-free branch as the fringe bar, and adopts the fringe phase before the bud bud is open;

D. make fringe: the fringe bar that step c is obtained stays 1/3 to the healthy and strong leaf of a slice, and horse ear shape angular cut, lower end straight snips are cut in fringe bar upper end;

E. plugged ear is handled: plugged ear is handled: to the borneol camphor tree fringe bar of steps d acquisition, adopt the diindyl butyric acid solution speed libation at an ancient wedding ceremony method of drawing of 1000ppm to handle fringe bar base portion, processing time is 20-30 second, gives birth to solution-treated fringe bar top with 600-800 celestial being doubly again, carries out the sterilization of branches and leaves section;

F. cuttage: the fringe bar that step e is obtained carries out straight cutting, and density is every square metre of 160-180 strain;

G. use the airtight covering of plastic sheeting for farm use after the cuttage;

H. management: heat and moisture preserving, foliar application, temperature is controlled in 35 ℃, and relative moisture is not less than 80%;

I. hardening: after cuttage 3-4 month, remove plastic sheeting for farm use, full light hardening;

J. transplant: begin to transplant density 16000-18000 strain/mu after cuttage 4-5 month;

K. tending management: water and fertilizer management, weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest;

L. outplanting: the thick 0.7-0.8cm of nursery stock leading thread, height of tree 40-50cm can go out the garden, requires root system complete, and epidermis does not have breakage.