CN108142126A - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN108142126A CN108142126A CN201810052001.9A CN201810052001A CN108142126A CN 108142126 A CN108142126 A CN 108142126A CN 201810052001 A CN201810052001 A CN 201810052001A CN 108142126 A CN108142126 A CN 108142126A
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- Prior art keywords
- cuttage
- slotting machine
- fringe bar
- heavy water
- camphor tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cuttage and seedling culture methods of heavy water camphor tree, mainly include fringe bar processing, slotting machine processing and seedbed management.Wherein, fringe bar processing relate generally to the clip position of fringe bar, fringe bar diameter grade, cuttings length, fringe bar base portion type of incision, fringe bar rooting treatment etc.;Slotting machine processing relates generally to slotting machine processing after the slotting machine disinfection before the selection of slotting machine matrix, cuttage, cuttage mode, cuttage etc..Implement by the method for the present invention, for the cuttings survival rate of heavy water camphor tree up to 87%, more existing conventional method improves 74%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, are specifically related to a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree.
Background technology
Heavy water camphor tree is the precious deciduous species of Lauraceae Cinnamomum, and the camphorated oil proportion contained by Yin Qiye is more than water, so gain the name.
The highest fast-growing economic tree of oil content and the interruption of China's Mainland and Taiwan point in Chen Shuizhangshi China canella
Fabric.Its fibre length is the good raw material of paper-making industry, and dry, root can extract camphor, camphor oil, is had in terms of medicine, chemical industry
There is extensive use, while be also water conservation and the fine tree species of afforestation, nineteen eighty-two has been put into III grade of emphasis of country and has protected
Protect plant.However, it is extremely limited to obtain heavy water camphor tree nursery stock by generative propagation, it is impossible to be provided for heavy water camphor tree artificial afforestration enough
Nursery stock significantly limits the scale of heavy water camphor tree artificial afforestration, and the heavy water camphor tree seed development period is long, and seed production is low, quality
Difference, pest and disease damage are more, and Empty grain rate is up to more than 75% after fruit maturation, and seed heavy wool, short life, hardly possible are stored, germination percentage is low, are sunk
Water camphor tree natural regeneration is extremely difficult, and heavy water camphor tree resource is caused to fall sharply.Therefore, sink water camphor tree cuttage raise seedling technique system foundation for
Cultivate a large amount of high-quality heavy water camphor tree nursery stocks, the heavy water camphor tree population scale of expansion has a very important significance.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree, raw material sources are convenient, at low cost, and
The rooting rate of cuttings can be significantly improved.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree, including fringe bar processing, slotting machine processing and seedbed management;
The fringe bar processing is selection tree crown top current year raw, healthy and strong, basic no disease and pests harm, the normal semi-lignified of leaf color
Green branch leaves and takes half leaf, and at least there are 1-2 axillary buds for upper end;Double modes cut is taken to be sheared in base portion, i.e., its base portion is carried on the back
Bud respectively chamfers 0.5~1.0 cm long with positive bud face, and the diameter grade of gained fringe bar is 0.4~0.6 cm, and length is 6.0~10.0 cm;
The fringe bar 50 cut is bundled into one, fringe bar base portion is immersed in the root-inducing powder ABT-1 of 100 mg/L and impregnates 6 by base portion alignment
H, in case cuttage uses;
The slotting machine processing is the slotting machine matrix peat soil of slotting machine upper berth 15~20 cm thickness in wide 1 m, long 10 m;In cuttage
Preceding 5d carries out disinfection to slotting machine matrix with pure land pellet by 400~800 g/ mus and is capped film, opens film after 3d, stirs base
Matter, then 1d flattens slotting machine matrix before cuttage, water of drenching;During cuttage, seeding row spacing is set as the cm of 10 cm × 10, by every fringe bar
Incision mouth down is inserted perpendicularly into soil, and cuttage depth is the 1/3-1/2 of cuttings length, and cuttings upper end is higher than soil more than face 3cm;It inserts
Slotting machine matrix is compacted afterwards, cuttings is made to touch with matrix, and spray water to soil be sufficiently humidified so as to immediately, as seedbed;
The seedbed management includes Temperature and Humidity Control, water management, illumination control, fertilising, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control;The humiture control
System is that the small bamboo plate of wide 2 cm, long 22 cm is used to set up semicircle Small plastic shed of the radius for 50 cm, is covered on Small plastic shed
Transparent agricultural plastic film, film surrounding soil pressure is tight, to control in canopy soil moisture as 30%, relative air humidity up to 80% with
On, 25-30 DEG C of temperature(The epiphragma that seedbed both ends can be opened when the temperature is excessively high is aerated cooling, can also be used and is sprayed on film
Water cools down);The water management is using artificial intermittent spraying method, is subject in transparent plastic epiphragma and hangs droplet, blade face moistening;
Illumination control is to build the sunshade of high 1.8~2.0 m above arched shed to shade, shading rate 75%, in order to avoid strong light
Hinder cuttings according to meal with wine, influence to take root, when cuttage seedling rooting and after grow 3-4 piece leaves, can in due course remove agricultural plastic film, together
When enter after November, because intensity of illumination weaken, shading screen should also be removed, increase nursery stock illumination;The fertilising is in cuttage
After taking root, weekly using the urea liquid 1 time of the calcium superphosphate solution of 0.8wt% or 0.1wt%;The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is to use
The carbendazim of 0.2wt% or thiophanate solution spraying, pre- mould proof and root rot.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)Compared with stiff wood, spray has very wide cambial cell, and meristematic capacity is strong, easily differentiates skin under appropriate conditions
Portion's root restriction and healing root restriction, so as to form new root.Meanwhile spray water content is high, carbon-nitrogen ratio is big, peroxidase activity
By force, the cutting plantation highest thus using semi-lignified green branch as cutting.
(2)Half leaf is left and taken during clip fringe bar, is conducive to carry out photosynthesis, it is raw so as to provide growth hormone etc. for cutting
Root promotes substance and a small amount of nutriment.And if blade amount is excessive, evaporation capacity is big, can consume the nutrient of cuttings in itself, influences to insert
Fringe is survived and is taken root.It is verified through test of many times, leaves and takes the cuttings survival rate highest of half leaf.
(3)Fringe bar diameter grade is that the rooting percent of 0.4~0.6 cm is higher, and as stem slightly becomes larger, degree of lignification is excessively high,
Influence cuttage rooting;Stem is slightly too small, and cuttings can consume internal nutriment when forming callus, and make the battalion inside the later stage
Totally, but its young leaves is not unfolded in time for foster material consumption, therefore adventitious root can not be grown, and survival rate is low.
(4)Exogenous hormone has cuttage rooting certain facilitation, can promote cuttings inside nutriment again
Distribution increases the sugared content of cuttings base portion, lower cut is made to become the absorbent core of cutting nutrient, while can effectively improve enzyme activity
Property, the division of cambial cell is stimulated, promotes cell elongation.Through experimental study, taking root using 100 mg/L after fringe bar clip
The rooting efficiency that powder ABT-1 impregnates 6 h is best.
(5)Heavy water camphor tree cuttage and seedling culture conventional selection yellow soil or river sand are matrix, but viscosity is larger after yellow soil watering, soil
Earth is aqueous too many, airtight, easily hardened, while easy mould growth, can usually cuttings be caused to be rotted, influence cuttage survival rate;River
Sand grain is thin, good air permeability, but water retention property is poor, and cannot be to enough nutriments are provided during rooting of cuttings, equally
Influence cuttage survival rate.And peat soil has preferable water holding capacity and ventilation capacity, and peat is selected in slotting machine processing mode
Soil can make fringe bar take root, and such matrix quality is loose, organic matter is more and full of nutrition, is conducive to rapidly as slotting machine matrix
The growth of heavy water camphor tree fringe bar root system and young sprout.
(6)The cottage method of the heavy water camphor tree of tradition, cuttings survival rate is relatively low, generally 50% or so.And use present invention side
Method is implemented, and up to 87%, cuttings survival rate significantly improves the cuttings survival rate of heavy water camphor tree.
Specific embodiment
In order to which content of the present invention is made to easily facilitate understanding, With reference to embodiment to of the present invention
Technical solution is described further, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment
Elite stand used in heavy water camphor tree cuttage is the 6 years raw heavy water camphor trees in mountain behind the forestry popularization center of Fujian Province Jianou City.It is used
ABT-1 root-inducing powders are provided by China Forestry Science Research Institute.
Fringe bar processing mode is:It is selection tree crown upper grown stalwartness, basic no disease and pests harm, leaf color normal current year
Raw semi-lignified green branch, leaves and takes half leaf, at least there are 1-2 axillary buds for upper end.Double modes cut are taken, clip diameter grade is 0.4
~0.6 cm, the fringe bar that length is 6.0~10.0 cm make the base portion of fringe bar base portion lower cut carry on the back bud and the respectively beveling 0.5 of positive bud face
~1.0 cm long.After the completion of clip, the fringe bar sheared is bundled into one for 1 group by 50 with rubber band, base portion alignment will tie
Fringe bar base portion immerse 100 mg/L root-inducing powder ABT-1 in impregnate 6 h, in case cuttage use.
It is for the slotting machine processing mode of cuttage fringe bar:It inserts 15~20 cm of slotting machine upper berth of wide 1 m, long 10 m are thick
Bed substrate, the slotting machine matrix select peat soil.Before cuttage 5 d by 400~800 g/ mu use pure land pellet to slotting machine matrix into
Row sterilizes and is capped film, opens film after 3d, stirs matrix, 1 d flattens slotting machine matrix before cuttage, water of drenching.Cuttage
When, the wooden stick of diameter 0.5 cm or so is selected according to the cm jacks in peat soil matrix of 10 cm of seeding row spacing × 10, by every fringe
Incision mouth down is inserted perpendicularly into soil, and cuttage depth is about the 1/3-1/2 of cuttings length, and cuttings upper end is from native more than face 3cm.
It is compacted after inserting, cuttings is made to touch with matrix, and spray water to soil be sufficiently humidified so as to immediately, obtain seedbed.
After the completion of cuttage, seedbed management mode is:It is about 50 to set up radius using the small bamboo plate of wide 2 cm, long 22 cm
The semicircle Small plastic shed of cm covers transparent agricultural plastic film on Small plastic shed, and film surrounding soil pressure is tight, to control Small plastic shed
Interior humidity and temperature, it is 30% or so to make soil moisture in canopy, more than 80% air humidity relative humidity, 25-30 DEG C of temperature(Temperature
The epiphragma that seedbed both ends can be opened when spending high is aerated cooling, and the spray cooling on film can also be used).Water management is adopted
Manually intermittent spraying method is subject in transparent plastic epiphragma and hangs droplet, blade face moistening.It is built above arched shed high by 1.8
The sunshade of~2.0 m shades, shading rate 75%, in order to avoid intense light irradiation meal with wine hinders cuttings, influences to take root(When cuttage seedling rooting
And after growing 3-4 piece leaves, can in due course remove agricultural plastic film, while enter after November, because intensity of illumination weakens, also
Shading screen should be removed, increase nursery stock illumination).After cuttage rooting, 0.8% calcium superphosphate solution or 0.1% urine can be applied weekly
Plain solution 1 time;0.2% carbendazim or thiophanate solution spraying, pre- mould proof and root rot can be used in the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Influence of the different fringe bar processing of comparative example 1 to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate
Using L8(42) Orthogonal Experiment and Design development experiment, one fringe bar clip position of factor:Tree crown top current year germinating branch, in
The 1 year old branch in lower part;Two cutting length of factor:6~10 cm, 10~14 cm;Three cuttings base portion cutting surface types of factor:The singly side of cutting
Formula is sheared(Base portion back of the body bud face chamfers 0.5~1.0 cm long), double modes of cutting shear(Each beveling 0.5 of base portion back of the body bud and positive bud face~
1.0 cm long);Four cuttings diameter grade of factor:0.2~0.4 cm, 0.4~0.6 cm.A bundle of 50 fringe bars, fringe bar base portion is aligned
It is put into the root-inducing powder ABT-1 of 100 mg/ L afterwards#Middle immersion 16h, cutting medium are peat soil.Other processing modes and embodiment
In it is consistent.Influence of the different fringe bar processing to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate the results are shown in Table 1.
Influence of the different fringe bar processing of table 1 to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate
By table 1 as it can be seen that the highest combination of heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate is processing 1, i.e. clip tree crown top current year germinates branch, choosing
The fringe bar that diameter grade is 0.4~0.6 cm is selected, 6~10 cm of cuttings length clip, fringe bar base portion type of incision takes double cut during clip
Formula.The survival rate of heavy water camphor tree cuttings reaches 78% after the fringe bar processing of this combination, hence it is evident that is higher by other processing combinations.
Influence of the different root-growing agent processing modes of comparative example 2 to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate
Using L9(33) Orthogonal Experiment and Design development experiment, one root-growing agent type of factor:Root-inducing powder ABT-1, indolebutyric acid IBA,
Basic element of cell division NAA;Factor two is taken root agent concentration:100 mg·L-1、500 mg·L-1、1000 mg·L-1;When fringe bar is impregnated
Between:6 h, 16 h, film of taking root(Hormone hydrogel is taken root film, slow release).6h is impregnated as control treatment using clear water, at totally 10
Reason.Fringe bar clip tree crown top current year raw semi-lignified green branch, leaves and takes half leaf, at least there are 1-2 axillary buds for fringe bar upper end;It inserts
Fringe base portion lower cut takes double modes cut;0.4~0.6 cm of cuttings diameter grade, 6~10 cm of length;Cutting medium is peat soil.
It is consistent in other processing modes and embodiment.The survival rate that difference promotees heavy water camphor tree cuttings after root-growing agent is handled is shown in Table 2.
Influence of the different root-growing agent processing modes of table 2 to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate
As can be seen from Table 2, root-inducing powder ABT is more excellent relative to the rooting efficiency of IBA and NAA in root-growing agent type, using ABT as life
The fringe bar survival rate of root agent reaches the survival rate of more than 67%, IBA and NAA processing less than 60%, and part processing combination is even lower than
Clear water control treatment.As it can be seen that root-inducing powder ABT is the optimal rush root-growing agent of heavy water camphor tree cuttage.Wherein, concentration is formulated as 100 mg
L-1, it is optimal that soaking time sets the processing of 6 h to combine, and cuttings survival rate reaches 87%.
Influence of the different slotting machine matrix of comparative example 3 to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate
To the common cultivation matrix river sand of current forest cuttage and seedling culture, vermiculite, yellow soil, peat soil and composite earth(River sand:Humic
Soil=3:1)It is tested.Fringe bar clip tree crown top current year raw semi-lignified green branch, leaves and takes half leaf, fringe bar upper end is at least stayed
There is 1-2 axillary bud;Cuttings base portion lower cut takes double modes cut;0.4~0.6 cm of cuttings diameter grade, 6~10 cm of length.It will
Cuttings base portion, which is aligned in the root-inducing powder ABT-1 for being put into 100 mg/ L, impregnates 6 h.It is consistent in other processing modes and embodiment.No
3 are the results are shown in Table with influence of the slotting machine matrix to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate.
Influence of the different slotting machine matrix types of table 3 to heavy water camphor tree cuttings survival rate
By table 3 as it can be seen that in different slotting machine matrix, cuttings survival rate highest of the peat soil as matrix reaches 79%.This may be
Because peat soil matrix has preferable water holding capacity and ventilation capacity, fringe bar can be made to take root rapidly, and such matrix quality is dredged
Pine, organic matter are more and full of nutrition, are conducive to the growth of heavy water camphor tree fringe bar root system and young sprout, can be as the preferred of heavy water camphor tree cuttage
Matrix.
By the data analysis of three above comparative example as it can be seen that the cuttings processing optimum combination of heavy water camphor tree cuttage and seedling culture is:
The branch of tree crown top current year germinating is selected, clip diameter grade is 0.4~0.6 cm, the fringe bar of 6~10 cm of length, fringe during clip
Base portion type of incision, which is taken, double cuts formula.Root-growing agent processing optimum combination be:Root-inducing powder ABT is selected, concentration is formulated as 100
mg·L-1, 6 h of soaking time.In addition, in different slotting machine matrix, peat soil is the preferred substrate of heavy water camphor tree cuttage.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree, including fringe bar processing, slotting machine processing and seedbed management, it is characterised in that:Institute
It is the current year life of selection tree crown top, stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, the normal semi-lignified green branch of leaf color to state fringe bar processing, is left and taken
Half leaf, at least there are 1-2 axillary buds for upper end;Double modes cut is taken to be sheared in base portion, the diameter grade of gained fringe bar is 0.4
~0.6 cm, length are 6.0~10.0 cm;Then the fringe bar 50 cut is bundled into one, base portion alignment, by fringe bar base portion
It immerses in the root-inducing powder ABT-1 of 100 mg/L and impregnates 6 h;
The slotting machine processing is the slotting machine matrix in slotting machine upper berth 15~20 cm thickness;5d is by 400~800 g/ mus of use before cuttage
Pure land pellet carries out disinfection to slotting machine matrix and is capped film, and film is opened after 3d, stirs matrix, then before cuttage 1d by slotting machine base
Matter flattens, water of drenching;During cuttage, seeding row spacing is set as the cm of 10 cm × 10, and every fringe bar incision mouth down is inserted perpendicularly into soil,
Cuttage depth is the 1/3-1/2 of cuttings length, and cuttings upper end is higher than soil more than face 3cm;Slotting machine matrix is compacted after inserting, is sprayed immediately
Water to soil is sufficiently humidified so as to, as seedbed.
2. the cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Slotting machine used in slotting machine processing
Wide 1 m, long 10 m.
3. the cuttage and seedling culture method of heavy water camphor tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Slotting machine base used in slotting machine processing
Matter is peat soil.
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Cited By (3)
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CN108966881A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-11 | 昆明市濒危动植物收容拯救中心 | Endangered species Poncirus polyandra cuttage breeding method |
CN109089687A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-28 | 江西聚杰医药有限公司 | Borneol camphor tree cuttage and seedling culture propagation method |
CN110366968A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-25 | 沙县红豆苗业专业合作社 | A kind of cuttage efficient propagation method of red autumnal leaves kind Pterospermi Heterophylli |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109089687A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-28 | 江西聚杰医药有限公司 | Borneol camphor tree cuttage and seedling culture propagation method |
CN108966881A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-11 | 昆明市濒危动植物收容拯救中心 | Endangered species Poncirus polyandra cuttage breeding method |
CN108966881B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-09-18 | 昆明市濒危动植物收容拯救中心 | Cutting propagation method for citrus aurantium in endangered species |
CN110366968A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-25 | 沙县红豆苗业专业合作社 | A kind of cuttage efficient propagation method of red autumnal leaves kind Pterospermi Heterophylli |
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Application publication date: 20180612 |