CN104737770B - The cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds - Google Patents
The cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737770B CN104737770B CN201510193841.3A CN201510193841A CN104737770B CN 104737770 B CN104737770 B CN 104737770B CN 201510193841 A CN201510193841 A CN 201510193841A CN 104737770 B CN104737770 B CN 104737770B
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- rattan
- shoulder pole
- cuttings
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
The invention belongs to rattan wood breeding and culturing technical field, and in particular to the cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds.Described cultural method includes cuttage and seedling culture step, specifically comprises the following steps：The preparation of seedling medium, the selection of cuttings and preparation, promoting root growth treatment, cuttage, insert after management and cutting rudiment go out after leaf to manage, growth is fast when the final shoulder pole rattan for obtaining transplants transplantation of seedlings, and survival rate is high.The cultural method that described shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds also includes ecosystem cultivation under woods step, specifically comprises the following steps：Cultivation forest land selects, beats cave, plantation and cultivation management., in ecosystem cultivation under woods shoulder pole rattan, floor space is few, management of labour low intensity, prematurity, precocity fruiting for the present invention；And required facility is simple, raw material is easy to get, small investment, low cost, high financial profit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rattan wood breeding and culturing technical field, and in particular to the cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds.
Background technology
Shoulder pole rattan alias：Flat rattan, flat bone wind, waistband rattan, sheep band wind, Vitaceae Tetrastigma plant shoulder pole rattan of originating.Plant
Thing form；Wooden big liana, hard shoulder pole shape has a section, stem 5~10cm of bandwidth, tendril is long and wind shape and leaf alternate, tool length
Handle, is the leaflet of palmate 5, and umbrella room shape, poly- umbrella flower liquid life, flower light green, berry endoplasm, oval is a string such as grape, sparrow ovum
Greatly, golden yellow, can eat raw when fruit is ripe, can make wine, processing beverage, the food such as jam, fruit ripe 11~December.It is born in high mountain
Under thick forest tree, wind it and set, main distribution south China city various regions.Each rural area in Lv Hu tops of riverhead ten thousand, wild shoulder pole rattan money
Source is enriched, and in addition to fruit can be eaten raw, rattan, root is a kind of good Chinese medicinal herbs, its function：Wind-dispelling is stimulated the circulation of the blood and cause the muscles and joints to relax except temperature, is cured mainly
The effects such as rheumatic waist-leg disease, half of unsuccessful, muscular rheumatism, lumbar muscle strain, traumatic injury.
The Lv Hu upstreams of riverhead ten thousand are from the mountains, always have to be gone up a hill when shoulder pole rattan fruit is ripe and pluck the edible custom of fresh fruit, because
Its fruit coloured gold is yellow, and the sweet acid of pulp is good to eat, unique flavor, digestion-promoting spleen-invigorating, and stimulating the appetite and refreshing is that Hakka likes a kind of edible characteristic
The wild good fruit of local flavor.With the improvement of people ' s living standards and to Dietotherapy health, urban beautification afforestation agricultural sightseeing tourism
Etc. aspect increasingly attention, people to ecosystem, the pure natural free of contamination wild good fruit of characteristic and ecological tour city beautify
The pursuit of afforestation is also more and more interested, and the market demand is also increasing.In particular with the green lake tourist industry in riverhead ten thousand
The fast development with urban construction is risen, because shoulder pole rattan, flowers and fruits are all unusual attractive in appearance, Tourism Concept photosensitiveness and interest is full of, is
The good resources of aspect such as untapped fruit product processing at present, ecosystem tourism, Popular Science Education, landscaping greening.
But wild resource is only taken in the prior art, and wild shoulder pole rattan is born under alpine forest tree, more than 10 meters branches of winding are high
Degree is born fruit, and people want fruit picking, and have to cut down forest can just pick fresh fruit, causes forest and wild shoulder pole rattan resource heavy damage,
Resource is more and more poorer general.Therefore it is highly desirable that there is a kind of method that shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds ecosystem cultivation under woods, but
Still quickly breed ecosystem cultivation under woods technology precedent without shoulder pole rattan at present.
The content of the invention
Poor general in order to overcome and solving shoulder pole rattan resource in the prior art, difficult and application each side limitation of fruit picking etc. lacks
Fall into and not enough, primary and foremost purpose of the invention is to provide the cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds.
Application another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned cultural method.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following proposal：
The cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds, comprising cuttage and seedling culture step, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) preparation of seedling medium：It is seedling medium from river sand, river sand is carried out disinfection before cuttage；
(2) selection and preparation of cuttings：The rattan for choosing lignifying or semi-lignified is cuttings material；Rattan is cut into 12
Cuttings~16cm long, wherein each cuttings retain the rattan section of upper end 1~2, so as to rudiment；Cuttings upper end straight snips, lower end base portion
Tiltedly cut；
(3) promoting root growth treatment：The cuttings base portion lower end that will be prepared in step (2) is placed in the ABT that concentration is 100ppm and takes root
In amidin, 10~20min is soaked；
(4) cuttage：Cuttings after promoting root growth treatment in step (3) is inclined into the seedling medium after the middle sterilization of inserting step (1)
In, each cuttings top protects 1~2 rattan section and exposes matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged；
(5) managed after inserting：After cuttings cuttage, spray water immediately, keep medium of seedling bed moistening, make cutting closely tight with matrix
Patch, pre- bomb shelter influence is survived；At least spray water once daily afterwards, specifically regard medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out flexible modulation spray
Waterside number；
(6) cuttings rudiment is managed after going out leaf：After cuttage rooting rudiment goes out leaf, nutrient solution is sprayed in time, provide in time
Nutrient.The general nutrient solution of sprinkling daily 1 time, such as matrix is excessively dried, and answers timely replenishing water and preserving moisture, it is to avoid because seedling is suffered from drought withered, shadow
Sound is survived；Every 7 days, blade face, pre- preventing disease and pest are sprayed with more than 50% clever 1000 times of liquid of bacterium；
Being carried out disinfection to river sand preferably with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid to river sand described in step (1)
Carry out disinfection；
The rattan of lignifying or semi-lignified described in step (2) is preferably wild, without insect pest, not damaged, fresh flat
More than load rattan rattan stage casing, rattan saves the rattan of close, lignifying or semi-lignified；
The clip surface requirements of the cuttings described in step (2) are smooth, without fluffing；
Cuttings described in step (4) preferably according to 20~25cm of spacing in the rows, 30~35cm of line-spacing, cuttage 6~8cm of depth,
In inclination insertion seedling medium；
The formula of the nutrient solution described in step (6) is：300~400g of biphosphate, 30~50g of urea, boric acid 2~
3g, 0.15~0.25g of zinc sulfate, 2~3g of ammonium molybdate, 0.03~0.05g of copper sulphate, 1~2g of manganese sulfate, water 1000L；
The compound method of described nutrient solution is：Mixed during urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added into 1L water by formula rate
Dissolving is closed, then, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulphate, the manganese sulfate 1L that adds water mixed dissolution is carried out into, it is then molten by above-mentioned two kinds
Liquid mixes, and adds water 8L, and nutrient solution mother liquor is become after mixing；When in use, then by 1L nutritious mother liquid water distribution 100L, mix
Conjunction is directly used；The sprayable cauline leaf face of this nutrient solution, can drench filling, use safety；
The time of the cuttage described in the time of the cuttings preparation described in step (3) or step (4) is preferably for 3~June
Part；
The time of the cuttage described in the time of the cuttings preparation described in step (3) or step (4) is more preferably 3
Month；
The cultural method that described shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds, also comprising ecosystem cultivation under woods step, specifically comprising as follows
Step：
(1) cultivation forest land selection：Selection pond degree is relatively put down, and evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, and there is water source in nearly gully, more dark and damp
Woods side ground or along the river the forest ground near two sides, carry out ecosystem cultivation under woods, it is therefore an objective to adapt to the growing environment of shoulder pole rattan, and
It is wound in for it on tree by broad-leaf forest tree and is grown, prevent frost damage, while reduces the fund input of site preparation and frame；
(2) cave is beaten：Big tree of the selection diameter not less than 20cm, is making a call to one apart from the ground of each 1~1.5m in great Shu both sides is each
Individual cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 30~35cm；Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is generally 2~3m, and line-spacing is 3
~4m, also can be according to tree growth on the spot away from every plant of both sides are each to play a cave plantation；
(3) plant：The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling lifting of plantation will be met after cuttage and seedling culture, root is glued with yellow mud pulp-water, purpose exists
In moisturizing and be easy to root soil combine, reduce cavity, improve survival rate；Then shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling is tiltedly put in the middle of cave, backfills
Earth's surface loam, compacting, pours root water；
(4) cultivation management：
1. core is plucked：When shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling grows into main 1.5~2m of rattan length naturally in ecosystem sylvan life, Ying Yinteng
Upper tree, and once plucked core, purpose controls main rattan growth, increases side shoot branch, controls main rattan growth length, convenient fruit into
Plucked when ripe；When side shoot life is to 50~80cm, core is plucked to side shoot top, control side shoot is long, make its precocity fruiting, it is early rich
Produce, wherein, main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results；
2. weeding fertilising：A weeding is carried out every year, 50~100g composite fertilizers are applied once with reference to loosening the soil every plant；
Meet after cuttage and seedling culture described in step (3) the shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling of plantation for seedling a length of 10 after cuttage and seedling culture~
The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling of 20cm；
The present invention is bloomed morning in ecosystem cultivation under woods shoulder pole rattan, and yield is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can bear fruit, and the 3rd
Enter high yield period year, general every plant of yield produces 20~30 jin of fruit, and implantation time is more long, and yield is higher.
The present invention is compared with prior art to have the advantage that and beneficial effect：
(1) present invention provide shoulder pole rattan quickly breeding cultural method, can change it is existing by the poor of wild resource with
Deficiency, the method cuttage and seedling culture growth is fast, and the time is short, and after general cuttage 15~25 days, cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment
Emerge；Nursery stage is generally 50~60 days, and survival rate is high, breeding do not limited by seasonality, can to health care, fruit process,
Urban beautification afforestation ecological is traveled, and Popular Science Education etc. provides more resource guarantees.
(2) cultural method that the shoulder pole rattan that the present invention is provided quickly breeds also is included cutting propagation nursery ecosystem sylvan life
Cultivation, winds by forest, reduces frame input without damaging forest, does not damage mountain garden, and floor space is few, no pesticide grown
Growth is fast, keeps ecosystem sylvan life Growth and anthesis, as a result, reduces managerial work intensity, easily plucks, Ecological Tourism Agriculture is gone sightseeing,
Afforestation beautifies, and rustic charm is high, can make full use of local abundant mountain forest resource, realizes scale and industrialization, forms collection life
The integrated industrial chains such as state tourism, agriculture sightseeing, fruit food processing.The present invention can greatly reduce cultivation site preparation, column support, remove
The managerial work intensity such as grass, fertilising, deinsectization, cold-proof.Ecosystem cultivation under woods, arable land is not accounted for, and floor space is few, does not influence forest
Growth, vegetation landforms are not influenceed, can both have been played and protected a forest, afforest, and protect ecosystem, and sylvan life shoulder pole rattan fast-growth can be made again, into
This is low, and cultivation is yielded positive results morning, gets bumper crops, and realizes that woods fruit is economical double.
(3) present invention can further promote mountain area villager using local abundant ecology broad-leaf forest resources advantage, greatly develop
Ecological underwood planting shoulder pole rattan, solves labour employment, shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity.
(4) present invention can promote to drive local Ecological Tourism Agriculture to go sightseeing, and Fruit quality, Popular Science Education, medicinal material, city is beautiful
Change, afforestation etc. about industry development, with good Social benefit and economic benefit.Meet Guangdong Province's protection Xinfengjiang
Ecological hydrology policy, and national industrial policies.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
(1) cuttage and seedling culture：
(1) seedling growth greenhouse and seedbed groove are built：Selection ventilation, nearly water source, the flat plot of physical features is put up a shed or steelframe with bamboo and wood
The seedling growth greenhouse of domes is built up, the sunshade net of shade rate 70~80 is added a cover above arched frame.Seedling growth greenhouse The concrete specification is by breeding number
Depending on amount is how many.In greenhouse, with hollow brick or firebrick, width 1.2m, groove height 30cm, the nursery that length is not waited are built into
Groove, (depending on according to greenhouse inner area width size long).One layer of mud of pad dragon film isolates layer of ground soil, pre- bacteriological protection in bottom land
Immersion infection；
(2) selection and preparation of seedling medium：It is seedling medium from river sand, using preceding, rinses sludge using water miscellaneous
, then be put into river sand in the groove of seedbed by thing, and seedbed groove sand puts height for 20cm, is then compacted strike off with plank；Matrix is adopted in groove
With 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, with atomizers spray matrix face, carry out disinfection；
(3) selection and preparation of cuttings：June, choose it is wild, without in insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan
It is cuttings material that section, rattan save close, lignifying rattan；In the cool, with sharp secateurs by rattan be cut into 12~16cm it is long insert
Fringe, wherein each cuttings retain the rattan section of upper end 1~2, so as to rudiment；Rattan upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut, clip surface
It is required that it is smooth, without fluffing；The cuttings that will have been sheared is a bundle by every 10, facilitates promoting root growth；
(4) promoting root growth treatment：The cuttings base portion lower end that will be tied up in step (3) is placed in the ABT that concentration is 100ppm and takes root
In amidin, 20min is soaked, taken out to be inserted；
(5) cuttage：Cuttings after promoting root growth treatment in step (4) is pressed into spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 30cm, cuttage depth 6cm, is inclined
Sand bed tiltedly is inserted in, each cuttings top protects 1~2 rattan section and exposes matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged；
(6) managed after inserting：After cuttings cuttage, should be sprayed water with sprayer immediately, keep medium of seedling bed moistening, make cutting tight
It is close to matrix, pre- bomb shelter influence is survived；At least spray water once daily afterwards, specifically regard medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out spirit
Regulation water spray number of times living；
(7) cutting rudiment is managed after going out leaf：After cuttage rooting rudiment goes out leaf, (nutrient solution is matched somebody with somebody nutrient solution to be sprayed in time
Fang Jianbiao 1), nutrient is provided in time.The general nutrient solution of sprinkling daily 1 time, such as matrix is excessively dried, and answers timely replenishing water and preserving moisture, is kept away
Exempt to suffer from drought withered because of seedling, influence is survived, every 7 days, blade faces, pre- preventing disease and pest are sprayed with more than 50% clever 1000 times of liquid of bacterium；
(2) ecosystem cultivation under woods：
(1) cultivation forest land selection, selection pond degree is relatively put down, and evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, is bordering on gully, there is water source, more dark and damp
Woods side ground or along the river near two sides forest ground, carry out original ecology cultivating, it is therefore an objective to adapt to the growing environment of shoulder pole rattan, and borrow
Help broad-leaf forest tree to be wound in for it on tree to grow, prevent frost damage, while reducing the fund input of site preparation and frame；
(2) cave is beaten：Big tree of the selection diameter not less than 20cm, making a call to a cave apart from the ground of each 1m in great Shu both sides is each,
Cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 30cm；Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is 2m, and line-spacing is 3m, also can be according on the spot
Tree growth is away from every plant of both sides are each to play a cave plantation；
(3) plant：Shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling (a length of 10cm of seedling after cuttage and seedling culture) lifting of plantation will be met, yellow mud pulp-water is used
Viscous root, it is therefore intended that moisturizing and be easy to root soil to combine, reduces cavity, raising survival rate；Then by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling in cave
Between tiltedly put, then backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, pour root water；
(4) cultivation management
1. core is plucked：When shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling grows into main 1.5~2m of rattan length or so naturally in ecosystem sylvan life, should
Draw and set on rattan, and once plucked core, purpose controls main rattan growth, increases side shoot branch, controls main rattan growth length, convenient
Plucked when fruit is ripe.(main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results).When side shoot life to 50cm or so, it is right to carry out
Core is plucked on side shoot top, and control side shoot is long, makes its precocity fruiting, early high yield.
2. weeding fertilising：A weeding is carried out every year, with reference to loosening the soil every Zhu Shi 50g composite fertilizers once.Ecosystem sylvan life is planted
Training shoulder pole rattan, blooms morning, and yield is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can bear fruit, and enters within the 3rd year high yield period, and general every plant of yield produces fruit
20~30 jin, implantation time is more long, and yield is higher.
As a result：After the present embodiment cuttage 15~25 days, cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges, and nursery stage 50~
60 days.Root system is less, and sprouting time is long, survival rate 70% or so, emerges sturdy, and rattan seedling leaf is green, well-grown.
Embodiment 2
(1) cuttage and seedling culture：
(1) seedling growth greenhouse and seedbed groove are built：Selection ventilation, nearly water source, the flat plot of physical features is put up a shed or steelframe with bamboo and wood
The seedling growth greenhouse of domes is built up, the sunshade net of shade rate 70~80 is added a cover above arched frame.Seedling growth greenhouse The concrete specification is by breeding number
Depending on amount is how many.In greenhouse, with hollow brick or firebrick, width 1.2m, groove height 30cm, the nursery that length is not waited are built into
Groove, (depending on according to greenhouse inner area width size long).One layer of mud of pad dragon film isolates layer of ground soil, pre- bacteriological protection in bottom land
Immersion infection；
(2) selection and preparation of seedling medium：It is seedling medium from river sand, using preceding, rinses sludge using water miscellaneous
, then be put into river sand in the groove of seedbed by thing, and seedbed groove sand puts height for 22cm, is then compacted strike off with plank；Matrix is adopted in groove
With 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, with atomizers spray matrix face, carry out disinfection；
(3) selection and preparation of cuttings：April, choose it is wild, without on insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan
It is cuttings material that section, rattan save close, lignifying rattan；In the cool, with sharp secateurs by rattan be cut into 12~16cm it is long insert
Fringe, wherein each cuttings retain the rattan section of upper end 1~2, so as to rudiment；Rattan upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut, clip surface
It is required that it is smooth, without fluffing；The cuttings that will have been sheared is a bundle by every 10, facilitates promoting root growth；
(4) promoting root growth treatment：The cuttings base portion lower end that will be tied up in step (3) is placed in the ABT that concentration is 100ppm and takes root
In amidin, 15min is soaked, taken out to be inserted；
(5) cuttage：Cuttings after promoting root growth treatment in step (4) is pressed into spacing in the rows 22cm, line-spacing 32cm, cuttage depth 7cm, is inclined
Sand bed tiltedly is inserted in, each cuttings top protects 1~2 rattan section and exposes matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged；
(6) managed after inserting：After cuttings cuttage, should be sprayed water with sprayer immediately, keep medium of seedling bed moistening, make cutting tight
It is close to matrix, pre- bomb shelter influence is survived；At least spray water once daily afterwards, specifically regard medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out spirit
Regulation water spray number of times living.
(7) cutting rudiment is managed after going out leaf：After cuttage rooting rudiment goes out leaf, (nutrient solution is matched somebody with somebody nutrient solution to be sprayed in time
Fang Jianbiao 1), nutrient is provided in time.The general nutrient solution of sprinkling daily 1 time, such as matrix is excessively dried, and answers timely replenishing water and preserving moisture, is kept away
Exempt to suffer from drought withered because of seedling, influence is survived, every 7 days, blade faces, pre- preventing disease and pest are sprayed with more than 50% clever 1000 times of liquid of bacterium；
(2) ecosystem cultivation under woods：
(1) cultivation forest land selection, selection pond degree is relatively put down, and evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, is bordering on gully, there is water source, more dark and damp
Woods side ground or along the river near two sides forest ground, carry out original ecology cultivating, it is therefore an objective to adapt to the growing environment of shoulder pole rattan, and borrow
Help broad-leaf forest tree to be wound in for it on tree to grow, prevent frost damage, while reducing the fund input of site preparation and frame；
(2) cave is beaten：Big tree of the selection diameter not less than 20cm, is making a call to one apart from the ground of each 1.5m in great Shu both sides is each
Cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 32cm；Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is 2.5m, and line-spacing is 3.5m, can also be pressed
Tree growth according to the facts is away from every plant of both sides are each to play a cave plantation；
(3) plant：Shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling (a length of 20cm of seedling after cuttage and seedling culture) lifting of plantation will be met, yellow mud pulp-water is used
Viscous root, it is therefore intended that moisturizing and be easy to root soil to combine, reduces cavity, raising survival rate；Then by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling seedling in cave
Middle tiltedly pendulum, then backfills earth's surface loam, and root water is poured in compacting；
(4) cultivation management
1. core is plucked：When shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling grows into main 1.5~2m of rattan length or so naturally in ecosystem sylvan life, should
Draw and set on rattan, and once plucked core, purpose controls main rattan growth, increases side shoot branch, controls main rattan growth length, convenient
Plucked when fruit is ripe.(main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results).When side shoot life to 80cm or so, it is right to carry out
Core is plucked on side shoot top, and control side shoot is long, makes its precocity fruiting, early high yield.
2. weeding fertilising：A weeding is carried out every year, with reference to loosening the soil every Zhu Shi 100g composite fertilizers once.Ecosystem sylvan life is planted
Training shoulder pole rattan, blooms morning, and yield is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can bear fruit, and enters within the 3rd year high yield period, and general every plant of yield produces fruit
20~30 jin, implantation time is more long, and yield is higher.
As a result：After the present embodiment cuttage 15~25 days, cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges, and nursery stage 50~
60 days.Root system is more, and sprouting time is shorter, survival rate 85% or so, emerges sturdy, and rattan seedling leaf is green, and growth is vigorous, well.
Embodiment 3
(1) cuttage and seedling culture：
(1) seedling growth greenhouse and seedbed groove are built：Selection ventilation, nearly water source, the flat plot of physical features is put up a shed or steelframe with bamboo and wood
The seedling growth greenhouse of domes is built up, the sunshade net of shade rate 70~80 is added a cover above arched frame.Seedling growth greenhouse The concrete specification is by breeding number
Depending on amount is how many.In greenhouse, with hollow brick or firebrick, width 1.2m, groove height 30cm, the nursery that length is not waited are built into
Groove, (depending on according to greenhouse inner area width size long).One layer of mud of pad dragon film isolates layer of ground soil, pre- bacteriological protection in bottom land
Immersion infection；
(2) selection and preparation of seedling medium：It is seedling medium from river sand, using preceding, rinses sludge using water miscellaneous
, then be put into river sand in the groove of seedbed by thing, and it is 25cm that seedbed groove sand puts general height, is then compacted strike off with plank；Base in groove
Matter uses 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, with atomizers spray matrix face, carries out disinfection；
(3) selection and preparation of cuttings：March, choose it is wild, without in insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan
It is cuttings material that section, rattan save close, semi-lignified rattan；In the cool, that rattan is cut into 12~16cm with sharp secateurs is long
Cuttings, wherein each cuttings retain the rattan section of upper end 1~2, so as to rudiment；Rattan upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut, clip table
Face requirement is smooth, without fluffing；The cuttings that will have been sheared is a bundle by every 10, facilitates promoting root growth；
(4) promoting root growth treatment：The cuttings base portion lower end that will be tied up in step (3) is placed in the ABT that concentration is 100ppm and takes root
In amidin, 10min is soaked, taken out to be inserted；
(5) cuttage：Cuttings after promoting root growth treatment in step (4) is pressed into spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 35cm, cuttage depth 8cm, is inclined
Sand bed tiltedly is inserted in, each cuttings top protects 1~2 rattan section and exposes matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged；
(6) managed after inserting：After cuttings cuttage, should be sprayed water with sprayer immediately, keep medium of seedling bed moistening, make cutting tight
It is close to matrix, pre- bomb shelter influence is survived；At least spray water once daily afterwards, specifically regard medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out spirit
Regulation water spray number of times living.
(7) cutting rudiment is managed after going out leaf：After cuttage rooting rudiment goes out leaf, (nutrient solution is matched somebody with somebody nutrient solution to be sprayed in time
Fang Jianbiao 1), nutrient is provided in time.The general nutrient solution of sprinkling daily 1 time, such as matrix is excessively dried, and answers timely replenishing water and preserving moisture, is kept away
Exempt to suffer from drought withered because of seedling, influence is survived, every 7 days, blade faces, pre- preventing disease and pest are sprayed with more than 50% clever 1000 times of liquid of bacterium；
(2) ecosystem cultivation under woods：
(1) cultivation forest land selection, selection pond degree is relatively put down, and evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, is bordering on gully, there is water source, more dark and damp
Woods side ground or along the river near two sides forest ground, carry out original ecology cultivating, it is therefore an objective to adapt to the growing environment of shoulder pole rattan, and borrow
Help broad-leaf forest tree to be wound in for it on tree to grow, prevent frost damage, while reducing the fund input of site preparation and frame；
(2) cave is beaten：Big tree of the selection diameter not less than 20cm, is making a call to one apart from the ground of each 1.2m in great Shu both sides is each
Cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 35cm；Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is generally 3m, and line-spacing is 4m, can also be pressed
Tree growth according to the facts is away from every plant of both sides are each to play a cave plantation；
(3) plant：Shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling (a length of 15cm of seedling after cuttage and seedling culture) lifting of plantation will be met, yellow mud pulp-water is used
Viscous root, it is therefore intended that moisturizing and be easy to root soil to combine, reduces cavity, raising survival rate；Then by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling in cave
Between tiltedly put, then backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, pour root water；
(4) cultivation management
1. core is plucked：When shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling grows into main 1.5~2m of rattan length or so naturally in ecosystem sylvan life, should
Draw and set on rattan, and once plucked core, purpose controls main rattan growth, increases side shoot branch, controls main rattan growth length, convenient
Plucked when fruit is ripe.(main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results).When side shoot life to 60cm or so, it is right to carry out
Core is plucked on side shoot top, and control side shoot is long, makes its precocity fruiting, early high yield；
2. weeding fertilising：A weeding is carried out every year, with reference to loosening the soil every Zhu Shi 90g composite fertilizers once.Ecosystem sylvan life is planted
Training shoulder pole rattan, blooms morning, and yield is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can bear fruit, and enters within the 3rd year high yield period, and general every plant of yield produces fruit
20~30 jin, implantation time is more long, and yield is higher.
As a result：After the present embodiment cuttage 15~25 days, cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges, and nursery stage 50~
60 days.Root system is more, and sprouting time is short, survival rate 95% or so, emerges sturdy, and fast growth, rattan seedling leaf is green sturdy, vigorous,
Growth is excellent.
The nutrient solution prescription of table 1 and using effect
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method that a kind of shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds, it is characterised in that comprising cuttage and seedling culture step, it is specific comprising following step
Suddenly：
(1) preparation of seedling medium：It is seedling medium from river sand, river sand is carried out disinfection before cuttage；
(2) selection and preparation of cuttings：The rattan for choosing lignifying or semi-lignified is cuttings material；Rattan is cut into 12~
Cuttings 16cm long, wherein each cuttings retain the rattan section of upper end 1~2, and cuttings upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut；
(3) promoting root growth treatment：The cuttings base portion lower end that will be prepared in step (2) is placed in the ABT root-inducing powder water that concentration is 100ppm
In solution, 10~20min is soaked；
(4) cuttage：Cuttings after promoting root growth in step (3) is processed is inclined in the seedling medium after the middle sterilization of inserting step (1), often
Individual cuttings top retains 1~2 rattan section and exposes matrix face；
(5) managed after inserting：After cuttings cuttage, spray water immediately, keep medium of seedling bed moistening, cutting is closely close to matrix, it
At least spray water once daily afterwards；
(6) cuttings rudiment is managed after going out leaf：After cuttage rooting rudiment goes out leaf, sprinkling nutrient solution 1 time, and moisturizing in time daily is protected
It is wet；Every 7 days, blade face is sprayed with more than 50% clever 1000 times of liquid of bacterium；
The cultural method that described shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds does not receive seasonal limitation；
Being carried out disinfection to river sand described in step (1) is disappeared with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid to river sand
Poison；
The rattan of lignifying or semi-lignified described in step (2) is wild, without insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan
More than stage casing, rattan saves the rattan of close, lignifying or semi-lignified；
Cuttings described in step (4) inclines insertion according to 20~25cm of spacing in the rows, 30~35cm of line-spacing, cuttage 6~8cm of depth
In seedling medium；
The formula of the nutrient solution described in step (6) is：300~400g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30~50g of urea, 2~3g of boric acid,
0.15~0.25g of zinc sulfate, 2~3g of ammonium molybdate, 0.03~0.05g of copper sulphate, 1~2g of manganese sulfate, water 1000L；
The cultural method that described shoulder pole rattan quickly breeds also includes ecosystem cultivation under woods step, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) cultivation forest land selection：Selection pond degree is relatively put down, and evergreen broad-leaved forest is intensive, nearly gully, there is water source, more dark and damp woods side
Ground or along the river the forest ground near two sides, carry out ecosystem cultivation under woods；
(2) cave is beaten：Big tree of the selection diameter not less than 20cm, making a call to a cave apart from the ground of each 1~1.5m in great Shu both sides is each,
Cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 30~35cm；
(3) plant：The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling lifting of plantation will be met after cuttage and seedling culture, root is stained with yellow mud pulp-water, then by shoulder pole
Rattan transplanted seedling is tiltedly put in the middle of cave, backfills earth's surface loam, and root water is poured in compacting；
(4) cultivation management：
1. pinching：When shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling grows into main 1.5~2m of rattan length naturally in ecosystem sylvan life, should draw on rattan
Tree, and carry out a pinching；When side shoot life is to 50~80cm, be to the pinching of side shoot top；
2. weeding fertilising：A weeding is carried out every year, 50~100g composite fertilizers are applied once with reference to loosening the soil every plant.
2. the cultural method that shoulder pole rattan according to claim 1 quickly breeds, it is characterised in that：
The time of the cuttage described in the time of the cuttings preparation described in step (2) or step (4) is 3~June.
3. the cultural method that shoulder pole rattan according to claim 1 quickly breeds, it is characterised in that：
The time of the cuttage described in the time of the cuttings preparation described in step (2) or step (4) is March.
4. the cultural method that shoulder pole rattan according to claim 1 quickly breeds, it is characterised in that：
The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling for meeting plantation after cuttage and seedling culture described in the step of ecosystem cultivation under woods (3) is cuttage and seedling culture
The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling of a length of 10~20cm of seedling afterwards.
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