CN104737770A - Cultivating method for intermediate propagation of tetrastigma planicaule - Google Patents
Cultivating method for intermediate propagation of tetrastigma planicaule Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737770A CN104737770A CN201510193841.3A CN201510193841A CN104737770A CN 104737770 A CN104737770 A CN 104737770A CN 201510193841 A CN201510193841 A CN 201510193841A CN 104737770 A CN104737770 A CN 104737770A
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- rattan
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ratten propagation and cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivating method for intermediate propagation of tetrastigma planicaule. The cultivating method includes the step of cutting seedling; the cultivating method mainly includes the following steps: preparation of seedling substrate; selection and preparation of cutting slips, root promoting treatment, cuttage, management after cuttage, and management after cuttings sprouting and leafing. The tetrastigma planicaule obtained finally is fast in growth and high in survival rate during the process of transplanting the seedlings. The cultivating method for intermediate propagation of the tetrastigma planicaule further comprises the step of cultivating under original ecological forest; the cultivating method mainly includes the following steps: selection of cultivating forest land, cave boring, planting and cultivating management. According to the cultivating method for intermediate propagation of tetrastigma planicaule, the tetrastigma planicaule is cultivated at the original ecological forest; the cultivating method is less in floor area, low in labor management intensity, and early in blooming and fruiting; moreover, the required facilities are simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, the investment is few, cost is low, and the economical benefit is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rattan wood breeding and culturing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation.
Background technology
Shoulder pole rattan is called: flat rattan, flat bone wind, waistband rattan, sheep band wind, source Vitaceae Tetrastigma plant shoulder pole rattan.Phytomorph; Wooden large liana, hard shoulder pole shape, has joint, stem bandwidth 5 ~ 10cm, tendril is long and be wound around shape and leaf alternate, tool long handle, is palmate 5 leaflet, umbrella room shape, poly-umbrella flower liquid is raw, flower light green, berry endoplasm, oval is as grape, a string, and sparrow ovum is large, golden yellow when fruit is ripe, can eat raw, can make wine, processing beverage, the food such as jam, really ripe 11 ~ December.Under being born in high mountains and dense forests tree, being wound around it and setting, main distribution various places, south China city.Each rural area, Lv Hu top, riverhead ten thousand, wild shoulder pole rattan aboundresources, except fruit can be eaten raw, rattan, root is a kind of well Chinese medicinal herbs, its function: dispel the wind except temperature, stimulate the circulation of the blood and cause the muscles and joints to relax, cure mainly rheumatic waist-leg disease, half of unsuccessful, muscular rheumatism, lumbar muscle strain, the effects such as traumatic injury.
Lv Hu upstream, riverhead ten thousand is from the mountains, and always having goes up a hill when shoulder pole rattan fruit is ripe plucks the edible custom of fresh fruit, and because its fruit coloured gold is yellow, the sweet acid of pulp is good to eat, unique flavor, digestion-promoting spleen-invigorating, and appetizing is refreshed oneself, and is the wild good fruit of a kind of special flavor that Hakka likes edible.Along with the raising of people's living standard with to Dietotherapy health, the more and more attention of the aspects such as urban beautification afforestation agricultural sightseeing tourism, the pursuit that people beautify afforestation to ecosystem, the wild good fruit of the free of contamination characteristic of pure natural and ecological tour city is also more and more interested, and the market demand is also increasing.Particularly along with the rise of riverhead ten thousand green lake tourist industry and the fast development of urban construction, because shoulder pole rattan, flowers and fruits are all unusual attractive in appearance, be full of Tourism Concept photosensitiveness and interest, current untapped fruit product processing, ecosystem is traveled, Popular Science Education, the good resources in aspect such as landscaping greening.But only take wild resource in the prior art, and wild shoulder pole rattan be born in alpine forest tree under, being wound around more than 10 meters branch height bears fruit, people want fruit picking, have to cut down forest and just can pick fresh fruit, cause forest and the heavy damage of wild shoulder pole rattan resource, resource is more and more poorer general.Therefore people wish a kind of method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation ecosystem cultivation under woods very much, but at present still without shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation ecosystem cultivation under woods technology precedent.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome and to solve shoulder pole rattan resource in prior art poor general, defect and the deficiencies such as the limitation of the difficult and application each side of fruit picking, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is the cultivation method providing a kind of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation.
Another object of the present invention is to the application that above-mentioned cultivation method is provided.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following proposal:
A cultivation method for shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation, comprises cuttage and seedling culture step, specifically comprises following steps:
(1) preparation of seedling medium: select river sand to be seedling medium, carries out disinfection to river sand before cuttage;
(2) selection of cuttings and preparation: the rattan choosing lignification or semi-lignified is cuttings material; Rattan is cut into the cuttings that 12 ~ 16cm is long, wherein each cuttings retains 1 ~ 2, upper end rattan joint, so that rudiment; Cuttings upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut;
(3) short root process: the cuttings base portion lower end prepared in step (2) is placed in the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution that concentration is 100ppm, soaks 10 ~ 20min;
(4) cuttage: by the seedling medium after sterilization in the cuttings inclination inserting step (1) after root process short in step (3), each cuttings top is protected 1 ~ 2 rattan joint and is exposed matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged;
(5) management after inserting: after cuttings cuttage, spray water immediately, keeps medium of seedling bed moistening, and cutting is closely close to matrix, and pre-bomb shelter affects and survives; At least spray water once every day afterwards, specifically look medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out flexible modulation water spray number of times;
(6) manage after cuttings rudiment leafing: when after cuttage rooting rudiment leafing, nutrient solution will be sprayed in time, provide nutrient in time.Spray nutrient solution general every day 1 time, as matrix is too dry, should replenishing water and preserving moisture in time, avoid because seedling is suffered from drought withered, impact survives; Every 7 days, spray blade face, pre-preventing disease and pest with more than 50% clever bacterium 1000 times of liquid;
Carrying out disinfection to river sand described in step (1) preferably carries out disinfection to river sand with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid;
Lignification described in step (2) or the rattan of semi-lignified preferably wild, without more than insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan stage casing, the rattan of rattan close, the lignification of joint or semi-lignified;
The clip surface requirements of the cuttings described in step (2) is smooth, without fluffing;
Cuttings described in step (4) is preferably according to spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm, and line-spacing 30 ~ 35cm, the cuttage degree of depth 6 ~ 8cm, tilt to insert in seedling medium;
The formula of the nutrient solution described in step (6) is: biphosphate 300 ~ 400g, urea 30 ~ 50g, boric acid 2 ~ 3g, zinc sulphate 0.15 ~ 0.25g, ammonium molybdate 2 ~ 3g, copper sulphate 0.03 ~ 0.05g, manganese sulphate 1 ~ 2g, water 1000L;
The compound method of described nutrient solution is: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate to be added in 1L water by formula rate and carry out mixed dissolution, then, the 1L that zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulphate, manganese sulphate added water carries out mixed dissolution, then by above-mentioned two kinds of solution mixing, add water 8L again, after mixing, namely become nutrient solution mother liquor; When in use, then press 1L nutritious mother liquid water distribution 100L, mixing directly uses; This nutrient solution can spray cauline leaf face, can drench filling, use safety;
The time of time prepared by the cuttings described in step (3) or the cuttage described in step (4) is preferably for 3 ~ June;
More preferably March time of time prepared by the cuttings described in step (3) or the cuttage described in step (4);
The cultivation method of described shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation, also comprises ecosystem cultivation under woods step, specifically comprises following steps:
(1) cultivate forest land to select: select pond degree more flat, evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, nearly gully, have water source, the forest ground near more dark and damp ground, woods limit or along the river two sides, carries out ecosystem cultivation under woods, object is the growing environment adapting to shoulder pole rattan, and be wound in the upper growth of tree by broad leaved forest tree for it, prevent frost damage, reduce simultaneously wholely with the fund input of frame;
(2) beat cave: select diameter to be not less than the large tree of 20cm, respectively on the ground of each 1 ~ 1.5m in distance great Shu both sides make a call to a cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 30 ~ 35cm; Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is generally 2 ~ 3m, and line-spacing is 3 ~ 4m, also can according to tree growth distance on the spot, and every strain both sides are each plays a cave plantation;
(3) plant: will meet the shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling lifting of plantation after cuttage and seedling culture, and glue root with yellow mud pulp-water, object is moisturizing and is convenient to root soil to combine, and reduces cavity, improves survival rate; Then tiltedly put in the middle of cave by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling, backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, waters sufficient normal root water;
(4) cultivation management:
1. pluck core: when shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling is when ecosystem sylvan life self-sow is to main rattan 1.5 ~ 2m length, should draws rattan and climb the tree, and once pluck core, object controls the growth of main rattan, increases side shoot branch, controls main rattan growth length, plucks when convenient fruit is ripe; When side shoot life is to 50 ~ 80cm, will pluck core to side shoot top, control side shoot long, make its precocity fruiting, early high yield, wherein, main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results;
2. weeding fertilising: carry out a weeding every year, every strain executes 50 ~ 100g composite fertilizer once in conjunction with loosening the soil;
The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling meeting plantation after cuttage and seedling culture described in step (3) is that after cuttage and seedling culture, seedling length is the shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling of 10 ~ 20cm;
The present invention is in ecosystem cultivation under woods shoulder pole rattan, and bloom early, output is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can be born fruit, and within the 3rd year, enters high yield period, and fruit 20 ~ 30 jin is produced in the general every strain of output, and implantation time is longer, and output is higher.
The present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:
(1) cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation provided by the invention, can change existing poor and not enough by wild resource, the growth of the method cuttage and seedling culture is fast, and the time is short, and general cuttage is after 15 ~ 25 days, and cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges; Nursery stage is generally 50 ~ 60 days, and survival rate is high, and breeding, can to health care not by seasonal restriction, and fruit process, urban beautification afforestation ecological is traveled, and Popular Science Education etc. provide more resource guarantee.
(2) cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation provided by the invention also comprises cottage propagation nursery ecosystem cultivation under woods, be wound around by forest, reduce frame drop into and do not damage forest, do not damage mountain garden, floor space is few, no pesticide grown growth is fast, keep ecosystem sylvan life Growth and anthesis, result, reduce managerial work intensity, easy harvesting, Ecological Tourism Agriculture is gone sightseeing, afforestation beautifies, rustic charm is high, locality can be made full use of and enrich mountain forest resource, realize scale and industrialization, form collection eco-tour, agricultural is gone sightseeing, the integrated industrial chains such as fruit food processing.The present invention can greatly reduce cultivation wholely, column support, weeding, fertilising, deinsectization, the managerial work intensity such as cold-proof.Ecosystem cultivation under woods, does not account for arable land, and occupation of land space is few, does not affect tree growth; do not affect vegetation landforms, both can play and protect a forest, afforest, protection ecosystem, can make again sylvan life shoulder pole rattan grow fast; cost is low, and cultivation is yielded positive results early, high yield, realizes woods fruit economical two.
(3) the present invention can promote mountain area villager further and utilizes locality to enrich ecological broad leaved forest resources advantage, greatly develops ecological underwood planting shoulder pole rattan, solves labour employment, shakes off poverty and sets out on the road to prosperity.
(4) the present invention can promote to drive local Ecological Tourism Agriculture to go sightseeing, Fruit quality, Popular Science Education, medicinal material, and urban beautification, the development of the related industries such as afforestation, has good Social benefit and economic benefit.Meet Guangdong Province's protection Xinfengjiang ecological hydrology policy, and national industrial policies.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
(1) cuttage and seedling culture:
(1) seedling growth greenhouse and seedbed groove are built: select to ventilate, nearly water source, and the plot that physical features is smooth is built up the seedling growth greenhouse of domes, added a cover shade rate 70 ~ 80 sunshade net above arched frame with bamboo wood scaffolding or steelframe.It is how many and determine that the concrete specification of seedling growth greenhouse presses reproductive number.In booth, with hollow brick or firebrick, be built into width 1.2m, groove height 30cm, the nursery groove that length does not wait, (determining according to booth inner area length and width degree size).In bottom land, pad layer of mud dragon film isolates layer of ground soil, and prevention bacterium is immersed and infects;
(2) selection of seedling medium and preparation: selecting river sand, is seedling medium, before using, application water rinses mud foreign material, then river sand is put into seedbed groove, and it is highly 20cm that seedbed groove sand is put, and then strikes off with plank compacting; In groove, matrix adopts 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, with atomizers spray matrix face, carries out disinfection;
(3) selection of cuttings and preparation: June, choose wild, be cuttings material without insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan stage casing, close, the lignified rattan of rattan joint; In the cool, with sharp secateurs, rattan is cut into the long cuttings of 12 ~ 16cm, wherein each cuttings retains 1 ~ 2, upper end rattan joint, so that rudiment; Rattan upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut, and clip surface requirements is smooth, without fluffing; Be a bundle by the cuttings sheared by every 10, convenient short root;
(4) short root process: the cuttings base portion lower end of tying up in step (3) is placed in the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution that concentration is 100ppm, soaks 20min, take out to be inserted;
(5) cuttage: by the cuttings after root process short in step (4) by spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 30cm, cuttage degree of depth 6cm, tilt to be inserted in husky bed, each cuttings top is protected 1 ~ 2 rattan joint and is exposed matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged;
(6) management after inserting: after cuttings cuttage, should immediately with sprayer water spray, and keep medium of seedling bed moistening, cutting is closely close to matrix, pre-bomb shelter affects and survives; At least spray water once every day afterwards, specifically look medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out flexible modulation water spray number of times;
(7) manage after cutting rudiment leafing: when after cuttage rooting rudiment leafing, nutrient solution (nutrient solution prescription is in table 1) will be sprayed in time, provide nutrient in time.Spray nutrient solution general every day 1 time, as matrix is too dry, should replenishing water and preserving moisture in time, avoid because seedling is suffered from drought withered, impact survives, and every 7 days, sprays blade faces, pre-preventing disease and pest with more than 50% clever bacterium 1000 times of liquid;
(2) ecosystem cultivation under woods:
(1) cultivate forest land to select, select pond degree more flat, evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, is bordering on gully, has water source, forest ground near more dark and damp ground, woods limit or along the river two sides, carry out original ecology cultivating, object is the growing environment adapting to shoulder pole rattan, and is wound in the upper growth of tree by broad leaved forest tree for it, prevent frost damage, reduce simultaneously wholely with the fund input of frame;
(2) beat cave: select diameter to be not less than the large tree of 20cm, respectively on the ground of each 1m in distance great Shu both sides make a call to a cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 30cm; Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is 2m, and line-spacing is 3m, also can according to tree growth distance on the spot, and every strain both sides are each plays a cave plantation;
(3) plant: will meet shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling (after cuttage and seedling culture, seedling is long the is 10cm) lifting of plantation, glue root with yellow mud pulp-water, object is moisturizing and is convenient to root soil to combine, and reduces cavity, improves survival rate; Then tiltedly put in the middle of cave by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling, then backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, waters sufficient normal root water;
(4) cultivation management
1. core is plucked: when shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling is when ecosystem sylvan life self-sow is to main rattan 1.5 ~ 2m length left and right, rattan should be drawn and climb the tree, and once pluck core, object controls the growth of main rattan, increase side shoot branch, control main rattan growth length, pluck when convenient fruit is ripe.(main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results).When about 50cm is arrived in side shoot life, carry out plucking core to side shoot top, control side shoot long, make its precocity fruiting, morning gets bumper crops.
2. weeding fertilising: carry out a weeding every year, in conjunction with loosening the soil Mei Zhushi 50g composite fertilizer once.Ecosystem cultivation under woods shoulder pole rattan, bloom early, output is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can be born fruit, and within the 3rd year, enters high yield period, and fruit 20 ~ 30 jin is produced in the general every strain of output, and implantation time is longer, and output is higher.
Result: the present embodiment cuttage is after 15 ~ 25 days, and cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges, nursery stage 50 ~ 60 days.Root system is less, and sprouting time is long, survival rate about 70%, emerges sturdy, and rattan seedling leaf is green, well-grown.
Embodiment 2
(1) cuttage and seedling culture:
(1) seedling growth greenhouse and seedbed groove are built: select to ventilate, nearly water source, and the plot that physical features is smooth is built up the seedling growth greenhouse of domes, added a cover shade rate 70 ~ 80 sunshade net above arched frame with bamboo wood scaffolding or steelframe.It is how many and determine that the concrete specification of seedling growth greenhouse presses reproductive number.In booth, with hollow brick or firebrick, be built into width 1.2m, groove height 30cm, the nursery groove that length does not wait, (determining according to booth inner area length and width degree size).In bottom land, pad layer of mud dragon film isolates layer of ground soil, and prevention bacterium is immersed and infects;
(2) selection of seedling medium and preparation: selecting river sand, is seedling medium, before using, application water rinses mud foreign material, then river sand is put into seedbed groove, and it is highly 22cm that seedbed groove sand is put, and then strikes off with plank compacting; In groove, matrix adopts 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, with atomizers spray matrix face, carries out disinfection;
(3) selection of cuttings and preparation: April, choose wild, be cuttings material without insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan epimere, close, the lignified rattan of rattan joint; In the cool, with sharp secateurs, rattan is cut into the long cuttings of 12 ~ 16cm, wherein each cuttings retains 1 ~ 2, upper end rattan joint, so that rudiment; Rattan upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut, and clip surface requirements is smooth, without fluffing; Be a bundle by the cuttings sheared by every 10, convenient short root;
(4) short root process: the cuttings base portion lower end of tying up in step (3) is placed in the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution that concentration is 100ppm, soaks 15min, take out to be inserted;
(5) cuttage: by the cuttings after root process short in step (4) by spacing in the rows 22cm, line-spacing 32cm, cuttage degree of depth 7cm, tilt to be inserted in husky bed, each cuttings top is protected 1 ~ 2 rattan joint and is exposed matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged;
(6) management after inserting: after cuttings cuttage, should immediately with sprayer water spray, and keep medium of seedling bed moistening, cutting is closely close to matrix, pre-bomb shelter affects and survives; At least spray water once every day afterwards, specifically look medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out flexible modulation water spray number of times.
(7) manage after cutting rudiment leafing: when after cuttage rooting rudiment leafing, nutrient solution (nutrient solution prescription is in table 1) will be sprayed in time, provide nutrient in time.Spray nutrient solution general every day 1 time, as matrix is too dry, should replenishing water and preserving moisture in time, avoid because seedling is suffered from drought withered, impact survives, and every 7 days, sprays blade faces, pre-preventing disease and pest with more than 50% clever bacterium 1000 times of liquid;
(2) ecosystem cultivation under woods:
(1) cultivate forest land to select, select pond degree more flat, evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, is bordering on gully, has water source, forest ground near more dark and damp ground, woods limit or along the river two sides, carry out original ecology cultivating, object is the growing environment adapting to shoulder pole rattan, and is wound in the upper growth of tree by broad leaved forest tree for it, prevent frost damage, reduce simultaneously wholely with the fund input of frame;
(2) beat cave: select diameter to be not less than the large tree of 20cm, respectively on the ground of each 1.5m in distance great Shu both sides make a call to a cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 32cm; Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is 2.5m, and line-spacing is 3.5m, also can according to tree growth distance on the spot, and every strain both sides are each plays a cave plantation;
(3) plant: will meet shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling (after cuttage and seedling culture, seedling is long the is 20cm) lifting of plantation, glue root with yellow mud pulp-water, object is moisturizing and is convenient to root soil to combine, and reduces cavity, improves survival rate; Then tiltedly put in the middle of cave by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling seedling, then backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, waters sufficient normal root water;
(4) cultivation management
1. core is plucked: when shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling is when ecosystem sylvan life self-sow is to main rattan 1.5 ~ 2m length left and right, rattan should be drawn and climb the tree, and once pluck core, object controls the growth of main rattan, increase side shoot branch, control main rattan growth length, pluck when convenient fruit is ripe.(main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results).When about 80cm is arrived in side shoot life, carry out plucking core to side shoot top, control side shoot long, make its precocity fruiting, morning gets bumper crops.
2. weeding fertilising: carry out a weeding every year, in conjunction with loosening the soil Mei Zhushi 100g composite fertilizer once.Ecosystem cultivation under woods shoulder pole rattan, bloom early, output is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can be born fruit, and within the 3rd year, enters high yield period, and fruit 20 ~ 30 jin is produced in the general every strain of output, and implantation time is longer, and output is higher.
Result: the present embodiment cuttage is after 15 ~ 25 days, and cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges, nursery stage 50 ~ 60 days.Root system is more, and sprouting time is shorter, survival rate about 85%, emerges sturdy, and rattan seedling leaf is green, grows vigorous, well.
Embodiment 3
(1) cuttage and seedling culture:
(1) seedling growth greenhouse and seedbed groove are built: select to ventilate, nearly water source, and the plot that physical features is smooth is built up the seedling growth greenhouse of domes, added a cover shade rate 70 ~ 80 sunshade net above arched frame with bamboo wood scaffolding or steelframe.It is how many and determine that the concrete specification of seedling growth greenhouse presses reproductive number.In booth, with hollow brick or firebrick, be built into width 1.2m, groove height 30cm, the nursery groove that length does not wait, (determining according to booth inner area length and width degree size).In bottom land, pad layer of mud dragon film isolates layer of ground soil, and prevention bacterium is immersed and infects;
(2) selection of seedling medium and preparation: selecting river sand, is seedling medium, before using, application water rinses mud foreign material, then river sand is put into seedbed groove, and it is highly 25cm that seedbed groove sand is put general, then strikes off with plank compacting; In groove, matrix adopts 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, with atomizers spray matrix face, carries out disinfection;
(3) selection of cuttings and preparation: March, choose wild, be cuttings material without insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan stage casing, rattan joint rattan that is close, semi-lignified; In the cool, with sharp secateurs, rattan is cut into the long cuttings of 12 ~ 16cm, wherein each cuttings retains 1 ~ 2, upper end rattan joint, so that rudiment; Rattan upper end straight snips, lower end base portion is tiltedly cut, and clip surface requirements is smooth, without fluffing; Be a bundle by the cuttings sheared by every 10, convenient short root;
(4) short root process: the cuttings base portion lower end of tying up in step (3) is placed in the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution that concentration is 100ppm, soaks 10min, take out to be inserted;
(5) cuttage: by the cuttings after root process short in step (4) by spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 35cm, cuttage degree of depth 8cm, tilt to be inserted in husky bed, each cuttings top is protected 1 ~ 2 rattan joint and is exposed matrix face, so that rudiment is emerged;
(6) management after inserting: after cuttings cuttage, should immediately with sprayer water spray, and keep medium of seedling bed moistening, cutting is closely close to matrix, pre-bomb shelter affects and survives; At least spray water once every day afterwards, specifically look medium of seedling bed humidity, carry out flexible modulation water spray number of times.
(7) manage after cutting rudiment leafing: when after cuttage rooting rudiment leafing, nutrient solution (nutrient solution prescription is in table 1) will be sprayed in time, provide nutrient in time.Spray nutrient solution general every day 1 time, as matrix is too dry, should replenishing water and preserving moisture in time, avoid because seedling is suffered from drought withered, impact survives, and every 7 days, sprays blade faces, pre-preventing disease and pest with more than 50% clever bacterium 1000 times of liquid;
(2) ecosystem cultivation under woods:
(1) cultivate forest land to select, select pond degree more flat, evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, is bordering on gully, has water source, forest ground near more dark and damp ground, woods limit or along the river two sides, carry out original ecology cultivating, object is the growing environment adapting to shoulder pole rattan, and is wound in the upper growth of tree by broad leaved forest tree for it, prevent frost damage, reduce simultaneously wholely with the fund input of frame;
(2) beat cave: select diameter to be not less than the large tree of 20cm, respectively on the ground of each 1.2m in distance great Shu both sides make a call to a cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 35cm; Wherein, underwood planting spacing in the rows is generally 3m, and line-spacing is 4m, also can according to tree growth distance on the spot, and every strain both sides are each plays a cave plantation;
(3) plant: will meet shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling (after cuttage and seedling culture, seedling is long the is 15cm) lifting of plantation, glue root with yellow mud pulp-water, object is moisturizing and is convenient to root soil to combine, and reduces cavity, improves survival rate; Then tiltedly put in the middle of cave by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling, then backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, waters sufficient normal root water;
(4) cultivation management
1. core is plucked: when shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling is when ecosystem sylvan life self-sow is to main rattan 1.5 ~ 2m length left and right, rattan should be drawn and climb the tree, and once pluck core, object controls the growth of main rattan, increase side shoot branch, control main rattan growth length, pluck when convenient fruit is ripe.(main rattan is growth branch, and side shoot is branch of yielding positive results).When about 60cm is arrived in side shoot life, carry out plucking core to side shoot top, control side shoot long, make its precocity fruiting, morning gets bumper crops;
2. weeding fertilising: carry out a weeding every year, in conjunction with loosening the soil Mei Zhushi 90g composite fertilizer once.Ecosystem cultivation under woods shoulder pole rattan, bloom early, output is high, and Common Cultivation Second Year can be born fruit, and within the 3rd year, enters high yield period, and fruit 20 ~ 30 jin is produced in the general every strain of output, and implantation time is longer, and output is higher.
Result: the present embodiment cuttage is after 15 ~ 25 days, and cutting starts to take root, and top starts rudiment and emerges, nursery stage 50 ~ 60 days.Root system is many, and sprouting time is short, survival rate about 95%, emerges sturdy, fast growth, and rattan seedling leaf is green sturdy, vigorous, grows excellent.
Table 1 nutrient solution prescription and result of use
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a cultivation method for shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation, is characterized in that comprising cuttage and seedling culture step, specifically comprises following steps:
(1) preparation of seedling medium: select river sand to be seedling medium, carries out disinfection to river sand before cuttage;
(2) selection of cuttings and preparation: the rattan choosing lignification or semi-lignified is cuttings material; Rattan is cut into the cuttings that 12 ~ 16cm is long, wherein each cuttings retains 1 ~ 2, upper end rattan joint, cuttings upper end straight snips, and lower end base portion is tiltedly cut;
(3) short root process: the cuttings base portion lower end prepared in step (2) is placed in the ABT root-inducing powder aqueous solution that concentration is 100ppm, soaks 10 ~ 20min;
(4) cuttage: by the seedling medium after sterilization in the cuttings inclination inserting step (1) after root process short in step (3), each cuttings top is protected 1 ~ 2 rattan joint and is exposed matrix face;
(5) management after inserting: after cuttings cuttage, spray water immediately, keeps medium of seedling bed moistening, make cutting closely and matrix be close to, at least spray water once every day afterwards;
(6) manage after cuttings rudiment leafing: when after cuttage rooting rudiment leafing, spray nutrient solution every day 1 time, and timely replenishing water and preserving moisture; Every 7 days, spray blade face with more than 50% clever bacterium 1000 times of liquid.
2. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Carrying out disinfection to river sand described in step (1) carries out disinfection to river sand with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid.
3. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Lignification described in step (2) or the rattan of semi-lignified be wild, without more than insect pest, not damaged, fresh shoulder pole rattan rattan stage casing, the rattan of rattan close, the lignification of joint or semi-lignified.
4. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Cuttings described in step (4) is according to spacing in the rows 20 ~ 25cm, and line-spacing 30 ~ 35cm, the cuttage degree of depth 6 ~ 8cm, tilt to insert in seedling medium.
5. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The formula of the nutrient solution described in step (6) is: biphosphate 300 ~ 400g, urea 30 ~ 50g, boric acid 2 ~ 3g, zinc sulphate 0.15 ~ 0.25g, ammonium molybdate 2 ~ 3g, copper sulphate 0.03 ~ 0.05g, manganese sulphate 1 ~ 2g, water 1000L.
6. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The time of time prepared by the cuttings described in step (3) or the cuttage described in step (4) is 3 ~ June.
7. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
The time of time prepared by the cuttings described in step (3) or the cuttage described in step (4) is March.
8. the cultivation method of the shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that also comprising ecosystem cultivation under woods step, specifically comprises following steps:
(1) cultivate forest land to select: select pond degree more flat, evergreen leaves moisting forest is intensive, and, there is water source in nearly gully, the forest ground near more dark and damp ground, woods limit or along the river two sides, carries out ecosystem cultivation under woods;
(2) beat cave: select diameter to be not less than the large tree of 20cm, respectively on the ground of each 1 ~ 1.5m in distance great Shu both sides make a call to a cave, cave specification is 50cm × 60cm, and acupoint depth is 30 ~ 35cm;
(3) plant: will meet the shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling lifting of plantation after cuttage and seedling culture, and glue root with yellow mud pulp-water, then tiltedly put in the middle of cave by shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling, backfill earth's surface loam, compacting, waters sufficient normal root water;
(4) cultivation management:
1. core is plucked: when shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling is when ecosystem sylvan life self-sow is to main rattan 1.5 ~ 2m length, rattan should be drawn and climb the tree, and once pluck core; When side shoot life is to 50 ~ 80cm, core to be plucked to side shoot top;
2. weeding fertilising: carry out a weeding every year, every strain executes 50 ~ 100g composite fertilizer once in conjunction with loosening the soil.
9. the cultivation method of shoulder pole rattan Fast-propagation according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
The shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling meeting plantation after cuttage and seedling culture described in step (3) is that after cuttage and seedling culture, seedling length is the shoulder pole rattan transplanted seedling of 10 ~ 20cm.
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