CN106386366A - Method for cleaning forest of three-leaf akebia in bionic wild cultivation in medium height mountainous area - Google Patents
Method for cleaning forest of three-leaf akebia in bionic wild cultivation in medium height mountainous area Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386366A CN106386366A CN201610947519.XA CN201610947519A CN106386366A CN 106386366 A CN106386366 A CN 106386366A CN 201610947519 A CN201610947519 A CN 201610947519A CN 106386366 A CN106386366 A CN 106386366A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cleaning a forest of three-leaf akebia in bionic wild cultivation in a medium height mountainous area. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, observing and classifying, namely, classifying trees to be trimmed into a crushing type and a non-crushing type, adjusting tree shapes from bottom to top, thickening the trees, settling disordered branches, and cutting and trimming the trees from top to bottom; and finally inspecting and processing, and selecting a field and soil before the forest of the three-leaf akebia in bionic wild cultivation in the medium height mountainous area is cleaned. By adopting the method, support wood can be provided for the three-leaf akebia in bionic wild cultivation by using low and short bush and properly trimmed artificial forests in the forest of the medium height mountainous area, and related parameters, tree trimming methods and canopy density ranges of trees as supports, and three-dimensional development of waste braches, are specified for the three-leaf akebia in bionic wild cultivation in the medium height mountainous area; and by adjusting the growth direction of the branches of the trees, the height of the support wood can be controlled to be about 2m, and the canopy density can be within 0.10-0.25.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of more particularly, to a kind of middle alpine region
The method of clear woods.
Background technology
With agriculture large-area pesticide abuse and chemical fertilizer, Residual Pesticides in Farm Produce problem is increasingly severe, if not
Corresponding specification and adjustment are carried out to production environment, cultivation mode, it will bring serious environmental pollution, or even have influence on people
Normal production and life.In addition, with science progress and growth in the living standard people for agricultural product consumption idea
Also gradually there occurs change.From the point of view of consumption market, the consumption focus of the masses from the mouthfeel of agricultural product, edible rate with
And price transferred to ecosystem, on the organic and health care of green.A lot of traditional agricultures all start to green, ecological,
Organic transition, the theory of pseudo-wild cultivating is exactly to rely on its original ecosystem resource completely, using the biota of its own
The stability falling, does not apply any pesticide, chemical fertilizer and other additive, allows plant naturally to grow, and is entirely pure natural, green
The organic agricultural product of color, on the one hand can improve the utilization rate of idle sylvan life resource, be also effectively reduced to ecological environment meanwhile
Pollution.Threeleaf akebia (Akebia trifoliata) is a kind of perennial evergreen bejuco of Lardizabalaceae, and fruit is commonly called as
Fructus Akebiae, Fructus Akebiae, Fructus Akebiae etc., the milky white edible of sarcocarp, there is a kind of taste being mixed with Fructus Musae, Fructus Litchi and Sirikaya, separately
Outward, threeleaf akebia free aminoacid content enriches, and wherein also includes human body itself and can not synthesize necessary aminoacid, has high
Nutritive value and the effect such as edible, medical treatment, beauty treatment and health care, be distributed widely in basin on the south China the Changjiang river.According to《Book on Chinese herbal medicine
Pick up any lost article from the road》、《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》Deng record, Trilobed Caulis Akebiae fruit " meridian distribution of property and flavor, bitter, flat, Return liver, stomach." there is depressed liver-energy dispersing and QI regulating,
Removing obstruction for relieving pain, diuresis, the effects such as lactogenesis.What modern domestic and international research threeleaf akebia was more is concentrated mainly on Korea S and day
This.Its initial processing can be just fruit juice, fruit wine and fruit jam etc. by certain process meanses by fresh fruit；Seed can extract
Go out the high quality oils rich in unsaturated fatty acid；As a kind of climbing plant, threeleaf akebia is shapeable strong, and branch shape is powerful, flower
Color is simple and elegant, be used for the potted plant aspect of gardening very early abroad, along with its strong stress resistance, is also adapted for middle alpine soil poor soil
The improvement on ground, is one and vitalizes the idle waste, effective means of forest land development of middle high mountain.
Generally speaking, threeleaf akebia is nutritious, deep processing bore is wide, also have by force with aspect of improving the ecological environment in greening
Big potentiality, are a kind of Special plants with higher economic worth, have wide market prospect and social benefit.Current
Cropping pattern directly carries out large-scale traditional standardized cultivation using cement pillar built after substantially circulating out by arable land
Training, this kind of method needs to put into substantial amounts of soil running expense, takies large-area arable land and subsequently high operational management
Expense.Pseudo-wild cultivating pattern is mainly used in the development of middle high mountain agricultural industry, and its theory is exactly low input, have output, pure
Natural green is organic.When clear woods, as supporter trees be live can be permanent utilization, simultaneously imitate wild
As the beautification that the trees of supporter are tree-like in cultivation, the control of canopy density scope, ecology prevent the means and periodically of pest and disease damage
The growing way of adjustment trees is the important measures of sustainable development.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide in a kind of threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region clear woods method it is intended to
Solve the trees as supporter in present pseudo-wild cultivating tree-like uneven, wire gauze and the laying of cement pillar are difficult, woods
The high problem of the excessive and residual branch difficult treatment of middle canopy density, cost of transportation.
The present invention is achieved in that
Examine first, determine Type of Forest Land, this kind of method be primarily suitable for arbor shrub mix hand over band sparse wood,
Forest land after shrub land and conceding the land to forestry, possible and inapplicable for other forest lands；
Next is classified it would be desirable to the branch pruned is divided into pulverizing class and non-pulverizing class；
Adjust tree-like more from top to bottom, carry out unrestrained, arrange miscellaneous branch；
Then cut from top to bottom change trees, carry out the pruning of large span, distribution work will be taken for bough and trunk
Method；
Finally, check processing, consolidant is carried out for big wound and smears.
In the logical pseudo-wild cultivating of this SANYE wood, the method for clear woods specifically includes following steps：
First, plan landform, bulk, irregular forest land is divided into according to the trend of landform fritter and regular
Woodlot, each woodlot is taken one plant of threeleaf akebia Seedling of one plant of climber, is bound.
Then, the forest after pruning is divided into pulverizing class and non-pulverizing class, according to d<The branch of 8cm is to pulverize class, d>8cm
Branch is that non-pulverizing class is divided；The branch of pulverizing class is pruned and is laid on the native ridge week that threeleaf akebia is piled up after pulverizing
While being fostered and apply fertilizer, non-pulverizing class is sawed after-frame and is constituted a natural edible bacterium inoculation timber frame, the ground that timber frame is chosen
Side needs larger humidity, and according to planning, it is very suitable that timber frame is built above gutter；
Adjustment from top to bottom is tree-like again, carries out unrestrained, wipes out the d such as thin and weak branch, deadwood and dislocation branch<8cm's is little
Branch.
Then cutting and change trees from top to bottom, carries out the pruning of large span, needs to carry out point for big branch and trunk
Step operation, prevents staff from the phenomenon such as danger and stub appearance splitting；
Finally check processing, will carry out disinfection the process with Wound-healing agent for excessive wound.
Further, arranging miscellaneous branch method is：First bough (d>8cm) sprig (d afterwards<8cm), first top branch rear lower branch, first
Peripheral branch after interior thorax branch.
Further, pruning method is：
Shrub and hedge trimmer direct shearing is used when withe is pruned；
When pruning to bough and trunk, using substep working system, concretely comprise the following steps：
The pruning method of bough：First determine saw kerf, then from require saw kerf to treetop direction extend 20cm away from, from branch
Lower section saws a kerf upwards, and depth is the half of branch rugosity, slightly goes up sawing mouth again in relative direction, and branch is sawed-off, stays
Article one, stub；Then remove stub from the saw of kerf on the lower, the copper-bath with 20% is sterilized to saw kerf；The branch base portion pruned
Thick. section should not be concordant with raw branch, and should be outwards slightly oblique, to avoid section excessive, leads to wound to be difficult to heal, cuts
The excessive saw kerf healing time in face is slow, causes to rot to prevent disease pest from invading people, can smear paint or preservative at section,
Finally coat protective agent.
The pruning method of trunk:One otch of bottom-up saw in front of section, saw kerf depth can be in branch l/3.
Then slightly go up sawing mouth again in relative direction, when wanting sawed-off, touched forward with handss and can break lopping, section is excessive
Saw kerf healing time is slow, causes to rot to prevent disease pest from invading people, can smear paint or preservative, finally coat at section
Protective agent.
Further, the described tree-like inclusion ring-type adjusting tree-like middle adjustment and natural open centre shape；
Described ring-type does not have center major branch, the only trunk of one section of height, and trunk is distributed 3～5 major branches；Uniformly to
Surrounding is distributed, mitogenetic side shoot again on major branch, in neat regular mitogenetic；
Described naturally happy type does not have center major branch, and branching-point is relatively low, 3～5, major branch, and radiation is distributed on trunk,
Center deployment, center branch is not empty, forms the happy tree crown of nature.
Further, described require saw kerf to be neat saw kerf, protective agent includes protecting wax or mixed paint.
Further, need to carry out place election before clear woods in the logical pseudo-wild cultivating of described SANYE wood and soil selects.
Further, described place election method is：
First have to avoid the location of polluter；
Secondly, near water source, or one outlet of setting is guided by water pipe, a water-retention can also be built at top
Pond, builds Irrigation Ditch along the plot side dividing, and is sufficient enough it is not necessary to special throw typically in woodland market
Enter, and the drought resistance ability of threeleaf akebia, by force it is only necessary to prevent hydrops, finally needs to build machine in plantation place periphery
Cultivated road simultaneously needs to encircle and hunt down wall at the edge in plantation place, prevents the cattle and sheep on mountain from eating threeleaf akebia.
Furthermore selection water stain-free, no low-lying, well-drained location, and select canopy density shrub between 0.10～0.25
Mix sparse woods hillside fields or the cheuch of friendship with arbor, the selection of the gradient is between 15 degree to 30 degree.
Further, place election is in the place of below height above sea level 2300m.
Further, soil system of selection is：
Select half Yin Shanpo of fertile soil, bushes, mountain region woods, topsoil is the fertile soil of slant acidity, and pH value is
5.0～6.5,2.0%～2.7%, 0.12%～0.15%, soil density mostly is and contains sandy soil N content for organic content,
25%～32%, cubsoil is red soil or the yellow earth of chiltern to soil moisture in layer, the many granite of matrix, shale and limestone.
Further, by chiltern fallen leaves fertile soil when described soil selects>Chiltern yellow earth or red soil>The yellow earth of viscosity or red soil
Principle selects soil.
By the present invention only need to using existing short shrub tree crown and suitable prune after artificial forest tree crown be
Pseudo-wild cultivating provides supporter；Do not need the supporters such as wire gauze, and do not need in addition to lay large-scale bearing column, save fortune
Defeated and labour cost；Secondly according to the different size wiping out rear branch, classified and processed, diameter d<The branch powder of 8cm
Broken as the substrate fostered and apply fertilizer, not there is a problem of that pollution, soil compaction etc. apply chemical fertilizer, and from cost on, significantly save
The about input of fertilizer expenses；In addition, for non-pulverize class branch, can on the spot frame constitute edible fungi timber frame, no
Need extra reception transport and the expense pulverized, be sufficiently used the waste material after building, embody green, ecology, organic
Ecological agriculture theory, and be very suitable for the management characteristic of middle high mountain agricultural extensive style.
By the present invention solve in present pseudo-wild cultivating as supporter trees tree-like do not beautify, closing are spent
Greatly, the problem that the popular arbor that is serious, supporting stress of single cropping pest and disease damage is easily broken off, and determine the support woods after pruning
Wood height and the parameter area of canopy density.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of clear woods in the middle alpine region threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating that the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the application principle of the present invention is explained in detail.
As shown in Figure 1：The method of clear woods in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Comprise the following steps：
S101：Arrange miscellaneous branch first, forest is divided into pulverizing class and is arranged with non-pulverizing class；
S102：Secondly adjustment from top to bottom is tree-like, carries out unrestrained, then will cut from top to bottom and change trees, be repaiied
Cut；
S103：Finally check processing.
In alpine region threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating in this, the method for clear woods specifically includes following steps：
First, plan landform, bulk, irregular forest land is divided into according to the trend of landform and the demand of production
Fritter, regular woodlot, preferably square and rectangle, the fully practical situation with reference to forest land carry out relatively flexible
Process, the periphery of each woodlot preferably both leaves the large-scale arbor stub in more than 20cm for 4 diameters of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground to make framework wire gauze
Force column use, when framework stress pillar, around stub iron wire need to soft iron piece weld to protect load stub,
Can enter if necessary and outside row bound stress wire gauze, draw setting, and note the stress balance of stress pillar, prevent the canopy that collapses.
Then, forest is divided into pulverizing class and non-pulverizing class, partitioning standards are branch diameter（d<8cm）For pulverizing class, branch
Bar diameter（d>8cm）For non-pulverizing class.The branch of pulverizing class is laid on plant week as fertilizer after can pruning pulverizing
While being fostered and apply fertilizer, non-pulverizing class is then to saw after-frame to constitute a natural edible bacterium inoculation timber frame.
Adjustment from top to bottom is tree-like again, carries out unrestrained, then will cut from top to bottom and change trees, be pruned.
Finally check processing, strive accomplishing satisfactorily thoughtful.
Further, arranging miscellaneous branch method is：Sprig after first bough, first top branch rear lower branch, peripheral branch after thorax branch in elder generation.
Further, pruning method is：
Shears direct shearing is used when withe is pruned；
When pruning to bough and trunk, using substep working system, concretely comprise the following steps：
The pruning method of bough：First determine saw kerf, then from require saw kerf to treetop direction extend 20cm away from, from branch
Lower section saws a kerf upwards, and depth is the half of branch rugosity, slightly goes up sawing mouth again in relative direction, and branch is sawed-off, stays
Article one, stub；Then remove stub from the saw of kerf on the lower, the copper-bath with 20% is sterilized to saw kerf；The branch base portion pruned
Thick. section should not be concordant with raw branch, and should be outwards slightly oblique, to avoid section excessive, leads to wound to be difficult to heal, cuts
The excessive saw kerf healing time in face is slow, causes to rot to prevent disease pest from invading people, can smear paint or preservative at section,
Finally coat protective agent.
The pruning method of trunk:One otch of bottom-up saw in front of section, saw kerf depth can be in branch l/3.
Then slightly go up sawing mouth again in relative direction, when wanting sawed-off, touched forward with handss and can break lopping, section is excessive
Saw kerf healing time is slow, causes to rot to prevent disease pest from invading people, can smear paint or preservative, finally coat at section
Protective agent.
Further, the described tree-like inclusion ring-type adjusting tree-like middle adjustment and natural open centre shape；
Described ring-type does not have center major branch, the only trunk of one section of height, and trunk is distributed 3～5 major branches；Uniformly to
Surrounding is distributed, mitogenetic side shoot again on major branch, in neat regular mitogenetic；
Described naturally happy type does not have center major branch, and branching-point is relatively low, 3～5, major branch, and radiation is distributed on trunk,
Center deployment, center branch is not empty, forms the happy tree crown of nature.
Further, described require saw kerf to be neat saw kerf, protective agent includes protecting wax or mixed paint.
Further, need to carry out place election before the clear woods of logical pseudo-wild cultivating of described SANYE wood and soil selects.
Further, described place election method is：
First have to avoid the location of polluter；
Secondly, near water source, or one outlet of setting is guided by water pipe, periphery builds tractor road in plantation place
And need to encircle and hunt down wall at the edge in plantation place,
Furthermore selection water stain-free, no low-lying, well-drained location, and select canopy density shrub between 0.10～0.25
Mix sparse woods hillside fields or the cheuch of friendship with arbor, the selection of the gradient is between 15 degree to 30 degree.
Further, place election is in the place of below height above sea level 2300m.
Further, soil system of selection is：
Select half Yin Shanpo of fertile soil, bushes, mountain region woods, topsoil is the fertile soil of slant acidity, and pH value is
5.0～6.5,2.0%～2.7%, 0.12%～0.15%, soil density mostly is and contains sandy soil N content for organic content,
25%～32%, cubsoil is red soil or the yellow earth of chiltern to soil moisture in layer, the many granite of matrix, shale and limestone.
Further, by chiltern fallen leaves fertile soil when described soil selects>Chiltern yellow earth or red soil>The yellow earth of viscosity or red soil
Principle selects soil.
With reference to principle analysis, the present invention is further described.
In general, deciduous tree and evergreen pruning period should have any different.Deciduous tree winter dormancy, at this moment prunes nutrient
Loss is few, and wound healing is fast.The root of evergreen tree is movable all the year round with branch and leaf, and metabolism is more than, therefore in leaf, nutrient is not exclusively used
In storage, when cutting off branch and leaf, wherein nutrient loss, affect arboreal growth.The general evening having crossed in the winter time in evergreen tree-pruning period
Spring.The main object of clear woods is that light transmission is not strong, and forest land more than 0.3 for the canopy density need to be deferred to during cleaning：Beautification tree
Shape, ratio of coordinating, adjustment tree vigo(u)r, optimization forest land light transmission condition.When pruning to bough and trunk, substep working system can be adopted.
First determine saw kerf, then from requiring saw kerf to extend away from 20cm to treetop direction, saw a kerf below branch upwards, depth is
The half of branch rugosity, slightly goes up sawing mouth again in relative direction, and branch is sawed-off, leaves a stub；Then from saw kerf on the lower
Place's saw removes stub, and the copper-bath with 20% is sterilized to saw kerf；Saw, except larger branch, causes wound face larger, its section is normal
Because drench with rain or pathogenic bacteria invade and rot.When therefore saw is except tree limb, saw kerf must be whole, and the copper-bath with 20% is disappearing
Poison, finally coats protective agent（Protection wax, mixed paint etc.）, with anti-corrosion effect that is anti-dry and promoting healing.Pruning in trees
It is also noted that the entirety of pruning tool is used in journey, to usually keep it sharp for pruning tool, transport on branch
The machinery made or stair need to carry out before the use and corresponding check it is ensured that the safety that will not make a difference during pruning
Phenomenon, especially during the use of some edge tools, prevent from injuring the person as far as possible.
The forest moulding pruned mainly has ring-type, naturally directly form, many major branches shape, natural open centre shape etc., and wherein three
What leaf Caulis Akebiae pseudo-wild cultivating was used is two kinds therein：Ring-type and natural open centre shape.Ring-type is that do not have center major branch,
The trunk of only one section of height, trunk is distributed 3～5 major branches.Uniformly to surrounding distribution, mitogenetic side shoot again on major branch, in whole
Attractive in appearance regular mitogenetic together；Naturally happy type：There is no center major branch, branching-point is relatively low, 3～5, major branch, radiation is distributed in trunk
On, center deployment, center branch is not empty, forms the happy tree crown of nature.Support forest uniform height after pruning is 2m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground
Then guard more than the excessively tall and big arbor of 50cm and prune, artificial forest can be with all operationss.
Pruning method：When pollard, withe shears, thick branch handsaw, in order to avoid not making branch during lopping
Ward off in clip and split the safety it is ensured that operator, block vertical growth bough when, first determine saw kerf, then from will
Ask saw kerf to extend at 20cm to treetop direction, saw a kerf below branch upwards, depth is the half of branch rugosity, relatively
Sawing mouth is more slightly gone up in direction, and branch is sawed-off, leaves a stub；Then remove stub from the saw of kerf on the lower, with 20% sulphuric acid
Copper solution is sterilized to saw kerf；The branch base portion pruned is thick. and section should not be concordant with raw branch, and should be outwards slightly oblique, with
Avoid section excessive, lead to wound to be difficult to heal, the excessive saw kerf healing time in section is slow, causes corruption to prevent disease pest from invading people
Rotten, paint or preservative can be smeared at section.
Clear woods instrument：Shrub and hedge trimmer, handsaw, ladder, safety belt rope；
Clear woods pruning technique specification：
It should check to power tool before operation.As whether firmly closed ladder, have or not fracture, between the ladder of two sides
Whether pull bar is damaged.
Carry out the operation height of tree trimming, when apart from more than 3 meters of ground, belong to work high above the ground it is necessary to wear soft base fabric
Footwear or rubber overshoes, and require to wear safety rope belt, and the bottom of s trouser leg need to tighten.
When work high above the ground, under tree is set, want close fit, before disconnected branch, operator will inform under tree, the operation under tree
Person simultaneously reminds other people of dealing to take care.
The sword of shrub and hedge trimmer is sharp enough, wound smooth after being conducive to pruning and ensure the healing of the wound of trees,
When sparse branching, branch to be wiped out and not toothing by neat root.
When pollard, withe shears, thick branch handsaw, in order to avoid not making branch ward off in clip during lopping
Split the safety it is ensured that operator, block vertical growth bough when, first determine saw kerf, then from requiring saw kerf to tree
Tip direction extends at 20cm, saws a kerf below branch upwards, and depth is the half of branch rugosity, slightly goes up in relative direction again
Sawing mouth, branch is sawed-off, leave a stub；Then remove stub from the saw of kerf on the lower, the copper-bath with 20% is to saw
Mouth sterilization；The branch base portion pruned is thick. and section should not be concordant with raw branch, and should be outwards slightly oblique, to avoid section mistake
Greatly, wound is led to be difficult to heal, the excessive saw kerf healing time in section is slow, causes to rot to prevent disease pest from invading people, Ke Yi
Paint or preservative is smeared at section.
Need before clear woods in the logical pseudo-wild cultivating of SANYE wood to carry out place election and soil selects.
Place election is：
Threeleaf akebia is berries liana half deciduous fruit tree, all can plant in the area of height above sea level 200m～2300m, adaptability
Extensively.Pseudo-wild cultivating is a kind of green, environmental protection, organic and whole retrospective fitness mode, and the selection in its place is intended to first
Avoid the location of polluter；It is therefore desirable to next is near water source, or guides one outlet of setting by water pipe（Each goes out
Depending on situation around the installation warrants of mouth）, in plantation place, periphery needs to build tractor road, and tractor road preferably uses cement
Or the road surface of the mixing material making such as Colophonium and sandstone, secondly it is to tie rubble, slag etc. using dry-pressing rubble, mud to carry out compacted soil paving
The road surface built.
The Standard General of tractor road is bicycle road, calculates 20 kilometers/hour of road speed, 0.5 meter of width of subgrade, at interval
In the range of 200～300 meters, the relatively flat open local setting lay-by of physical features, at lay-by, width of subgrade is not less than 6.5
Rice, effective length is not less than 20 meters, answers intervisibility between two lay-bys.
Tractor road should arrange horizontal curve and vertical curve, should accomplish during design plane pleasantly, the gradient equilibrium, plane of structure reasonable.Curved
Road plane curve radius is typically no less than 15 meters, and particular difficulty location is not less than 10 meters.When radius of horizontal curve is less than 15 meters, should
Superelevation is set and widens；The maximum longitudinal grade of tractor road, within 9%, synthesizes longitudinal gradient within 10%, more than 2000 meters or long-pending of height above sea level
Snow frost region maximum longitudinal grade degree must not exceed 8%；The design of roadbed should be according to local geology, the hydrology and material context, Ji Yaoyou
Enough strength and stabilities, economical rationality again, and it is equipped with stablizing of perfect pumping equipment guarantee roadbed, the depth in gutter
Degree and width are not less than 0.3m；Building of tractor road not only facilitates transporting but also facilitating artificial management of product.
The periphery in next place has to pollution-free, including water pollution, heavy metal pollution etc..
Further, since being in mountain area it is contemplated that having that resident is wild in mountain to put the domestic animals such as cattle, sheep in a suitable place to breed, in plantation place
Edge needs to encircle and hunt down wall, and the calibrated altitude of enclosure wall is 2m.
The strong stress resistance of threeleaf akebia, blade is keratin, drought-enduring strong with cold ability, can adapt to multiple soil types, avoids
Location water stain, low-lying, that draining is difficult, because easily causing the phenomenon of rotten；The climbing stem of threeleaf akebia has and grows on the sunny side
Characteristic, in the high forest of canopy density more than 0.70, the growth of threeleaf akebia is more serious by being affected ratio, optimal closing
Degree is sparse woods hillside fields or the cheuch that shrub and arbor mix friendship between 0.10～0.25, the selection of the gradient 15 degree to 30 degree it
Between facilitate manual work.
Soil selects：
To be distributed in draining good more for threeleaf akebia, half Yin Shanpo of fertile soil, bushes, mountain region woods etc., and property happiness is cool
Refreshing, warm and humid environment.Topsoil is preferably the fertile soil of slant acidity, and pH value is between 5.0～6.5, and organic content exists
2.0%～2.7%, 0.12%～0.15%, soil density mostly is and contains sandy soil N content, soil moisture in layer 25%～32%, the heart
Soil is red soil or the yellow earth of chiltern, the many granite of matrix, shale and limestone.
Threeleaf akebia is shallow root seeds, well developed root system, meets section to take root, grows rapid, and sheeting becomes net；It is mainly distributed on residual
Between slag blanket and plough sole, thickness is in the topsoil of 10～15cm, and the soil texture with loose, good air permeability, keeping fertility is by force
Good.
The sequence of soil types：Chiltern fallen leaves fertile soil>Chiltern yellow earth（Red soil）>The yellow earth of viscosity（Red soil）.
By the present invention only need to using existing short shrub tree crown and suitable prune after artificial forest tree crown be
Pseudo-wild cultivating provides supporter；
By the present invention solve in present pseudo-wild cultivating as supporter trees tree-like do not beautify, canopy density scope
And how adjusting the problem of the growing way of trees, in 2m, canopy density are 0.10～0.25 for the support height of crop after pruning.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. in a kind of threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that alpine region three in this
In leaf Caulis Akebiae pseudo-wild cultivating, the method for clear woods comprises the following steps：
Examine first, determine Type of Forest Land, this kind of method is primarily suitable for arbor shrub and mixes sparse wood, the shrub handing over band
Forest land behind forest land and conceding the land to forestry, possible and inapplicable for other forest lands；
Next is classified it would be desirable to the branch pruned is divided into pulverizing class and non-pulverizing class；
Adjust tree-like more from top to bottom, carry out unrestrained, arrange miscellaneous branch；
Then cut from top to bottom change trees, carry out the pruning of large span, substep working system will be taken for bough and trunk；
Finally, check processing, consolidant is carried out for big wound and smears.
2. as claimed in claim 1 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region clear woods method it is characterised in that should
In the pseudo-wild cultivating of threeleaf akebia, the method for clear woods specifically includes following steps：
First, plan landform, bulk, irregular forest land is divided into according to the trend of landform fritter and regular little
Forest land, takes one plant of threeleaf akebia Seedling of one plant of climber in each woodlot, is bound；
Then, the forest after pruning is divided into pulverizing class and non-pulverizing class, according to d<The branch of 8cm is to pulverize class, d>8cm branch
Divided for non-pulverizing class；Pulverize class branch prunes pulverizing after be laid on the native ridge periphery that threeleaf akebia piles up and enter
Row is fostered and apply fertilizer, and non-pulverizing class is sawed after-frame and constituted a natural edible bacterium inoculation timber frame, and the place that timber frame is chosen needs
Want larger humidity, according to planning, it is very suitable that timber frame is built above gutter；
Adjustment from top to bottom is tree-like again, carries out unrestrained, wipes out thin and weak branch, deadwood and dislocation branch d<The small stems of 8cm；
Then cutting and change trees from top to bottom, carries out the pruning of large span, needs to carry out substep to make for big branch and trunk
Industry, prevents staff's appearance danger and stub from splitting phenomena；
Finally check processing, will carry out disinfection the process with Wound-healing agent for excessive wound.
3. as claimed in claim 1 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that whole
Managing miscellaneous branch method is：Sprig after first bough, first top branch rear lower branch, peripheral branch after thorax branch in elder generation.
4. as claimed in claim 1 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that repairing
Shear method is：
Shrub and hedge trimmer direct shearing is used when withe is pruned；
When pruning to bough and trunk, using substep working system, concretely comprise the following steps：
The pruning method of bough：First determine saw kerf, then from require saw kerf to treetop direction extend 20cm away from, below branch
Saw a kerf upwards, depth is the half of branch rugosity, slightly goes up sawing mouth again in relative direction, and branch is sawed-off, leaves one
Stub；Then remove stub from the saw of kerf on the lower, the copper-bath with 20% is sterilized to saw kerf；The branch base portion pruned is thick
Greatly. section should not be concordant with raw branch, and should be outwards slightly oblique；Smear paint or preservative at section, finally coat guarantor
Shield agent；
The pruning method of trunk:One otch of bottom-up saw in front of section, saw kerf depth can be in branch l/3. and then
Slightly go up sawing mouth again in relative direction, when wanting sawed-off, touched forward with handss and can break lopping, the excessive saw kerf in section
Healing time is slow, need to carry out disinfection and finally coat protective agent, to prevent from infecting.
5. as claimed in claim 1 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that institute
State the tree-like inclusion ring-type adjusting tree-like middle adjustment and natural open centre shape.
6. as claimed in claim 1 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region clear woods method it is characterised in that protect
Shield agent includes protecting wax, mixed paint and consolidant.
7. as claimed in claim 1 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that institute
Need before the clear woods of logical pseudo-wild cultivating stating SANYE wood to carry out place election and soil selects.
8. as claimed in claim 7 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that institute
Stating place election method is：
Avoid the location of polluter first；
Secondly, near water source, or one outlet of setting is guided by water pipe, periphery builds tractor road in plantation place；
Furthermore selection water stain-free, no low-lying, well-drained location, and select canopy density shrub and Qiao between 0.10～0.25
The mixed sparse woods hillside fields handed over of wood or cheuch, the gentle slope selecting between 15 degree to 30 degree of the gradient.
9. as claimed in claim 7 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region the method for clear woods it is characterised in that field
Ground selects in the place of below height above sea level 2300m.
10. as claimed in claim 7 in the threeleaf akebia pseudo-wild cultivating of middle alpine region clear woods method it is characterised in that
Soil system of selection is：
In half Yin Shanpo of fertile soil, bushes, mountain region woods, artificial forest selects the fertile soil that topsoil is slant acidity, pH
It is worth for 5.0～6.5,2.0%～2.7%, 0.12%～0.15%, soil density is containing sand to N content for organic content
Matter soil, 25%～32%, cubsoil is red soil or the yellow earth of chiltern to soil moisture in layer, the many granite of matrix, shale and
The soil of limestone.
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| CN109526508A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-29 | 东莞市农业科学研究中心 | A kind of lichee height is preced with happy shape tree crown and its cultural method |
| CN109588184A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-09 | 青川县农村产业技术服务中心 | A kind of threeleaf akebia harvesting high-quality high-yield cultural method |
| CN109588185A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-09 | 青川县农村产业技术服务中心 | A kind of threeleaf akebia imitating wild planting process |
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| CN109588185A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-09 | 青川县农村产业技术服务中心 | A kind of threeleaf akebia imitating wild planting process |
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