CN103718816A - Method for planting oleaster afforestation forest in saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Method for planting oleaster afforestation forest in saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN103718816A CN103718816A CN201410013793.0A CN201410013793A CN103718816A CN 103718816 A CN103718816 A CN 103718816A CN 201410013793 A CN201410013793 A CN 201410013793A CN 103718816 A CN103718816 A CN 103718816A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of planting protection forests in saline and alkaline lands, in particular to a method for planting an oleaster afforestation forest in a saline and alkaline land. The method comprises the steps that firstly, upright tall straight elaeagnus oxycarpa is selected and serves as seed trees, cuttings are obtained from the elaeagnus oxycarpa seed trees through shearing and dipped through ABT 6 rooting powder before cuttage, and elaeagnus oxycarpa shoots are cultivated through the cutting seedling method; secondly, growth of trunks of the elaeagnus oxycarpa shoots is promoted through nutrient and water management, so that the shoots with the trunks upright, tall and straight are cultivated; thirdly, the elaeagnus oxycarpa shoots are transplanted to the coast saline and alkaline land according to an appropriate method and appropriate density. A new salt-tolerant and high-quality oleaster strain suitable for being planted in the yellow river delta region is screened and cultivated through natural screening and artificial induced mutation screening, combined with the characteristics of oleaster, salt-tolerant oleaster seedlings suitable for being appreciated and beautiful in tree appearance are cultivated through reasonable cultivation measures, the high-quality salt-tolerant seedlings are supplied to the yellow river delta region, and common non-salt-tolerant landscape plants are replaced by the high-quality salt-tolerant seedlings.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to shelter forest planting technology field, saline land, particularly a kind of method of saline land plantation arrow-leaved oleaster greening woods.
background technology
The Huanghe delta is positioned at In The Northern Shandong Province, and existing 5.3 × 10
5hm
2saline land, and saline land area is still every year with 1.3 × 10
5hm
2speed increase, Saline-alkaline Soils of Yellow River Delta subterranean water level is high, salt content is large; Organic, the content of nitrogen and phosphorous is low; Nutritive element is unbalanced; Soil physico-chemical property is poor and spring is arid, easily waterlogging in summer.Be not suitable for conventional garden plant growth, the greening of Dongying now mainly adopts the method for digging ground soil removal and replacement, and cost is high and unsustainable, once trees grow up, when root touches saline-alkali soil, trees will be dead.So the nursery stock cultivate, screening being applicable to Delta Region of The Yellow River greening, particularly arbor is imperative.
Arrow-leaved oleaster has another name called Gui Xiangliu, originates in the regional deserts such as Inner Mongol, Xinjiang, Gansu.Similar to south of the River sweet osmanthus because of the fragrance of blooming, vitality is very indomitable again, therefore there is the laudatory title of " sweet osmanthus in drifting fragrance desert ".Arrow-leaved oleaster blade is short, fast growth.Evening, in the summer, completely set flower fragrance fragrance, can also provide rare silvery white view for gardens, also can view and admire tree and background tree.
Now saline land greening, adopts the method for irrigation and drainage, mugineic acid salt etc. " first civil engineering, rear greening; first improvement, rear plantation " more, and not only quantities is large for these methods, cost is high, and hold time limited, effect is impermanent, saline and alkaline region, this seashore of Dongying is especially not suitable for.Therefore, screening high-quality anti-salt arrow-leaved oleaster kind is also set up a set of perfect greening culture technique system, for the horizontal tool of greening that improves the Huanghe delta and even national varieties in saline-alkali areas, is of great significance.
Arrow-leaved oleaster vitality is very strong, there is drought resisting, anti-blown sand, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, the features such as impoverishment tolerant, apply in Xinjiang now, Xinjiang region is mainly that arid, dust storm are large, so afforestation, greening, firewood charcoal have been played in the popularization of arrow-leaved oleaster, windproof, Sand-fixation Tree, has now become one of the Northwest's Major Tree Species Planted.Preliminary experiment shows, arrow-leaved oleaster can be grown on the saline land that be 1.0% in salt content, but arrow-leaved oleaster exists following defect as green tree species, and filling property is too strong exactly for that, and dryness is too poor, tree-like bad, and not, sight easily lodges rainy season.
There is 4 kinds, arrow-leaved oleaster in China, and 4 kinds of suitable northwest arid areas such as Xinjiang, Gansu of being born in of arrow-leaved oleaster, can grow up to tall and big arbor through pruning.
The problem existing is at present: arrow-leaved oleaster shows stronger Salt And Alkali Tolerance ability after introducing a fine variety Yellow River Delta Coastal varieties in saline-alkali areas, but general apical dominance is not obvious, side shoot sprouting amount is large, be difficult to form perfectly straight trunk, Delta Region of The Yellow River subterranean water level is shallow in addition, amount of salt in groundwater is high, arrow-leaved oleaster Root Distribution is superficial, rainy season, arrow-leaved oleaster easily lodged, cause the large tree of arrow-leaved oleaster dilapidated, forest form is extremely irregular, badly influences this Salt And Alkali Tolerance tree kind of applying in Yellow River Delta Coastal varieties in saline-alkali areas.
summary of the invention
For solve above arrow-leaved oleaster in Yellow River Delta Coastal varieties in saline-alkali areas, apply middle existence be difficult to form that perfectly straight trunk, rainy season easily lodge, the irregular problem of forest form, the invention provides a kind of method Yellow River Delta Coastal saline land plantation arrow-leaved oleaster greening woods.
The present invention is achieved by the following measures:
In a method for saline land plantation arrow-leaved oleaster greening woods, comprise the following steps:
(1) on the saline land that is 0.8-1.0% in salt content, adopt point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seed seedling, the arrow-leaved oleaster of planting, from offspring, select that trunk is obvious, form is perfectly straight, bark is smooth 6-8 month after 2-6, side shoot sprouts less, the large and dark green plant of leaf is as maternal plant, listing mark;
(2) the first tenday period of a month in next year late April to May after listing mark, from point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster maternal plant, clip raw branch last year is as propagating materials, cutting length is 16-18 centimetre, upper clip is level and smooth, and lower end clip is inclined-plane, and the ABT6 root-inducing powder that is 100mg/L by concentration before cuttage soaks cutting bottom 10 hours, on plot in salt content below 0.3%, carry out cuttage, cultivate point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling, survive rear fertilizing, watering, promote trunk grow;
(3) the Second Year early April of cuttage and seedling culture reaches the point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling of 2 meters by trunk height and according to the density of 4.0m × 3.0m, is transplanted in the saline land of salt content 0.8-1.0%, require subterranean water level below 1.5m, before planting, with trench plow, plough, require tilling depth to exceed 40cm, after point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling survives, by trunk height, the side shoot below 1/3 prunes away, and promotes trunk grow.
Within continuous 5 years, observe the technology of the present invention afforestation effect, 98% the large tree trunk of point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster is obvious, and form is perfectly straight, and bark is smooth, and afforestation is obtained successfully.
ABT6 root-inducing powder ABT root-inducing powder is that the one developed of the Chinese Wang Tao researcher of forest-science academy is efficient, wide spectrum, composite plant growth promoter and production increasing agent.ABT root-inducing powder formulation is various, has 1 to No. 10 ABT root-inducing powder, the agent of ABT root-inducing powder glued membrane, water-soluble ABT root-inducing powder etc.Each formulation is applicable to different floristics, and in this technical scheme, what select is ABT6 root-inducing powder, belongs to commercially available prod, and those skilled in the art can obtain, and its composition is also unified and fixing.
Inventor's prescreen is cultivated the arrow-leaved oleaster new lines of anti-saline and alkaline, the high-quality that is adapted at Huanghe delta plantation, and the while, in conjunction with suitable cultivation step, is applied arrow-leaved oleaster greening seedling in the Huanghe delta.By the project implementation, solve the key issue of Huanghe delta greening, at Huanghe delta plantation arrow-leaved oleaster, can Cleaning Air, conserve water and soil, maintain the ecological balance and bio-diversity, provide the aspects such as high-quality timber bringing into play outstanding role, there is huge ecological benefits, social benefit and economic worth.Arrow-leaved oleaster whole body is precious in addition, and Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Jujubes contains sugar, starch, protein, fat and vitamin, can eat raw or prepared food, also can make wine, the food such as vinegar sauce processed, cake.Fruit and Ye Ke make animal feeding-stuff.Flower can be carried aromatic oil, makes blending raw material, for cosmetic, fragrance for detergents; Also be close source plant.Timber is tough and tensile fine and closely woven, can make furniture, farm implements, also can make fuel.Arrow-leaved oleaster root turion is strong, can conserve water and soil, and prevents arid, regulates climate, and improvement soil, is commonly used to build shelter forest, sand breaks, timber forest and amenity forest, is guaranteeing that agriculture stable yields good harvest cuts much ice.Secondly, fruit, leaf, root can be used as medicine.Allly at Huanghe delta saline-alkali wasteland plantation arrow-leaved oleaster, not only increase garden landscape, also solved the needs of problems of livestock breeding to forage grass, can also, when obtaining higher economic benefit, to locality, bring good ecological benefits and social benefit.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Salt tolerant, the high-quality arrow-leaved oleaster new lines of by directive breeding and root-inducing powder induced fit, in Delta Region of The Yellow River, planting, in conjunction with the feature of arrow-leaved oleaster, by rational cultivation step, cultivate and do the arrow-leaved oleaster nursery stock straight, leaf is large; By selecting 1.5 meters of following subterranean water level, below soil deep ploughing 40cm, promoting arrow-leaved oleaster root system deeply to prick, prevent the large tree lodging of arrow-leaved oleaster in rainy season; Above two beneficial effects are done directly, are just being set after can ensureing arrow-leaved oleaster afforestation, and forest form is neat.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate.
embodiment 1:
At Dongying City beach saline land, plant
In March, (1) 2002 is at Dongying City beach saline land, salt content is to adopt common arrow-leaved oleaster seed seedling on the plot of 0.8%-1.0%, arrow-leaved oleaster 1000 strains of planting of conventional method of forestation, after surviving, sprout a large amount of side shoots, cause trunk grow bad, to rainy season, about 85% arrow-leaved oleaster is shallow because of Root Distribution, and it is crooked in various degree that rainwater soaks the wind of rear chance, and forest form is extremely irregular.6-8 month in 2005, from point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seed seedling offspring, select that trunk is obvious, form is perfectly straight, bark is smooth, side shoot sprouts lessly, the large and dark green tree of leaf is as maternal plant, listing mark;
The first tenday period of a month in late April, (2) 2006 to May, from point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster elite stand, clip raw branch last year is as propagating materials, and cutting length is 16-18 centimetre, and upper clip is level and smooth, and lower end clip is inclined-plane.On plot in salt content below 0.3%, carry out cuttage, cultivate point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling, the ABT6 root-inducing powder that is 100mg/L by concentration before cuttage soaks cutting bottom 10 hours; Survive rear fertilizing, watering, promote trunk grow;
In early April, (3) 2007 reaches the point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling of 2 meters by trunk height and according to the density of 4.0m × 3.0m, is transplanted in the beach saline land of salt content 0.8-1.0%, planting site requires subterranean water level below 1.5m, before planting, with trench plow, plough, require tilling depth to exceed 40cm, to break tillage pan, promote arrow-leaved oleaster root system to grow toward depths, arrow-leaved oleaster afforestation survives that rear side shoot below 1/3 prunes away by trunk height in time, cultivates smooth upright form.
Within 2008-2013 continuous 5 years, observe the technology of the present invention afforestation effect, 98% the large tree trunk of point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster is obvious, and form is perfectly straight, and bark is smooth, and afforestation is obtained successfully.
In step (1), if the 6-8 month after the 6th year select maternal plant from offspring, will make to select more effective, accurate.
comparative example 1:
Adopt the identical implantation methods parallel plantation same period with above-described embodiment 1, different is plantation east arrow-leaved oleaster rather than point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster.
Within 2008-2013 continuous 5 years, observe afforestation effect, 67% east narrow-leaved oleaster trunk is obvious, form is perfectly straight, bark is smooth, separately have 20% east narrow-leaved oleaster apical dominance not obvious, side shoot sprouting amount is large, is difficult to form perfectly straight trunk, 13% east narrow-leaved oleaster is dilapidated after rainy season in addition, and forest form is extremely irregular.So east arrow-leaved oleaster is used after implantation methods of the present invention, cannot obtain trunk obvious, form is perfectly straight, and bark is smooth, the greening woods that forest form is neat, and this implantation methods is not suitable for east arrow-leaved oleaster strain.
comparative example 2:
Adopt identical implantation methods parallel plantation point same period fruit arrow-leaved oleaster with above-described embodiment 1, just in this embodiment, in step (2), before cuttage, do not use ABT6 root-inducing powder to soak.
Within 2008-2013 continuous 5 years, observe afforestation effect, 47% point fruit narrow-leaved oleaster trunk is obvious, form is perfectly straight, bark is smooth, separately have 34% point fruit narrow-leaved oleaster apical dominance not obvious, side shoot sprouting amount is large, is difficult to form perfectly straight trunk, 19% point fruit narrow-leaved oleaster is dilapidated after rainy season in addition, and forest form is extremely irregular.So point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster, when plantation, is not used ABT6 root-inducing powder to soak, and cannot obtain trunk obvious, form is perfectly straight, and bark is smooth, the greening woods that forest form is neat.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not subject to the restriction of embodiment; other is any does not deviate from change, modification, the combination made under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, simplify and all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. in a method for saline land plantation arrow-leaved oleaster greening woods, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) on the saline land that is 0.8-1.0% in salt content, adopt point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seed seedling, the arrow-leaved oleaster of planting, from offspring, select that trunk is obvious, form is perfectly straight, bark is smooth 6-8 month after 2-6, side shoot sprouts less, the large and dark green plant of leaf is as maternal plant, listing mark;
(2) the first tenday period of a month in late April next year to May of listing mark, from maternal plant, clip raw branch last year is as propagating materials, cutting length is 16-18 centimetre, upper clip is level and smooth, lower end clip is inclined-plane, and the ABT6 root-inducing powder that is 100mg/L by concentration before cuttage soaks cutting bottom 10 hours, carries out cuttage on the plot in salt content below 0.3%, cultivate point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling, survive rear fertilizing, watering;
(3) early April next year after cuttage reaches the point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling of 2 meters by trunk height and is transplanted to salt content in the saline land of 0.8-1.0% according to the density of 4.0m × 3.0m, require subterranean water level below 1.5m, before planting, with trench plow, plough, tilling depth exceedes 40cm, after point fruit arrow-leaved oleaster seedling survives, by trunk height, the side shoot below 1/3 prunes away, and promotes trunk grow.
2. according to method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that selecting in the 6-8 month after 3 years in step (1) that trunk is obvious, form is perfectly straight, bark is smooth from offspring, side shoot sprouts less, the large and dark green plant of leaf is as maternal plant.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104429443A (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2015-03-25 | 管天球 | Method for planting date trees in three-difficulty land |
| CN104620921A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-20 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Rapid propagation method for jujubes |
| CN105104086A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 山东师范大学 | Method for increasing emergence rate and seedling rate of wild olive seeds in inland saline-alkali soil |
| CN105123209A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and ficus tikoua bur in saline-alkali soil |
| CN112673921A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for building cotton field protection forest in newly-opened and wastefully-saline-alkali soil |
| CN112703947A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-27 | 山东师范大学 | Elaeagnus angustifolia arborescent method and application |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104429443A (en) * | 2014-09-27 | 2015-03-25 | 管天球 | Method for planting date trees in three-difficulty land |
| CN104620921A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-20 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Rapid propagation method for jujubes |
| CN105104086A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 山东师范大学 | Method for increasing emergence rate and seedling rate of wild olive seeds in inland saline-alkali soil |
| CN105123209A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 | Method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and ficus tikoua bur in saline-alkali soil |
| CN105104086B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-06-30 | 山东师范大学 | It is a kind of to improve the method that arrow-leaved oleaster seed is emerged with seedling in inland salt-soda soil |
| CN112703947A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-27 | 山东师范大学 | Elaeagnus angustifolia arborescent method and application |
| CN112673921A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 新疆林业科学院 | Method for building cotton field protection forest in newly-opened and wastefully-saline-alkali soil |
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