CN105123209A - Method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and ficus tikoua bur in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and ficus tikoua bur in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and ficus tikoua bur in saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement. The method includes the steps that the saline-alkali soil is pretreated through ardealite and oil cake; fertilization and furrow making treatment are carried out after most of salt in the saline-alkali soil is removed; afterwards, ficus tikoua bur seeds are sown on the furrow faces, then the holboellia latifolia is subjected to cuttage one year later, and final-period management is conducted on the holboellia latifolia. According to the method, the ficus tikoua bur and the holboellia latifolia are interplanted after the saline-alkali soil is improved, products such as holboellia latifolia fruits, ficus tikoua bur fruits and ficus tikoua bur rhizomes can be obtained, and obvious economic benefits are achieved; besides, due to the fact that the ficus tikoua bur grows lushly, a good moisturizing effect is achieved, the effect of preventing other weeds from growing and the effect of restraining salt return are further achieved, and therefore management cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improving technology field in saline land, specifically, relate to a kind of method of saline land being interplanted Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon.
Background technology
Saline land be saline land with alkali ground general name.Solonchak mainly refers to chloride or the higher salinization soil of sulphate, and soil is in alkalescence, but pH value is not necessarily very high.Refer to carbonate containing or heavy phosphatic soil, pH value is higher, and soil is in alkalescence alkali.The content of organic matter in saline land is few, and soil fertility is low, and physicochemical character is poor, and the anions and canons harmful to crop is many, and crop is short seedling not easily.The area in saline land, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.The formation of China's alkali ground and alkali-affected soil, major part is accumulative relevant with Carbonates In Soil, and thus basicity is general higher, and serious saline land regional plant almost can not be survived.The salinization of soil in soil has been worldwide ecological problem, and the saline Land degree in current global range is obvious ascendant trend, and the salinization of soil in soil has become the important limiting factor of world agriculture sustainable development.For the improvement in saline land, conventional method has: 1, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is poured into water in saline land exactly, and soil salt is dissolved, by under being oozed and be discharged in deep soil or drip washing is gone out saline and alkaline for the solubility in topsoil, infiltration drain ditch, side is got rid of; 2, level land, level land under can making uniform moisture and ooze, improve the effect that rainfall is drenched salt and irrigated the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, prevent the salination of soil plaque-like; 3, rake the soil level, the table soil that can loosen of raking the soil level, blocks soil capillary water and carries salinity to earth's surface, play the effect preventing the accumulation of salt in the surface soil in good time; 4, applying organic manure, rational use of chemical fertilizer, fertilizer forms humus through microbial decomposition, conversion, can improve the buffer capacity of soil, and can form sodium humate with sodium carbonate effect, reduces surface soil alkalinity.5, effectively can improve soil with saline land special-purpose soil conditioner " solodization ".
Ardealite is the accessory substance in production process of phosphoric acid, often produce one ton of phosphorus pentoxide by-product, five tons of ardealites, utilization at present for ardealite mainly contains four aspects, 1, phosphoric acid cream is used for backfill pit, fill mine working with ardealite, fill cost and account for 1/5 of mining cost, not only saved filling cost, and improve utilization of three wastes rate, decrease environmental pollution.But, due to factors such as ardealite gelling agent casting resin viscosity is high, sedimentation fast, condensation is fast, many, the easy pluggings of fine grained, difficult cleanings; 2, by the agent of ardealite production Flocculated Cement, the crystal habit of ardealite is identical with the plaster of paris, for prismatic or cylindricality plate crystal, chemical composition and plaster of paris composition basic simlarity, but due to containing solubility phosphorus pentoxide, phosphate, soluble fluoride, insoluble phosphorus pentoxide and organic impurities etc., the hydration time of cement can be extended, reduce early strength and extend setting time, therefore ardealite directly can not be used as the set retarder of cement; 3, by ardealite sulphur ammonium and calcium carbonate, the method utilizes ammonia and carbonic acid gas that ardealite is changed into sulphur ammonium and calcium carbonate, and the quality requirement of the method to ardealite is higher, and production procedure is long, and investment is large; 4, ardealite is used for improve basic soil, containing phosphorus pentoxide in ardealite, cause ardealite aobvious acid, its pH value is 1.5 ~ 4.5, can be used to the alkalescence in sweetening of the soil, and the compositions such as the phosphorus contained in ardealite, iron, magnesium, silicon, zinc, sulphur and the calcium nutritive element that to be plant growth necessary.
Ardealite is utilized and improves saline land, after ardealite is manured into soil, can be the solubility calcium that soil provides sufficient, sodium ion in colloidal complex is replaced out, thus the basicity in reduction soil, promote the formation of soil aggregate, prevent soil epidermis from crusting, reduce the pH value of soil, increase the infiltration capacity of soil.At present, adopting and using separately ardealite to improve saline land method is applied after in saline land by ardealite, carry out leaching process immediately, the method can improve the soil structure in saline land to a certain extent, but it is consuming time longer, general needs two triennium ability Planting Crops, and use ardealite process on slight alkaline land after, the germination rate of crops is still lower and later stage growing way is bad.Someone utilizes ardealite to be mixed with into modifying agent with flyash, humus and high nitrogen fertilizer material etc., and the effect obtained is better than using separately ardealite, but high expensive, and effect is still not good enough.Be soil conditioner of producing of raw material and production and preparation method thereof as the application number application for a patent for invention that is 201210522182.X discloses with ardealite, this modifying agent has ardealite, humus, ferrous sulfate, urea and sulfuric acid to be mixed, and it has improves soil structure, adjustment soil pH, characteristic such as activation soil nutrient elements and supplementary Trace Elements in Soil calcium, sulphur, iron and zinc etc. to a certain extent.But this modifying agent cost is relatively high, lower to the adjustment force of soil pH.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of saline land being interplanted Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, the method adopts ardealite and oil cake to carry out pretreatment to saline land, the soil structure in effective improvement saline land, reduction soil pH, make the growth of this wild country, saline land melon and Fructus Akebiae, thus realize on saline land, interplant wild country melon and Fructus Akebiae.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Saline land is interplanted a method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land pretreatment: send in cracker after first ardealite being dried and pulverize, obtain phosphogypsum powder, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 40 ~ 45%, phosphogypsum powder and oil cake are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on saline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 350 ~ 1800kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 700 ~ 2000kg/ mu, then carries out rotary tillage process, cover film after 14 ~ 30 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) wholely: evenly execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde 300 ~ 600kg/ mu on the saline and alkaline earth's surface after leaching process, carry out rotary tillage process again, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.1 ~ 1.3m, wide 0.4 ~ the 0.6m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.1 ~ 0.2m;
(3) plant wild country melon: after the process of whole ground terminates 30 ~ 60 days, water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 40 ~ 60%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, water on face, railway carriage or compartment and guarantee that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding;
(4) cuttage Fructus Akebiae: after pachyrhizus out of office sows a year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 9 ~ 15cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 20 ~ 30min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 60 ~ 70%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 10 ~ 15cm around cutting is cut off;
(5) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 15 ~ 20 DEG C, humidity regulation is 70 ~ 80%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 30 ~ 40%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 5 ~ 10cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, grow to after 15 ~ 20cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes the mixing fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1kg of ash, humus, ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, 1 annual ~ March, execute mixing fertilizer 0.2 ~ 1kg/ strain of urea and farmyard manure; When Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.3 ~ 0.6kg are executed in every strain, and after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 2 ~ 3 fruits, are pinched by unnecessary, when Fructus Akebiae 8 ~ 9 is ripe, can pluck sale.
The fineness of described phosphogypsum powder is 60 ~ 200 orders.
In described step (1), for slight alkaline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 350 ~ 600kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 700 ~ 1000kg/ mu; For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of application of ardealite is 600 ~ 1200kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 1000 ~ 1500kg/ mu; For heavy salinized, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 1200 ~ 1800kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 1500 ~ 2000kg/ mu.
The weight ratio of described rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:(30 ~ 40): (10 ~ 15): (20 ~ 30).
Described rotten fertilizer is piled up from level to level in collected manure place the pig manure tripped out in circle, cow dung and sheep excrement, and the height of fertile heap is 1.5 ~ 2m, with earth, fertilizer heap sealed, pile up 5 ~ 6 months and get final product after accumulation.
In described oil cake containing organic 75 ~ 85%, nitrogen 1.1 ~ 7.0%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.4 ~ 3.0%, potassium oxide 0.9 ~ 2.1%, protein be 1.5 ~ 3.7%, raw fiber 6 ~ 10.7%, calcium 0.8 ~ 11%, choline 0.27 ~ 0.70%, nicotinic acid 0.6 ~ 1.2% and other vitamin substances 1.3 ~ 2.0.
Described wild country melon seed be from naturally ripe rotten after wild country melon the seed that takes out, and carry out Dressing with new high fat film prior to seeding.
In described step (5), the weight ratio of described urea and farmyard manure is 10:(80 ~ 120).
In described step (5), the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde is (30 ~ 50): (50 ~ 70): (40 ~ 60): (20 ~ 30).
Described ardealite is the ardealite that Xifeng Heavy Calcium Factory, Kailin Group. Guizhou produces, the content of its calcium sulphate dihydrate is 50.7 ~ 86.2%, the content of total phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 13.3%, the content of solubility phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 0.68%, magnesian content is 0.23 ~ 0.53%, the content of fluorine ion is 0.12 ~ 0.48%, and pH value is 2.1 ~ 4.6.
It is fried that described Fructus Akebiae has another name called August, and its fruit is similar to banana, is rich in sugar, vitamin C and 12 seed amino acids, and the acid of figured silk fabrics base, methionine, isoleucine, phenyl alanine, lysine etc. that human body can not synthesize, fruity is fragrant and sweet, is free of contamination pollution-free food, has the title of " native banana ".Mainly be distributed in the ground such as Hunan, Henan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guizhou and Tibet, Fructus Akebiae fresh goods taste is sweet, energy reinforcing stomach reg fluid, reducing fever and causing diuresis.Fructus Akebiae main wild is among mountain forest, and current artificial planting scope is less.
Described wild country melon, complete stool has milk, reaches more than 10 rice, crawl ground and give birth to, contact to earth easily raw must shape adventive root, be similar to huge centipede, therefore also known as crawl ground centipede.Because of outer image loquat, claim ground loquat on some areas, Hubei Province and other places.Wild country melon, in fruit maturation period, even if outside melon more than 20 rice of distance wild country, also feels that giving off a strong fragrance assails the nostrils, and strong fragrance can people, therefore it is fragrant to be also called full ground.Wild country melon has cold-resistant, drought-enduring, resistance to shade, impoverishment tolerant, the water-fast characteristic such as wet, even if plant in the sandstone that not even a blade of grass grows or slabstone gap, also can be flourishing, and full of green; No matter be the summer of broiling sun or the winter in the world of ice and snow, the whole year is equally spread.The complete stool of wild country melon is used as medicine, and has treatment chronic bronchitis, rheumatism arthralgia and myalgia, diarrhoea, dysentery, mastitis, oedema, irregular menstruation, puerperal abdominalgia with blood stasis, has blood in stool, nose is bleeding, scrofula, synthetism, traumatic injury, knife wound, mad dog is bitten, carbuncle swells, effect of impetigo and venomous snake bite.Less for utilizing of wild country melon at present, and wild country melon is all grown on field, yet there are no the wild country melon of artificial planting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention is by first regulating the moisture in saline land, again by ardealite, after the table soil Homogeneous phase mixing in oil cake and saline land, overlay film moisturizing a period of time, oil cake and ardealite occur to act synergistically widely, make the calcium sulphate in ardealite, sodium bicarbonate free in organic matter in oil cake and soil, sodium carbonate fully reacts, sodium ion in colloidal complex and other cations are replaced out, reduce P in soil H value, activate soil nutrient elements activity and supplementary Trace Elements in Soil etc., and promote the formation of soil aggregate, help to increase the space that air and water can be allowed to enter, prevent soil epidermis from crusting, increase the infiltration capacity of soil, and increase soil fertility, decompose mineral and produce the necessary nitrogen of plant, sulphur, potassium and phosphorus.And then carrying out leaching process again, moisture can penetrate in soil smoothly, is taken away by the harmful ions such as the sodium ion in soil, makes the content of sodium ion in soil reduce by more than 54%, greatly reduces the salinization of soil degree in saline land.
2. the protein contained in oil cake, raw fiber, nicotinic acid and other vitamin substances can make microorganism Fast-propagation, and the vital movement of microorganism can effectively reduce alkaline land soil pH value, and increases the fertility of soil.
3. the present invention is by after carrying out pretreatment by saline land ardealite and oil cake, execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde again, and carry out rotary tillage process, not only effectively raise the fertilizer efficiency in saline land, and the microbial cells that saline land provides a large amount of returned by rotten fertilizer, solve the problem that in saline land, microorganism lacks.
4. wild country melon has extremely strong cold-resistant, drought-enduring, resistance to shade, impoverishment tolerant, the water-fast characteristic such as wet, and finds through research, and wild country melon can absorb a large amount of salinities from saline land, stores in body for its physiological activity needs after dilution.The present invention is by after processing saline land, wild country melon is planted again with this saline land, riotous growth on wild country melon saline land after treatment can be guaranteed, and the growth of wild country melon, the formation of soil aggregate can be promoted, improve the physicochemical property of soil, organic matter in soil and available nitrogen are increased, reduce the content of salinity in soil, and play the effect of good water conservation and the suppression accumulation of salt in the surface soil, moreover, plantation wild country melon can also obtain wild country melon and fruit reality and wild country melon rhizome, obtains certain economic benefit.
5. the present invention is by after adopting above-mentioned process to saline land, adopt this saline land to plant Fructus Akebiae, utilize Fructus Akebiae strong stress resistance, the characteristic such as drought-enduring and barren-resistant, and in conjunction with the control of parameter in each operation in whole, cuttage and final-period management process and operation, achieve the high and stable yields of planting Fructus Akebiae on saline land, reach per mu yield 6300 ~ 7900 jin.
6. primary raw material ardealite of the present invention and oil cake etc. are not only cheap, and wide material sources, are used to ardealite and oil cake, effectively can solve the stacking of ardealite and oil cake and the Cost Problems brought and problem of environmental pollution.
7. by wild country melon and Fructus Akebiae interplanting, not only can obtain the products such as Fructus Akebiae fruit, wild country melon and fruit reality and wild country melon rhizome, obtain significant economic benefit, and due to wild country melon riotous growth, plantation wild country melon has good moisture-keeping function and prevents the effect of other weed growths, thus decrease and to water to Fructus Akebiae and the management work of weeding, greatly reduce production cost.
Test is adopted to verify beneficial effect of the present invention below:
Ardealite used is the ardealite that Xifeng Heavy Calcium Factory, Kailin Group. Guizhou produces, the content of its calcium sulphate dihydrate is 67.8%, the content of total phosphorus pentoxide is 6.1%, the content of solubility phosphorus pentoxide is 0.44%, magnesian content is 0.39%, the content of fluorine ion is 0.31%, and pH value is 3.7.In oil cake used containing organic 81%, nitrogen 4.5%, phosphorus pentoxide 2.3%, potassium oxide 1.9%, protein be 2.7%, raw fiber 6.8%, calcium 3.1%, choline 0.39%, nicotinic acid 0.9% and other vitamin substances 1.6.With saline land, Hebei province for experimental field, after measured, it is 0.59% that this saline land 0 ~ 20cm shows native total salt content, and pH value is 8.82.
Test one
Divided into groups this experimental field, the area often organizing experimental field is 300m
2, processing method is as follows:
The different leaching time of table 1 is on the impact of experimental field
As can be seen from the table, leaching again after aluminum coated steel a period of time, not only in the pH value reducing soil to a greater extent, and can significantly can reduce the total salt content of soil.Test shows: after using ardealite and oil cake, overlay film carries out leaching in 14 days again, the decline of soil pH value and total salt content is the most obvious, and along with the increase of overlay film time, and the amount of the slippage of soil pH value and total salt content and overlay film 14 days leaching does not again have much changes.
Test two:
Divided into groups experimental field, the area often organizing experimental field is 300m
2, processing method is as follows:
Table 3 different phosphate gypsum and oil cake amount of application are to the improved effect in saline land
As can be seen from the above table, when the amount of application of ardealite is less than 1200kg/ mu, oil cake amount of application is less than 1500kg/ mu, its soil pH value and total salt content decline very fast, when the amount of application of ardealite is greater than 1200kg/ mu, oil cake amount of application is greater than 1500kg/ mu, the degree change that soil pH value and total salt content decline is little.
Test three
Divided into groups experimental field, the area often organizing experimental field is 300m
2, processing method is as follows:
Table 4 different ratios of raw materials is to the improved effect in saline land
In table 4, the weight ratio of rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:30:10:20, and what the plantation of wheat and final-period management method adopted is existing method.The plantation of wild country melon is being opened after railway carriage or compartment processes 30 days, and water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 50%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, waters and guarantees that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding on face, railway carriage or compartment.Fructus Akebiae be planted in after wild country melon sows 1 year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 12cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 20min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 65%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 12cm around cutting is cut off, after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 18 DEG C, humidity regulation is 75%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 35%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 6cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, grow to after 15cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes ash, humus, the fertile 0.5kg of mixing of ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, annual January, execute the fertile 0.2kg/ strain of mixing of urea and farmyard manure, when Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.3kg are executed in every strain, and after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 2 fruits, are pinched by unnecessary.
As can be seen from Table 4, use separately ardealite and process saline land, and execute ardealite and flyash processes saline land, wild country melon seed does not all germinate, and the cutting of Fructus Akebiae does not also survive.By mixedly to ardealite and fertilizer executing, ardealite and humus is mixed executes, wild country melon and Fructus Akebiae all can at saline and alkaline aerial, but wild country melon germination rate is low, and late growing stage is in bad order, and the survival rate of Fructus Akebiae cutting is lower, and output is also low.Execute ardealite and oil cake processes saline land, not only wild country melon seedling riotous growth, after 1 year, whole saline land can cover by wild country melon, and the cuttage survival rate of Fructus Akebiae and output all higher.The contrast of experimental group six and experimental group seven is known, and compared with general saline alkali tolerant plant wheat, the Salt And Alkali Tolerance ability of wild country melon is comparatively strong, and the plantation of wild country melon can also improve saline land to a great extent.Proved by above-mentioned test: ardealite and oil cake mixing are processed saline land, than executing ardealite separately, executing ardealite and fertilizer, executing ardealite and humus, to execute the treatment effect such as ardealite and flyash good.
What illustrate is, several test examples that above-mentioned experiment is only used to verify beneficial effect of the present invention and enumerates, the test done to complete the present invention is far above in this, simultaneously, above-mentioned test just illustrates, does not form any pro forma restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment
Conveniently those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.Embodiment is only illustrating this invention, is not limitation of the invention, and the step not doing in embodiment to illustrate is all prior arts, is not described in detail at this.
In following examples, described ardealite is the ardealite that Xifeng Heavy Calcium Factory, Kailin Group. Guizhou produces, the content of its calcium sulphate dihydrate is 50.7 ~ 86.2%, the content of total phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 13.3%, the content of solubility phosphorus pentoxide is 0.01 ~ 0.68%, magnesian content is 0.23 ~ 0.53%, and the content of fluorine ion is 0.12 ~ 0.48%, and pH value is 2.1 ~ 4.6.In described oil cake containing organic 75 ~ 85%, nitrogen 1.1 ~ 7.0%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.4 ~ 3.0%, potassium oxide 0.9 ~ 2.1%, protein be 1.5 ~ 3.7%, raw fiber 6 ~ 10.7%, calcium 0.8 ~ 11%, choline 0.27 ~ 0.70%, nicotinic acid 0.6 ~ 1.2% and other vitamin substances 1.3 ~ 2.0.
Embodiment one
Saline land is interplanted a method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land pretreatment: planting site elects beach saline land as, its salt content is 0.2%, ardealite is dried to its moisture be after 5%, sending into and being ground into fineness in cracker is 60 order phosphogypsum powders, after pulverizing, be conducive to the contact area increasing ardealite and soil, accelerate the reaction of salinity in ardealite and soil, phosphogypsum powder and oil cake are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on saline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 350kg/ mu, the amount of application of oil cake is 700kg/ mu, then rotary tillage process is carried out, cover film after 14 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process, salinity in table soil is removed among the soil layer of below,
(2) wholely: evenly execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde 300kg/ mu on the saline and alkaline earth's surface after leaching process, the weight ratio of described rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:30:10:20, carry out rotary tillage process again, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.2m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.1m, the wide 0.4m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.1m;
(3) plant wild country melon: after the process of whole ground terminates 30 days, water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 40%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, water on face, railway carriage or compartment and guarantee that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding;
(4) cuttage Fructus Akebiae: after pachyrhizus out of office sows a year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 9cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 20min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 60%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 10cm around cutting is cut off;
(5) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 15 DEG C, humidity regulation is 70%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 30%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 5cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, this post is high 1.6 meters, plant a bamboo post for 3.5 meters in length and breadth, with wire netting, plot is linked to be a frame face, extract weeds long in ground at any time, grow to after 15cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes ash, humus, the fertile 0.5kg of mixing of ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, annual January, execute the fertile 0.2kg/ strain of mixing of urea and farmyard manure, the weight ratio of described urea and farmyard manure is 10:80, when Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.3kg are executed in every strain, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde is 30:50:40:20, after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 2 fruits, unnecessary is pinched, when Fructus Akebiae 8 is ripe, can sale be plucked.
Described rotten fertilizer is piled up from level to level in collected manure place the pig manure tripped out in circle, cow dung and sheep excrement, and the height of fertile heap is 1.5m, with earth, fertilizer heap sealed, pile up 5 months and get final product after accumulation.
Through statistics, adopt the method sowing wild country melon seed after 1 year, the tendril of wild country melon is paved with face, whole railway carriage or compartment, grow very luxuriant, Fructus Akebiae is planted in this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 96%, within after cuttage 3 years, can reach high and stable yields, output reaches more than 7400 pounds/acre.
Embodiment two
Saline land is interplanted a method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land pretreatment: planting site elects beach saline land as, its salt content is 0.3%, ardealite is dried to its moisture be after 7%, sending into and being ground into fineness in cracker is 200 order phosphogypsum powders, after pulverizing, be conducive to the contact area increasing ardealite and soil, accelerate the reaction of salinity in ardealite and soil, phosphogypsum powder and oil cake are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on saline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 700kg/ mu, the amount of application of oil cake is 1000kg/ mu, then rotary tillage process is carried out, cover film after 16 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process, salinity in table soil is removed among the soil layer of below,
(2) wholely: evenly execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde 400kg/ mu on the saline and alkaline earth's surface after leaching process, the weight ratio of described rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:32:12:23, carry out rotary tillage process again, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.3m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.2m, the wide 0.5m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.1m;
(3) plant wild country melon: after the process of whole ground terminates 35 days, water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 45%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, water on face, railway carriage or compartment and guarantee that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding;
(4) cuttage Fructus Akebiae: after pachyrhizus out of office sows a year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 11cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 22min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 63%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 11cm around cutting is cut off;
(5) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 16 DEG C, humidity regulation is 72%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 32%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 7cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, this post is high 1.8 meters, plant a bamboo post for 4 meters in length and breadth, with wire netting, plot is linked to be a frame face, extract weeds long in ground at any time, grow to after 16cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes ash, humus, the fertile 0.6kg of mixing of ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, annual March, execute the fertile 0.4kg/ strain of mixing of urea and farmyard manure, the weight ratio of described urea and farmyard manure is 10:80, when Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.4kg are executed in every strain, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde is 35:55:45:22, after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 3 fruits, unnecessary is pinched, when Fructus Akebiae 9 is ripe, can sale be plucked.
Described rotten fertilizer is piled up from level to level in collected manure place the pig manure tripped out in circle, cow dung and sheep excrement, and the height of fertile heap is 1.6m, with earth, fertilizer heap sealed, pile up 6 months and get final product after accumulation.
Through statistics, adopt the method to plant Fructus Akebiae on this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 93%, and within after cuttage 3 years, can reach high and stable yields, output reaches more than 7900 pounds/acre.
Embodiment three
Saline land is interplanted a method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land pretreatment: planting site elects beach saline land as, its salt content is 0.4%, ardealite is dried to its moisture be after 6%, sending into and being ground into fineness in cracker is 80 order phosphogypsum powders, after pulverizing, be conducive to the contact area increasing ardealite and soil, accelerate the reaction of salinity in ardealite and soil, phosphogypsum powder and oil cake are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on saline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 1200kg/ mu, the amount of application of oil cake is 1500kg/ mu, then rotary tillage process is carried out, cover film after 24 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process, salinity in table soil is removed among the soil layer of below,
(2) wholely: evenly execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde 500kg/ mu on the saline and alkaline earth's surface after leaching process, the weight ratio of described rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:40:15:30, carry out rotary tillage process again, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.4m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.2m, the wide 0.5m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.2m;
(3) plant wild country melon: after the process of whole ground terminates 50 days, water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 50%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, water on face, railway carriage or compartment and guarantee that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding;
(4) cuttage Fructus Akebiae: after pachyrhizus out of office sows a year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 12cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 28min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 68%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 12cm around cutting is cut off;
(5) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 18 DEG C, humidity regulation is 78%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 37%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 8cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, this post is high 1.8 meters, plant a bamboo post for 4 meters in length and breadth, with wire netting, plot is linked to be a frame face, extract weeds long in ground at any time, grow to after 18cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes ash, humus, the fertile 0.9kg of mixing of ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, annual February, execute the fertile 0.8kg/ strain of mixing of urea and farmyard manure, the weight ratio of described urea and farmyard manure is 10:110, when Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.5kg are executed in every strain, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde is 45:65:55:28, after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 3 fruits, unnecessary is pinched, when Fructus Akebiae 9 is ripe, can sale be plucked.
Described rotten fertilizer is piled up from level to level in collected manure place the pig manure tripped out in circle, cow dung and sheep excrement, and the height of fertile heap is 1.8m, with earth, fertilizer heap sealed, pile up 5 months and get final product after accumulation.
Through statistics, adopt the method to plant Fructus Akebiae on this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 92%, and within after cuttage 3 years, can reach high and stable yields, output reaches more than 7100 pounds/acre.
Embodiment four
Saline land is interplanted a method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, comprises the following steps:
(1) saline land pretreatment: planting site elects beach saline land as, its salt content is 0.6%, ardealite is dried to its moisture be after 6%, sending into and being ground into fineness in cracker is 100 order phosphogypsum powders, after pulverizing, be conducive to the contact area increasing ardealite and soil, accelerate the reaction of salinity in ardealite and soil, phosphogypsum powder and oil cake are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on saline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 1800kg/ mu, the amount of application of oil cake is 2000kg/ mu, then rotary tillage process is carried out, cover film after 30 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process, salinity in table soil is removed among the soil layer of below,
(2) wholely: evenly execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde 600kg/ mu on the saline and alkaline earth's surface after leaching process, the weight ratio of described rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:40:15:30, carry out rotary tillage process again, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.5m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.3m, the wide 0.6m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.2m;
(3) plant wild country melon: after the process of whole ground terminates 60 days, water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 60%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, water on face, railway carriage or compartment and guarantee that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding;
(4) cuttage Fructus Akebiae: after pachyrhizus out of office sows a year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 15cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 30min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 70%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 15cm around cutting is cut off;
(5) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 20 DEG C, humidity regulation is 80%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 40%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 10cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, this post is high 1.8 meters, plant a bamboo post for 4 meters in length and breadth, with wire netting, plot is linked to be a frame face, extract weeds long in ground at any time, grow to after 20cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes ash, humus, the fertile 1kg of mixing of ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, annual March, execute the fertile 1kg/ strain of mixing of urea and farmyard manure, the weight ratio of described urea and farmyard manure is 10:120, when Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.6kg are executed in every strain, the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde is 50:70:60:30, after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 3 fruits, unnecessary is pinched, when Fructus Akebiae 9 is ripe, can sale be plucked.
Described rotten fertilizer is piled up from level to level in collected manure place the pig manure tripped out in circle, cow dung and sheep excrement, and the height of fertile heap is 2m, with earth, fertilizer heap sealed, pile up 6 months and get final product after accumulation.
Through statistics, adopt the method to plant Fructus Akebiae on this saline land, the survival rate of cutting is 90%, and within after cuttage 3 years, can reach high and stable yields, output reaches more than 6300 pounds/acre.
The above, it is only better example of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, anyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, the any simple modification done above example according to technical spirit of the present invention, coversion material equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. saline land is interplanted a method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) saline land pretreatment: send in cracker after first ardealite being dried and pulverize, obtain phosphogypsum powder, then the moisture in saline land is regulated to be 40 ~ 45%, phosphogypsum powder and oil cake are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields on saline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 350 ~ 1800kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 700 ~ 2000kg/ mu, then carries out rotary tillage process, cover film after 14 ~ 30 days, film is taken away and carries out leaching process;
(2) wholely: evenly execute rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde 300 ~ 600kg/ mu on the saline and alkaline earth's surface after leaching process, carry out rotary tillage process again, then railway carriage or compartment is opened by wide 1.2 ~ 1.5m, and make railway carriage or compartment face width be 1.1 ~ 1.3m, wide 0.4 ~ the 0.6m of pavement, face, railway carriage or compartment exceeds pavement 0.1 ~ 0.2m;
(3) plant wild country melon: after the process of whole ground terminates 30 ~ 60 days, water on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture regulating soil is 40 ~ 60%, then at Mian Shangbo wild country, railway carriage or compartment melon seed, in after planting 3 months, water on face, railway carriage or compartment and guarantee that soil water content is not less than 30%, and carry out weeding;
(4) cuttage Fructus Akebiae: after pachyrhizus out of office sows a year, pluck robust growth and without the lignified Fructus Akebiae branches and tendrils of damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cutting that length is 9 ~ 15cm, by cutting root-inducing powder immersion treatment 20 ~ 30min, and by after on face, railway carriage or compartment, the moisture of soil is adjusted to 60 ~ 70%, by cutting cuttage on face, railway carriage or compartment, the wild country melon vine of 10 ~ 15cm around cutting is cut off;
(5) final-period management: after cutting cuttage, shading shed is taken to cutting, temperature of shed is regulated to be 15 ~ 20 DEG C, humidity regulation is 70 ~ 80%, and keep the moisture of face, railway carriage or compartment soil to be 30 ~ 40%, after the young sprout of seedling grows to 5 ~ 10cm, shading shed is removed, and built is held up climing, grow to after 15 ~ 20cm until young sprout, every strain seedling executes the mixing fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1kg of ash, humus, ureaformaldehyde and compost, afterwards, 1 annual ~ March, execute mixing fertilizer 0.2 ~ 1kg/ strain of urea and farmyard manure; When Fructus Akebiae is bloomed, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde 0.3 ~ 0.6kg are executed in every strain, and after Fructus Akebiae is born fruit, each carpopodium retains 2 ~ 3 fruits, are pinched by unnecessary, when Fructus Akebiae 8 ~ 9 is ripe, can pluck sale.
2. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, the fineness of described phosphogypsum powder is 60 ~ 200 orders.
3. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), for slight alkaline land, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 350 ~ 600kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 700 ~ 1000kg/ mu; For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of application of ardealite is 600 ~ 1200kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 1000 ~ 1500kg/ mu; For heavy salinized, the amount of application of phosphogypsum powder is 1200 ~ 1800kg/ mu, and the amount of application of oil cake is 1500 ~ 2000kg/ mu.
4. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described rotten fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and ureaformaldehyde is 100:(30 ~ 40): (10 ~ 15): (20 ~ 30).
5. the saline land as described in claim 1 or 4 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, described rotten fertilizer is piled up from level to level in collected manure place the pig manure tripped out in circle, cow dung and sheep excrement, the height of fertile heap is 1.5 ~ 2m, with earth, fertilizer heap is sealed after accumulation, pile up 5 ~ 6 months and get final product.
6. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, in described oil cake containing organic 75 ~ 85%, nitrogen 1.1 ~ 7.0%, phosphorus pentoxide 0.4 ~ 3.0%, potassium oxide 0.9 ~ 2.1%, protein be 1.5 ~ 3.7%, raw fiber 6 ~ 10.7%, calcium 0.8 ~ 11%, choline 0.27 ~ 0.70%, nicotinic acid 0.6 ~ 1.2% and other vitamin substances 1.3 ~ 2.0.
7. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, described wild country melon seed be from naturally ripe rotten after the seed of wild country melon taking-up, and carry out Dressing with new high fat film prior to seeding.
8. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, in described step (5), the weight ratio of urea and farmyard manure is 10:(80 ~ 120).
9. saline land as claimed in claim 1 is interplanted the method for Fructus Akebiae and wild country melon, it is characterized in that, in described step (5), the weight ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, compost and ureaformaldehyde is (30 ~ 50): (50 ~ 70): (40 ~ 60): (20 ~ 30).
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106332571A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-18 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for improving saline-alkali soil through companion planting of various plants |
| CN106888766A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 林天国 | A kind of method of sweet potato built cultivation |
| CN108293349A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil |
| CN108901521A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-11-30 | 侯欣雨 | A kind of implantation methods of Stauntonia latifolia |
| CN109089779A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-28 | 紫云自治县红华种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of seed growing method of Stauntonia latifolia |
| CN113678706A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-23 | 李云 | Planting method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and peanuts |
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| CN102918971A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ridging sowing method for improving corn yield of saline-alkali soils |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106888766A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 林天国 | A kind of method of sweet potato built cultivation |
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| CN108901521A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-11-30 | 侯欣雨 | A kind of implantation methods of Stauntonia latifolia |
| CN108293349A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil |
| CN109089779A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-28 | 紫云自治县红华种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of seed growing method of Stauntonia latifolia |
| CN113678706A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-23 | 李云 | Planting method for interplanting holboellia latifolia and peanuts |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |