CN108293349A - The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil - Google Patents
The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293349A CN108293349A CN201711372271.XA CN201711372271A CN108293349A CN 108293349 A CN108293349 A CN 108293349A CN 201711372271 A CN201711372271 A CN 201711372271A CN 108293349 A CN108293349 A CN 108293349A
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- acer truncatum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of on salt-soda soil interplants the water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum, include the following steps site preparation, fertilising, dig cave, plantation, initial management, middle and later periods management and stalk return field, the present invention makes wild country melon be planted around acer truncatum, the branches and tendrils and leaf of wild country melon can cover the soil around acer truncatum trees, play the purpose for reducing salt-soda soil moisture evaporation, after wild country melon branches and tendrils are grown to a certain extent, it is bundled on trees, it is set to be grown up along trunk, with the growth quality of with ensureing wild country melon fruit, it prevents result excessive and influences the size of fruit, it is also convenient for managing, branches and tendrils need not artificially be stirred, it manages more laborsaving, after the melon harvest of wild country, heap is crushed to the root of acer truncatum trees, realize that winter keeps the temperature acer truncatum root, the straw-returning of realization, improve alkaline land soil structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to salt-soda soil planting technical fields, more particularly to one kind interplanting wild country melon and member on salt-soda soil
The water retention cultivating method of precious maple.
Background technology
Solonchak refers mainly to chloride or the higher salinization soil of sulfate, and soil is in alkalinity, but pH value is not necessarily very
It is high.Refer to alkali carbonate containing or the phosphatic soil of weight, pH value is higher, and soil is in alkalinity.The content of organic matter in salt-soda soil is few,
Soil fertility is low, and physicochemical character is poor, more to the harmful anions and canons of crop, and crop is not easy to promote seedling.The area in whole world salt-soda soil
It it is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, wherein China is 99,130,000 hectares.China's alkali and alkali-affected soil formation, major part and carbon in soil
Adding up for hydrochlorate is related, thus basicity is generally higher, and serious salt-soda soil regional plant can hardly survive.Soil it is saline and alkaline
Change has been worldwide ecological problem, and the saline Land degree in global range is in apparent ascendant trend, root at present
According to the property in salt-soda soil, suitable industrial crops are planted, can either rationally utilize salt-soda soil, moreover it is possible to increase the economic valence in salt-soda soil
Value.
Wild country melon is that one of suitable industrial crops are planted on salt-soda soil, and wild country melon has cold-resistant, drought-enduring, resistance to shady, resistance to poor
The characteristics such as lean are especially suitable for light moderate saline-alkali soil plantation.Wild country melon is flourishing, and branch is more, and growth is fast, and it is strong to seek connections with power, in salt
Alkali plantation on the ground can also be played the role of being retained moisturizing.The economy that another is suitable for planting on salt-soda soil is as ingot
Maple, acer truncatum seed are rich in grease, are a kind of new resource foods, are process by the seed of the endemic tree acer truncatum of China
Vegetable fat.Acer truncatum buge oil can improve NK cell activity, improve the double action of Cellular Immunity and humoral immunity and
Enhance immunity of organisms.Therefore wild country melon and acer truncatum trees can be interplanted on salt-soda soil, it will increase considerably salt-soda soil
Economic value, increase salt-soda soil regional economy income.
Invention content
It is good that technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of moistening effects, helps to increase salt-soda soil economic value
On salt-soda soil interplant wild country melon and acer truncatum water retention cultivating method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：Wild country melon and acer truncatum are interplanted on salt-soda soil
Water retention cultivating method, includes the following steps,
Step 1: site preparation, mid-February plough in salt-soda soil once using deep ploughing machine, fresh water irrigation is utilized after ploughing
The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching dries 10 days after irrigation, until during mid-March, above-mentioned site preparation process is carried out continuously three times, keeps alkaline land soil salinity light
Change；
Step 2: fertilising, mid-March by farm manure and contains when moisture content drops to 20~35% after salt-soda soil is desalinated
Phosphatization fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1800~2000kg/ mus, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer
It is 20~25kg/ mus, is then ploughed using cultivated plough primary, turn in earth's surface soil below, make by farm manure and containing phosphatization fertilizer
Nutriment decomposes, and improves alkaline land soil trophic structure；
Step 3: digging cave, the alkaline land soil surface evening after turning over, and kind of a plant hole, phase are dug in saline and alkaline ground surface
The distance of adjacent two kinds of plant holes is not less than 2 meters, the circular groove for planting wild country melon is arranged around kind of plant hole, the inner ring radius of circular groove is
The width of 60~70cm, circular groove are 30~40cm；
Step 4: after plantation, kind plant hole and circular groove are set, acer truncatum sapling is planted in various plant holes；The beginning of April
Wild country melon is placed in 20~25 DEG C of greenhouse, wild country melon growth branches and tendrils, early May is made to cut wild country melon branches and tendrils,
And it is cut into the cuttage section of 6~10cm, the healthy and strong vigorous cuttage section of growth selection impregnates 20~30 points in rooting powder solution
Clock, by the cuttage section after immersion equably cuttage to circular groove, the ratio of cuttage section aerial part and under ground portion is 3:5；
Step 5: initial management, the first two months after acer truncatum sapling is planted, were poured every ten days once, by fresh water
It directly pours into kind of plant hole, pachyrhizus cuttage initial stage out of office, was poured every ten days once, after pouring twice, watering time
Interval increases by five days, and continuous pouring is twice；
Step 6: middle and later periods management, waits for the dendritic growth of wild country melon to 80~100cm, by length wild country melon branch up to standard
Climing disk respectively is set to acer truncatum sapling periphery and good by rope bundled fixed, keeps wild country melon branches and tendrils upward along acer truncatum sapling
Growth；
Step 7: stalk returns field, after wild country melon harvests, spread fertilizer over the fields being crushed after stalk natural air drying in kind of plant hole, uniformly
It is laid on around acer truncatum sapling, carries out heat and moisture preserving.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step 2, for slight alkaline land, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is
1800kg/ mus, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is 400kg/ mus；For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1900kg/
Mu, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer are 500kg/ mus；For heavy salinized, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 2000kg/ mus, contains phosphatization
The amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of fertilizer is 600kg/ mus.
The farm manure is the excrement gone out from poultry circle as a preferred technical solution, and it is 5 that excrement, which is piled thickness,
Dunghill after~10cm covers the agro-farming soil of 3~5cm, the excrement after covering 5~10cm from cultivated native surface on the surface of dunghill
Just, cycle carries out successively, and dunghill whole height is made to be not less than 1 meter, and fertile heap is sealed fermentation with soil after accumulation, when fermentation
Between no less than 6 months.
Described as a preferred technical solution, containing phosphatization fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double superhosphate, calcium and magnesium
The combination of two kinds of phosphate fertilizer, calcium superphosphate or any of the above or more.
As a preferred technical solution, in the step 6, melon dendritic growth speed in wild country is different, needs to arrange per half a month
And branches and tendrils are bundled to acer truncatum sapling last time, until the later stage branches and tendrils of wild country melon growth do not continue to growth, stopping branch
Climing arrangement binding.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Wild country melon is planted around acer truncatum, wild country melon
Branches and tendrils and leaf can cover the soil around acer truncatum trees, play reduction salt-soda soil moisture evaporation purpose, wild country melon
After branches and tendrils are grown to a certain extent, it is bundled on trees, it is made to be grown up along trunk, with ensureing wild country melon fruit
Growth quality prevents result excessive and influences the size of fruit, is also convenient for managing, and need not artificially stir branches and tendrils, management is more
It is laborsaving, after wild country melon harvest, heap is crushed to the root of acer truncatum trees, realizes that winter keeps the temperature acer truncatum root, realizes
Straw-returning, improve alkaline land soil structure.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further explained.In the following detailed description, it is only retouched by way of explanation
Certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are stated.Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art will recognize, without departing from
In the case of the spirit and scope of the present invention, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways.Therefore,
Description is regarded as illustrative in nature, and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil, in planting process, wild country melon passes through branch
Climing and leaf covers salt-soda soil ground, and the moisture evaporation for preventing direct sunlight from generating plays moisture-keeping function, reduces fresh water irrigation
Number is conducive to salt-soda soil fresh water saving and irrigates, and the present embodiment includes the following steps,
Step 1: site preparation, mid-February plough in salt-soda soil once using deep ploughing machine, fresh water irrigation is utilized after ploughing
The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching dries 10 days after irrigation, until during mid-March, above-mentioned site preparation process is carried out continuously three times, keeps alkaline land soil salinity light
Change.
Step 2: fertilising, mid-March by farm manure and contains when moisture content drops to 20~35% after salt-soda soil is desalinated
Phosphatization fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1800~2000kg/ mus, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer
It is 20~25kg/ mus, is then ploughed using cultivated plough primary, turn in earth's surface soil below, make by farm manure and containing phosphatization fertilizer
Nutriment decomposes, and improves alkaline land soil trophic structure.
In this step, for slight alkaline land, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1800kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is
400kg/ mus；For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1900kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is 500kg/ mus；
For heavy salinized, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 2000kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is 600kg/ mus, according to saline and alkaline
The concrete condition on ground can suitably adjust the additive amount of fertilizer.
The farm manure of the present embodiment is the excrement gone out from poultry circle, and excrement is piled thickness as after 5~10cm
Dunghill, cover the agro-farming soil of 3~5cm on the surface of dunghill, the excrement after covering 5~10cm from cultivated native surface follows successively
Ring carries out, and dunghill whole height is made to be not less than 1 meter, fertile heap is sealed fermentation with soil after accumulation, fermentation time is no less than 6
A month, farm manure nutrition was comprehensive, and alkaline land soil improvement is suitble to use,
Described containing phosphatization fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double superhosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate or more
Arbitrary two kinds or more of combination, the use of phosphate fertilizer are that wild country melon lacks P elements in growth course in order to prevent, prevent open country
Phenomena such as pachyrhizus stem is short and thin and radical leaves turn yellow, to ensure the normal growth of wild country melon.
Step 3: digging cave, the alkaline land soil surface evening after turning over, and kind of a plant hole, phase are dug in saline and alkaline ground surface
The distance of adjacent two kinds of plant holes is not less than 2 meters, the circular groove for planting wild country melon is arranged around kind of plant hole, the inner ring radius of circular groove is
The width of 60~70cm, circular groove are 30~40cm.
Step 4: after plantation, kind plant hole and circular groove are set, acer truncatum sapling is planted in various plant holes；The beginning of April
Wild country melon is placed in 20~25 DEG C of greenhouse, wild country melon growth branches and tendrils, early May is made to cut wild country melon branches and tendrils,
And it is cut into the cuttage section of 6~10cm, the healthy and strong vigorous cuttage section of growth selection impregnates 20~30 points in rooting powder solution
Clock, by the cuttage section after immersion equably cuttage to circular groove, the ratio of cuttage section aerial part and under ground portion is 3:5.
Step 5: initial management, the first two months after acer truncatum sapling is planted, were poured every ten days once, by fresh water
It directly pours into kind of plant hole, pachyrhizus cuttage initial stage out of office, was poured every ten days once, after pouring twice, watering time
Interval increases by five days, and continuous pouring is twice, prevents soil water shortage, the salt and alkali component uplink of salt-soda soil deep layer during this period, wild
The branches and tendrils of pachyrhizus are constantly long, and the branches and tendrils of drawing wild country melon make it be grown towards acer truncatum sapling.
Step 6: middle and later periods management, waits for the dendritic growth of wild country melon to 80~100cm, by length wild country melon branch up to standard
Climing disk respectively is set to acer truncatum sapling periphery and good by rope bundled fixed, keeps wild country melon branches and tendrils upward along acer truncatum sapling
Growth.In this step, melon dendritic growth speed in wild country is different, needs to arrange and bundle branches and tendrils per half a month on acer truncatum sapling one
Secondary, until the later stage branches and tendrils of wild country melon growth do not continue to growth, the arrangement binding for stopping branches and tendrils can be to prevent after binding
Only melon branches and tendrils in wild country are taken root on soil, and fruit growth is too many with avoiding wild country melon, and after binding is primary, there is no need to be turned over to it
Dynamic, management is simple laborsaving.
Step 7: stalk returns field, after wild country melon harvests, spread fertilizer over the fields being crushed after stalk natural air drying in kind of plant hole, uniformly
It is laid on around acer truncatum sapling, carries out heat and moisture preserving.
The wild country melon of the present invention is planted around acer truncatum, and the branches and tendrils and leaf of wild country melon can cover around acer truncatum trees
Soil, play reduce salt-soda soil moisture evaporation purpose, wild country melon branches and tendrils length to a certain extent after, be bundled in trees
On, so that it is grown up along trunk, with the growth quality of with ensureing wild country melon fruit, prevents result excessive and influence the big of fruit
It is small, it is also convenient for managing, need not artificially stir branches and tendrils, management is more laborsaving, after wild country melon harvest, is crushed heap to acer truncatum
The root of trees, realizes that winter keeps the temperature acer truncatum root, and the straw-returning of realization improves alkaline land soil structure.
The basic principles and main features and advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. interplanting the water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum on salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps,
Step 1: salt-soda soil is ploughed once using deep ploughing machine, is washed using fresh water irrigation after ploughing by site preparation, mid-February
Salt dries 10 days after irrigation, until during mid-March, above-mentioned site preparation process is carried out continuously three times, keeps alkaline land soil salinity light
Change；
Step 2: fertilising, mid-March when moisture content drops to 20~35% after salt-soda soil is desalinated, by farm manure and contain phosphatization
Fertile uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields in saline and alkaline the earth's surface, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1800~2000kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is 20
It~25kg/ mus, is then ploughed primary, is turned to by farm manure and containing phosphatization fertilizer in earth's surface soil below using cultivated plough；
Step 3: cave is dug, the alkaline land soil surface evening after turning over, and dig kind of a plant hole in saline and alkaline ground surface, adjacent two
The distance of kind of plant hole is not less than 2 meters, is arranged the circular groove for planting wild country melon around kind of plant hole, and the inner ring radius of circular groove is 60~
The width of 70cm, circular groove are 30~40cm；
Step 4: after plantation, kind plant hole and circular groove are set, acer truncatum sapling is planted in various plant holes；The beginning of April will be wild
Pachyrhizus is placed in 20~25 DEG C of greenhouse, so that wild country melon growth branches and tendrils, early May is cut wild country melon branches and tendrils, and will
It is cut into the cuttage section of 6~10cm, and the healthy and strong vigorous cuttage section of growth selection is impregnated 20~30 minutes in rooting powder solution, will
Equably in cuttage to circular groove, the ratio of cuttage section aerial part and under ground portion is 3 for cuttage section after immersion:5；
Step 5: initial management, the first two months after acer truncatum sapling is planted poured once every ten days, fresh water is direct
It pours into kind of plant hole, pachyrhizus cuttage initial stage out of office, was poured every ten days once, after pouring twice, watering time interval
Increase by five days, and continuous pouring is twice；
Step 6: middle and later periods management, waits for the dendritic growth of wild country melon to 80~100cm, by length wild country melon branches and tendrils up to standard point
Disk is not set to acer truncatum sapling periphery and good by rope bundled fixed, and wild country melon branches and tendrils is made to be given birth to upwards along acer truncatum sapling
It is long；
Step 7: stalk returns field, after wild country melon harvests, spreads fertilizer over the fields being crushed after stalk natural air drying in kind of plant hole, be uniformly laid with
Around acer truncatum sapling, heat and moisture preserving is carried out.
2. the water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 2, for slight alkaline land, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1800kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is
400kg/ mus；For moderate saline-alkali soil, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 1900kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is 500kg/ mus；
For heavy salinized, the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields of farm manure is 2000kg/ mus, and the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields containing phosphatization fertilizer is 600kg/ mus.
3. the water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The farm manure is the excrement gone out from poultry circle, excrement is piled the dunghill after thickness is 5~10cm, on the surface of dunghill
The agro-farming soil for covering 3~5cm, the excrement after covering 5~10cm from cultivated native surface, recycles carry out successively, keeps dunghill whole high
Degree is not less than 1 meter, fertile heap is sealed fermentation with soil after accumulation, fermentation time is no less than 6 months.
4. the water retention cultivating method as claimed in claim 1,2 or 3 for interplanting wild country melon and acer truncatum on salt-soda soil, feature
It is：Described containing phosphatization fertilizer includes monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), double superhosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium superphosphate or any of the above
Two kinds or more of combination.
5. the water retention cultivating method of wild country melon and acer truncatum is interplanted on salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：
In the step 6, melon dendritic growth speed in wild country is different, needs to arrange and bundle branches and tendrils per half a month on acer truncatum sapling one
It is secondary, until the later stage branches and tendrils of wild country melon growth do not continue to growth, stop the arrangement binding of branches and tendrils.
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| CN111357421A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-03 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Soil improvement method combining oyster mushroom planting and saline-alkali soil |
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Application publication date: 20180720 |