CN109511453A - A kind of field recurrence planting technology of Merrillanthus hainanensis - Google Patents
A kind of field recurrence planting technology of Merrillanthus hainanensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511453A CN109511453A CN201811533295.3A CN201811533295A CN109511453A CN 109511453 A CN109511453 A CN 109511453A CN 201811533295 A CN201811533295 A CN 201811533295A CN 109511453 A CN109511453 A CN 109511453A
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- merrillanthus
- hainanensis
- cuttings
- cuttage
- growth
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fields of Merrillanthus hainanensis to return planting technology, and the cuttage fast breeding method including Merrillanthus hainanensis includes the following steps: A, cuttings processing, and B, disinfection treatment, C, promoting root growth processing, numerous processing, E, screening are expanded in D, cuttage；The invention also includes Merrillanthus hainanensis fields to return planting technology, includes the following steps: that (1) Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling prepares, and the selection of (2) planting site, (3) beat cave, (4) plantation, (5) management.A kind of field of Merrillanthus hainanensis of the present invention return the Merrillanthus hainanensis that planting technology is cultivated have the characteristics that breed the time is short, occupied area is small, growth result is good, the speed of growth is fast and can after recurrence is planted next year can blossom and bear fruit.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to conservation biology scopes, and in particular to endangered plants Merrillanthus hainanensis planting technology.
[background technique]
Merrillanthus hainanensis (Merrillanthus hainanensis Chun et Tsiang) is to be subordinate to Asclepiadaceae
(Asclepiadaceae) liana of hump Calamus (Merrillanthus), be distributed it is extremely narrow, before only in China
Hainan white sand, Guangdong height are wanted and Dinghu Hill finds its fragmentary distributed point, and Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province carries out the generaI investigation of wild plant within 2007
In the process, its wild distributed point is found in the Zhongshan Wuguishan park Tian Xin, it is wild at global 4th to become the species
Distribution ground, it is typical autogenus that the hump Calamus where Merrillanthus hainanensis, which only has this kind of one kind, and Merrillanthus hainanensis is section's only one
The kind of paracorolla meat protuberance, the unique paracorolla outside of belly and pollen are adhered, and spread to its anther and column cap pollination has important shadow
It rings, therefore Merrillanthus hainanensis is the key that inquire into Asclepiadaceae plant flower trait, function ecological significance and evolution to belong to, and inquire into plant
The important category of feature, property and occurrence and development and its evolution of fauna occupies an important position in Asclepiadaceae.Due to Merrillanthus hainanensis
Population development and environment are coerced always, are put into Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant, and by World Conservation Union (IUCN)
It is chosen as (EN) grade in imminent danger, Merrillanthus hainanensis is China specialty plant, and it is National Wild Conservative Plants that distribution is few.
The excessive cycle of current breeding method cultivation Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling, about 4-5 months, and also complex procedures, survival rate
It is not high.
There has been no the methods of artificial growth Merrillanthus hainanensis at present, can only breed by plant itself, but plant oneself itself
The seed vitality born after pollination is lower, causes germination rate after seed dispersal low, so Merrillanthus hainanensis is in population and constantly withers
Contracting, almost exhausted status.
[summary of the invention]
To solve Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling excessive cycle, the not high problem of survival rate, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is design one
The cuttage fast breeding method of kind Merrillanthus hainanensis, includes the following steps:
A, cuttings is handled: selecting 2 years or more Merrillanthus hainanensis old branch items as cuttings；
B, it disinfects: cuttings described in step A being soaked in carbendazim solution and is carried out disinfection；
C, promoting root growth is handled: the cuttings after sterilizing described in step B being immersed and is dissolved in distilled water system using indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
At taking root liquid in；
D, numerous processing is expanded in cuttage: the mixed-matrix of cuttings insertion red earth, river sand described in step C, peat soil is being fitted
It is planted under the suitable time；
E, screen: step D kind plant a period of time after screening adventitious root quantity 12-15 item, length be more than 3cm cuttings into
Row planting bag, which is cultivated, is used as Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling.
Above step cultivates that the Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling period is short, and the speed of growth is fast, and growth result is good, can also effectively prevent and fungi
Caused various crop disease.
The processing of step A cuttings retains 1-2 leaf segment of upper end, and cuttings upper end straight snips, 45 ° of lower end base portion are tiltedly cut, with
Leaf transpiration effect is reduced, survival rate is improved.
To reach chemical pure after being dissolved in distilled water after indolebutyric acid described in the step C and methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixing, promote
Plant Rapid development.
Mixed-matrix described in the step D is red earth, river sand, peat soil volume ratio are 1:1:1, guarantees nutrition
Supply and the guarantee gas permeability of soil.
The mixed-matrix handled well is packed into hole tray and is compacted by the step D, after promoting root growth described in step C
Cuttings is inserted into the mixed-matrix, and a root cutting fringe is inserted in the hole tray hole, and cuttings insertion depth 3-5cm is advisable, after poured with shower
The saturating hole tray, and shading net is built, it can detecte and adjust temperature and humidity, guarantee that growth bad border is good.
The step D can be carried out in greenhouse or in the open, and outdoor suitable time is annual March to October, and greenhouse is complete
Every year can, plant survival suitable time, improve survival rate.
To solve the problems, such as that Merrillanthus hainanensis can only be by self-reproduction currently without technology artificial growth, the skill that the present invention uses
Art scheme is to design a kind of field recurrence planting technology of Merrillanthus hainanensis, is included the following steps:
(1) Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling prepares: the Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling obtained using a kind of cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis；
(2) planting site selects: selecting border or sparse woods hayashishita, soil layer are red earth；
(3) it beats cave: beating kind of a plant hole near the big tree of step (2) selected planting site, and kind of a plant hole is cured
Processing；
(4) it plants: described Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling merging step (3) the described kind of plant hole of step (1) being planted, pours and determines with water,
And bracket is climbed up by holding on in setting on kind of plant hole；
(5) it manages: step (3) described Merrillanthus hainanensis is grown on suitable length rear haulage to big tree trunk.
The good speed of growth of above step Merrillanthus hainanensis growth result is fast, and process is simple, and the environment through overcuring can mention
It is high for nutriment survival rate
Kind plant hole described in the step (3) should discharge organic fertilizer 200g-300g and curing 14 days or more, effectively change
Kind soil, enhances the fertilizer supply and preservation ability of soil.
Merrillanthus hainanensis suitable length described in the step (5) is to climb up by holding on to bracket 1m or more described in the Merrillanthus hainanensis is longer than, and is reached
Need to climb up by holding on to the preferably growth of big tree to the maturity period.
The Merrillanthus hainanensis that big tree growth is climbed up by holding on to described in the step (5) needs every half a year to discharge primary release amount to be 150g-
The organic fertilizer of 200g increases output increased quality, fast-growth.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. Merrillanthus hainanensis cuttage fast breeding of the invention carries out taking root liquid immersion after selection, then expanded by cuttage
Numerous processing just carries out cultivating last screening Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling, so the breeding time is short, the speed of growth is fast, because by disinfection treatment,
So growth result is good, survival rate is high.
It plants 2. Merrillanthus hainanensis of the invention returns planting technology Merrillanthus hainanensis seed in the suitable environment through overcuring, then climbs up by holding on to
Bracket growth, so the good speed of growth of growth result is fast, the environment through overcuring can provide nutriment survival rate height, pass through
This series of artificial growth solves the problems, such as that plant oneself breeds bad population depression.
[specific embodiment]
In order to which the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail, it should be understood that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain
The present invention is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis of the present invention, includes the following steps:
A, cuttings is handled: choosing biennial or above Merrillanthus hainanensis old branch item as cuttings, the length of cuttings is 12-
15cm, each cuttings retain 1-2 leaf segment of upper end, and cuttings upper end straight snips, 45 ° of lower end base portion are tiltedly cut, and the vertical middle arteries of blade are cut
Remove 1/2-2/3；
B, it disinfects: the carbendazol that cuttings described in step A is soaked in 250mg/L being carried out disinfection, soaking time is
15-30 minutes, rear taking-up cleaning was dried；
C, promoting root growth is handled: the cuttings after sterilizing described in step B being immersed and uses indolebutyric acid 250mg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 500mg
It is dissolved in taking root liquid made of 1000ml distilled water, soaking depth is that 3cm or so is advisable, and soaking time 5-15 minutes, taking-up was dried in the air
It is dry；
D, numerous processing is expanded in cuttage: the mixed-matrix handled well being packed into 21 hole hole trays, is compacted matrix, and step C is promoted
In cuttings insertion matrix after root, a root cutting fringe is inserted in each hole tray hole, and cuttings insertion depth 3-5cm is advisable, whole cuttings processing
Hole tray is irrigated with shower after the completion, and builds shading net, a water is irrigated to matrix every other day, daily to the temperature and humidity in shading net
It is monitored, wherein for temperature no more than 28 DEG C, humidity should not be greater than 90%, if temperature is excessively high or humidity is excessively high starts screening
Screened negative is aeration-cooling；
E, screen: step D kind plant a period of time after screening adventitious root quantity 12-15 item, length be more than 3cm cuttings into
Row planting bag, which is cultivated, is used as Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling.
The following are the embodiments of the cutting propagation of Merrillanthus hainanensis, wherein when choosing weather and the similar nursery of Proterozoic and implementation
Between be mid-March, intercept the biennial branch of Merrillanthus hainanensis, be trimmed to the cuttings of 12cm long with scissors, 2 leaves of reservation in the middle part of cuttings
Section, all leaves clip half blade face, then lower end socket is trimmed to oblique angle at 45 °, every 10 a bundle of the use of cuttings item with scissors
Elastic string is tied, and the 250mg/L carbendazim thimerosal prepared in advance is poured into plastic tub, and liquid level 2cm is inserted what is tied
Fringe is inserted perpendicularly into plastic tub, is taken out and is dried after impregnating 30 minutes, then a plastic tub is taken to pour into the taking root liquid prepared in advance, liquid
Face height 2cm is inserted perpendicularly into the cuttings that disinfection is completed, and impregnates 10 minutes, takes out and air-dry 2 hours.
The seedling growth greenhouse of a high 2m is propped with brandreth in advance, on covered with black shading net, shading net is also used on ground
Covering is to prevent weed growth.Several 21 hole hole trays are taken, example by volume has been filled and has mixed (red earth, river sand, peat
Soil=1:1:1) and sterilized mixed-matrix, the cuttings after promoting root growth is inserted perpendicularly into matrix one by one, after the completion of whole cuttages
It is placed in seedling growth greenhouse, is watered on hole tray surface up to irrigating with pore shower, the bamboo cane of 50cm long several are taken, in hole tray two
Side is inserted into ground and forms arch, above covers black shading net, and surrounding is fixed to guarantee to shade.The temperature and humidity in detection hole tray becomes daily
Change, and observes the situation of taking root of cuttings.
Observation on Growth record after the embodiment cuttage 30 days of 1 three groups of table
It is one group for 10 hole trays to observe, observes 3 groups altogether.It shows according to testing result, the cuttings of embodiment two is most
The appearance of adventitious root can be observed early in the 6th day, statistics survives quantity within the 30th day, and every group takes 10 plants of measurements radicals, longest
The indexs such as root long.As a result are as follows: thick line adventitious root average time is 7.33 days, average survival 95.87%, and mean elements is
13.87 item, average longest root long is 9.09cm, it was demonstrated that the cutting propagation success of Merrillanthus hainanensis.
The Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling health of three groups of embodiment breedings is healthy and strong, and average viability is more than 95%, and can be out of the garden kind for 30 days
It plants, and material requested is simple and easy to get, is conducive to promote.
A kind of field recurrence planting technology of Merrillanthus hainanensis, includes the following steps:
(1) Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling prepares: the Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling obtained using a kind of cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis；
(2) planting site selects: since Merrillanthus hainanensis is half negative plant, primary growing environment is slightly closing, sunlight scattering, light
The preferable border of line or sparse woods hayashishita, and the irradiation of high hayashishita without sunlight is spent in forest cover then will affect the growth of Merrillanthus hainanensis.It is wild
Outer recurrence planting site should also select approximate forest land environment, and planting site is selected in border or sparse woods hayashishita, height above sea level 0-100m, the gradient
Less than 30 °, soil layer is red earth, and the thicker planting site of hayashishita humus layer is more suitble to, and implantation time preferably selects spring and autumn；
(3) beat cave: kind plant hole should be no more than in 2m diametral distance as close as possible to big tree beats cave, and the specification for planting plant hole is
50cm*50cm*40cm, each kind of plant hole should discharge organic fertilizer 250g before planting, and cure no less than 14 days time；
(4) it plants: selecting upper bag to be colonized Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling more than half a year when plantation, be placed in kind after seedling is removed planting bag
Plant hole center, and tamped after backfill, a root water is poured, three 2m bamboo canes of branch at kind of plant hole central diameter 0.5m,
It is tightened at 1.5m with rope, forms liana and climb up by holding on to bracket；
(5) it manages: periodically checking the growth length of liana, if length has been grown and climbs up by holding on to bracket 1m or so, can manually lead
It leads on big tree trunk, continues to climb up by holding on to big tree growth, discharge an organic fertilizer (organic fertilizer must cure in advance), release every half a year
It is high-volume 150g.
The following are the embodiments that the field of Merrillanthus hainanensis returns planting technology, wherein choosing weather and the similar meadow of Proterozoic
And implement the time as late April, which is located at scondary forest border, and the primary a piece of aleurite montana arbor sparse woods of growth plant premise
Before carry out beating cave and make preparation for ploughing and sowing, kind plant hole size is 50cm*50cm*40cm, and kind plant hole interval is 3m*3m, and each kind of plant hole, which discharges, to be had
Machine fertilizer 250g and it is 14 days decomposed after plant, the nursery stock for returning plantation is that numerous nursery stock is expanded in cuttage, and each kind of plant hole plants one plant
Seedling should in advance take out planting bag before plantation, be put into kind of plant hole and backfill planting soil, build to climb rattan teapoy and sufficiently pour and determine root
Water discharges an organic fertilizer, measures as 150g after half a year.
The data records such as its survival rate, upgrowth situation, liana length, flowering time are observed after half a year, as a result as follows:
Growing state after 2 three groups of embodiment seedling growth half a year of table
It is observed using 40 plants of Teng Miao as 1 group, observes 3 groups altogether, show according to testing result, the recurrence of three groups of embodiments
Planting average survival is more than 95%, and finds that plant plantation has found mature hump after two months during observation
Fruit vine, and in the ground-level finding part Merrillanthus hainanensis seed that maturation falls off, it was demonstrated that it returns plantation plant and is planting current year just
It can smoothly blossom and bear fruit.
The Merrillanthus hainanensis health of three groups of embodiments is healthy and strong, and average viability is more than 95%, can be yielded positive results within two months, and institute
It needs material simple and easy to get, is conducive to promote.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the scope of the present invention,
Therefore any subtle modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention, still
Belong in the range of the present invention program.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis, it is characterised in that following steps:
A, cuttings is handled: selecting 2 years or more Merrillanthus hainanensis old branch items as cuttings；
B, it disinfects: cuttings described in step A being soaked in carbendazim solution and is carried out disinfection；
C, promoting root growth is handled: the cuttings after sterilizing described in step B being immersed and is dissolved in made of distilled water using indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
In taking root liquid；
D, numerous processing is expanded in cuttage: the mixed-matrix of cuttings insertion red earth, river sand, peat soil described in step C when suitable
Between under planted；
E, screen: screening adventitious root quantity is planted in the cuttings that 12-15 item, length are more than 3cm after step D kind plants a period of time
Bag is planted to cultivate as Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling.
2. the cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the processing of step A is inserted
Fringe retains 1-2 leaf segment of upper end, and cuttings upper end straight snips, 45 ° of lower end base portion are tiltedly cut.
3. the cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Yin described in the step C
To reach chemical pure after being dissolved in distilled water after diindyl butyric acid and methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixing.
4. the cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in the step D
Mixed-matrix is red earth, river sand, peat soil volume ratio are 1:1:1.
5. the cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the step D will be described
The mixed-matrix handled well is packed into hole tray and is compacted, and the cuttings after promoting root growth described in step C is inserted into the mixed-matrix, institute
State hole tray hole and insert a root cutting fringe, cuttings insertion depth 3-5cm is advisable, after with shower irrigate the hole tray, and build shading net.
6. the cuttage fast breeding method of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the step D can be in temperature
Room carries out in the open, and outdoor suitable time is annual March to October, greenhouse whole year.
7. a kind of field of Merrillanthus hainanensis returns planting technology, it is characterised in that following steps:
(1) Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling prepares: the cuttage using a kind of Merrillanthus hainanensis as described in any one of claim 1 to 6 is quickly numerous
Educate the Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling that method obtains；
(2) planting site selects: selecting border or sparse woods hayashishita, soil layer are red earth；
(3) it beats cave: beating kind of a plant hole near the big tree of step (2) selected planting site, and maturation process is carried out to kind of plant hole；
(4) it plants: described Merrillanthus hainanensis seedling merging step (3) the described kind of plant hole of step (1) is planted, it is fixed with water to pour, and
Bracket is climbed up by holding on in setting on kind plant hole；
(5) it manages: step (3) described Merrillanthus hainanensis is grown on suitable length rear haulage to big tree trunk.
8. the field of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 7 returns planting technology, it is characterised in that: institute in the step (3)
Organic fertilizer 200g-300g and curing 14 days or more should be discharged by stating kind of plant hole.
9. the field of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 7 returns planting technology, it is characterised in that: institute in the step (5)
Stating Merrillanthus hainanensis suitable length is to climb up by holding on to bracket 1m or more described in the Merrillanthus hainanensis is longer than.
10. the field of Merrillanthus hainanensis according to claim 9 returns planting technology, it is characterised in that: institute in the step (5)
It states and climbs up by holding on to the Merrillanthus hainanensis of big tree growth and need every half a year and discharge the organic fertilizer that primary release amount is 150g-200g.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811533295.3A CN109511453A (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | A kind of field recurrence planting technology of Merrillanthus hainanensis |
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| CN201811533295.3A CN109511453A (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | A kind of field recurrence planting technology of Merrillanthus hainanensis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110140577A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-20 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of taxus chinensis in northeast field homing method |
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Application publication date: 20190326 |