CN109452013A - A kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN109452013A CN109452013A CN201811623143.2A CN201811623143A CN109452013A CN 109452013 A CN109452013 A CN 109452013A CN 201811623143 A CN201811623143 A CN 201811623143A CN 109452013 A CN109452013 A CN 109452013A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cuttage breeding methods of overlength handle tea, including elite stand cultivation, cuttings cuttage and daily management process, the female Miao Zuowei cultivated by nursery technique is adopted fringe mother's seedling to cultivate with being transplanted to garden, promote to sprout, tloig-cutlage is acquired in the cutting bed equipped with cutting medium, the water content for controlling illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix, obtains overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling.The method of the present invention breeds overlength handle tea wooden seedling using vegetative manner, and wooden seedling high survival rate, method is easy to operate, is suitble to the plantation of overlength handle tea to promote, is conducive to the protection and utilization of overlength handle tea germ plasm resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, and in particular to a kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea.
Background technique
Overlength handle tea (Camellia longissima) be Theaceae Camellia overlength handle tea group (Sect. Longissima) (Zhang Hongda Camellia categorizing system) plant, or the long stalk tea group of category (Sect. longipedicellata) (Min
Its Lu Camellia categorizing system) plant.Overlength handle tea is shrub or dungarunga, and 3~3.5 meters high, the florescence is white between Winter-Spring
Flower, pattern is slightly with faint yellow, and 1~2 axillary, anthocaulus is long, and anthocaulus is about 4 centimetres.It is shown according to document and investigation data: should
Species 1981 evergreen broad-leaveds in China and 440~450 meter area of height above sea level in the village Ban Bi, Longzhou county of Vietnam's intersection
It is found in woods, only has found that 5 adult single plant individuals, related systematicalian continue in region near discovery overlength handle tea
It finds repeatedly whether with the presence of other overlength handle tea single plant individuals, but all not new discovery.
Since wild overlength handle tea population at individual is rare and is scattered distribution, usually flowering asynchronism, and due to artificial
The reasons such as excavation result in overlength handle tea natural propagation and renewal speed it is slow, in view of the extremely narrow distribution of overlength handle tea and
Minimum population quantity and artificial destruction is serious, and Wild ornamental resources have faced the severe situation thoroughly to disappear, there is an urgent need to
The artificial breeding trials such as cutting propagation are carried out to overlength handle tea, explore vegetative manner of the overlength handle tea in addition to seminal propagation,
Overlength handle tea preciousness germplasm gene is saved, and the nursery stock of artificial breeding is used preservation, reaches us to overlength handle tea kind
The protection purpose of matter resource, to ensure the persistence to overlength handle tea fine germplasm resources and valuable genetic resources.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above deficiencies, the invention discloses a kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea, vegetative propagation side is used
Formula breeds overlength handle tea wooden seedling, and wooden seedling high survival rate, method is easy to operate, is suitble to the plantation of overlength handle tea to promote, is conducive to surpass
The protection and utilization of long handle tea germ plasm resource.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
A kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea, including elite stand cultivation, cuttings cuttage and daily management process, by growing directly from seeds
Female Miao Zuowei that seedling cultivation comes out adopts fringe mother's seedling and cultivates with being transplanted to garden, promotees to sprout, and acquisition tloig-cutlage is in equipped with cuttage
In the cutting bed of matrix, the water content of illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix is controlled, overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling is obtained,
Its operating procedure is as follows:
(1) scion-seed tree is cultivated:
1. collecting seed: harvesting in the fruit maturation of overlength handle tea, and ventilation is dried in the shade in holding chamber, taken out to cracking of fruit in time
Seed；
2. tray seedling growth: after selecting the seed of mature and plump, free from insect pests to impregnate 20min with clear water, being put into mass concentration is 3%
In liquor potassic permanganate carry out surface sterilization 10min, then rinsed well with clear water, be subsequently placed into germination liquid impregnate 8~
Soaked seed is put on the wet filter paper in the culture dish sterilized, is placed in the constant temperature of 25 DEG C, relative humidity 70% by 10h
Vernalization handles 8~10h in incubator；Seedling medium is put into pallet, vernalization treated seed is then embedded to seedling medium
At the 2/3 of depth, one layer of earthing is then covered again, is poured using the wood vinegar solution that volumetric concentration is 2%, so that earthing and educating
Seedling matrix is filled with moisture, and control nursery temperature is 20 DEG C；
The germination liquid be 0.03% by mass concentration gallic acid solution and mass concentration be 0.03% arbutin it is molten
What liquid was uniformly mixed to get in equal volume；
3. preparing to garden: selection topography is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the plot that irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil is more fertile, to garden carry out complete
It cultivates, the wide 40cm of pavement, the wide 1m of furrow is set, furrow are long to dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot according to landform, and hack is smooth, removes grass roots；By seeding row spacing
25cm × 30cm digs the field planting bank that length is 20cm；The cool canopy that obscurity is 50~60% is put up in case shade；
4. mother Miao Yizhi: carrying out preferably, selecting ground diameter 0.4cm or more, height to the overlength handle tea shoot obtained by tray seedling growth
The healthy and strong overlength handle tea shoot of 15cm or more is colonized in field planting bank as female seedling, fills up bank cave with backfill surface soil, and slightly above
Bank face, root water of drenching；Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in the backfill surface soil of every plant of female seedling and mixes
It mixes thoroughly；
5. truncation rush is sprouted: female Miao Yizhi same day or next day are cut with benefit and are sprouted to female Miao Jinhang truncation rush；
6. mother Miao Guanli: female Miao Yizhi is after 30 days, the conventional compound fertilizer for being 0.5~1.0% every 15 days leaching Shi Yici mass concentrations
Aqueous, artificial weeding, and before weeding and water drenching is wanted after weeding, obtain scion-seed tree；Scion-seed tree after adopting fringe carry out weeding,
It loosens the soil and every plant applies decomposed organic fertilizer 150g, calcium magnesium phosphate 150g, it is 0.5~1.0% that a mass concentration was drenched every 15 days
Conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous；
(2) cuttings cuttage:
1. building cool canopy: making cutting bed in greenhouse or in the greenhouse put up, cutting bed puts up screening before cuttage and seedling culture
Luminosity is 50~60% cool canopies in case shade；
2. cuttings acquires: in annual March~May, the healthy and strong no disease and pests harm of 5~8cm long of clip, annual from scion-seed tree
The cuttings of semi-lignified or complete lignifying branch as cuttage；
3. fringe bar is trimmed: cuttings being cut off to whole blades of 3~4cm of base portion or more, only retains 1~2 leaf on top, and handle
1~2 leaf retained is cut into half leaf, then cuttings lower end is cut to angle shape；
4. disinfection treatment: stand-by after cuttings is rinsed with taking-up after 0.5% carbendazim soaking disinfection 15min of volumetric concentration with clear water；
5. cuttage: it will be immersed in 2~3h in growth regulator by the base portion of cuttings of disinfection treatment, then pull air-dried 2 out~
Cuttage is carried out after 3min immediately；The growth regulator is grouped as by the group of following mass concentration: the mg/ of 100 mg/L~200
L methyl α-naphthyl acetate, the mg/L indolebutyric acid of 300 mg/L~500；
6. the method for cuttage: cuttage is carried out by the seeding row spacing of 4cm × 6cm on cutting bed, first with slightly than diameter when cuttage
Thick small wooden inserts an aperture on cutting medium, and then cuttings is inserted into cutting medium, and cuttage depth is cutting length
1/2~1/3, the blade of cuttings is unable to juxtaposition, then by around cuttings cutting medium be compacted；1 is poured after cuttage immediately
Secondary permeable and flushing blade, makes cuttings combine closely with cutting medium；The cutting medium is the yellow soil by every 80~100g
It is middle be added 1~3ml mass-volume concentration be 250mg/L polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1~3ml mass-volume concentration be 100mg/L
Citric acid and 1~3ml mass-volume concentration be 100mg/L cysteine be uniformly mixed to get；
(3) daily management:
1. being managed after cuttage: plastic film cover moisturizing encircleed immediately to the cuttings after cuttage, keep cutting medium water content 60%~
70%, relative humidity is maintained at 90% or more, and during which moisture preserving cover should not be opened often；After cuttage, 1 spray was sprayed every 7~10 days
Agent is applied, if cuttings has withered, mildew or fallen leaves to be purged in time；The spray is in parts by weight by 2~4 parts
Foliar fertilizer, 2~5 parts of fungicide and 1000 parts of water, which are uniformly mixed, to be obtained, the foliar fertilizer be potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Ye Mian Bao and
Any one in big fertilizer king, the fungicide is any one in carbendazim, zineb and first phase thiophanate；
2. being managed after taking root:
A, promote bud: after cuttage rooting, being carried out promoting bud processing with cuttings of the triacontanol medical fluid of 0.5~1mg/kg to non-rudiment；
B, it hardening: 15 days after cuttage rooting, gradually decreases water spray frequency and carries out hardening；
C, it is managed after hardening: mainly carrying out the prevention and treatment of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, can be out of the garden when wooden seedling grows tall 10~15cm.
Further, truncation rush as described in step (1), which sprouts method, is truncated at 10~15cm of ground in female seedling base portion,
And it is applied to conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous that mass concentration is 0.5~1.0%.
Further, seedling medium as described in step (1) is in parts by weight by 10 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of mushroom slags, 5 portions of Radix Notoginseng
Powder, the mixing of 10 parts of yellow soils, then plus water adjusts water content 60%, builds heap fermentation, controls fermentation temperature at 40 DEG C, and fermentation 5~
Drying after 7 days can be obtained seedling medium.
Further, earthing as described in step (1) is in parts by weight to mix 3 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of sandy soil
What conjunction obtained.
Further, organic fertilizer as described in step (1) is in parts by weight by 10 parts of chicken manures, 2 parts of urea, 50 stalks, 30
The mixing of part manioc waste is obtained by the decomposed fermentation of conventional compostation.
Further, cutting bed described in step (2) is set as the high 30cm of edge of bed, wide l00cm, long 6m~8m；Cutting bed
Interior to make drainage blanket with clean fresh river sand or cobble, then thickness 20cm loads cutting medium, with a thickness of 8~12cm, and use matter
Amount concentration is that 0.2%~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate carries out disinfection for 2~3 days before cuttage.
The technical program has the advantages that compared with prior art
1, the method for the present invention harvests the fruit of overlength handle tea in time and selects mature and plump according to the habit of overlength handle tea
Seed carry out nursery technique, the female Miao Zuowei cultivated is adopted into fringe mother's seedling and cultivated with being transplanted to garden, promoted to sprout and be given birth to
Long healthy and strong scion-seed tree adopts fringe cuttage and provides high-quality fringe bar to be subsequent；The method of the present invention also uses gallic acid and arbutin
The germination liquid that science is prepared carries out vernalization processing to the seed of overlength handle tea, while preparing the nursery base for being suitble to the tea nursery of overlength handle
Matter improves the breeding efficiency of overlength handle tea.
2, chicken manure, urea, stalk and manioc waste are mixed in scion-seed tree cultivation and pass through conventional compostation by the method for the present invention
The decomposed obtained organic fertilizer of fermenting, then after mix base manure as mother Miao Dingzhi in proportion by organic fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate and adopt fringe
Top dressing, promote elite stand growth, making to generate has the strong branch of meristematic capacity.
3, the method for the present invention acquires the overlength handle tea branch of annual semi-lignified or complete lignifying as cuttings, selection
Suitable cutting time carries out cuttage, and controls the water content of illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix, to obtain Gao Pin
The overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling of matter.
4, by a certain percentage by methyl α-naphthyl acetate and the uniform mixed preparing growth regulator of indolebutyric acid in the method for the present invention, and
Cuttage is carried out after cuttings is impregnated in growth regulator again, the growth of fringe bar can be effectively facilitated, improves the rooting rate of nursery stock；
The cutting medium that the method for the present invention is prepared using yellow soil, polyvinylpyrrolidone, citric acid, cysteine, while periodically spray
It applies by the mixing spray of foliar fertilizer and fungicide preparation, fringe bar can be effectively facilitated and taken root, prevent fringe bar aging, improve cuttings
Survival rate.
5, the method for the present invention breeds overlength handle tea wooden seedling using vegetative manner, solves overlength handle tea artificial culture skill
Art problem, wooden seedling high survival rate, method is easy to operate, is suitble to the plantation of overlength handle tea to promote, is conducive to overlength handle tea good species
The preservation of matter resource and valuable genetic resources.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but not as limitation of the present invention.In the following example not
Dated specific experiment condition and method, used technological means are usually conventional hand well-known to those skilled in the art
Section.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea, including elite stand cultivation, cuttings cuttage and daily management process, by growing directly from seeds
Female Miao Zuowei that seedling cultivation comes out adopts fringe mother's seedling and cultivates with being transplanted to garden, promotees to sprout, and acquisition tloig-cutlage is in equipped with cuttage
In the cutting bed of matrix, the water content of illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix is controlled, overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling is obtained,
Its operating procedure is as follows:
(1) scion-seed tree is cultivated:
1. collecting seed: harvesting in the fruit maturation of overlength handle tea, and ventilation is dried in the shade in holding chamber, taken out to cracking of fruit in time
Seed；
2. tray seedling growth: after selecting the seed of mature and plump, free from insect pests to impregnate 20min with clear water, being put into mass concentration is 3%
Surface sterilization 10min is carried out in liquor potassic permanganate, is then rinsed well with clear water, is subsequently placed into germination liquid and impregnates 10h, it will
Soaked seed is put on the wet filter paper in the culture dish sterilized, is placed in the constant incubator of 25 DEG C, relative humidity 70%
Middle vernalization handles 10h；Seedling medium is put into pallet, then by the 2/3 of vernalization treated seed embedment seedling medium depth
Place, then covers one layer of earthing again, is poured using the wood vinegar solution that volumetric concentration is 2%, so that earthing and seedling medium all fill
Full water point, control nursery temperature are 20 DEG C；
The seedling medium is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of mushroom slags, 5 parts of Radix Notoginseng powders, 10 parts of yellow soils, so
Afterwards plus water adjusts water content 60%, builds heap fermentation, controls fermentation temperature at 40 DEG C, fermentation is dried after 7 days can be obtained nursery base
Matter；
3 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of sandy soil are mixed to get by the earthing in parts by weight；
The germination liquid be 0.03% by mass concentration gallic acid solution and mass concentration be 0.03% arbutin it is molten
What liquid was uniformly mixed to get in equal volume；
3. preparing to garden: selection topography is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the plot that irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil is more fertile, to garden carry out complete
It cultivates, the wide 40cm of pavement, the wide 1m of furrow is set, furrow are long to dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot according to landform, and hack is smooth, removes grass roots；By seeding row spacing
25cm × 30cm digs the field planting bank that length is 20cm；The cool canopy that obscurity is 60% is put up in case shade；
4. mother Miao Yizhi: carrying out preferably, selecting ground diameter 0.4cm or more, height to the overlength handle tea shoot obtained by tray seedling growth
The healthy and strong overlength handle tea shoot of 15cm or more is colonized in field planting bank as female seedling, fills up bank cave with backfill surface soil, and slightly above
Bank face, root water of drenching；Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in the backfill surface soil of every plant of female seedling and mixes
It mixes thoroughly；The organic fertilizer is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of chicken manures, 2 parts of urea, 50 stalks, 30 parts of manioc wastes by conventional
What compost maturity fermented；
5. truncation rush is sprouted: female Miao Yizhi same day or next day are cut with benefit and are sprouted to female Miao Jinhang truncation rush；The truncation rush sprouts method
It is to be truncated at the 12cm of ground in female seedling base portion, and be applied to conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous that mass concentration is 0.5%；
6. mother Miao Guanli: female Miao Yizhi is after 30 days, the conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous for being 0.5% every 15 days leaching Shi Yici mass concentrations,
Artificial weeding, and before weeding and water drenching is wanted after weeding, obtain scion-seed tree；Scion-seed tree after adopting fringe carries out weeding, loosens the soil
Decomposed organic fertilizer 150g, calcium magnesium phosphate 150g are applied with every plant, the routine for being 0.5% every the mass concentration of leaching in 15 days is multiple
Hefei aqueous；
(2) cuttings cuttage:
1. building cool canopy: making cutting bed in greenhouse or in the greenhouse put up, cutting bed puts up screening before cuttage and seedling culture
Luminosity is 60% cool canopy in case shade；
2. cuttings acquires: in annual May, the healthy and strong no disease and pests harm of clip 8cm long, annual complete wooden from scion-seed tree
Change cuttings of the branch as cuttage；
3. fringe bar is trimmed: cuttings being cut off to whole blades of 3~4cm of base portion or more, only retains 1~2 leaf on top, and handle
1~2 leaf retained is cut into half leaf, then cuttings lower end is cut to angle shape；
4. disinfection treatment: stand-by after cuttings is rinsed with taking-up after 0.5% carbendazim soaking disinfection 15min of volumetric concentration with clear water；
5. cuttage: the base portion of the cuttings by disinfection treatment being immersed in 3h in growth regulator, then pulls air-dried 2~3min out
Carry out cuttage immediately afterwards；The growth regulator is grouped as by the group of following mass concentration: 150 mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetates, 400
Mg/L indolebutyric acid；
6. the method for cuttage: cuttage is carried out by the seeding row spacing of 4cm × 6cm on cutting bed, first with slightly than diameter when cuttage
Thick small wooden inserts an aperture on cutting medium, and then cuttings is inserted into cutting medium, and cuttage depth is cutting length
1/2~1/3, the blade of cuttings is unable to juxtaposition, then by around cuttings cutting medium be compacted；1 is poured after cuttage immediately
Secondary permeable and flushing blade, makes cuttings combine closely with cutting medium；The cutting medium is added in the yellow soil by every 100g
Enter the polyvinylpyrrolidone that 3ml mass-volume concentration is 250mg/L, the citric acid that 3ml mass-volume concentration is 100mg/L and
2ml mass-volume concentration is what the cysteine of 100mg/L was uniformly mixed to get；
The cutting bed is set as the high 30cm of edge of bed, wide l00cm, long 8m；Made in cutting bed with clean fresh river sand or cobble
Drainage blanket, thickness 20cm, then loads cutting medium, with a thickness of 10cm, and is that 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate exists with mass concentration
It carries out disinfection within 2~3 days before cuttage；
(3) daily management:
1. being managed after cuttage: encircleing plastic film cover moisturizing immediately to the cuttings after cuttage, keep cutting medium water content 70%, phase
90% or more is maintained to humidity, during which moisture preserving cover should not be opened often；After cuttage, 1 spray was sprayed every 7 days, if inserted
Fringe has withered, mildew or fallen leaves to be purged in time；The spray is in parts by weight by 3 parts of foliar fertilizers, 5 parts of sterilizations
Agent and 1000 parts of water, which are uniformly mixed, to be obtained, and the foliar fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the fungicide is zineb；
2. being managed after taking root:
A, promote bud: after cuttage rooting, being carried out promoting bud processing with cuttings of the triacontanol medical fluid of 1mg/kg to non-rudiment；
B, it hardening: 15 days after cuttage rooting, gradually decreases water spray frequency and carries out hardening；
C, it is managed after hardening: mainly carrying out the prevention and treatment of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, can be out of the garden when wooden seedling grows tall 15cm.
Overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling using the breeding of the present embodiment method is observed, is taken root on a small quantity out after cuttage 25 days
Existing, rooting rate reaches 93.6% after cuttage 90 days.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea, including elite stand cultivation, cuttings cuttage and daily management process, by growing directly from seeds
Female Miao Zuowei that seedling cultivation comes out adopts fringe mother's seedling and cultivates with being transplanted to garden, promotees to sprout, and acquisition tloig-cutlage is in equipped with cuttage
In the cutting bed of matrix, the water content of illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix is controlled, overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling is obtained,
Its operating procedure is as follows:
(1) scion-seed tree is cultivated:
1. collecting seed: harvesting in the fruit maturation of overlength handle tea, and ventilation is dried in the shade in holding chamber, taken out to cracking of fruit in time
Seed；
2. tray seedling growth: after selecting the seed of mature and plump, free from insect pests to impregnate 20min with clear water, being put into mass concentration is 3%
Surface sterilization 10min is carried out in liquor potassic permanganate, is then rinsed well with clear water, is subsequently placed into germination liquid and impregnates 8h, it will
Soaked seed is put on the wet filter paper in the culture dish sterilized, is placed in the constant incubator of 25 DEG C, relative humidity 70%
Middle vernalization handles 9h；Seedling medium is put into pallet, then by the 2/3 of vernalization treated seed embedment seedling medium depth
Place, then covers one layer of earthing again, is poured using the wood vinegar solution that volumetric concentration is 2%, so that earthing and seedling medium all fill
Full water point, control nursery temperature are 20 DEG C；
The seedling medium is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of mushroom slags, 5 parts of Radix Notoginseng powders, 10 parts of yellow soils, so
Afterwards plus water adjusts water content 60%, builds heap fermentation, controls fermentation temperature at 40 DEG C, fermentation is dried after 5 days can be obtained nursery base
Matter；
3 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of sandy soil are mixed to get by the earthing in parts by weight；
The germination liquid be 0.03% by mass concentration gallic acid solution and mass concentration be 0.03% arbutin it is molten
What liquid was uniformly mixed to get in equal volume；
3. preparing to garden: selection topography is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the plot that irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil is more fertile, to garden carry out complete
It cultivates, the wide 40cm of pavement, the wide 1m of furrow is set, furrow are long to dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot according to landform, and hack is smooth, removes grass roots；By seeding row spacing
25cm × 30cm digs the field planting bank that length is 20cm；The cool canopy that obscurity is 55% is put up in case shade；
4. mother Miao Yizhi: carrying out preferably, selecting ground diameter 0.4cm or more, height to the overlength handle tea shoot obtained by tray seedling growth
The healthy and strong overlength handle tea shoot of 15cm or more is colonized in field planting bank as female seedling, fills up bank cave with backfill surface soil, and slightly above
Bank face, root water of drenching；Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in the backfill surface soil of every plant of female seedling and mixes
It mixes thoroughly；The organic fertilizer is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of chicken manures, 2 parts of urea, 50 stalks, 30 parts of manioc wastes by conventional
What compost maturity fermented；
5. truncation rush is sprouted: female Miao Yizhi same day or next day are cut with benefit and are sprouted to female Miao Jinhang truncation rush；The truncation rush sprouts method
It is to be truncated at the 15cm of ground in female seedling base portion, and be applied to conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous that mass concentration is 0.8%；
6. mother Miao Guanli: female Miao Yizhi is after 30 days, the conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous for being 0.8% every 15 days leaching Shi Yici mass concentrations,
Artificial weeding, and before weeding and water drenching is wanted after weeding, obtain scion-seed tree；Scion-seed tree after adopting fringe carries out weeding, loosens the soil
Decomposed organic fertilizer 150g, calcium magnesium phosphate 150g are applied with every plant, the routine for being 1.0% every the mass concentration of leaching in 15 days is multiple
Hefei aqueous；
(2) cuttings cuttage:
1. building cool canopy: making cutting bed in greenhouse or in the greenhouse put up, cutting bed puts up screening before cuttage and seedling culture
Luminosity is 50% cool canopy in case shade；
2. cuttings acquires: in annual March, the healthy and strong no disease and pests harm of clip 5cm long, annual complete wooden from scion-seed tree
Change cuttings of the branch as cuttage；
3. fringe bar is trimmed: cuttings being cut off to whole blades of 3~4cm of base portion or more, only retains 1~2 leaf on top, and handle
1~2 leaf retained is cut into half leaf, then cuttings lower end is cut to angle shape；
4. disinfection treatment: stand-by after cuttings is rinsed with taking-up after 0.5% carbendazim soaking disinfection 15min of volumetric concentration with clear water；
5. cuttage: the base portion of the cuttings by disinfection treatment being immersed in 2h in growth regulator, then pulls air-dried 2~3min out
Carry out cuttage immediately afterwards；The growth regulator is grouped as by the group of following mass concentration: 200 mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetates, 300
Mg/L indolebutyric acid；
6. the method for cuttage: cuttage is carried out by the seeding row spacing of 4cm × 6cm on cutting bed, first with slightly than diameter when cuttage
Thick small wooden inserts an aperture on cutting medium, and then cuttings is inserted into cutting medium, and cuttage depth is cutting length
1/2~1/3, the blade of cuttings is unable to juxtaposition, then by around cuttings cutting medium be compacted；1 is poured after cuttage immediately
Secondary permeable and flushing blade, makes cuttings combine closely with cutting medium；The cutting medium is added in yellow soil by every 90g
Citric acid that polyvinylpyrrolidone that 2ml mass-volume concentration is 250mg/L, 2ml mass-volume concentration are 100mg/L and
3ml mass-volume concentration is what the cysteine of 100mg/L was uniformly mixed to get；
The cutting bed is set as the high 30cm of edge of bed, wide l00cm, long 7m；Made in cutting bed with clean fresh river sand or cobble
Drainage blanket, thickness 20cm, then loads cutting medium, with a thickness of 8cm, and is 0.2% liquor potassic permanganate in skewer with mass concentration
It inserts first 2~3 days and carries out disinfection；
(3) daily management:
1. being managed after cuttage: encircleing plastic film cover moisturizing immediately to the cuttings after cuttage, keep cutting medium water content 60%, phase
90% or more is maintained to humidity, during which moisture preserving cover should not be opened often；After cuttage, 1 spray was sprayed every 8 days, if inserted
Fringe has withered, mildew or fallen leaves to be purged in time；The spray is in parts by weight by 2 parts of foliar fertilizers, 4 parts of sterilizations
Agent and 1000 parts of water, which are uniformly mixed, to be obtained, and the foliar fertilizer is Ye Mian Bao, the fungicide is first phase thiophanate；
2. being managed after taking root:
A, promote bud: after cuttage rooting, being carried out promoting bud processing with cuttings of the triacontanol medical fluid of 0.5mg/kg to non-rudiment；
B, it hardening: 15 days after cuttage rooting, gradually decreases water spray frequency and carries out hardening；
C, it is managed after hardening: mainly carrying out the prevention and treatment of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, can be out of the garden when wooden seedling grows tall 10cm.
Overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling using the breeding of the present embodiment method is observed, is taken root on a small quantity out after cuttage 28 days
Existing, rooting rate reaches 92.1% after cuttage 90 days.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea, including elite stand cultivation, cuttings cuttage and daily management process, by growing directly from seeds
Female Miao Zuowei that seedling cultivation comes out adopts fringe mother's seedling and cultivates with being transplanted to garden, promotees to sprout, and acquisition tloig-cutlage is in equipped with cuttage
In the cutting bed of matrix, the water content of illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix is controlled, overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling is obtained,
Its operating procedure is as follows:
(1) scion-seed tree is cultivated:
1. collecting seed: harvesting in the fruit maturation of overlength handle tea, and ventilation is dried in the shade in holding chamber, taken out to cracking of fruit in time
Seed；
2. tray seedling growth: after selecting the seed of mature and plump, free from insect pests to impregnate 20min with clear water, being put into mass concentration is 3%
Surface sterilization 10min is carried out in liquor potassic permanganate, is then rinsed well with clear water, is subsequently placed into germination liquid and impregnates 9h, it will
Soaked seed is put on the wet filter paper in the culture dish sterilized, is placed in the constant incubator of 25 DEG C, relative humidity 70%
Middle vernalization handles 8h；Seedling medium is put into pallet, then by the 2/3 of vernalization treated seed embedment seedling medium depth
Place, then covers one layer of earthing again, is poured using the wood vinegar solution that volumetric concentration is 2%, so that earthing and seedling medium all fill
Full water point, control nursery temperature are 20 DEG C；
The seedling medium is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of mushroom slags, 5 parts of Radix Notoginseng powders, 10 parts of yellow soils, so
Afterwards plus water adjusts water content 60%, builds heap fermentation, controls fermentation temperature at 40 DEG C, fermentation is dried after 6 days can be obtained nursery base
Matter；
3 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of sandy soil are mixed to get by the earthing in parts by weight；
The germination liquid be 0.03% by mass concentration gallic acid solution and mass concentration be 0.03% arbutin it is molten
What liquid was uniformly mixed to get in equal volume；
3. preparing to garden: selection topography is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the plot that irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil is more fertile, to garden carry out complete
It cultivates, the wide 40cm of pavement, the wide 1m of furrow is set, furrow are long to dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot according to landform, and hack is smooth, removes grass roots；By seeding row spacing
25cm × 30cm digs the field planting bank that length is 20cm；The cool canopy that obscurity is 50% is put up in case shade；
4. mother Miao Yizhi: carrying out preferably, selecting ground diameter 0.4cm or more, height to the overlength handle tea shoot obtained by tray seedling growth
The healthy and strong overlength handle tea shoot of 15cm or more is colonized in field planting bank as female seedling, fills up bank cave with backfill surface soil, and slightly above
Bank face, root water of drenching；Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in the backfill surface soil of every plant of female seedling and mixes
It mixes thoroughly；The organic fertilizer is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of chicken manures, 2 parts of urea, 50 stalks, 30 parts of manioc wastes by conventional
What compost maturity fermented；
5. truncation rush is sprouted: female Miao Yizhi same day or next day are cut with benefit and are sprouted to female Miao Jinhang truncation rush；The truncation rush sprouts method
It is to be truncated at the 10cm of ground in female seedling base portion, and be applied to conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous that mass concentration is 1.0%；
6. mother Miao Guanli: female Miao Yizhi is after 30 days, the conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous for being 1.0% every 15 days leaching Shi Yici mass concentrations,
Artificial weeding, and before weeding and water drenching is wanted after weeding, obtain scion-seed tree；Scion-seed tree after adopting fringe carries out weeding, loosens the soil
Decomposed organic fertilizer 150g, calcium magnesium phosphate 150g are applied with every plant, the routine for being 0.8% every the mass concentration of leaching in 15 days is multiple
Hefei aqueous；
(2) cuttings cuttage:
1. building cool canopy: making cutting bed in greenhouse or in the greenhouse put up, cutting bed puts up screening before cuttage and seedling culture
Luminosity is 55% cool canopy in case shade；
2. cuttings acquires: in annual April, the healthy and strong no disease and pests harm of clip 7cm long, annual semi-lignified from scion-seed tree
Cuttings of the branch as cuttage；
3. fringe bar is trimmed: cuttings being cut off to whole blades of 3~4cm of base portion or more, only retains 1~2 leaf on top, and handle
1~2 leaf retained is cut into half leaf, then cuttings lower end is cut to angle shape；
4. disinfection treatment: stand-by after cuttings is rinsed with taking-up after 0.5% carbendazim soaking disinfection 15min of volumetric concentration with clear water；
5. cuttage: it will be immersed in 2.5h in growth regulator by the base portion of cuttings of disinfection treatment, then pull air-dried 2 out~
Cuttage is carried out after 3min immediately；The growth regulator is grouped as by the group of following mass concentration: 100 mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetates,
500 mg/L indolebutyric acids；
6. the method for cuttage: cuttage is carried out by the seeding row spacing of 4cm × 6cm on cutting bed, first with slightly than diameter when cuttage
Thick small wooden inserts an aperture on cutting medium, and then cuttings is inserted into cutting medium, and cuttage depth is cutting length
1/2~1/3, the blade of cuttings is unable to juxtaposition, then by around cuttings cutting medium be compacted；1 is poured after cuttage immediately
Secondary permeable and flushing blade, makes cuttings combine closely with cutting medium；The cutting medium is added in yellow soil by every 80g
Citric acid that polyvinylpyrrolidone that 1ml mass-volume concentration is 250mg/L, 1ml mass-volume concentration are 100mg/L and
1ml mass-volume concentration is what the cysteine of 100mg/L was uniformly mixed to get；
The cutting bed is set as the high 30cm of edge of bed, wide l00cm, long 6m；Made in cutting bed with clean fresh river sand or cobble
Drainage blanket, thickness 20cm, then loads cutting medium, with a thickness of 12cm, and is that 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate exists with mass concentration
It carries out disinfection within 2~3 days before cuttage；
(3) daily management:
1. being managed after cuttage: encircleing plastic film cover moisturizing immediately to the cuttings after cuttage, keep cutting medium water content 65%, phase
90% or more is maintained to humidity, during which moisture preserving cover should not be opened often；After cuttage, 1 spray was sprayed every 10 days, if
Cuttings has withered, mildew or fallen leaves to be purged in time；The spray is in parts by weight to kill 4 parts of foliar fertilizers, 2 parts
Microbial inoculum and 1000 parts of water, which are uniformly mixed, to be obtained, and the foliar fertilizer is big fertile king, the fungicide is carbendazim；
2. being managed after taking root:
A, promote bud: after cuttage rooting, being carried out promoting bud processing with cuttings of the triacontanol medical fluid of 0.8mg/kg to non-rudiment；
B, it hardening: 15 days after cuttage rooting, gradually decreases water spray frequency and carries out hardening；
C, it is managed after hardening: mainly carrying out the prevention and treatment of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, can be out of the garden when wooden seedling grows tall 12cm.
Overlength handle tea cuttage wooden seedling using the breeding of the present embodiment method is observed, is taken root on a small quantity out after cuttage 23 days
Existing, rooting rate reaches 92.8% after cuttage 90 days.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea, it is characterised in that: including elite stand cultivation, cuttings cuttage and daily management work
The female Miao Zuowei cultivated by nursery technique is adopted fringe mother's seedling and cultivates with being transplanted to garden, promotees to sprout by sequence, acquires fringe bar skewer
It inserts in the cutting bed equipped with cutting medium, controls the water content of illumination in cutting bed, relative humidity and matrix, obtain overlength handle
Tea cuttage wooden seedling, operating procedure are as follows:
(1) scion-seed tree is cultivated:
1. collecting seed: harvesting in the fruit maturation of overlength handle tea, and ventilation is dried in the shade in holding chamber, taken out to cracking of fruit in time
Seed；
2. tray seedling growth: after selecting the seed of mature and plump, free from insect pests to impregnate 20min with clear water, being put into mass concentration is 3%
In liquor potassic permanganate carry out surface sterilization 10min, then rinsed well with clear water, be subsequently placed into germination liquid impregnate 8~
Soaked seed is put on the wet filter paper in the culture dish sterilized, is placed in the constant temperature of 25 DEG C, relative humidity 70% by 10h
Vernalization handles 8~10h in incubator；Seedling medium is put into pallet, vernalization treated seed is then embedded to seedling medium
At the 2/3 of depth, one layer of earthing is then covered again, is poured using the wood vinegar solution that volumetric concentration is 2%, so that earthing and educating
Seedling matrix is filled with moisture, and control nursery temperature is 20 DEG C；
The germination liquid be 0.03% by mass concentration gallic acid solution and mass concentration be 0.03% arbutin it is molten
What liquid was uniformly mixed to get in equal volume；
3. preparing to garden: selection topography is flat, it is leeward on the sunny side, the plot that irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil is more fertile, to garden carry out complete
It cultivates, the wide 40cm of pavement, the wide 1m of furrow is set, furrow are long to dig trenches to drain the water away on the spot according to landform, and hack is smooth, removes grass roots；By seeding row spacing
25cm × 30cm digs the field planting bank that length is 20cm；The cool canopy that obscurity is 50~60% is put up in case shade；
4. mother Miao Yizhi: carrying out preferably, selecting ground diameter 0.4cm or more, height to the overlength handle tea shoot obtained by tray seedling growth
The healthy and strong overlength handle tea shoot of 15cm or more is colonized in field planting bank as female seedling, fills up bank cave with backfill surface soil, and slightly above
Bank face, root water of drenching；Decomposed organic fertilizer 250g and calcium magnesium phosphate 250g is added in the backfill surface soil of every plant of female seedling and mixes
It mixes thoroughly；
5. truncation rush is sprouted: female Miao Yizhi same day or next day are cut with benefit and are sprouted to female Miao Jinhang truncation rush；
6. mother Miao Guanli: female Miao Yizhi is after 30 days, the conventional compound fertilizer for being 0.5~1.0% every 15 days leaching Shi Yici mass concentrations
Aqueous, artificial weeding, and before weeding and water drenching is wanted after weeding, obtain scion-seed tree；Scion-seed tree after adopting fringe carry out weeding,
It loosens the soil and every plant applies decomposed organic fertilizer 150g, calcium magnesium phosphate 150g, it is 0.5~1.0% that a mass concentration was drenched every 15 days
Conventional compound fertilizer's aqueous；
(2) cuttings cuttage:
1. building cool canopy: making cutting bed in greenhouse or in the greenhouse put up, cutting bed puts up screening before cuttage and seedling culture
Luminosity is 50~60% cool canopies in case shade；
2. cuttings acquires: in annual March~May, the healthy and strong no disease and pests harm of 5~8cm long of clip, annual from scion-seed tree
The cuttings of semi-lignified or complete lignifying branch as cuttage；
3. fringe bar is trimmed: cuttings being cut off to whole blades of 3~4cm of base portion or more, only retains 1~2 leaf on top, and handle
1~2 leaf retained is cut into half leaf, then cuttings lower end is cut to angle shape；
4. disinfection treatment: stand-by after cuttings is rinsed with taking-up after 0.5% carbendazim soaking disinfection 15min of volumetric concentration with clear water；
5. cuttage: it will be immersed in 2~3h in growth regulator by the base portion of cuttings of disinfection treatment, then pull air-dried 2 out~
Cuttage is carried out after 3min immediately；The growth regulator is grouped as by the group of following mass concentration: the mg/ of 100 mg/L~200
L methyl α-naphthyl acetate, the mg/L indolebutyric acid of 300 mg/L~500；
6. the method for cuttage: cuttage is carried out by the seeding row spacing of 4cm × 6cm on cutting bed, first with slightly than diameter when cuttage
Thick small wooden inserts an aperture on cutting medium, and then cuttings is inserted into cutting medium, and cuttage depth is cutting length
1/2~1/3, the blade of cuttings is unable to juxtaposition, then by around cuttings cutting medium be compacted；1 is poured after cuttage immediately
Secondary permeable and flushing blade, makes cuttings combine closely with cutting medium；The cutting medium is the yellow soil by every 80~100g
It is middle be added 1~3ml mass-volume concentration be 250mg/L polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1~3ml mass-volume concentration be 100mg/L
Citric acid and 1~3ml mass-volume concentration be 100mg/L cysteine be uniformly mixed to get；
(3) daily management:
1. being managed after cuttage: plastic film cover moisturizing encircleed immediately to the cuttings after cuttage, keep cutting medium water content 60%~
70%, relative humidity is maintained at 90% or more, and during which moisture preserving cover should not be opened often；After cuttage, 1 spray was sprayed every 7~10 days
Agent is applied, if cuttings has withered, mildew or fallen leaves to be purged in time；The spray is in parts by weight by 2~4 parts
Foliar fertilizer, 2~5 parts of fungicide and 1000 parts of water, which are uniformly mixed, to be obtained, the foliar fertilizer be potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Ye Mian Bao and
Any one in big fertilizer king, the fungicide is any one in carbendazim, zineb and first phase thiophanate；
2. being managed after taking root:
A, promote bud: after cuttage rooting, being carried out promoting bud processing with cuttings of the triacontanol medical fluid of 0.5~1mg/kg to non-rudiment；
B, it hardening: 15 days after cuttage rooting, gradually decreases water spray frequency and carries out hardening；
C, it is managed after hardening: mainly carrying out the prevention and treatment of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, can be out of the garden when wooden seedling grows tall 10~15cm.
2. the cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as described in step (1) section
Top promotees to sprout method to be to be truncated at 10~15cm of ground in female seedling base portion, and be applied to the routine that mass concentration is 0.5~1.0%
Compound fertilizer's aqueous.
3. the cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as described in step (1) to educate
Seedling matrix is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of mushroom slags, 5 parts of Radix Notoginseng powders, 10 parts of yellow soils, and then plus water adjusting contains
Water builds heap fermentation 60%, controls fermentation temperature at 40 DEG C, and fermentation is dried after 5~7 days can be obtained seedling medium.
4. the cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as described in step (1) to cover
3 parts of plant ash, 3 parts of coco brans, 10 parts of sandy soil are mixed to get by soil in parts by weight.
5. the cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as described in step (1) to have
Machine fertilizer is in parts by weight to mix 10 parts of chicken manures, 2 parts of urea, 50 stalks, 30 parts of manioc wastes by the decomposed fermentation of conventional compostation
It obtains.
6. the cuttage breeding method of overlength handle tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: cuttage described in step (2)
Bed is set as the high 30cm of edge of bed, wide l00cm, long 6m~8m；Make drainage blanket with clean fresh river sand or cobble in cutting bed, it is thick
20cm is spent, cutting medium is then loaded, with a thickness of 8~12cm, and is that 0.2%~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate exists with mass concentration
It carries out disinfection within 2~3 days before cuttage.
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