CN105993767A - Planting method for longan - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for longan. The planting method comprises the following steps: selection of a mountainous region for plantation, clearing of the mountainous region, digging of a slope shoulder, opening of a drainage ditch, seedling selection, preparation of a water infiltration drum, pitting and field planting, checking and complementary planting of seedlings, fertilization management, shaping and pruning, protection of flower clusters, thinning of flowers and fruits, introduction of honeybee colonies, flower collection and pollination, and control of diseases, pests and birds. The planting method provided by the invention has the characteristics of high fruit yield, large fruit sizes, full pulp, small kernel, high sugar content, applicability to application in high-slope regions, etc.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of Arillus Longan

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting fruit trees field, be specifically related to the implantation methods of a kind of Arillus Longan.

Background technology

Arillus Longan, also known as Arillus Longan, Fructus Litchi slave, sub-Fructus Litchi, swallow ovum, for Chinese fruit；Longest-lived was up to more than 400 years.With litchi Branch, Fructus Musae, Fructus Ananadis comosi are all the big precious fruit in south China four.

Arillus Longan is nutritious, is precious nourishing hardening agent.Fruit, in addition to eating raw, may also be fabricated which canned food, wine, cream, beans etc., Also Arillus Longan biltong etc. can be processed into.In addition the leaf of Arillus Longan, flower, root, core all can be used as medicine.Longan is wooden hard, and texture is careful excellent U.S., is the raw material making noble furniture, can be engraved as again various exquisite artware.Flos Longan is that a kind of important nectar source is planted Thing, honey of lungan flowers is the first-class honey in Mel.

Borrow, in the good market value of Arillus Longan, a lot of units or individual, Arillus Longan is carried out large-area plantation, investigated Different Arillus Longan implantation methods.

Many is had, such as through retrieving the open source literature about Longan Cultivation method:

1, late-maturing Arillus Longan height aristogenesis product Fu'an City Xia Baishi town, cultivation technique [author] Lin Hua [mechanism] Fujian Province [is inscribeed one's name] agrotechnical [periodical name] Fujian agriculture of standing science and technology. 2010.05[digest] Fu'an City is the north area of China Arillus Longan plantation, Xia Baishi town It is positioned at Fu'an City Southern Coast, has the climatic superiority planting late-maturing Arillus Longan.2009 Nian Quan town tree-longan cultivated areas are near 666. 67hm².Late variety 133.33 hm such as existing plantation basis in the Beginning of Winter, Dongbao 9.It is fresh that plantation late variety extends Arillus Longan Really the supply phase can give full play to late-maturing advantage.The precocious Arillus Longan of full town large area transformation, preliminarily forms late-maturing YEAST IN LONGAN PRODUCTION in recent years Base.

2, state-run Lu Jiang farm, Arillus Longan high-yield culture technique [author] Jia Xingnan [mechanism] Yunnan Province, Lu Jiang farm [is inscribeed one's name] Production department's [periodical name] Crop Diseases in Yunnan science and technology. 2011.05[digest] Arillus Longan is the second largest crop of Lu Jiang farm cultivated area, accounts for The 36.75% of the whole audience gross area.The longan cultivars of the Lushui River river farm fields has Chu Liang, stone gorge, Gui Xiang etc..Above-mentioned kind is good Stable high yield under management condition, fruit size is uniform, and smooth in appearance is in good taste, sweet hides good, is deeply favored by numerous travelling traders, has Bigger development space and the stronger market advantage.Within 2006 to 2009, the continuous 4 annual per hectares in Lu Jiang farm receive fresh fruit 15-22.5t, the per hectare output value reaches 7.5-11.25 ten thousand yuan, achieves preferable economic benefit.

3, stone gorge Arillus Longan early fruiting and high yield cultivation technique [author] Huang Yunjiang [is inscribeed one's name]；Chen Hongman；Wu Yuchun [mechanism] Guangdong Fruit Technique Popularizing center, Fengshun County of province [periodical name] Fujian fruit tree. 2008.01(144) [digest] Guangdong Province be China Arillus Longan fit Plant the province that region is maximum, Shi Xiashi Guangdong Province cultivated area Arillus Longan maximum, best in quality, that cultivation history is long main cultivation product Kind.Stone gorge Arillus Longan 7hm (2800 strain) is planted in the Arillus Longan Base in 2004 spring sowing of Deng room, Fengshun County, within 2006, is on the upgrade everywhere, selects and remain then The rime fruit that 70% growing way is relatively strengthened, 7kg, the highest strain product 15kg, based on per kilogram average sales price 9 yuan, the gross output value are produced in average strain 12.35 ten thousand yuan；15 kg are produced in 2007 annual strains, and 45 kg, the gross output value 37.80 ten thousand yuan are produced in the highest strain, achieve preferable economy Benefit and successful experience.

Many is had, such as through retrieving the open Chinese patent literature about Longan Cultivation method:

1, Chinese patent<application number>201510153565.8<denomination of invention>a kind of Longan Cultivation method<applicant>Guangxi is big Learn<address>No. 100 Daxue East Road, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region<claim>1. Longan Cultivation method, including garden Ground selection, seedling select, open hole field planting, fertilizing management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, gather in time, it is characterised in that: described field selects , air circulation deep for sunny, loosing soil, soil layer, drainage are good, red soil that water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, yellow soil, Sandy loam, mountain region gradient 5-25 degree.A kind of Longan Cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described children Seedling is chosen as that plant strain growth is healthy and strong, leaf color is dark green, fibrous root is flourishing, without pest and disease damage, more than grafting grafting mouth have more than 2 times aging Branch top.A kind of Longan Cultivation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that open described in: hole field planting be spacing in the rows 3-5m, Line-spacing 4-6m, do not have mu to plant 20-26 strain, dig the deep 0.6-lm in cave, cave, diameter 0.6-lm, first pour water in cheating when field planting, wait water After infiltering, complete for root or that band is native young plant is put into, 3-6 centimetre above ground level of collar portion, banket by different level, and with hands from outward Enclose and the most inwardly compress, make soil and root close contact, after field planting, make a little water pond in Seedling surrounding, in order to pouring water, cut off part little Branch and blade, fully to pour water after cultivation, after water all pours into, then spread last layer fine earth.The most according to claim 1 one Plant Longan Cultivation method, it is characterised in that: described fertilizing management is for monthly can topdress 1-2 time, and carbamide 0.3kg is executed in the most every strain, Calcium U.S. phosphate fertilizer 0.3kg, potassium sulfate 0.3 kilogram, and to foliage-spray dikalium phosphate, plant height 80-l00cm, every strain stays 4～6 The bud of individual different directions, branch, to surrounding elongation growth, form major branch of bearing fruit.A kind of Arillus Longan the most according to claim 1 Cultural method, it is characterised in that: the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is sprinkling 800-1000 times of liquid of metrifonate between March, or sprays in the 4-5 month Spill 800-1000 times of liquid of metrifonate spray medicine, early June to July 800-1000 times of liquid of Rogor add the mixed liquor of metrifonate, falling Spend the later stage to young fruit period, spray 90% trichlorphon 800 and fall again or 1000 times of liquid of 80% ddvp emulsion 1-2 time.6. according to right A kind of Longan Cultivation method described in 1 of requirement, it is characterised in that: described gather in time when gathering in time as fruit maturation, retain The sprig of result, by dehiscent fruit, the best bad fruit separately, and the most fresh-keeping.<summary>the invention discloses a kind of Longan Cultivation Method, belongs to plant planting field, selects including field, seedling selects, open hole field planting, fertilizing management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, in time Gather, can guarantee that the survival rate of little seedling, and promote that it is grown up strong and sturdy, its disease can be prevented, promote flower and promote fruit, improve Arillus Longan and produce Amount.

2, Chinese patent<application number>201210261850.8<denomination of invention>cultural method<applicant>of a kind of Arillus Longan Irrigate farmland main road, frontier passes and mountains, Eco Science Technology company limited<address>Donghu Development District ,Wuhan City ,Hubei Province optical valley software industry 4 phase B in Wuhan The cultural method of district 17 floor<claim>1. Arillus Longan, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps, step A, setting field planting hole Position: be 1.5～2.5 meters according to spacing in the rows between each strain in often row, the line-spacing between each row is 2～5 meters and carries out field planting hole Position sets；Step B, dig field planting hole: dig out away from the interior mellow soil in 30 centimetres of ground be placed on field planting hole side, dig out away from ground The raw-soil that face is less than 30 centimetres is placed on field planting hole opposite side；Step C, backfill soil: first on the mellow soil dug out, execute 10 by every strain ～15kg fertilizer, l～2kg calcium superphosphate and 10g Borax, then be backfilled to together with clay fertilizer with ground level after, by dig out The raw-soil backfills on mellow soil；Step D, field planting: dig the planting pit of a diameter of 30 centimetres in the soil center, face, field planting hole of backfill, In the planting pit dug, pouring water into, when having oozed under water is not the most comprehensive, Seedling being put into planting pit blinding to can not see dry tide Soil；Step E, covering with plastic film: after field planting, the mulch film for improving the gentle holding in ground soil moisture of 1 square metre is laid in every strain；Step Rapid F, field management: utilize and control branch diameter increment to foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate and promote bud differentiation；Step G, fixed Dry plastic trimming: prune every plant height degree 80～100 centimetres, every strain stays the bud of 4～6 different directions, branch raw to surrounding elongation Long, form major branch of bearing fruit；Step H, intermediate cutting adjust plant/line spacing: within after field planting the 5th year, set spacing in the rows as 3～5 meters；Within 7th year, set row Away from for 4～6 meters.The cultural method of a kind of Arillus Longan the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that strain in described step D Root system does not contacts with fertilizer, and is stained with root field planting with the mud having blent root-inducing powder.A kind of dragon the most according to claim 1 The cultural method of eye, it is characterised in that described field planting hole specification is deep 1 meter of hole, cheats wide 1 meter, long 1 meter of hole.4. according to right The cultural method of the requirement a kind of Arillus Longan described in 1, it is characterised in that stagger and set in the field planting hole of the described adjacent lines in step A Fixed.<summary>the present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of Arillus Longan, A, sets position, field planting hole spacing in the rows as 1.5～2.5 meters, and line-spacing is 2～3 meters；B, dig field planting hole；C, on the mellow soil dug out, by every strain apply fertilizer, then backfill together with clay fertilizer by the raw-soil backfill On mellow soil；D, dig planting pit in soil center, face, field planting hole, in planting pit, pour water into, water the most comprehensively under oozed Time, Seedling is put into planting pit；Laying plastic after E, field planting；F, utilization are to foliage-spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate；G, prune every plant height degree 80～100 centimetres, 4～6 direction major branches are stayed in every strain；Within after H, field planting the 5th year, set spacing in the rows as 3～5 meters；Within 7th year, set line-spacing It it is 4～6 meters.

3, Chinese patent<application number>201410076290.8<denomination of invention>cultural method<Shen of a kind of four seasons honey Arillus Longan Ask someone cloud fruit and vegerable Specialty Co-operative Organization of Putian City Chengxiang District Xinhua；Putian City Chengxiang District cloud woods famous-brand and high-quality fruit tree development corporation, Ltd. < Location>Wu Yun village, Huating town, Putian City Chengxiang District, Fujian Province tail hole woods No. 6<claim>1. four seasons honey Arillus Longan cultivation side Method, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps: to execute by the end of January organic commercial fertilizer, all branches of late March heavy pruning, smear the tip by the end of April, 6 The beginning of the month sprays paclobutrazol, by the end of July flower thinning according to branch development mature condition.2. a kind of four seasons honey Arillus Longan as claimed in claim 1 Cultural method, it is characterised in that execute the amount of organic commercial fertilizer described in: and produce in terms of l0kg by strain, then l0kg is executed in strain.3. want such as right Seek the cultural method of a kind of four seasons honey Arillus Longan described in 1, it is characterised in that: described late March carries out heavy pruning to all branches, often Branch only retains two blades.The cultural method of a kind of four seasons honey Arillus Longan the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described 4 Smearing the tip the end of month, each branch retains 1～2 young sprout, and remaining is all erased.5. a kind of four seasons honey as claimed in claim 1 The cultural method of Arillus Longan, it is characterised in that: described according to branch development mature condition spray paclobutrazol, specifically refer to, if branch at the beginning of 6 months Bar undeveloped mature, in time spray 15% paclobutrazol, every 10g is watered 15kg.6. a kind of four seasons honey Arillus Longan as claimed in claim 1 Cultural method, it is characterised in that: described by the end of July dredge remove unnecessary spica, nutrition branch: fruitful branch=l:2.<summary>one four Season honey Arillus Longan cultural method, comprise the steps: to execute by the end of January organic commercial fertilizer, all branches of late March heavy pruning, smear by the end of April The tip, sprayed paclobutrazol, by the end of July flower thinning according to branch development mature condition at the beginning of 6 months.

In existing Arillus Longan planting technology, the landforms that Arillus Longan is planted are mostly with level land for plantation；It is difficult to be applicable to The place that the mountain region gradient is bigger, implantation methods is the most different, and plantation resulting yield is the most different.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to the defect for prior art, it is provided that a kind of environment that is suitable for is planted, and annual production is high, insect pest By force, can gather by high yield for many years, adapt to the implantation methods of the changeable Arillus Longan of amblent air temperature.

For the reality purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme used is:

The implantation methods of a kind of Arillus Longan of the present invention, described implantation methods comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting plantation mountain region, the mountain region gradient is 10-75 °；

(2) cleaning mountain region, removes original trees, shrub on mountain region, and even root is removed；Cleaning weeds；

(3) digging slope shoulder, if digging dried layer slope shoulder, slope shoulder is the annular growth belt around mountain region, mountain region be up layering, layer And between layer, height is, 2.0-2.5m；Slope shoulder breadth degree is 2.5-3.0m；

(4) begin to rehearse ditch, and ditch width is 1.0-1.5m, is 0.4-0.6m deeply；

(5) seedling selects, and chooses that plant strain growth is healthy and strong, leaf color is dark green, fibrous root is flourishing, without pest and disease damage, more than grafting grafting mouth There are more than 3 aging branch top；

(6) system infiltration cylinder, uses thick bamboo tube to make, and joint is stayed in bottom, runs into joint if middle, is got through, open some on thick bamboo tube wall Row aperture, a length of 1.3m of thick bamboo tube, a diameter of 8-10cm, distance plant is that 0.3-0.5m setting is fixed in hole；

(7) open hole field planting with powder ridge machine tool, open hole along slope shoulder centrage, cheat deep 1.0-1.2m, a width of 1.0-1.2m, a length of 1.0-1.2m, hole spacing is 5.2-6.0m；During field planting, plant is positioned at the field planting of center, hole, first puts into ground floor base manure, after bury pine Soil, burying thickness is 0.3-0.5m；Place into second layer base manure, after bury and loosen the soil, burying thickness is 0.2-0.3m；Next is put into Third layer base manure, one layer of place mat loosens the soil, and puts into plant and is fixed, and fills water, the finally mud to plant surrounding in infiltration cylinder Soil is compacted, and is compacted by diagonal, prevents compactedness uneven, or lodging；

Described powder ridge machine tool uses the patent of applicant Wei Benhui, application number: 201010270614.3, denomination of invention: turnery Formula deep ploughing powder ridge multi-functional mechanical, address: university of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning City East Road 174 Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, send out A person of good sense: Wei Benhui, Li Shenwen, Gan Xiuqin, Wei Yuanbo, Li Liping, summary: a kind of rotary-grinding type multifunctional machine for deep tillage of powder ridge, with Tractor, for relying on, installs hydraulic mechanism and linkage turnery drill bit device or cultivating member, turnery drill bit on tractor after-frame Device is provided with on one or more drill bit shaft, drill bit shaft on configuration spiral page, spiral page and configures angle tooth, linkage turnery drill bit dress Installing the device preventing straw to be wound around, hydraulic mechanism drives turnery drill bit to move up and down, and change speed gear box passes through connecting rod and gear band Dynamic turnery drill bit, this machinery is implemented vertically pulverize soil cutting turnery make soil self-suspending become ridge, powder after drill bit buries The hack Soil profile on ridge is T-shape, and the real soil in ground is following in " U " type groove, and making soil cultivation holostrome is rarefaction, and plays Soil moved in improve the original is improved the soil effect, adds active soil stratum, and the water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability and the permeability, beneficially crop root that improve soil be deep Pricking the utilization to liquid manure, disease is relative with weeds to be reduced, and makes crop be readily available stable high yield；

(8) look into scarce filling the gaps with seedlings, after transplanting one week, observe the plant condition of production, need to fill the gaps with seedlings, mend in time；

(9) fertilizing management, after transplanting two weeks, proceeds by and topdresses, the endless form taking farm manure aquation fertile of topdressing, the Once Xian Shi farmers' rich water, farmers' rich water 4-5kg is granted in every strain；Every two weeks, carbamide 0.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.4kg, sulfur are executed in every strain 0.3 kilogram of potassium of acid, sprays the paclobutrazol of every barrel of concentration 0.2%, and adds 2-3Kg carbamide；November-January adds the chlorine of 0.6% The carbamide solution changing potassium 0.2% sprays；

(10) pruning, after Longan Seedlings field planting survives, plant height 60-80cm, every strain stays the bud of 4～6 different directions, When the gradient is 45 °-75 °, side, backer slope tooth is wiped out；After its pumping becomes branch top, cut off very thin weak or infect pest and disease damage Branch, after the young sprout that stays is aging, stays 30-35 centimeter length to carry out cutting back pruning, cuts off the end of the branch major branch as tree crown, and major branch is sprouted When sending out, select and remain 3-5 bud according to tree-like situation, remaining bud is erased；

(11) blooming previous week, spray foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is the potassium chlorate solution of 1/1000-5/1000；

(12) spica protection；

(13) flower and fruit thinning；

(14) hive, pollination of picking flowers are introduced；

(15) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, birds；

Described spica protection step is:

(1) fertilizing management, spica is not extracted out, suspends fertilising, after spica is extracted out, every strain nitrogen fertilizer application 0.6Kg, potash fertilizer 0.6Kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.8Kg；

(2) tip is rushed in elimination, and when spring bud extracts 4-5 centimetre out, spray concentration is the paclobutrazol control shoot control fringe of 0.2%；The a diameter of 5-6 of spica Centimetre time, spray the big-Quan Shuguo of 1000 times of clouds, every 50Kg water adds basic element of cell division 1g gram, can promote Inflorescence development, prevents punching The tip.

Described flower and fruit thinning is:

(1) spica is pruned off, the complete the longest spica of the branch tip, prune the 25%-35% of total spica off, wipe out weak branch top；

(2) fruit thinning, when fruit diameter is 2-3 millimeter, wipes out overstocked little fruit ear, weak fruit, thin fruit, sick fruit and malformed fruit；And spray 900 times of big-Quan Shuguo of cloud, spray once every a week, altogether spray three times.

The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, birds are:

(1) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, sprays insecticide, and sprays 800-1000 times, Malathion liquid in March, sprays enemy hundred in 4-5 month 800-1000 times of liquid of worm spray medicine, at 800-1000 times of liquid of orthene in June-July, in the fallen flowers later stage to young fruit period, sprays 1000 times of liquid of orthene totally 3 times, sprayed once every a week；

(2) preventing and treating birds, light-illuminating, plays music or tree crown hangs naphthalene ball.

Substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement that the present invention highlights be:

1, the present invention can solve the problem that and is not suitable for, because the gradient is big, the area raised fruit trees, it is possible to drive economic development；The dragon of plantation Eye fruiting rate is high, and yield is big, and sarcocarp is solid, and thickness is big, and kernel is little.

2, pad of the present invention puts base manure, can accelerate plant Rapid Rooting, shortens the time to plant field planting, improves survival rate.

3, the present invention is at plant other embedment infiltration cylinder, it is possible to improves adequate water to plant, keeps soil to moisten for a long time, Guarantee plant will not hydropenia, be greatly improved survival rate.

4, the present invention can flower and fruit thinning, remove underproof flower, can to growing way good flower improve more nutrient, extract Not conforming to ciruela, provide greater room to remaining fruit, sunlight is more sufficient, it is possible to obtain maximum nutrient, it is ensured that fruit big and Sweet.

5, the present invention uses light-illuminating to birds, plays music or tree crown hangs naphthalene ball, it is possible to greatly suppress birds Destruction to longan fruit, fruit is stolen food or claps by bigger reduction birds, it is possible to ensures high yield, brings maximized economy Income.

6, the present invention takes powder ridge machine tool, can soil cultivation be rarefaction, plough sole be dug, adds active soil stratum, Improve the growth of the permeability of soil, beneficially crop root, lower bundle；In zanjon rotary tillage, play soil moved in improve the original improve the soil effect, sick Evil is relative with weeds to be reduced, and can increase soil water-retaining and moisture preserving time, improve Arillus Longan survival rate, and crop yield significantly carries Height, typically can increase production more than 20%, high up to more than 100%.

7, the present invention uses potassium chlorate solution as foliage fertilizer when the florescence, carries out spraying solution, energy to every strain longan Enough it is effectively improved flowering rate, can guarantee that again spica is healthy and strong, be difficult to wither or be blown off, substantially increase the result of longan Amount, brings great income.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment description, the present invention is described in more detail.

Embodiment one:

A kind of implantation methods of Arillus Longan, described implantation methods comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting plantation mountain region, the mountain region gradient is 10-75 °；

(2) cleaning mountain region, removes original trees, shrub on mountain region, and even root is removed；Cleaning weeds；

(3) digging slope shoulder, if digging dried layer slope shoulder, slope shoulder is the annular growth belt around mountain region, mountain region be up layering, layer And between layer, height is, 2.0-2.5m；Slope shoulder breadth degree is 2.5-3.0m；

(4) begin to rehearse ditch, and ditch width is 1.0-1.5m, is 0.4-0.6m deeply；

(5) seedling selects, and chooses that plant strain growth is healthy and strong, leaf color is dark green, fibrous root is flourishing, without pest and disease damage, more than grafting grafting mouth There are more than 3 aging branch top；

(6) system infiltration cylinder, uses thick bamboo tube to make, and joint is stayed in bottom, runs into joint if middle, is got through, open some on thick bamboo tube wall Row aperture, a length of 1.3m of thick bamboo tube, a diameter of 8-10cm, distance plant is that 0.3-0.5m setting is fixed in hole；

(7) open hole field planting with powder ridge machine tool, open hole along slope shoulder centrage, cheat deep 1.0-1.2m, a width of 1.0-1.2m, a length of 1.0-1.2m, hole spacing is 5.2-6.0m；During field planting, plant is positioned at the field planting of center, hole, first puts into ground floor base manure, after bury pine Soil, burying thickness is 0.3-0.5m；Place into second layer base manure, after bury and loosen the soil, burying thickness is 0.2-0.3m；Next is put into Third layer base manure, one layer of place mat loosens the soil, and puts into plant and is fixed, and fills water, the finally mud to plant surrounding in infiltration cylinder Soil is compacted, and is compacted by diagonal, prevents compactedness uneven, or lodging；

(8) look into scarce filling the gaps with seedlings, after transplanting one week, observe the plant condition of production, need to fill the gaps with seedlings, mend in time；

(9) fertilizing management, after transplanting two weeks, proceeds by and topdresses, the endless form taking farm manure aquation fertile of topdressing, the Once Xian Shi farmers' rich water, farmers' rich water 4-5kg is granted in every strain；Every two weeks, carbamide 0.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.4kg, sulfur are executed in every strain 0.3 kilogram of potassium of acid, sprays the paclobutrazol of every barrel of concentration 0.2%, and adds 2-3Kg carbamide；November-January adds the chlorine of 0.6% The carbamide solution changing potassium 0.2% sprays；

(10) pruning, after Longan Seedlings field planting survives, plant height 60-80cm, every strain stays the bud of 4～6 different directions, When the gradient is 45 °-75 °, side, backer slope tooth is wiped out；After its pumping becomes branch top, cut off very thin weak or infect pest and disease damage Branch, after the young sprout that stays is aging, stays 30-35 centimeter length to carry out cutting back pruning, cuts off the end of the branch major branch as tree crown, and major branch is sprouted When sending out, select and remain 3-5 bud according to tree-like situation, remaining bud is erased；

(11) blooming previous week, spray foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is the potassium chlorate solution of 1/1000-5/1000；

(12) spica protection；

(13) flower and fruit thinning；

(14) hive, pollination of picking flowers are introduced；

(15) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, birds.

Described spica protection step is:

(1) fertilizing management, spica is not extracted out, suspends fertilising, after spica is extracted out, every strain nitrogen fertilizer application 0.6Kg, potash fertilizer 0.6Kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.8Kg；

(2) tip is rushed in elimination, and when spring bud extracts 4-5 centimetre out, spray concentration is the paclobutrazol control shoot control fringe of 0.2%；The a diameter of 5-6 of spica Centimetre time, spray the big-Quan Shuguo of 1000 times of clouds, every 50Kg water adds basic element of cell division 1g gram, can promote Inflorescence development, prevents punching The tip.

Described flower and fruit thinning is:

(1) spica is pruned off, the complete the longest spica of the branch tip, prune the 25%-35% of total spica off, wipe out weak branch top；

(2) fruit thinning, when fruit diameter is 2-3 millimeter, wipes out overstocked little fruit ear, weak fruit, thin fruit, sick fruit and malformed fruit；And spray 900 times of big-Quan Shuguo of cloud, spray once every a week, altogether spray three times.

The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, birds are:

(1) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, sprays insecticide, and sprays 800-1000 times, Malathion liquid in March, sprays enemy hundred in 4-5 month 800-1000 times of liquid of worm spray medicine, at 800-1000 times of liquid of orthene in June-July, in the fallen flowers later stage to young fruit period, sprays 1000 times of liquid of orthene totally 3 times, sprayed once every a week；

(2) preventing and treating birds, light-illuminating, plays music or tree crown hangs naphthalene ball.

Embodiment two:

A kind of implantation methods of Arillus Longan, described implantation methods comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting plantation mountain region, the mountain region gradient is 10-75 °；

(2) cleaning mountain region, removes original trees, shrub on mountain region, and even root is removed；Cleaning weeds；

(3) digging slope shoulder, if digging dried layer slope shoulder, slope shoulder is the annular growth belt around mountain region, mountain region be up layering, layer And between layer, height is, 2.0-2.5m；Slope shoulder breadth degree is 2.5-3.0m；

(4) begin to rehearse ditch, and ditch width is 1.0-1.5m, is 0.4-0.6m deeply；

(5) seedling selects, and chooses that plant strain growth is healthy and strong, leaf color is dark green, fibrous root is flourishing, without pest and disease damage, more than grafting grafting mouth There are more than 3 aging branch top；

(6) system infiltration cylinder, uses thick bamboo tube to make, and joint is stayed in bottom, runs into joint if middle, is got through, open some on thick bamboo tube wall Row aperture, a length of 1.3m of thick bamboo tube, a diameter of 8-10cm, distance plant is that 0.3-0.5m setting is fixed in hole；

(7) open hole field planting with powder ridge machine tool, open hole along slope shoulder centrage, cheat deep 1.0-1.2m, a width of 1.0-1.2m, a length of 1.0-1.2m, hole spacing is 5.2-6.0m；During field planting, plant is positioned at the field planting of center, hole, first puts into ground floor base manure, after bury pine Soil, burying thickness is 0.3-0.5m；Place into second layer base manure, after bury and loosen the soil, burying thickness is 0.2-0.3m；Next is put into Third layer base manure, one layer of place mat loosens the soil, and puts into plant and is fixed, and fills water, the finally mud to plant surrounding in infiltration cylinder Soil is compacted, and is compacted by diagonal, prevents compactedness uneven, or lodging；

(8) look into scarce filling the gaps with seedlings, after transplanting one week, observe the plant condition of production, need to fill the gaps with seedlings, mend in time；

(9) fertilizing management, after transplanting two weeks, proceeds by and topdresses, the endless form taking farm manure aquation fertile of topdressing, the Once Xian Shi farmers' rich water, farmers' rich water 4-5kg is granted in every strain；Every two weeks, carbamide 0.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.4kg, sulfur are executed in every strain 0.3 kilogram of potassium of acid, sprays the paclobutrazol of every barrel of concentration 0.2%, and adds 2-3Kg carbamide；November-January adds the chlorine of 0.6% The carbamide solution changing potassium 0.2% sprays；

(10) pruning, after Longan Seedlings field planting survives, plant height 60-80cm, every strain stays the bud of 4～6 different directions, When the gradient is 45 °-75 °, side, backer slope tooth is wiped out；After its pumping becomes branch top, cut off very thin weak or infect pest and disease damage Branch, after the young sprout that stays is aging, stays 30-35 centimeter length to carry out cutting back pruning, cuts off the end of the branch major branch as tree crown, and major branch is sprouted When sending out, select and remain 3-5 bud according to tree-like situation, remaining bud is erased；

(11) blooming previous week, spray foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is the potassium chlorate solution of 1/1000-5/1000；

(12) spica protection；

(13) flower and fruit thinning；

(14) hive, pollination of picking flowers are introduced；

(15) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, birds.

Described spica protection step is:

(1) fertilizing management, spica is not extracted out, suspends fertilising, after spica is extracted out, every strain nitrogen fertilizer application 0.6Kg, potash fertilizer 0.6Kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.8Kg；

(2) tip is rushed in elimination, and when spring bud extracts 4-5 centimetre out, spray concentration is the paclobutrazol control shoot control fringe of 0.2%；The a diameter of 5-6 of spica Centimetre time, spray the big-Quan Shuguo of 1000 times of clouds, every 50Kg water adds basic element of cell division 1g gram, can promote Inflorescence development, prevents punching The tip.

Described flower and fruit thinning is:

(1) spica is pruned off, the complete the longest spica of the branch tip, prune the 25%-35% of total spica off, wipe out weak branch top；

(2) fruit thinning, when fruit diameter is 2-3 millimeter, wipes out overstocked little fruit ear, weak fruit, thin fruit, sick fruit and malformed fruit；And spray 900 times of big-Quan Shuguo of cloud, spray once every a week, altogether spray three times.

The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, birds are:

(1) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, sprays insecticide, and sprays 800-1000 times, Malathion liquid in March, sprays enemy hundred in 4-5 month 800-1000 times of liquid of worm spray medicine, at 800-1000 times of liquid of orthene in June-July, in the fallen flowers later stage to young fruit period, sprays 1000 times of liquid of orthene totally 3 times, sprayed once every a week；

(2) preventing and treating birds, light-illuminating, plays music or tree crown hangs naphthalene ball.

Embodiment three:

A kind of implantation methods of Arillus Longan, described implantation methods comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting plantation mountain region, the mountain region gradient is 10-75 °；

(2) cleaning mountain region, removes original trees, shrub on mountain region, and even root is removed；Cleaning weeds；

(3) digging slope shoulder, if digging dried layer slope shoulder, slope shoulder is the annular growth belt around mountain region, mountain region be up layering, layer And between layer, height is, 2.0-2.5m；Slope shoulder breadth degree is 2.5-3.0m；

(4) begin to rehearse ditch, and ditch width is 1.0-1.5m, is 0.4-0.6m deeply；

(5) seedling selects, and chooses that plant strain growth is healthy and strong, leaf color is dark green, fibrous root is flourishing, without pest and disease damage, more than grafting grafting mouth There are more than 3 aging branch top；

(6) system infiltration cylinder, uses thick bamboo tube to make, and joint is stayed in bottom, runs into joint if middle, is got through, open some on thick bamboo tube wall Row aperture, a length of 1.3m of thick bamboo tube, a diameter of 8-10cm, distance plant is that 0.3-0.5m setting is fixed in hole；

(7) open hole field planting with powder ridge machine tool, open hole along slope shoulder centrage, cheat deep 1.0-1.2m, a width of 1.0-1.2m, a length of 1.0-1.2m, hole spacing is 5.2-6.0m；During field planting, plant is positioned at the field planting of center, hole, first puts into ground floor base manure, after bury pine Soil, burying thickness is 0.3-0.5m；Place into second layer base manure, after bury and loosen the soil, burying thickness is 0.2-0.3m；Next is put into Third layer base manure, one layer of place mat loosens the soil, and puts into plant and is fixed, and fills water, the finally mud to plant surrounding in infiltration cylinder Soil is compacted, and is compacted by diagonal, prevents compactedness uneven, or lodging；

(8) look into scarce filling the gaps with seedlings, after transplanting one week, observe the plant condition of production, need to fill the gaps with seedlings, mend in time；

(9) fertilizing management, after transplanting two weeks, proceeds by and topdresses, the endless form taking farm manure aquation fertile of topdressing, the Once Xian Shi farmers' rich water, farmers' rich water 4-5kg is granted in every strain；Every two weeks, carbamide 0.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.4kg, sulfur are executed in every strain 0.3 kilogram of potassium of acid, sprays the paclobutrazol of every barrel of concentration 0.2%, and adds 2-3Kg carbamide；November-January adds the chlorine of 0.6% The carbamide solution changing potassium 0.2% sprays；

(10) pruning, after Longan Seedlings field planting survives, plant height 60-80cm, every strain stays the bud of 4～6 different directions, When the gradient is 45 °-75 °, side, backer slope tooth is wiped out；After its pumping becomes branch top, cut off very thin weak or infect pest and disease damage Branch, after the young sprout that stays is aging, stays 30-35 centimeter length to carry out cutting back pruning, cuts off the end of the branch major branch as tree crown, and major branch is sprouted When sending out, select and remain 3-5 bud according to tree-like situation, remaining bud is erased；

(11) blooming previous week, spray foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is the potassium chlorate solution of 1/1000-5/1000；

(12) spica protection；

(13) flower and fruit thinning；

(14) hive, pollination of picking flowers are introduced；

(15) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, birds.

Described spica protection step is:

(1) fertilizing management, spica is not extracted out, suspends fertilising, after spica is extracted out, every strain nitrogen fertilizer application 0.6Kg, potash fertilizer 0.6Kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.8Kg；

(2) tip is rushed in elimination, and when spring bud extracts 4-5 centimetre out, spray concentration is the paclobutrazol control shoot control fringe of 0.2%；The a diameter of 5-6 of spica Centimetre time, spray the big-Quan Shuguo of 1000 times of clouds, every 50Kg water adds basic element of cell division 1g gram, can promote Inflorescence development, prevents punching The tip.

Described flower and fruit thinning is:

(1) spica is pruned off, the complete the longest spica of the branch tip, prune the 25%-35% of total spica off, wipe out weak branch top；

(2) fruit thinning, when fruit diameter is 2-3 millimeter, wipes out overstocked little fruit ear, weak fruit, thin fruit, sick fruit and malformed fruit；And spray 900 times of big-Quan Shuguo of cloud, spray once every a week, altogether spray three times.

The described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, birds are:

(1) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, sprays insecticide, and sprays 800-1000 times, Malathion liquid in March, sprays enemy hundred in 4-5 month 800-1000 times of liquid of worm spray medicine, at 800-1000 times of liquid of orthene in June-July, in the fallen flowers later stage to young fruit period, sprays 1000 times of liquid of orthene totally 3 times, sprayed once every a week；

(2) preventing and treating birds, light-illuminating, plays music or tree crown hangs naphthalene ball.

Claims (4)

1. the implantation methods of an Arillus Longan, it is characterised in that: described implantation methods comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting plantation mountain region, the mountain region gradient is 10-75 °；

(2) cleaning mountain region, removes original trees, shrub on mountain region, and even root is removed；Cleaning weeds；

(3) digging slope shoulder, if digging dried layer slope shoulder, slope shoulder is the annular growth belt around mountain region, mountain region be up layering, layer And between layer, height is, 2.0-2.5m；Slope shoulder breadth degree is 2.5-3.0m；

(4) begin to rehearse ditch, and ditch width is 1.0-1.5m, is 0.4-0.6m deeply；

(5) seedling selects, and chooses that plant strain growth is healthy and strong, leaf color is dark green, fibrous root is flourishing, without pest and disease damage, more than grafting grafting mouth There are more than 3 aging branch top；

(6) system infiltration cylinder, uses thick bamboo tube to make, and joint is stayed in bottom, runs into joint if middle, is got through, open some on thick bamboo tube wall Row aperture, a length of 1.3m of thick bamboo tube, a diameter of 8-10cm, distance plant is that 0.3-0.5m setting is fixed in hole；

(7) open hole field planting with powder ridge machine tool, open hole along slope shoulder centrage, cheat deep 1.0-1.2m, a width of 1.0-1.2m, a length of 1.0-1.2m, hole spacing is 5.2-6.0m；During field planting, plant is positioned at the field planting of center, hole, first puts into ground floor base manure, after bury pine Soil, burying thickness is 0.3-0.5m；Place into second layer base manure, after bury and loosen the soil, burying thickness is 0.2-0.3m；Next is put into Third layer base manure, one layer of place mat loosens the soil, and puts into plant and is fixed, and fills water, the finally mud to plant surrounding in infiltration cylinder Soil is compacted, and is compacted by diagonal, prevents compactedness uneven, or lodging；

(8) look into scarce filling the gaps with seedlings, after transplanting one week, observe the plant condition of production, need to fill the gaps with seedlings, mend in time；

(9) fertilizing management, after transplanting two weeks, proceeds by and topdresses, the endless form taking farm manure aquation fertile of topdressing, the Once Xian Shi farmers' rich water, farmers' rich water 4-5kg is granted in every strain；Every two weeks, carbamide 0.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.4kg, sulfur are executed in every strain 0.3 kilogram of potassium of acid, sprays the paclobutrazol of every barrel of concentration 0.2%, and adds 2-3Kg carbamide；November-January adds the chlorine of 0.6% The carbamide solution changing potassium 0.2% sprays；

(10) pruning, after Longan Seedlings field planting survives, plant height 60-80cm, every strain stays the bud of 4～6 different directions, When the gradient is 45 °-75 °, side, backer slope tooth is wiped out；After its pumping becomes branch top, cut off very thin weak or infect pest and disease damage Branch, after the young sprout that stays is aging, stays 30-35 centimeter length to carry out cutting back pruning, cuts off the end of the branch major branch as tree crown, and major branch is sprouted When sending out, select and remain 3-5 bud according to tree-like situation, remaining bud is erased；

(11) blooming previous week, spray foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is the potassium chlorate solution of 1/1000-5/1000；

(12) spica protection；

(13) flower and fruit thinning；

(14) hive, pollination of picking flowers are introduced；

(15) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, birds.

The implantation methods of Arillus Longan the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described spica protection step is:

(1) fertilizing management, spica is not extracted out, suspends fertilising, after spica is extracted out, every strain nitrogen fertilizer application 0.6Kg, potash fertilizer 0.6Kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.8Kg；

(2) tip is rushed in elimination, and when spring bud extracts 4-5 centimetre out, spray concentration is the paclobutrazol control shoot control fringe of 0.2%；The a diameter of 5-6 of spica Centimetre time, spray the big-Quan Shuguo of 1000 times of clouds, every 50Kg water adds basic element of cell division 1g gram, can promote Inflorescence development, prevents punching The tip.

The implantation methods of Arillus Longan the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described flower and fruit thinning is:

(1) spica is pruned off, the complete the longest spica of the branch tip, prune the 25%-35% of total spica off, wipe out weak branch top；

(2) fruit thinning, when fruit diameter is 2-3 millimeter, wipes out overstocked little fruit ear, weak fruit, thin fruit, sick fruit and malformed fruit；And spray 900 times of big-Quan Shuguo of cloud, spray once every a week, altogether spray three times.

The implantation methods of Arillus Longan the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, birds are:

(1) prevention and elimination of disease and pests, sprays insecticide, and sprays 800-1000 times, Malathion liquid in March, sprays enemy hundred in 4-5 month 800-1000 times of liquid of worm spray medicine, at 800-1000 times of liquid of orthene in June-July, in the fallen flowers later stage to young fruit period, sprays 1000 times of liquid of orthene totally 3 times, sprayed once every a week；

(2) preventing and treating birds, light-illuminating, plays music or tree crown hangs naphthalene ball.