CN105660285B - A kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut - Google Patents
A kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660285B CN105660285B CN201610039188.XA CN201610039188A CN105660285B CN 105660285 B CN105660285 B CN 105660285B CN 201610039188 A CN201610039188 A CN 201610039188A CN 105660285 B CN105660285 B CN 105660285B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stereo ecological planting methods of walnut,Including selection of land site preparation,The plantation of walnut,The plantation of tea tree,The plantation of sealwort,Field management and harvesting,The present invention uses rational interplanting method,Aid in the field management to become more meticulous,The effect of each crops is given full play to,Walnut both can be that tea tree and sealwort shade,Also there is pest control to sealwort and tea tree,Tea tree and sealwort have and can provide required nutrient for the growth of walnut,Triple interaction,Mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit,Form good stereo ecological planting system,Soil is not only adequately utilized,Expand the source of income,Peasant is enable to obtain apparent economic well-being of workers and staff faster,The further planting cost for reducing early period,And the balance of soil fertility and the protection of green natural environment are preferably maintained,Form benign business cycle chain,The economic development of this area is effectively pushed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut.
Background technology
Walnut, also known as English walnut, Jiang Tao are Hu Ketao plants, are one of four big nuts, and walnut kernel, which is that nutrition is high, is good for
Health food containing abundant nutrient, has cerebrum tonifying, benefiting qi and nourishing blood, moistening dryness and resolving phlegm, warm lung ease constipation, strong brain and other effects, tool
Have abundant nutritive value, enjoy great popularity on the market, price also lasting rising, once there is walnut plantation heat, so
And in the planting process of walnut, on the one hand since the popularity rate of improved seeds is relatively low, the skill of part orchard worker's field grafting
Art falls behind, and economic loss is serious, and on the other hand, for walnut in the first five years of plantation, walnut is smaller, the gap of walnut compared with
Greatly, field planting walnut while land resource is wasted, can also virtually reduce the economic of orchard worker and receive there are cycle in time
Enter, and the several leading year before result, need to carry out weeding and the management of waste water, the use cost of fertilizer is high, manual labor
Input is big, in order to improve the utilization rate in soil, changes the single-mode of traditional walnut plantation, selects walnut and other crops sets
The pattern of kind realizes the optimal selection that gain increases income, however, up to the present, the nixed planting that part orchard worker uses, all generally
There are economic benefit it is low the problem of.
Tea tree is perennial evergreen draft food, and plant is not high, and tree crown is intensive, and tree breadth is big, evergreen all the year round, once kind
Plant can even centuries continuous production decades, tea tree have the characteristics that " happiness temperature, happiness is shady, hygrophilous, like it is sour ", it is clear that in tea tree
Cultivation on must create optimum condition, to meet the growth and development demand of tea tree, especially in tea tree emergence and the life of seedling
For a long time, the tender leaf of tea tree is highly prone to strong insolation and burns, and the death of seedling after transplanting is caused when serious, so, in tea
The measures such as drought-relief and shading should be taken when tree sowing, ensure that the shading rate of tea tree is reachable best for 50~70%
Growth conditions.
Sealwort system Liliaceae Polygonatum herbaceos perennial mainly contains polysaccharide, glycan, Huang in sealwort
The substances such as ketone, lignin, alkaloid and amino acid, find through modern pharmacological research, and sealwort has tonifying kidney and benefiting sperm, and nourishing Yin and moistening dryness resists
Oxidation, anti-aging adjust body immunity, lipid-loweringing, hypoglycemic or inhibit cholesterol, athero- dynamicization of prevention of arterial, improve study note
Recall with line ability, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and other effects, the rhizome shape such as sweet potato of sealwort highly beneficial to body again, can eat it raw and
Stewing, can allay one's hunger and health-care effect.However Polygonatum ombrophyte, in the planting process of sealwort, usually it is required for planting
It plants shading crop and carrys out tail gas shading, burnt with reducing direct light to sealwort, improve the yield and additional income of its plantation.Cause
This, circuit is produced with reference to agricultural garden, using rational nixed planting, provides that a kind of method is simple, easy to implement, planting cost
Low, remarkable in economical benefits, symbiosis are total to example, the preferable balance for maintaining soil fertility and the protection of green natural environment, effective to improve
The stereo ecological planting method of the walnut of the utilization rate in soil is desirability.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems, such as background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method it is simple, be easy to real
Apply, planting cost is low, remarkable in economical benefits, symbiosis are total to example, the preferable balance for maintaining soil fertility and the protection of green natural environment,
The stereo ecological planting method of the walnut of the effective utilization rate for improving soil.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut includes the following steps：
1. selection of land site preparation：The selection gradient 10~25 °, rich in humus, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is plump, micro-
Acid to neutral mountainous region, January soil carry out more than deep ploughing 50cm, with reference to deep ploughing apply per acre decomposed sheep manure 2000~
3000kg, 100~200kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 30~50kg of calcium superphosphate are as base manure, tall bamboos section ditch or field bund after site preparation；
2. the plantation of walnut：In late Febuary, the walnut seedling of the disease-free high 0.8~1m of well developed root system is first selected, is pressed
8~10 meters of line-spacing, 6~7 meters of spacing in the rows planting density dig planting pit, walnut special fertilizer is inserted cave bottom by planting pit after digging, so
Walnut seedling is dipped in the mud for being mixed with root-inducing powder afterwards, and is put into the bottom of planting pit, side earthing while tracking tramping, pours after tracking tramping
Thin liquid dung 1 time, in plantation walnut seedling in the ranks interplanting tea tree after sprinkling profoundly water；
3. the plantation of tea tree：In October, first select that root is flourishing, tea shoot of robust growth, among two row Juglans
Vacant lot on bracing wire, by 1~2m spacing in the rows dig 50~60cm depth field planting cheat, tea shoot field planting hole and walnut seedling field planting
Then cave interlaced arrangement is colonized the tea tree organic fertilizer for applying 10~15kg in hole by often hole, then tea shoot is put into field planting hole again,
Side earthing while track tramping, pours thin liquid dung 1 time after tracking tramping；
4. the plantation of sealwort：In the March of second year, after the intermediate empty site preparation and fertilization to having planted walnut and tea tree,
In walnut and tea tree in the ranks, at 50~60cm of both sides walnut and tea tree, by 30~40cm of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 70~
The planting density bunch planting sealwort seed of 80cm, per bunch planting 5~10；
5. field management：
a：After peach transplant survival, often to weed out the rank grass, rainy season will anti-ponding, after walnut length is to 1~2m, need
Pruning and rectifying is carried out to walnut, keeps the light transmittance of walnut more than 30%；
b：3~May of second year after tea shoot transplanting shaping is carried out to tea shoot using natural open centre shape training type,
Retain 5~7 major branches on trunk, smear auxin in the opening position cut after trimming, be trimmed every year later, cut off every time
5~8cm of tree crown surface layer so that germination generates shoot, sprays tea tree after trimming the foliar fertilizer of 2~3 times；
c：Sealwort happiness is cloudy to be afraid of strong illumination, and after sealwort emergence and the annual sprout growth phase needs to shade, at this point, kind
The walnut and tea tree of plant can meet the illumination of own growth and can shade to the seedling of sealwort；
d：Hereafter, it in annual October, after walnut fallen leaves and sealwort stalk are withered, needs first to fall in the ground
Walnut is fallen leaves and sealwort stalk is whole broken, then applies 4000~5000kg of farm manure per acre on its surface again and N P and K is compound
100~150kg of fertilizer, irrigates it using thin liquid dung after fertilising, cultivator loosens the soil after irrigation, and expands walnut and tea tree
The tree disk of surrounding applies fertilizer and pours and then will buy vacant lot of the stalk spreading between walnut and tea tree sprinkled with limewash
On, the preventing and controlling of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage are carried out, during this period, it is also necessary to be irrigated 2~5 times with thin liquid dung；
6. it harvests：Using solid cultivation interplanting walnut 3~4 years can fruiting, tea tree can pick tealeaves in 4~5 years,
Sealwort can harvest for 3 years.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1st, stereo cultivating method of the invention is following walnut, tea tree and sealwort in itself in the case of plantation feature, into mistake
Conscientious and careful constantly tests repeatedly, obtains best interplanting method, this kind of interplanting method takes full advantage of each comfortable phase
Conditions that growth phase has and needs are answered, the characteristics of walnut is adaptable good, growth is fast, but result evening, slowly effect,
The young underwood planting tea tree of walnut and sealwort, the difference in height between walnut, tea tree and sealwort is apparent, can form one
Three-dimensional cultivation system, the natural shade that the height of walnut is made full use of to be formed effectively control its light transmittance, be tea tree with
Sealwort provides certain shading effect, to improve the quality and quality of the yield of tealeaves and guarantee sealwort,
2nd, the present invention with tea tree and sealwort by interplanting, after walnut fallen leaves, the walnut that is generated in Walnut Leaves and green peel of walnut
Ketone can have good preventive and therapeutic effect to the pest and disease damage generated during sealwort and growth of tea plant, reduce the shadow of its pest and disease damage
The degree of sound, while the root system of tea tree and walnut is more flourishing, is the suitable growing environment that provides of sealwort, and sealwort is tea
The soil of tree and walnut growth increases nutrient, forms the cultivation mode of mutually beneficial complementation, and then is effectively reduced chemical fertilizer
With the use of pesticide, the safe to use of food has been ensured.
3rd, the present invention changes traditional walnut single cropping pattern, has broken the cycle in time of walnut tree planting, even if
The rest period of walnut, also there is fruit harvesting, be effectively guaranteed the income of orchard worker, and the present invention combines agricultural garden production road
Line, effectively raises the utilization rate in soil, further improves the yield of Land Units area, increases orchard worker's really
Income by reasonably interplanting, realizes symbiosis and is total to example, preferably maintained the balance of soil fertility and the guarantor of green natural environment
Shield, has driven the development of local agricultural and other industry, and flourishing regional economy attracts investment, increases job opportunity, formed
Benign business cycle chain, has pushed the economic development of this area
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is not limited in any way,
Based on present invention teach that any transformation or replacement made, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment selection is planted in Qujing City of Yunnan Province Malong County, and specific plantation step is as follows：
1. selection of land site preparation：Height above sea level is selected in 2000m, the gradient 10 °, rich in humus, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil
Layer is plump, slightly sour to neutral mountainous region, January soil carry out more than deep ploughing 50cm, apply decomposed sheep manure per acre with reference to deep ploughing
2000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100kg and calcium superphosphate 30kg are as base manure, tall bamboos section ditch or field bund after site preparation；
2. the plantation of walnut：In late Febuary, the walnut seedling of the disease-free high 0.8~1m of well developed root system is first selected, is pressed
8 meters of line-spacing, 6 meters of spacing in the rows planting density dig planting pit, walnut special fertilizer is inserted cave bottom by planting pit after digging, and the walnut is special
It is uniformly mixed with fertilizer using poultry, poultry manure and fertile soil in 1~1 ratio, spontaneous fermentation is made after 3~5 months, then
Walnut seedling is dipped in the mud for being mixed with root-inducing powder, and is put into the bottom of planting pit, side earthing while tracking tramping, pours dilute after tracking tramping
Thin liquid dung 1 time, in plantation walnut seedling in the ranks interplanting tea tree after sprinkling profoundly water；
3. the plantation of tea tree：In October, first select that root is flourishing, tea shoot of robust growth, among two row Juglans
Vacant lot on bracing wire, by 1m spacing in the rows dig 50~60cm depth field planting cheat, tea shoot field planting hole and walnut seedling planting pit
Interlaced arrangement, be then colonized again hole in by often hole apply 10kg tea tree organic fertilizer, the tea tree organic fertilizer for 300 parts of cake fertilizer,
200 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 100 parts of vinasse, 50 parts of yeast selenium, 10 parts of EM bacterium solutions, 10 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of humic acid, zinc sulfate 5
Part, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, then tea shoot is put into field planting hole, side earthing, while track tramping, thin liquid dung is poured after tracking tramping 1 time；
4. the plantation of sealwort：In the March of second year, after the intermediate empty site preparation and fertilization to having planted walnut and tea tree,
In walnut and tea tree in the ranks, at both sides walnut and tea tree 50cm, by the planting density of line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 70cm
Bunch planting sealwort seed, per bunch planting 5~10；
5. field management：
a：After peach transplant survival, often to weed out the rank grass, rainy season will anti-ponding, after walnut length is to 1~2m, need
Pruning and rectifying is carried out to walnut, keeps the light transmittance of walnut more than 30%；
b：3~May of second year after tea shoot transplanting shaping is carried out to tea shoot using natural open centre shape training type,
Retain 5~7 major branches on trunk, smear auxin in the opening position cut after trimming, be trimmed every year later, cut off every time
5~8cm of tree crown surface layer so that germination generates shoot, sprays tea tree after trimming the foliar fertilizer of 2~3 times；
c：Sealwort happiness is cloudy to be afraid of strong illumination, and after sealwort emergence and the annual sprout growth phase needs to shade, at this point, kind
The walnut and tea tree of plant can meet the illumination of own growth and can shade to the seedling of sealwort；
d：Hereafter, it in annual October, after walnut fallen leaves and sealwort stalk are withered, needs first to fall in the ground
Walnut is fallen leaves and sealwort stalk is whole broken, then applies farm manure 4000kg and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre on its surface again
100kg irrigates it using thin liquid dung after fertilising, and cultivator loosens the soil after irrigation, and expands around walnut and tea tree
It sets disk, fertilising and pouring and then stalk spreading will be bought on the vacant lot between walnut and tea tree sprinkled with limewash, carry out
The preventing and controlling of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, and yellow card's trap is placed between ground, during this period, it is also necessary to be irrigated with thin liquid dung
2 times；
6. it harvests：Using solid cultivation interplanting walnut 3~4 years can fruiting, tea tree can pick tealeaves in 4~5 years,
Sealwort can harvest for 3 years.
By above cultivation step, interplanting is observed after 4 years, after statistics it has been observed that through above-mentioned interplanting method output
Crop survival rate 90%, survival rate is high, and the incidence of insect pest is low, and wherein insect pest rate can pick after 1.8%, 4 year
Tealeaves, walnut and sealwort, the annual tealeaves of peasant household can have 6000 yuan of income, and for walnut per per mu yield walnut 8001000kg, sealwort is every
Per mu yield 200kg for income is planted with respect to kind, increases significantly, and the pesticide in entire cultivation
Dosage is seldom, without any pesticide residue and environmental pollution.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment selection is planted in Qujing City of Yunnan Province Huize County, and specific plantation step is as follows
1. selection of land site preparation：Selection height above sea level 1900m, the gradient 18 °, rich in humus, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer
It is plump, slightly sour to neutral mountainous region, January soil carry out more than deep ploughing 50cm, apply decomposed sheep manure per acre with reference to deep ploughing
2500kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 250kg and calcium superphosphate 40kg are as base manure, tall bamboos section ditch or field bund after site preparation；
2. the plantation of walnut：In late Febuary, the walnut seedling of the disease-free high 0.8~1m of well developed root system is first selected, is pressed
9 meters of line-spacing, 6.5 meters of spacing in the rows planting density dig planting pit, walnut special fertilizer is inserted cave bottom, the walnut by planting pit after digging
Special fertilizer is uniformly mixed using poultry, poultry manure and fertile soil in 1~1.5 ratio, and spontaneous fermentation is made after 3~5 months,
Then walnut seedling is dipped in the mud for being mixed with root-inducing powder, and be put into the bottom of planting pit, side earthing, while tracking tramping, after tracking tramping
Thin liquid dung is poured 1 time, in plantation walnut seedling in the ranks interplanting tea tree after sprinkling profoundly water；
3. the plantation of tea tree：In October, first select that root is flourishing, tea shoot of robust growth, among two row Juglans
Vacant lot on bracing wire, by 1.5m spacing in the rows dig 50~60cm depth field planting cheat, tea shoot field planting hole and walnut seedling field planting
Cave interlaced arrangement, is then colonized the tea tree organic fertilizer for applying 12kg in hole by often hole again, and the tea tree includes 400 parts of cake fertilizer, fowl
Just 350 parts of animal manure, 200 parts of vinasse, 80 parts of yeast selenium, 15 parts of EM bacterium solutions, 15 parts of plant ash, 25 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of zinc sulfate,
8 parts of magnesium sulfate, then tea shoot is put into field planting hole, side earthing while track tramping, pours thin liquid dung 1 time after tracking tramping；
4. the plantation of sealwort：In the March of second year, after the intermediate empty site preparation and fertilization to having planted walnut and tea tree,
In walnut and tea tree in the ranks, at both sides walnut and tea tree 55cm, by the planting density of line-spacing 35cm, spacing in the rows 75cm
Bunch planting sealwort seed, per bunch planting 5~10；
5. field management：
a：After peach transplant survival, often to weed out the rank grass, rainy season will anti-ponding, after walnut length is to 1~2m, need
Pruning and rectifying is carried out to walnut, keeps the light transmittance of walnut more than 30%；
b：3~May of second year after tea shoot transplanting shaping is carried out to tea shoot using natural open centre shape training type,
Retain 5~7 major branches on trunk, smear auxin in the opening position cut after trimming, be trimmed every year later, cut off every time
5~8cm of tree crown surface layer so that germination generates shoot, sprays tea tree after trimming the foliar fertilizer of 2~3 times；
c：Sealwort happiness is cloudy to be afraid of strong illumination, and after sealwort emergence and the annual sprout growth phase needs to shade, at this point, kind
The walnut and tea tree of plant can meet the illumination of own growth and can shade to the seedling of sealwort；
d：Hereafter, it in annual October, after walnut fallen leaves and sealwort stalk are withered, needs first to fall in the ground
Walnut is fallen leaves and sealwort stalk is whole broken, then applies farm manure 4500kg and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre on its surface again
150kg irrigates it using thin liquid dung after fertilising, and cultivator loosens the soil after irrigation, and expands around walnut and tea tree
It sets disk, fertilising and pouring and then stalk spreading will be bought on the vacant lot between walnut and tea tree sprinkled with limewash, carry out
The preventing and controlling of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, during this period, it is also necessary to be irrigated 4 times with thin liquid dung；
6. it harvests：Using solid cultivation interplanting walnut 3~4 years can fruiting, tea tree can pick tealeaves in 4~5 years,
Sealwort can harvest for 3 years.
By above cultivation step, interplanting is observed after 4 years, after statistics it has been observed that through above-mentioned interplanting method output
Crop survival rate 92.1%, survival rate is high, and the incidence of insect pest is low, wherein also rate can pick after 1.38%, 4 year
Tealeaves, walnut and sealwort, the annual tealeaves of peasant household can have the income of 6500 or so members, and for walnut per per mu yield walnut 900kg, sealwort is every
Per mu yield 150kg for income is planted with respect to kind, increases significantly, and the pesticide in entire cultivation
Dosage is seldom, without any pesticide residue and environmental pollution.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment selection is planted in Qujing City of Yunnan Province Xuanwei City, and specific plantation step is as follows
1. selection of land site preparation：Height above sea level is selected in 2500m, the gradient 25 °, rich in humus, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil
Layer is plump, slightly sour to neutral mountainous region, January soil carry out more than deep ploughing 50cm, apply decomposed sheep manure per acre with reference to deep ploughing
3000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 200kg and calcium superphosphate 50kg are as base manure, tall bamboos section ditch or field bund after site preparation；
2. the plantation of walnut：In late Febuary, the walnut seedling of the disease-free high 0.8~1m of well developed root system is first selected, is pressed
10 meters of line-spacing, 7 meters of spacing in the rows planting density dig planting pit, walnut special fertilizer is inserted cave bottom, the walnut by planting pit after digging
Special fertilizer is uniformly mixed using poultry, poultry manure and fertile soil in 1~2 ratio, and spontaneous fermentation is made after 3~5 months, so
Walnut seedling is dipped in the mud for being mixed with root-inducing powder afterwards, and is put into the bottom of planting pit, side earthing while tracking tramping, pours after tracking tramping
Thin liquid dung 1 time, in plantation walnut seedling in the ranks interplanting tea tree after sprinkling profoundly water；
3. the plantation of tea tree：In October, first select that root is flourishing, tea shoot of robust growth, among two row Juglans
Vacant lot on bracing wire, by 2m spacing in the rows dig 50~60cm depth field planting cheat, tea shoot field planting hole and walnut seedling planting pit
Interlaced arrangement, is then colonized the tea tree organic fertilizer for applying 10~15kg in hole by often hole again, and the tea tree organic fertilizer includes cake fertilizer
600 parts, 500 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 300 parts of vinasse, 100 parts of yeast selenium, 20 parts of EM bacterium solutions, 20 parts of plant ash, 30 parts of humic acid, sulphur
Sour 10 parts of zinc, 0 part of magnesium sulfate, then tea shoot is put into field planting hole, side earthing while track tramping, pour thin liquid dung 1 time after tracking tramping；
4. the plantation of sealwort：In the March of second year, after the intermediate empty site preparation and fertilization to having planted walnut and tea tree,
In walnut and tea tree in the ranks, at both sides walnut and tea tree 60cm, by the planting density of line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 80cm
Bunch planting sealwort seed, per bunch planting 5~10；
5. field management：
a：After peach transplant survival, often to weed out the rank grass, rainy season will anti-ponding, after walnut length is to 1~2m, need
Pruning and rectifying is carried out to walnut, keeps the light transmittance of walnut more than 30%；
b：3~May of second year after tea shoot transplanting shaping is carried out to tea shoot using natural open centre shape training type,
Retain 5~7 major branches on trunk, smear auxin in the opening position cut after trimming, be trimmed every year later, cut off every time
5~8cm of tree crown surface layer so that germination generates shoot, sprays tea tree after trimming the foliar fertilizer of 2~3 times；
c：Sealwort happiness is cloudy to be afraid of strong illumination, and after sealwort emergence and the annual sprout growth phase needs to shade, at this point, kind
The walnut and tea tree of plant can meet the illumination of own growth and can shade to the seedling of sealwort；
d：Hereafter, it in annual October, after walnut fallen leaves and sealwort stalk are withered, needs first to fall in the ground
Walnut is fallen leaves and sealwort stalk is whole broken, then applies farm manure 5000kg and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre on its surface again
150kg irrigates it using thin liquid dung after fertilising, and cultivator loosens the soil after irrigation, and expands around walnut and tea tree
It sets disk, fertilising and pouring and then stalk spreading will be bought on the vacant lot between walnut and tea tree sprinkled with limewash, carry out
The preventing and controlling of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage, during this period, it is also necessary to be irrigated 5 times with thin liquid dung；
6. it harvests：Using solid cultivation interplanting walnut 3~4 years can fruiting, tea tree can pick tealeaves in 4~5 years,
Sealwort can harvest for 3 years.
By above cultivation step, interplanting is observed after 4 years, after statistics it has been observed that through above-mentioned interplanting method output
Crop survival rate 88.6%, survival rate is high, and the incidence of insect pest is low, wherein also rate can pick after 1.56%, 4 year
Tealeaves, walnut and sealwort, the annual tealeaves of peasant household can have the income of 7000 or so members, and walnut is per per mu yield walnut 1000kg, sealwort
Per per mu yield 180kg, for income is planted with respect to kind, increase significantly, and the pesticide in entire cultivation
Dosage it is seldom, without any pesticide residue and environmental pollution.
Based on above-mentioned, the interplanting method of this kind plantation walnut, tea tree and sealwort is following walnut, tea tree and sealwort
In the case of plantation feature itself, by experiment repeatedly, above-mentioned best interplanting method is obtained, which fully sends out
The effect of each crops is waved, sealwort and tea tree on the young growth of walnut is sowed, walnut both can be that tea tree and sealwort hide
The moon, also plays the role of sealwort and tea tree pest control, and tea tree and sealwort have required support can be provided for the growth of walnut
Point, triple interaction, mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit form good stereo ecological planting system, soil are not only adequately utilized, again
There is preferable Its Eco-economic Benefit, by reasonably interplanting, expand the source of income, peasant is enable to obtain faster significantly
Economic well-being of workers and staff, the further planting cost for reducing early period.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Selection of land site preparation：The selection gradient 10~25 °, rich in humus, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is plump, slightly sour arrive
Neutral mountainous region, January soil carry out more than deep ploughing 50cm, apply decomposed 2000~3000kg of sheep manure per acre with reference to deep ploughing,
100~200kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 30~50kg of calcium superphosphate is as base manure, tall bamboos section ditch or field bund after site preparation；
The plantation of walnut：In late Febuary, the walnut seedling of the disease-free high 0.8~1m of well developed root system is first selected, by line-spacing 8
~10 meters, the planting density of 6~7 meters of spacing in the rows dig planting pit, walnut special fertilizer is inserted cave bottom by planting pit after digging, then by core
Peach seedling dips in the mud for being mixed with root-inducing powder, and is put into the bottom of planting pit, side earthing, while tracking tramping, thin excrement is poured after tracking tramping
Water 1 time is planting walnut seedling interplanting tea tree in the ranks after sprinkling profoundly water；
The plantation of tea tree：In October, first select that root is flourishing, tea shoot of robust growth, the vacant lot among two row Juglans
Upper bracing wire, the field planting that 50~60cm depths are dug by the spacing in the rows of 1~2m are cheated, and the field planting hole of tea shoot and the planting pit of walnut seedling interlock
Then arrangement is colonized the tea tree organic fertilizer for applying 10~15kg in hole by often hole, then tea shoot is put into field planting hole again, while covering
Soil while track tramping, pours thin liquid dung 1 time after tracking tramping；
The plantation of sealwort：In the March of second year, after the intermediate empty site preparation and fertilization to having planted walnut and tea tree, in core
Peach and tea tree in the ranks, at 50~60cm of both sides walnut and tea tree, by 30~40cm of line-spacing, 70~80cm of spacing in the rows
Planting density bunch planting sealwort seed, per bunch planting 5~10；
Field management：
a：After peach transplant survival, often to weed out the rank grass, rainy season will anti-ponding, after walnut length is to 1~2m, need to core
Peach carries out Pruning and rectifying, keeps the light transmittance of walnut more than 30%；
b：3~May of second year after tea shoot transplanting shaping, trunk are carried out to tea shoot using natural open centre shape training type
5~7 major branches of upper reservation, smear auxin in the opening position cut after trimming, are trimmed every year later, cut off tree crown every time
5~8cm of surface layer so that germination generates shoot, sprays tea tree after trimming the foliar fertilizer of 2~3 times；
c：Sealwort happiness is cloudy to be afraid of strong illumination, and after sealwort emergence and the annual sprout growth phase needs to shade, at this point, plantation
Walnut and tea tree can meet the illumination of own growth and can shade to the seedling of sealwort；
d：Hereafter, it in annual October, after walnut fallen leaves and sealwort stalk are withered, needs first to fall walnut in the ground
Tree fallen leaves and sealwort stalk are whole broken, then apply 4000~5000kg of farm manure and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre on its surface again
100~150kg irrigates it using thin liquid dung after fertilising, and cultivator loosens the soil after irrigation, and expands walnut and tea tree week
The tree disk enclosed applies fertilizer and pours and then will buy stalk spreading on the vacant lot between walnut and tea tree sprinkled with limewash,
The preventing and controlling of fertilizer and water management and pest and disease damage are carried out, during this period, it is also necessary to be irrigated 2~5 times with thin liquid dung；
Harvesting：Using solid cultivation interplanting walnut 3~4 years can fruiting, tea tree can pick tealeaves, sealwort in 4~5 years
It can harvest within 3 years.
2. a kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In stepIn, it is described
Tea tree organic fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：300~600 parts of cake fertilizer, 200~500 parts of fowl and animal excrement, vinasse 100~
300 parts, 50~100 parts of yeast selenium, 10~20 parts of EM bacterium solutions, 10~20 parts of plant ash, 15~30 parts of humic acid, zinc sulfate 5~
10 parts, 5~10 parts of magnesium sulfate.
3. a kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：StepIn, the core
Peach special fertilizer presses 1~1 using poultry, poultry manure and fertile soil：2 ratio is uniformly mixed, and spontaneous fermentation is made after 3~5 months
.
4. a kind of stereo ecological planting method of walnut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In stepIn, work as Huang
After wonderful receipts, when carrying out bunch planting again, sealwort should accordingly increase apart from the distance of both sides tea tree and walnut.
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