CN104126476B - Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods - Google Patents
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126476B CN104126476B CN201410393566.5A CN201410393566A CN104126476B CN 104126476 B CN104126476 B CN 104126476B CN 201410393566 A CN201410393566 A CN 201410393566A CN 104126476 B CN104126476 B CN 104126476B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Fructus actinidiae chinensis multilamellar high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods, it is desirable to provide the implantation methods of a kind of Fructus actinidiae chinensis per mu yield high efficiency.The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) nursery；(2) Seedling ground selects and smooth；(3) plantation；(4) First Year root system is cultivated and management；(6) Second Year Grafted Variety and branches and tendrils are cultivated；And the management of (7) grafting.The present invention is by increasing Fructus actinidiae chinensis monkey planting density, 220 strains (1 meter × 3 meters) are increased to by original mu plantation density 110 strain (2 meters × 3 meters), the characteristic of the moon is liked during giving full play to Kiwi growth, two-layer Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame is built on Fructus actinidiae chinensis, when actinidia tree is in growth course, at interval of a strain actinidia tree, branches and tendrils are guided to second layer space, take full advantage of the upper grown space of Fructus actinidiae chinensis, reach the purpose of double-deck branches and tendrils result, on the basis of original per mu yield, improve per mu yield more than 80%, saved soil and increased benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, especially relate to a kind of Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination
Implantation methods.
Background technology
Fructus actinidiae chinensis has another name called Radix Fici Hirtae or kiwi fruit, and it originates in China, therefore also known as A.chinensis Planch..Fruit is in oval
Type, by brownish black hair, sour-sweet delicate fragrance time ripe.Fructus actinidiae chinensis contains multivitamin and fat, protein, amino
Acid and calcium, phosphorus, ferrum, magnesium, pectin etc., wherein Vitamin C content is the highest, and every 100 grams of Fructus actinidiae chinensiss are containing dimension
Raw element C400～430 milligrams.Fructus actinidiae chinensis sweet in the mouth acid, cold in nature, have promote the production of body fluid antipyretic, adjust in the therapeutic method to keep the adverse QI flowing downwards, profit of quenching the thirst
Urine, effect of nourishing and fit keeping function.Its hydrolytic enzyme containing thiol proteinase and superoxide dismutase, have foster
Face, the immunity that improves, anticancer, defying age, vessel softening, anti-swollen inflammation-diminishing function.The blood that Fructus actinidiae chinensis contains
Clear augmentor has stabilizing the emotions, the effect of calm mood；Contained natural inositol contributes to brain activity；
Dietary fiber can reduce cholesterol, promotes health of heart；Actinidine and multiple protein enzyme, have appetizing strong
Spleen, aid digestion, prevent the function of constipation.Additionally, Fructus actinidiae chinensis also has blacking hair and beauty, the effect of tender and lovely skin.
The suitable gastric cancer of Fructus actinidiae chinensis, the esophageal carcinoma, pulmonary carcinoma, breast carcinoma, hypertension, coronary heart disease, icterohepatitis, pass
Joint is scorching, calculus of urethra edible for patients；Suitable inappetence, dyspepsia person eat；Suitable aviation, navigation,
The Special Work personnel such as plateau, mine and the old and the weak's patients.Fructus actinidiae chinensis is sold abroad in recent years, domestic respectively
Big market is also that supply falls short of demand, while Fructus actinidiae chinensis sells well, also drives the orchard worker of large quantities of plantation Fructus actinidiae chinensis altogether
With getting rich！Developing rural economy, industry restructuring, the updating and upgrading of a product, Developing Sightseeing agricultural etc., Mi
The plantation of monkey Fructus Persicae becomes vast farmers friend's optimumitem.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis plantation in recent years is while industry greatly develops, use in planting process monolayer greenhouse frame or
How monolayer T-shaped frame, improve Fructus actinidiae chinensis unit per mu yield, increases Fructus actinidiae chinensis per mu yield benefit, how to improve Mi
In monkey Fructus Persicae planting process, high temperature is that asking of solution is badly in need of at plantation family on the impact of actinidia tree growth and physiological fallen fruit
Topic.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes shortcoming of the prior art, it is provided that the plantation side of a kind of Fructus actinidiae chinensis per mu yield high efficiency
Method.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a kind of Fructus actinidiae chinensis
Double-deck high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods, comprises the following steps:
(1) nursery:
A) collect seed: at the Wild Macaque Peach fruits that early September-early and middle ten days collection in October is the most ripe；Separate
Sarcocarp is collected Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed and dries in the shade；
B) sowing: the time is the sowing of mid-March to early April；
(2) Seedling ground selects and smooth: select height above sea level 600-1200 rice subalpine region, before prepartion of land, and will
Fertilizer is sprinkled into be needed on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, after playing good ditch
Again soil on railway carriage or compartment is turned over after the prepartion of land on ridge carefully；
(3) plantation: select the Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling of annual wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis cultivating seeds to carry out field planting, macaque
Fructus Persicae spacing in the rows of planting is one meter of one strain；
(4) First Year root system is cultivated and management: after the beginning of spring, Fructus actinidiae chinensis germinates, and retains a healthy and strong bud and upwards gives birth to
Long, in Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling length to 15 cm, cut top from Seedling about 10 centimeters, promote Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling
Sprout multiple branches and tendrils；Set up Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer flat-top frame: set up cement pillar, Quan Yuanzhong every 3 × 4 meters
Middle pillar is isosceles triangle arrangement, and the cement pillar steel wire of frame surrounding couples together, steel wire ground floor
From ground, about 165 centimeters fasten composition ground floor flat-top frame afterwards；The steel wire second layer is from ground about 235
Centimetre eminence fastens composition second layer flat-top frame afterwards；And during managing, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(5) Second Year Grafted Variety and branches and tendrils are cultivated: mid-February to late March grafting；Hero during grafting
Strain proportioning: garden first row becomes staminiferous plant from the 3rd strain grafting, the 11st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 19th strain grafting
Becoming staminiferous plant, the 27th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 35th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 43rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 51st
Strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 59th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 67th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 75th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant,
83rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 91st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 99th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant.Second row is from the 7th
Strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 15th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 23rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 31st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant,
39th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 47th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 55th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 63rd strain grafting
Becoming staminiferous plant, the 71st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 79th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 87th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 95th
Strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant；3rd row grafting staminiferous plant puts in order identical with first row, the 4th row grafting staminiferous plant arrangement
Order is the most identical with second row, after put in order by this；
(6) management of grafting: 3-4 week after grafting, grafting bud starts to germinate, treats that sprouting grows two
Sheet young leaves starts pre-preventing disease and pest；Being driven underground 20 centimetres with bamboo chip or reinforcing bar, one is connected on bamboo chip solid
Fixed, each strain rope that ranked first is fixed on the Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame second layer, and the second strain is fixed on the of Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame
One layer, after grafting bud is sprouted and taken out the tip, tie up young sprout to protect and fix on rope, draw the Fructus actinidiae chinensis tender tip upwards pen
Straight growth；When the Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling of grafting is each arrange the 1st plant height degree reach 250 centimetres time, in 230 centimeters
Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling being carried out fixed pole, makes Fructus actinidiae chinensis top sprout 2 side shoots, unnecessary side shoot is erased in time, when
Each the 2nd plant height degree of arranging when reaching 180 centimetres, carries out fixed pole in 160 centimeters to Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling, makes Mi
2 side shoots are sprouted at monkey Fructus Persicae top, and unnecessary side shoot is erased in time, and the 3rd strain draws second with the 1st plant height degree
Layer, the 4th strain draws ground floor, the like to form the 1st plant height the 2nd strain low, be trained double-deck fruitful branch
Climing.
Preferably, in described step (1), the collection method of seed is to be extruded together with seed by fruit,
Load rubbing in gauze bag, make seed separate with sarcocarp, then repeatedly eluriate with clear water, clean seed
It is placed on indoor to spread out and dry in the shade.
Preferably, described step (1) also includes to the seed Sand culture after drying in the shade: seed is used
40-50 DEG C of warm water soaking 2 hours, then soak diel with cold water, then husky hides sowing in 50-60 days.
Preferably, the type of seeding of seed in described step (1): select that soil layer is deep fertile makees railway carriage or compartment wholely,
Railway carriage or compartment is wide about 1 meter, is suppressed a little in seedbed, waters permeable, seed is sowed；After planting, thick layer is spread about
The thin river sand of 2-3 millimeter, and mulching straw, grass takes plastics hut after water spray.
Preferably, in described step (2), the consumption of fertilizer is in terms of mu, and its component and weight are organic farmers'
Fertilizer 1500 kilograms, cake fertilizer double centner, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 50 kilograms.
Preferably, in described step (2), the degree of depth of soil deep tillage is more than 80 centimetres.
Preferably, the plot ridging in described step (2) puts corrugate centered by being every 6 meters, and the degree of depth opened by ditch
60 centimetres, wide 60 centimetres, the soil in ditch is placed on the railway carriage or compartment on both sides.
Preferably, the diameter being chosen for Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling in described step (3) is not less than 0.8, main root
Article three, more than, main root is about 15 centimetres.
Preferably, carrying out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mode during management in described step (4) is: pre-diseases prevention in March
Insect pest uses: agricultural streptomycin 15 milliliters+chlopyrifos of 10 milligrams+carbendazim 20 milliliters is watered 30 jin all
Even it is sprayed at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative；April, pre-preventing disease and pest used: azoles ether * Carbatene 20 grams+pyridine acyl bacterium
12 grams+High effect cypermethrin of amine 20 milliliters is watered 30 jin of even spraying at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative；May is pre-
Preventing disease and pest uses: copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate 20 grams+imidacloprid of 15 milliliters+polyoxin 10 grams is watered 30 jin uniformly
It is sprayed at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative；5 Baume degrees stones of December Fructus actinidiae chinensis fallen leaves Hou Quan garden spray in winter are thio
Agent.
Preferably, in described step (4), the cement pillar of Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer flat-top frame is high 3 meters, embedment
65 centimetres of soil.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
(1) present invention is by increasing Fructus actinidiae chinensis monkey planting density, original mu plant density 110 strain (2 meters
× 3 meters) increase to 220 strains (1 meter × 3 meters), like the characteristic of the moon during giving full play to Kiwi growth,
Building two-layer Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame on Fructus actinidiae chinensis, spacing that ground floor frame is liftoff is 160 centimetres, second layer canopy
Spacing that frame is liftoff is 240 centimetres, when actinidia tree is in growth course, at interval of a strain actinidia tree by branch
Climing guide to second layer space, take full advantage of the upper grown space of Fructus actinidiae chinensis, reach double-deck branches and tendrils result
Purpose, improves per mu yield more than 80% on the basis of original per mu yield, and having saved soil increases benefit.
(2) method of the present invention can increase Fructus actinidiae chinensis garden male flower pollen amount, rationally improves Actinidia strain
Proportioning reaches 7:1, and full garden Fructus actinidiae chinensis staminiferous plant is all drawn upper second layer frame, and staminiferous plant is Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement plantation,
Fructus actinidiae chinensis staminiferous plant should exceed Fructus actinidiae chinensis lower floor female plant more than 70 centimetres, pollinates the period of maturation at Kiwi fruit pollen, Mi
Monkey Fructus Persicae male flower pollen can be propagated by faint wind-force and reach more than 10 square metres, in conjunction with multi-layer rack height characteristic, makes
Fructus actinidiae chinensis male flower pollen can be propagated farther, and pollination the most evenly, which reduces the one-tenth of artificial pollination
This, improve Fructus actinidiae chinensis fruit-setting rate.
(3) growing environment that Fructus actinidiae chinensis happiness cool place is moistening, when summer high temperature reaches 38 degrees Celsius, Fructus actinidiae chinensis
Reduce or stop growing, causing water supply not enough and produce physiological fallen fruit phenomenon, make full use of Fructus actinidiae chinensis many
The feature of layer frame, on upper bed rack, Fructus actinidiae chinensis branches and tendrils provide shading rate to reach more than 80% for lower floor, reduce summer
High temperature reaches 30% to soil water evaporation, reduces soil ground temperature and reaches 3 degrees Celsius, reaches preserving soil moisture purpose,
Improve Fructus actinidiae chinensis garden miniclimate, artificially provide Fructus actinidiae chinensis and prevent the condition of the wild cloudy growth of happiness naturally, fall
The injury to actinidia tree of the low summer high temperature, decreases the high temperature evaporation to soil moisture.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that retouched
The embodiment stated is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained under not paying creative work premise all its
His embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment:
(1) nursery: a) collect seed: at early September-the most ripe wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis of early and middle ten days collection in October
Fruit.After after-ripening deliquescing, fruit is extruded together with seed, load rubbing in gauze bag, make seed
Separate with sarcocarp, then repeatedly eluriate with clear water, clean seed is placed on indoor and spreads out and dry in the shade.Seed is husky
Tibetan processes: by seed 40-50 DEG C of warm water soaking 2 hours, then soak diel with cold water, then husky hides 50-60
It sowing.Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed is afraid of that during Sha Zang dry fearness is wet, will check more, stir more, prevent mould
Become.
B) sowing: 1. sowing time: mid-March to early April is sowed.2. type of seeding: is nursery
Ground selects in the deep fertile place good with irrigation and drainage and transportation condition of soil layer；Two is to make railway carriage or compartment, to use sufficient base fertilizer wholely,
Removing foreign material, railway carriage or compartment is wide about 1 meter, is suppressed a little in seedbed, waters permeable, and the seed belt sand that sand is hidden is sowed.
After planting, spread the thin river sand of thick layer about 2-3 millimeter, and mulching straw, grass takes plastics hut after water spray.
Three is to strengthen seedbed management, it is ensured that grow up to healthy and strong rootstock seedling after cultivating 1 year.
(2) Seedling ground selects and smooth:
Fructus actinidiae chinensis root system carnification, fragile especially, to be both afraid of accumulated water, be afraid of again high temperature and drought, young sprout had both been afraid of high wind
Fracture, be afraid of again cold spell in later spring or low temperature freezing-disaster.Suitably plant at subalpine region (height above sea level 600-1200 rice), choosing
Select that soil layer is deep, fertile soil, quality loose, draining is good and garden is built, as low in place that is that have a good transport service
Mountain, hills or Plain cultivation Fructus actinidiae chinensis time, it is necessary to possess suitable irrigation and drainage facility, it is ensured that rainy season not by stain,
Dry season can irrigate in time.In garden, surrounding preferably builds windbreak.
Choose after building field block, before prepartion of land, by the organic farm manure 1500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 100
Kilogram, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 50 kilograms is all uniformly sprinkled into one mu needs on smooth soil,
And by the fertilizer being sprinkled into and soil deep tillage, accomplish fertile uniform with soil and ensure to plough deeply to more than 80 centimetres.Will be complete
Garden plough deeply after plot ridging, centered by every 6 meters put corrugate, the degree of depth 60 centimetres opened by ditch, wide 60 centimetres,
Soil in ditch is placed on the railway carriage or compartment on both sides, rise after good ditch by after the prepartion of land on ridge again with tiller by railway carriage or compartment
Soil turns over carefully.
(3) plantation: select the diameter 0.8cm of annual wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis cultivating seeds thick, Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling
More than three, main root, main root is about the healthy and strong nursery stock of more than 15 centimetres to carry out building garden field planting, in playing good railway carriage or compartment
Heart position, respectively reserves the line-spacing (i.e. center row is away from for 280 centimetres) that 140 centimetres is Fructus actinidiae chinensis,
A line Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling is respectively planted on line-spacing both sides.Dig diameter 30 centimetres, the most about 30 centimetres of circular pit, dig
Hole in the middle of stay a tip mound, about 10-15 centimetre above ground level of tip mound, the main root root of Fructus actinidiae chinensis
System separately rides in the middle of the interior tip mound in hole, the main root root system of Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling is smoothed out with the fingers suitable from all directions, and makes root
Being the stretching, extension that lets droop, inserted by fine earth around in hole, soil is built to nursery stock original bluish yellow intersection, has built
10-15 centimetre above ground level of mound, and the real soil that tramps with one's feet, slowly irrigate just plantation with about 20 jin of clear water
Good Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling, then the soil of surrounding is built into the circular mound of diameter 60 centimetres.Use 80 cm square shape
The black two-sided covering with ground sheeting controlling weeds of silver and improve insulation effect, film in the middle of bore a hole, by macaque
Ramulus Persicae is from the centre in hole through paving, and the black of film is downward, and upwards, surrounding fine earth is real by mould for silver color,
Cut off the macaque Ramulus Persicae that about 2 centimeters of basseting are unnecessary.Fructus actinidiae chinensis spacing in the rows of planting is one meter of one strain.
(4) First Year root system is cultivated and management: after the beginning of spring, Fructus actinidiae chinensis germinates, and retains a healthy and strong bud and upwards gives birth to
Long, in Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling length to 15 cm, cut top from Seedling about 10 centimeters, promote Fructus actinidiae chinensis to sprout
Sending out more branches and tendrils, in the growth cycle of Fructus actinidiae chinensis, March, pre-preventing disease and pest used: agricultural streptomycin 10
15 milliliters+chlopyrifos of milligram+carbendazim 20 milliliters is watered 30 jin of even spraying at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative.
April, pre-preventing disease and pest used: azoles ether * Carbatene 12 grams+High effect cypermethrin of 20 grams+Boscalid 20
Milliliter is watered 30 jin of even spraying at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative.May, pre-preventing disease and pest used: copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate 15
20 grams+imidacloprid of milliliter+polyoxin 10 grams is watered 30 jin of even spraying at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative.Winter
5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs of season December Fructus actinidiae chinensis fallen leaves Hou Quan garden spray.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer flat-top frame: cement pillar is high 3 meters, sets up cement pillar, Quan Yuan every 3 × 4 meters
The pillar of centre can square or rectangle arrangement or isosceles triangle.Cement pillar total length 3 meters, is earthed
65 centimetres.The cement pillar zinc-coated wire of frame surrounding couples together, and fastens at cement capital by one, and one
More than 80 centimetres, head oblique pull embedment underground, fixes with concrete casting.Ground floor is 165 centimeters from ground
Boring, is distracted into key grid, in 30 centimetres with 4.0 millimeters of hot-dip galvanizing steel wires between each cement pillar
Between fasten with the hot-dip galvanizing steel wire of 1.6 mm band plastics rubber and to reticulate on the mobile jib line of 4.0 millimeters, after fastening
Constitute ground floor flat-top frame.The second layer is 235 centimetres of eminence boring from ground, uses between each cement pillar
4.0 millimeters of hot-dip galvanizing steel wires are distracted into key grid, with 1.6 mm band plastics rubber in the middle of 30 centimetres
Hot-dip galvanizing steel wire is fastened and is reticulated on the mobile jib line of 4.0 millimeters, fastens composition second layer flat-top frame afterwards.
(5) Second Year Grafted Variety and branches and tendrils are cultivated: grafting period: sprout first about 20 days and be advisable i.e. 2
The middle of the month is to late March.Engrafting method mainly takes the methods such as simple bud cut-grafting, its specifically: choosing growth
The scion substantial, marrow is less, the branch section of one bud of clip band is long 3-4 centimetre.Straight one side is selected to prune
Cortex, long 2-3 centimetre of bevel is advisable, and the degree of depth is advisable to expose xylem or slightly band xylem, anti-by bevel
The short bevel of one about 50 degree is cut in face.Cut anvil at stock away from ground 10-15 centimeters, choosing smooth towards
Under cut a cutter, bevel length is slightly longer than scion bevel, and the degree of depth is the same with scion, and stock peels 1/3；Then
Insert scion, it is desirable to scion size is essentially identical with stock；Notice that anvil fringe cambium layer is directed at, then use plastics
Grafting film bundling, exposes scion eye.Staminiferous plant proportioning during grafting: garden first row is transferred from the 3rd strain
Being connected into staminiferous plant, the 11st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 19th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 27th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the
35 strain graftings become staminiferous plant, and the 43rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 51st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 59th strain grafting Cheng Xiong
Strain, the 67th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 75th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 83rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 91st strain
Grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 99th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant.Second row becomes staminiferous plant from the 7th strain grafting, the 15th strain grafting
Becoming staminiferous plant, the 23rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 31st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 39th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 47th
Strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 55th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 63rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 71st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant,
79th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 87th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 95th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant.3rd row's grafting is male
Strain puts in order identical with first row, and the 4th row grafting staminiferous plant puts in order identical with second row, after by this
Put in order the like.
(6) management of grafting: sprout first about 20 days and be advisable i.e. mid-February to late March, grafting
Rear 3-4 week, grafting bud start send out germinate, treat sprouting grow two panels young leaves start pre-preventing disease and pest use:
Agricultural streptomycin 15 milliliters+chlopyrifos of 10 milligrams+carbendazim 20 milliliters is watered 30 jin of even spraying at Mi
Monkey Folium Persicae bud positive and negative.Being driven underground 20 centimetres with bamboo chip or reinforcing bar, one is connected on bamboo chip fixing, often
One ranked first strain plastic rope is fixed on the Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame second layer, and the second strain is fixed on the first of Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame
Layer, after grafting bud is sprouted and taken out the tip, ties up young sprout to protect and fixes on plastic rope, draw the tender tip of Fructus actinidiae chinensis upwards
Growth straight.Middle weeding is wanted in Fructus actinidiae chinensis field, notes when weeding without impinging on buddering of just having sent.
When the Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling of grafting is each arrange the 1st plant height degree reach 250 centimetres time, in 235 centimeters to Fructus actinidiae chinensis
Seedling carries out fixed pole, makes Fructus actinidiae chinensis top sprout 2 side shoots, and unnecessary side shoot erases in time, each arranges the 2nd
When plant height degree reaches 180 centimetres, in 165 centimeters, Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling is carried out fixed pole, make Fructus actinidiae chinensis top sprout
Sending out 2 side shoots, unnecessary side shoot is erased in time, and the 3rd strain draws the second layer with the 1st plant height degree, the 4th strain
Draw ground floor, the like to form the 1st plant height the 2nd strain low, be trained double-deck result branches and tendrils, the most fully
Rationally Economization on land, the Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling of the 7-8 month is taked measure of sheltering from heat or light, is avoided intense direct illumination, Fructus actinidiae chinensis happiness the moon
Cool moistening growing environment, when summer high temperature reaches 38 degrees Celsius, Fructus actinidiae chinensis reduces or stops growing, and makes
Become water supply not enough and produce physiological fallen fruit phenomenon, make full use of the feature of Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer frame, the second layer
On frame, Fructus actinidiae chinensis branches and tendrils provide shading rate to reach more than 80% for Fructus actinidiae chinensis branches and tendrils on ground floor frame, reduce summer
High temperature reaches 30% to soil water evaporation, reduces soil ground temperature and reaches 3 degrees Celsius, reaches preserving soil moisture purpose,
Improve Fructus actinidiae chinensis garden miniclimate, artificially provide Actinidia and naturally like the condition of cloudy growth, reduce
The summer high temperature injury to actinidia tree, decreases the high temperature evaporation to soil moisture.When Fructus actinidiae chinensis enters
Enter high yield period, take full advantage of the two-layer growth result space of Fructus actinidiae chinensis, reach the purpose of double-deck result,
Originally improving per mu yield on the basis of per mu yield and reach more than 80%, having saved soil increases benefit.Fructus actinidiae chinensis garden
Male flower pollen amount, rationally improves Actinidia strain proportioning and reaches 7:1, and full garden Fructus actinidiae chinensis staminiferous plant all draws the
Two layers of frame, staminiferous plant is Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement plantation, and the spacing between Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame ground floor and the second layer is 70
More than centimetre, in Fructus actinidiae chinensis florescence, Fructus actinidiae chinensis male flower pollen can be propagated by faint wind-force reach 10 square metres
Above, in conjunction with double-deck frame high altitude feature, making Fructus actinidiae chinensis male flower pollen can propagate farther, pollination is more comprehensively
Evenly, which reduce the cost of artificial pollination, improve Fructus actinidiae chinensis fruit-setting rate.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all at this
Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in this
Within bright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) nursery:
A) collect seed: at the Wild Macaque Peach fruits that early September-early and middle ten days collection in October is the most ripe；Demucilage
Collect Fructus actinidiae chinensis seed and dry in the shade；
B) sowing: the time is the sowing of mid-March to early April；
(2) Seedling ground selects and smooth: select height above sea level 600-1200 rice subalpine region, before prepartion of land, by fertilizer
Material is sprinkled into be needed on smooth soil and carries out soil deep tillage；Plot ridging after ploughing deeply, by ridge after a good ditch
Prepartion of land after again soil on railway carriage or compartment is turned over carefully；
(3) plantation: select the Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling of annual wild Fructus actinidiae chinensis cultivating seeds to carry out field planting, Fructus actinidiae chinensis
Spacing in the rows of planting is one meter of one strain；
(4) First Year root system is cultivated and management: after the beginning of spring, Fructus actinidiae chinensis germinates, and retains a healthy and strong bud and grows up,
In Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling length to 15 centimetres, cut top from Seedling 10 centimeters, promote Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling to sprout multiple branches and tendrils；
Setting up Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer flat-top frame: set up cement pillar every 3 × 4 meters, pillars middle for Quan Yuanzhong are product words
Shape arranges, and the cement pillar steel wire of frame surrounding couples together, and steel wire ground floor 165 centimeters from ground are fastened
Ground floor flat-top frame is constituted after Hao；The steel wire second layer 235 centimetres of eminences from ground are fastened the composition second layer afterwards and are put down
Ceiling frame；And during managing, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(5) Second Year Grafted Variety and branches and tendrils are cultivated: mid-February to late March grafting；Staminiferous plant during grafting
Proportioning: garden first row becomes staminiferous plant from the 3rd strain grafting, the 11st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 19th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant,
27th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 35th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 43rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 51st strain grafting Cheng Xiong
Strain, the 59th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 67th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 75th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 83rd strain grafting
Becoming staminiferous plant, the 91st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 99th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant；Second row becomes staminiferous plant from the 7th strain grafting,
15th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 23rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 31st strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 39th strain grafting Cheng Xiong
Strain, the 47th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 55th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 63rd strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, the 71st strain grafting
Becoming staminiferous plant, the 79th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 87th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant, and the 95th strain grafting becomes staminiferous plant；3rd row
Grafting staminiferous plant puts in order identical with first row, and the 4th row grafting staminiferous plant puts in order identical with second row, after press
This puts in order；
(6) management of grafting: 3-4 week after grafting, grafting bud starts to germinate, treats that sprouting grows two panels new
Leaf starts pre-preventing disease and pest；Being driven underground 20 centimetres with bamboo chip or reinforcing bar, one is connected on bamboo chip fixing, often
One ranked first strain rope is fixed on the Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame second layer, and the second strain is fixed on the ground floor of Fructus actinidiae chinensis frame, is transferring
After the tip is taken out in sprouting of buddering, tie up young sprout to protect and fix on rope, draw the tender tip of Fructus actinidiae chinensis and grow the most straight；Work as grafting
Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling each the 1st plant height degree of arranging when reaching 250 centimetres, in 230 centimeters, Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling is carried out fixed pole,
Making Fructus actinidiae chinensis top sprout 2 side shoots, unnecessary side shoot is erased in time, when each the 2nd plant height degree of arranging reaches 180
Centimetre time, in 160 centimeters, Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling is carried out fixed pole, make Fructus actinidiae chinensis top sprout 2 side shoots, unnecessary
Side shoot is erased in time, and the 3rd strain draws the second layer with the 1st plant height degree, and ground floor is drawn in the 4th strain, the like shape
Become the 1st plant height the 2nd strain low, be trained double-deck result branches and tendrils.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (1), the collection method of seed is to be extruded together with seed by fruit, loads rubbing in gauze bag,
Make seed separate with sarcocarp, then repeatedly eluriate with clear water, clean seed is placed on indoor and spreads out and dry in the shade.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described step (1) also includes to the seed Sand culture after drying in the shade: by little for seed 40-50 DEG C of warm water soaking 2
Time, then soak diel with cold water, then husky Tibetan 50-60 days is sowed.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1 and 2, its feature exists
In the type of seeding of seed in described step (1): select that soil layer is deep fertile makees railway carriage or compartment wholely, railway carriage or compartment is wide 1 meter,
Seedbed is suppressed a little, waters permeable, seed is sowed；After planting, spread the thin river sand of thick layer 2-3 millimeter, and
Mulching straw, grass takes plastics hut after water spray.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (2), the consumption of fertilizer is in terms of mu, and its component and weight are organic farm manure 1500 kilograms, cake fertilizer
Double centner, compound fertilizer 50 kilograms, calcium superphosphate 50 kilograms.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (2), the degree of depth of soil deep tillage is more than 80 centimetres.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Plot ridging in described step (2) puts corrugate centered by being every 6 meters, and the degree of depth 60 centimetres opened by ditch, wide 60 lis
Rice, the soil in ditch is placed on the railway carriage or compartment on both sides.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The diameter being chosen for Fructus actinidiae chinensis Seedling in described step (3) is not less than 0.8, and more than three, main root, main root is long
15 centimetres.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Carrying out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control mode during management in described step (4) is: March, pre-preventing disease and pest used: agricultural chain
It is positive and negative at kiwi fruit leaf that mycin 15 milliliters+chlopyrifos of 10 milligrams+carbendazim 20 milliliters is watered 30 jin of even spraying
Face；April, pre-preventing disease and pest used: azoles ether * Carbatene 12 grams+High effect cypermethrin of 20 grams+Boscalid 20
Milliliter is watered 30 jin of even spraying at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative；May, pre-preventing disease and pest used: copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate 15 milliliters
20 grams+imidacloprid of+polyoxin 10 grams is watered 30 jin of even spraying at kiwi fruit leaf positive and negative；Winter 12
5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs of moon Fructus actinidiae chinensis fallen leaves Hou Quan garden spray.
Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer high yield spontaneous pollination implantation methods the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (4), the cement pillar of Fructus actinidiae chinensis bilayer flat-top frame is high 3 meters, is earthed 65 centimetres.
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| CN104855089A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-26 | 霍邱县皖翠猕猴桃种植专业合作社 | Cultivating method for actinidia chinensis seedlings |
| CN105794583B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-09-21 | 青川县宏宇猕猴桃种植专业合作社 | The method that Kiwi berry is planted in high altitude localities |
| CN108617384A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-10-09 | 道真自治县嘉辉山地生态特色农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Kiwi berry implantation methods |
| CN109793002A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of mixing formula preparation for preventing eliminating aphis |
| CN109819996A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-31 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of preparation method of imidacloprid and agricultural streptomycin mixing formula preparation |
| CN109845756A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-06-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of application of mixing formula preparation in anti-eliminate aphis |
| CN109793001A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-24 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of preparation method of imidacloprid and copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate mixing formula preparation |
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