CN104429550A - Method for artificially planting parispolyphylla - Google Patents
Method for artificially planting parispolyphylla Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429550A CN104429550A CN201410782283.XA CN201410782283A CN104429550A CN 104429550 A CN104429550 A CN 104429550A CN 201410782283 A CN201410782283 A CN 201410782283A CN 104429550 A CN104429550 A CN 104429550A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, in particular to a method for artificially planting parispolyphylla. The method includes the steps: (1), land selection and preparation; (2), seed selection and treatment; (3), seeding and seedling growing; (4), transplanting; (5), field management; (6), harvesting. Seedling growing is performed in a pine forest, and environment in the pine forest is more similar to wild environment, so that high adaptability and high survival rate of seedlings can be realized, and medicinal value of wild medicinal materials can be retained as much as possible; profit can be acquired in short time after artificial planting, so that planting investment risk is lowered. The method has the advantages of simple operation, easiness in popularization, high profit, low risk and the like, a novel optimized scheme is provided for artificial large-scale planting of parispolyphylla, and the method has high economic and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine plant technical field, specifically the method for a kind of artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
Background technology
Yunnan Paris polyphylla is liked living in height above sea level 500 ~ 3000m, and weather is moistening, and shady place is covered in the suitable sylvan life of rainfall.General seed germination, the preference temperature of root growth and terminal bud germination is 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, and emerging is 20 DEG C, and overground part plant strain growth is 16 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C, and underground part root growth is 14 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C.Yunnan Paris polyphylla growth requires to cover shady environment, and illumination can make more by force blade wither.General seed germination and plantlet stage require to shade better, and maturation suitably will reduce increase illumination of shading the first two year, is conducive to the accumulation of secondary metabolites and dry matter.Traditional medicine Yunnan Paris polyphylla mainly utilizes wild resource, along with the fast development of Chinese Medicine Industry, the manufacturing enterprise's dosage being raw material with Yunnan Paris polyphylla significantly increases, and wild Yunnan Paris polyphylla poor growth, need more than 10 year time from seed germination to results, be difficult to the pharmacy demand meeting pharmaceutical manufacturer.
Medicinal Yunnan Paris polyphylla is mainly based on wild collection.But; reopen the Utilizing Resource Pattern sent out, gently protect for a long time; and the habitat destruction that traditional farming practices and population growth's pressure bring, make Yunnan Paris polyphylla wild resource suffer heavy damage, the shortage of its resource serious threat to the raw material supplying of relevant pharmacy corporation.Although people from the eighties in last century just the artificial familyization research of Yunnan Paris polyphylla; but because the problems such as Yunnan Paris polyphylla reproduction rate is low, poor growth, crop cycle is long, planting cost is high, economic benefit is low are difficult to solve, its manual scale planting problem not yet solves.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned deficiency and Problems existing, the object of the invention is to invent a kind of gas permeability, drainage, warmth retention property, cover shade all better, Yunnan Paris polyphylla grows soon, not easily sick Yunnan Paris polyphylla artificial method for planting.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the method for a kind of artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla, and step comprises:
(1) selection of land and whole: the sideline, moisture in the soil position of marking wide 1.0 ~ 1.2m, long 15 ~ 17m on pine forests plot, then tiling outside Shang Wei sideline, nursery, every ridge is highly 20 ~ 25cm surrounding edge; Earth in the moisture in the soil of nursery is turned over, the weeds of rear appearance of turning over are burnouted on moisture in the soil face, and mass of soil is broken into particulate, it is 5 ~ 8cm Nutrition Soil that moisture in the soil face is spread thickness, then on Nutrition Soil, sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1 ~ 1.5cm, finally repaving last layer thickness is 3 ~ 4cm tree moss alive and bog moss; Lay sunshade net in the place from moisture in the soil face more than height 2m, finally water, make nursery earth water content reach 15% ~ 20%;
(2) seed selection and process: select full, ripe, disease-free, nothing is gone mouldy and not damaged, thousand kernel weight is the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed of 40 ~ 70g, it is mixed with 2: 1 with fine sand, rubbing removing exosper, with the carbendazim seed soaking 1 ~ 2h of 500 ~ 800 times after cleaning, imbed in damp sand, sow after waiting Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed to take root;
(3) nursery: the seed processed through step (2) is sowed on nursery, covering thickness is sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1 ~ 1.5cm after the humus soil of 1.5 ~ 2cm, and finally repaving last layer thickness is the tree moss and bog moss that 3 ~ 4cm is alive;
(4) transplant: in the winter time, excavate the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling cultivated 2 years, disease-free, form normal Yunnan Paris polyphylla subterranean stem are cut by 2 ~ 3 joints, transplant to land for growing field crops after the process of wound ash, after transplanting, cladding thickness is the humus soil of 1 ~ 1.5cm;
(5) field management:
1. weeding: after plantation, carries out intertill and clean tillage in 9 annual ~ October;
2. water: land for growing field crops surrounding arranges the drain ditch that the degree of depth is more than 35cm, avoids land for growing field crops ponding;
3. apply fertilizer: after transplanting land for growing field crops, apply farmyard manure in annual spring by 1500 ~ 2000 kilograms every mu;
4. top is plucked: every year after having the Yunnan Paris polyphylla plant exhibition leaf exhibition of reproductive organs to spend, spent the partial enucleation of portion except sepal, until gather;
(6) gather: transplant after 3 ~ 5 years, excavate after plant is withered, obtain ripe traditional Chinese medicine Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
Further: in step (1), the height of pine forests is not less than 5m, the vegetation overlay degree in forest land is 25% ~ 40%.
Further: in step (1), leave the drain ditch that width is 20 ~ 30cm between two adjacent moisture in the soil positions.
Further: in step (1), the degree of depth that earth is turned over is 10 ~ 15cm, and the thickness of Nutrition Soil is 6cm, and the thickness of pine needle is 1cm, and the thickness of tree moss and bog moss is 3cm.
Further: in described Nutrition Soil, the content of farmyard manure accounts for 80%.
Further: in step (4), during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 7 ~ 15 × 7 ~ 20cm.
Further: in step (4), described land for growing field crops is provided with the sunshade net that the rate of sheltering from heat or light reaches 60 ~ 70%.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is: first the present invention carries out nursery in pine forests, because the environment in the woods is closer to wild environment, the strong adaptability of seedling can be made, survival rate is high, and the medical value retaining natural crude drugs can be maximized, after artificial cultivation, income can be obtained in a short time, lower plantation investment risk.The present invention have simple to operate, be easy to promote, the advantage such as income is high, risk is low, the manual scale planting for Yunnan Paris polyphylla provides new prioritization scheme, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla, comprises the steps,
(1) nursery prepares: the sideline, moisture in the soil position of marking wide 1.0m, long 15m on pine forests plot, is provided with the dead furrow of 25cm between adjacent moisture in the soil position, and then tiling outside Shang Wei sideline, nursery, every ridge is highly 20cm surrounding edge; Earth in the moisture in the soil of nursery is turned over, after turning over, the weeds of appearance of turning over is burnouted, mass of soil is broken into particulate, the Nutrition Soil that thickness is 5cm is spread in the moisture in the soil face in nursery; Lay sunshade net in the place from moisture in the soil face height 2m, finally water, make nursery earth water content reach 15%;
Wherein, the height of pine forests is 3m, and the vegetation overlay degree in forest land is 25%; In Nutrition Soil, the content of farmyard manure accounts for 80%;
(2) seed selection and process: select full, ripe, disease-free, without to go mouldy and not damaged thousand kernel weight is the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed of 40g, it is mixed with 2: 1 with fine sand, rubbing removing exosper, clean, and to soak seed 1h with the carbendazim of 500 times, imbed in damp sand, 20 DEG C of process, after 4 months, are sowed after waiting Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed to take root;
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed processed is sowed on nursery, covering thickness is sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1cm after the humus soil of 1.5cm, and finally repaving last layer thickness is the tree moss and bog moss that 3cm is alive;
(4) transplant: in the winter time, excavate the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling growing 2 years, disease-free, form normal Yunnan Paris polyphylla subterranean stem are cut by 2 joints, transplant to land for growing field crops (land for growing field crops is provided with the sunshade net that the rate of sheltering from heat or light reaches 60%) after the process of wound ash, after transplanting, cladding thickness is broken grass or the humus soil of 1cm;
In embodiment, the stripping and slicing of segmentation is with the transplanting then of terminal bud, and spacing in the rows is 15 × 20cm, can transplant then not with terminal bud, and spacing in the rows is 7 × 7cm, also next year can wait after forming indefinite bud and transplant in the spacing in the rows by 15 × 20cm.
(5) field management:
1. weeding: after plantation, carries out intertill and clean tillage in annual September;
2. water: land for growing field crops surrounding arranges the drain ditch that the degree of depth is more than 35cm, avoids land for growing field crops ponding, will water in time in the weather arid time;
3. apply fertilizer: annual spring applies farmyard manure by every mu of 1500kg;
4. top is plucked: every year after having the Yunnan Paris polyphylla plant exhibition leaf exhibition of reproductive organs to spend, spent the partial enucleation of portion except sepal, until gather;
(6) gather: cultivate after 3 years, excavate after plant is withered, obtain ripe traditional Chinese medicine Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
Embodiment 2
A method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla, comprises the steps,
(1) nursery prepares: the sideline, moisture in the soil position of marking wide 1.2m, long 17m on pine forests plot, is provided with the dead furrow of 25cm between adjacent moisture in the soil position, and then tiling outside Shang Wei sideline, nursery, every ridge is highly 25cm surrounding edge; Earth in the moisture in the soil of nursery is turned over, after turning over, the weeds of appearance of turning over is burnouted, mass of soil is broken into particulate, the Nutrition Soil that thickness is 8cm is spread in the moisture in the soil face in nursery; Lay sunshade net in the place from moisture in the soil face height 2.5m, finally water, make nursery earth water content reach 20%;
Wherein, the height 4m of pine forests, the vegetation overlay degree in forest land is 40%; Nutrition Soil comprises the farmyard manure of 80%;
(2) seed selection and process: select full, ripe, disease-free, without to go mouldy and not damaged thousand kernel weight is the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed of 70g, it is mixed with 2: 1 with fine sand, rubbing removing exosper, clean, and to soak seed 2h with the carbendazim of 800 times, imbed in damp sand, 20 DEG C of process, after 4 months, are sowed after waiting Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed to take root;
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed processed is sowed on nursery, covering thickness is sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1.5cm after the humus soil of 2cm, and finally repaving last layer thickness is the tree moss and bog moss that 4cm is alive;
(4) transplant: in the winter time, excavate the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling growing 5 years, disease-free, form normal Yunnan Paris polyphylla subterranean stem are cut by 3 joints, with transplanting to land for growing field crops (land for growing field crops is provided with the sunshade net that the rate of sheltering from heat or light reaches 70%) after the wound ash process of terminal bud, next year transplanting not with terminal bud, after transplanting, cladding thickness is broken grass or the humus soil of 1.5cm;
In embodiment, the stripping and slicing of segmentation is with the transplanting then of terminal bud, and spacing in the rows is 15 × 20cm, can transplant then not with terminal bud, and spacing in the rows is 7 × 7cm, also next year can wait after forming indefinite bud and transplant in the spacing in the rows by 15 × 20cm.
(5) field management:
1. weeding: after plantation, carries out intertill and clean tillage in annual October;
2. water: land for growing field crops surrounding arranges the drain ditch that the degree of depth is more than 35cm, avoids land for growing field crops ponding;
3. apply fertilizer: annual spring applies farmyard manure by every mu of 1750kg;
4. top is plucked: every year after having the Yunnan Paris polyphylla plant exhibition leaf exhibition of reproductive organs to spend, spent the partial enucleation of portion except sepal, until gather;
(6) gather: cultivate after 5 years, excavate after plant is withered, obtain ripe traditional Chinese medicine Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
Embodiment 3
A method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla, comprises the steps,
(1) nursery prepares: the sideline, moisture in the soil position of marking wide 1.1m, long 16m on pine forests plot, is provided with the dead furrow of 25cm between adjacent moisture in the soil position, and then tiling outside Shang Wei sideline, nursery, every ridge is highly 20cm surrounding edge; Earth in the moisture in the soil of nursery is turned over, and mass of soil is broken into particulate, the Nutrition Soil that thickness is 6cm is spread in the moisture in the soil face in nursery; Lay sunshade net in the place from moisture in the soil face height 2m, finally water, make nursery earth water content reach 17%;
Wherein, the height of pine forests is 5m, and the vegetation overlay degree in forest land is 35%; In Nutrition Soil, the amount of farmyard manure is 80%;
(2) seed selection and process: select full, ripe, disease-free, go mouldy and damage the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed that thousand kernel weight is 55g, it is mixed with 2: 1 with fine sand, rubbing removing exosper, clean, and to soak seed 1.5h with the carbendazim of 650 times, imbed in damp sand, 20 DEG C of process, after 4 months, are sowed after waiting Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed to take root;
(3) seeding and seedling raising: the seed processed is sowed on nursery, covering thickness is sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1.3cm after the humus soil of 1.5cm, and finally repaving last layer thickness is the tree moss and bog moss that 3.5cm is alive;
(4) transplant: in the winter time, excavate the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling growing 4 years, disease-free, form normal Yunnan Paris polyphylla subterranean stem are cut by 2 joints, transplant to land for growing field crops (land for growing field crops is provided with the sunshade net that the rate of sheltering from heat or light reaches 65%) after the process of wound ash, after transplanting, cladding thickness is broken grass or the humus soil of 1.3cm;
In embodiment, the stripping and slicing of segmentation is with the transplanting then of terminal bud, and spacing in the rows is 15 × 20cm, can transplant then not with terminal bud, and spacing in the rows is 7 × 7cm, also next year can wait after forming indefinite bud and transplant in the spacing in the rows by 15 × 20.
(5) field management:
1. weeding: after plantation, carries out intertill and clean tillage in annual September;
2. water: land for growing field crops surrounding arranges the drain ditch that the degree of depth is 40cm, avoids land for growing field crops ponding;
3. apply fertilizer: annual spring applies farmyard manure by every mu of 2000kg;
4. top is plucked: every year after having the Yunnan Paris polyphylla plant exhibition leaf exhibition of reproductive organs to spend, spent the partial enucleation of portion except sepal, until gather;
(6) gather: cultivate after 3 years, excavate after plant is withered, obtain ripe traditional Chinese medicine Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla, is characterized in that, step comprises:
(1) selection of land and whole: the sideline, moisture in the soil position of marking wide 1.0 ~ 1.2m, long 15 ~ 17m on pine forests plot, then tiling outside Shang Wei sideline, nursery, every ridge is highly 20 ~ 25cm surrounding edge; Earth in the moisture in the soil of nursery is turned over, the weeds of rear appearance of turning over are burnouted on moisture in the soil face, and mass of soil is broken into particulate, it is 5 ~ 8cm Nutrition Soil that moisture in the soil face is spread thickness, then on Nutrition Soil, sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1 ~ 1.5cm, finally repaving last layer thickness is 3 ~ 4cm tree moss alive and bog moss; Lay sunshade net in the place from moisture in the soil face more than height 2m, finally water, make nursery earth water content reach 15% ~ 20%;
(2) seed selection and process: select full, ripe, disease-free, nothing is gone mouldy and not damaged, thousand kernel weight is the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed of 40 ~ 70g, it is mixed with 2: 1 with fine sand, rubbing removing exosper, with the carbendazim seed soaking 1 ~ 2h of 500 ~ 800 times after cleaning, imbed in damp sand, sow after waiting Yunnan Paris polyphylla seed to take root;
(3) nursery: the seed processed through step (2) is sowed on nursery, covering thickness is sprinkle the pine needle that a layer thickness is 1 ~ 1.5cm after the humus soil of 1.5 ~ 2cm, and finally repaving last layer thickness is the tree moss and bog moss that 3 ~ 4cm is alive;
(4) transplant: in the winter time, excavate the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling cultivated 2 years, disease-free, form normal Yunnan Paris polyphylla subterranean stem are cut by 2 ~ 3 joints, transplant to land for growing field crops after the process of wound ash, after transplanting, cladding thickness is the humus soil of 1 ~ 1.5cm;
(5) field management:
1. weeding: after plantation, carries out intertill and clean tillage in 9 annual ~ October;
2. water: land for growing field crops surrounding arranges the drain ditch that the degree of depth is more than 35cm, avoids land for growing field crops ponding;
3. apply fertilizer: after transplanting land for growing field crops, apply farmyard manure in annual spring by 1500 ~ 2000 kilograms every mu;
4. top is plucked: every year after having the Yunnan Paris polyphylla plant exhibition leaf exhibition of reproductive organs to spend, spent the partial enucleation of portion except sepal, until gather;
(6) gather: transplant after 3 ~ 5 years, excavate after plant is withered, obtain ripe traditional Chinese medicine Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
2. the method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the height of pine forests is not less than 5m, and the vegetation overlay degree in forest land is 25% ~ 40%.
3. the method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), leave the drain ditch that width is 20 ~ 30cm between two adjacent moisture in the soil positions.
4. the method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the degree of depth that earth is turned over is 10 ~ 15cm, and the thickness of Nutrition Soil is 6cm, and the thickness of pine needle is 1cm, and the thickness of tree moss and bog moss is 3cm.
5. the method for artificial planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described Nutrition Soil, the content of farmyard manure accounts for 80%.
6. the cultivation method of Yunnan Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (4), during transplanting, spacing in the rows is 7 ~ 15 × 7 ~ 20cm.
7. the cultivation method of Yunnan Paris polyphylla according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (4), described land for growing field crops is provided with the sunshade net that the rate of sheltering from heat or light reaches 60 ~ 70%.
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| CN105210642A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-01-06 | 大理白族自治州农业科学推广研究院药用植物及农业新技术研究所 | Control Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis rhizome cutting propagation to infect and the method improving planting benefit |
| CN105340547A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-02-24 | 威宁县哲觉镇兴茂种养殖专业合作社 | Planting method for lilium pinifolium |
| CN105684708A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-06-22 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Method for interplanting traditional Chinese medicinal materials in karst area abandoned farmland in stereoscopic compound mode |
| CN105746118A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-13 | 云南农业大学 | Mode of cultivating paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis under purple soil coniferous forest |
| CN105850436A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 宁蒗沈氏滇重楼药材有限公司 | Cultivation method of Paris polyphylla |
| CN105918005A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-07 | 开县安德农业科技开发有限公司 | Paris polyphylla var Chinensis cultivation nutrient soil and cultivation method of Paris polyphylla |
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| CN106961977A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-07-21 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla low altitude area nursery High aititude implantation methods |
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| CN105210642A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-01-06 | 大理白族自治州农业科学推广研究院药用植物及农业新技术研究所 | Control Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis rhizome cutting propagation to infect and the method improving planting benefit |
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| CN105684708B (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2018-08-21 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | A method of in karst region, rejected reasons interplant Chinese medicine using three-dimensional composite mode |
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| CN108770621A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-09 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | A method of utilizing control root container culturing China Paris polyphylla |
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| CN109548611A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-02 | 德宏州林业科学技术推广站 | A kind of Birch hayashishita paris polyphylla high-yield planting method |
| CN111937702A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-17 | 昆明健格中药材种植有限公司 | Seedling raising method for paris polyphylla close to nature under conifer forest |
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