CN102217482A - Method for propagating camellia japonica quickly - Google Patents
Method for propagating camellia japonica quickly Download PDFInfo
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- CN102217482A CN102217482A CN2011101235570A CN201110123557A CN102217482A CN 102217482 A CN102217482 A CN 102217482A CN 2011101235570 A CN2011101235570 A CN 2011101235570A CN 201110123557 A CN201110123557 A CN 201110123557A CN 102217482 A CN102217482 A CN 102217482A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for propagating camellia japonica quickly, which comprises the following steps of: pruning branches of tea trees, and performing special processing; collecting cions of required varieties; and grafting, cutting and sealing tightly. Particularly, the method comprises the specific steps of: (1) collecting the branches; (2) collecting the cions; (3) grafting; (4) cutting; and (5) conveying the branches of the tea trees into a shed. The method has the advantages that: 1, the pruned branches of the wild tea trees can be grafted and cut immediately on the premise of protecting ecological resources, the branches, which are used as tree stocks, of the tea trees root, and the cions sprout buds within half a year and bloom in the second year, so the aim of shortening the marketing time by over 5 years is fulfilled under the condition of not taking 3 to 5 years for culturing the tree stocks into consideration; and 2, a section of pruned branch of the tea trees can root, sprout and bloom within two years by grafting and cutting; and the wild tea trees are not used as the tree stocks, so the populations of theaceae plants are protected effectively, ecology and society are facilitated, the cost is reduced, the economic benefit is improved, and the survival rate of cutting and grafting is over 85 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gardening, furthermore, relate to the breeding of camellia, relate in particular to method by grafting, cottage propagation camellia.
Background technology
Camellia is China's ecology, society, economic dual-purpose flowers, and camellia is again a large economy productivity in some provinces of China.Along with people to improving constantly that material and cultural life is pursued, have the universally acknowledged Camellia Cultivars of a Bowls, be many people's pursuit.The high-grade variety of China's camellia also can not be satisfied the demand far away.In the evolution of camellia,, can grow seedlings with cottage method, and flowering time took more than 6 years Sichuan and Fujian camellia.For the Dali tea in the universally acknowledged Yunnan camellia kind, Kowloon large meatball, boy's face, hate day high or the like kind and some external kinds, can only be with the method breeding of grafting.Took time 3～4 years but cultivate stock, 4～5 years just can be bloomed the ability sale in 8～9 years of total needs again after the grafting.Again because of the difficult point in the cuttage, can only be with the branch of giving birth to then during cuttage, this just causes the grafting can not be fast-developing, and is simultaneously time-consuming, MANAGEMENT YEAR limit for length's cost height.In order to reach the purpose of grafting camellia fast development, people begin to utilize wild tea tree to make stock and take wild tea tree in a large number, and can but do not think deeply giant tea tree survive.Yet there is the false current in 1～5 year in giant tea tree, the camellia of grafting in the false current of tea tree, and consequence is well imagined.Tea tree is a treasure in the universally acknowledged forest, dig up what big tree of coming of little tree? big tree is transplanted dead, and this loss is difficult to remedy.
People begin to pay attention to cultivation and the protection of tea tree in recent years, and some patented technology schemes are arisen at the historic moment.For example No. 200610051235.9 " method of bit teabush transplantation and survival ", No. 200610051234.4 " the big tree camellia of the many kinds of tree grafting methods ", No. 200710078032.3 " methods of fast-developing many kinds of tree camellia ", No. 200910098398.6 " a kind of methods of regenerating plant from camellia callus " etc.But the still unresolved camellia of these technology is the problem of breeding fast.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of quick breeding camellia, its cost is low, and listing is fast, and the survival rate height is simple to operate, saving of work and time, thus satisfy the demand of society.
For achieving the above object, the method that the inventor provides comprises: prune the giant tea tree branch, and handle; Gather required kind scion; Grafting, cuttage, tight tube sealing reason; Concrete way is: (1) gathers branch: prune branch from giant tea tree and make stock, with medicament and encapsulant are handled and are sealed the place of cutting off at two, pack to transport the cuttage place to; (2) gather scion: from the camellia elite stand of required kind, gather branch and do scion; (3) grafting: in the branch upper end as stock, straight from top to bottom partial application sees through cortex and directly goes into wooden implants; Again the lower end is whittled into the scion of wedge shape, is stained with medicament inserts stock after 1 second otch, carry out sealed tying up with plastic film tape; (4) cuttage: the good tea tree branch of grafting, after chemicals treatment, insert and be equipped with in advance among the colored Bowls of earth, every Bowls inserts 1～3 branch; (5) advance canopy: with medicament solution moves in the prior canopy with air-locked plastic film covering after the soil in the flower Bowls is irrigated, and manages with technological means.
The process of above-mentioned collection branch, the four seasons all can carry out, and described branch length as stock is 15cm; Described medicament is heteroauxin (IAA) solution; Described encapsulant is gastight plastic sack.
In the process of above-mentioned collection scion, the scion lower end of collection is whittled into wedge shape.
In the above-mentioned grafting process, don't work old branch, spray all can carry out throughout the year; The notch depth of described straight partial application is 1～1.5cm, and described medicament is a heteroauxin solution.
In each process of above-mentioned collection branch, scion and grafting, cuttage, institute's with medicament is a heteroauxin solution, used concentration is respectively: 1g converts 300ml water and is used to the branch of growing 4 years, and 1g converts 400ml water be used to the to grow branch of 2-3, and 1g converts 500ml water and is used to the branch of growing 1～2 year; Being stained with the medicine time was no more than for 1 second; Used concentration is that 1g converts 600ml water during grafting, and the drug concentration of the described Bowls of watering flowers is converted 20kg water for the 1g medicine.
Above-mentionedly advance in the canopy process, used technological means is: sealing, and strictness maintains the temperature at 25 ℃～35 ℃, and humidity forces long as early as possible root, germination 75%～85%; Described medicament is that mass fraction is 45% lime sulfur, uses the precious and short root of the plain taking root liquid of gardens care product nuclear energy of commercial goods state light root simultaneously, the plain strong root of application of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen and nuclear energy; State's light root treasured is converted 20ml water obtain solution by 1g, and the nuclear energy element is converted 50ml water obtain solution by 1g, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is converted the water ratio and do not limit.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
(1) under the prerequisite of protection ecological resources, realized pruning wild giant tea tree branch grafting immediately cuttage immediately.In half a year, be used for the long root of tea tree branch of stock, scion can be sent its 1～3 shoot, and height can reach 10～15cm; The listing of just can blooming in 1 year deducts the incubation time in 3～5 years of stock, reaches to shorten Time To Market more than 5 years;
(2) realized one section tea tree branch of clip, by grafting-cuttage, allow its long root, take out the tip, can bloom in 2 years comes into the market.Do not take wild tea tree and make stock, protected this population of plant of theaceae effectively.Help ecology, society simultaneously, reduce cost, increase economic efficiency.
Use the inventive method, after above-mentioned whole operation process was finished, cuttage and graft survival rate were more than 85%, and 6 years in advance time went on the market.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is trimmed to about 15cm for gathering branch, and Fig. 2 is the scion that is whittled into wedge shape, Fig. 3 is to be the interface of 1～1.5cm as cutting-in degree on the branch of stock, Fig. 4 is for tying up the cutting of sealing after the grafting, Fig. 5 goes into colored Bowls originally for the cutting cuttage, and Fig. 6 is for going out the branches and leaves that survive of canopy after half a year.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment
On wild giant tea tree, gather branch and---be cut into 1 trifle and---seal by chemicals treatment and joint filling material and---pack and transport the plantation place to---collection scion---grafting---management that cuttage---is advanced canopy---.Specific operation process is as follows:
(1) gathers the branch that is used for when stock: on wild giant tea tree, prune 1～4 year living branch, be cut into length 15cm trifle.With concentration is that the heteroauxin solution that 1g converts 300～500ml water is coated with truncated position, two, and carries out sealing just with joint filling material, and air-locked fluid-pressure moulding pocket airtight package of packing into transports the plantation place to;
(2) cut the collection branch as scion from required camellia elite stand, old branch, spray all can;
(3) grafting: from carrying out in the packages sealed case, take out the tea tree branch that is made for stock, from top 1cm straight partial application downwards, see through cortex cut wooden in, notch depth is 1～1.5cm, a kerf can be inserted the scion of 1～3 kind; Scion stays a leaf one bud for well, and face is respectively cut a cutter anyway in the scion lower end, is whittled into wedge shape, is stained with medicament and aims at the cambium of stock otch after one second and insert, and bind with plastic film strip and to reach sealing; Drug concentration is that 1g converts 600ml water;
(4) cuttage: the good tea tree branch of grafting inserted be equipped with earlier in the colored Bowls of earth, this inserts 1 branch every Bowls, and is that 1g converts the heteroauxin solution of 20kg water spending the interior soil of Bowls to irrigate with concentration;
(5) advance canopy: in the colored Bowls shift-in canopy that is inserted with cutting,, water once permeable in the canopy with air-locked film cover canopy; With mass fraction is that 45% lime sulfur thoroughly sprays in the canopy once, reaches that thorough elimination is red, white mould bacterial classification source; In canopy, put container dress water, canopy is implemented sealing, canopy is shaded with shading screen;
(6) management: canopy will keep sealing, 25 ℃～35 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75%～85%; Branch begins long root after one month, scion begins to take out young sprout, discharging concentration this moment and be 1g, to convert the precious and concentration of state's light root of 20ml water be the nuclear energy element taking root liquid that 1g converts 50ml water, discharging concentration afterwards again and be 1g, to convert the nuclear energy cellulose solution of 50ml water and mass fraction be 10% the strong root of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, goes out canopy after half a year and enter normal camellia management.
Claims (6)
1. quick method of breeding camellia, its feature comprises:: prune the giant tea tree branch, and carry out specially treated; Gather required kind scion; Grafting, cuttage, tight tube sealing reason; Concrete way is: (1) gathers branch: prune branch from giant tea tree and make stock, with medicament and encapsulant are handled and are sealed the place of cutting off at two, pack to transport the cuttage place to; (2) gather scion: from required camellia elite stand, gather branch and do scion; (3) grafting: as the branch of stock upper end, straight from top to bottom partial application, see through cortex directly go into wooden in; Again the lower end is whittled into the scion of wedge shape, is stained with medicament inserts stock after 1 second otch, carry out sealed tying up with plastic film tape; (4) cuttage: the good tea tree branch of grafting, after chemicals treatment, insert and be equipped with in advance among the colored Bowls of earth, every Bowls inserts 1～3 branch; (5) advance canopy: with medicament solution moves in the prior canopy with air-locked plastic film covering after the soil in the flower Bowls is irrigated, and manages with technological means.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the process of described collection branch, all can carry out throughout the year, and described branch length as stock is about 15cm; Described medicament is a heteroauxin solution; Described encapsulant is gastight plastic sack.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the process of described collection scion, and the scion lower end of collection is whittled into wedge shape.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the grafting process, and don't work old branch, spray all can carry out throughout the year; The notch depth of described straight partial application is 1～1.5cm, and described medicament is a heteroauxin solution.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in each process of described collection branch, scion and grafting, cuttage, institute's with medicament is a heteroauxin solution, used concentration is respectively: 1g converts 300ml water and is used to the branch of growing 4 years, 1g converts 400ml water be used to the to grow branch of 2-3, and 1g converts 500ml water and is used to the branch of growing 1～2 year; Being stained with the medicine time was no more than for 1 second; Used concentration is that 1g converts 600ml water during grafting, and the drug concentration of the described Bowls of watering flowers is converted 20kg water for the 1g medicine.
6. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that describedly advancing in the canopy process, and used technological means is: sealing, and strictness maintains the temperature at 25 ℃～35 ℃, and humidity forces long as early as possible root, germination 75%～85%; Described medicament is that mass fraction is 45% lime sulfur, uses the precious and short root of the plain taking root liquid of gardens care product nuclear energy of commercial goods state light root simultaneously, the plain strong root of application of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen and nuclear energy; State's light root treasured is converted 20ml water obtain solution by 1g, and the nuclear energy element is converted 50ml water obtain solution by 1g, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is converted the water ratio and do not limit.
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| CN102630445A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-15 | 常熟市滨江农业科技有限公司 | Method for regulating and adjusting flowering season of camellia flowers |
| CN102657014A (en) * | 2012-05-20 | 2012-09-12 | 何寒 | Method for raising golden camellia seedlings by cutting |
| CN102668900A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-19 | 句容美华园林景观发展有限公司 | Tilia miqueliana rapid breeding method |
| CN102668844A (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-19 | 句容美华园林景观发展有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method of magnolia liliiflora twigs |
| CN103314793A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-09-25 | 李雷 | Grafting method of homophytic multi-strain camellias |
| CN103329739A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-10-02 | 李雷 | Method for grafting saving of camellia tree plant with dead overground branches |
| CN103548581A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-05 | 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 | Synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method |
| CN103718835A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-16 | 广西南宁碧湾园林工程有限公司 | Cultivation method for increasing survival rate of camellias |
| CN104255306A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 郎溪县凌笪乡永辰茶叶种植家庭农场 | Quick camellia grafting method |
| CN104396481A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-03-11 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | Prunus cerasifera cutting rapid propagation method |
| CN104429448A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-03-25 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | Cuttage and rapid propagation method for camellias |
| CN104429628A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for shortening flowering stage of rubber tree hybridization parents |
| CN104885850A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-09-09 | 枞阳县弘阳园林绿化有限公司 | High-survival-rate camellia japonica seedling-raising method |
| CN105594573A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-25 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for shortening juvenile phase of potted commodity camellia flowers |
| CN105850481A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽省无为县鼎兴园艺有限责任公司 | Rapid rooting method for camellia in cuttage mode |
| CN105940971A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-21 | 厦门鲁班环境艺术工程有限公司 | Tea tree grafting method |
| CN106171468A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-07 | 万琳 | Flos Camelliae Japonicae nursery stock breeds the method that survival rate is high the hot summer days |
| CN106358922A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 广西御汇堂生物科技有限公司 | Cutting and grafting integrated method for oil-tea trees |
| CN106358920A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 广西御汇堂生物科技有限公司 | Cutting and grafting integrated method for oil-tea trees |
| CN106550845A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-04-05 | 贵州宏晨山茶花资源开发研究所 | A kind of method of breeding famous-object Flos Camelliae Japonicae |
| CN106818231A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-13 | 长沙县多彩农业科技有限公司 | A kind of camellia engrafting method for being easy to moulding |
| CN106962028A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-21 | 佛山市林业科学研究所 | Camellia cuttage grafting integration quick-breeding method |
| CN107371820A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-24 | 福建百卉花艺有限公司 | A kind of multi items camellia engrafting method |
| CN107466683A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-12-15 | 福建百卉花艺有限公司 | A kind of method for improving camellia graft survival rate |
| CN108934517A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-07 | 蒙建玲 | A kind of breeding method of white beef tea sapling |
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| CN114521407A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-24 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Grafting method of partridge tea seedlings |
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| CN106171468A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-07 | 万琳 | Flos Camelliae Japonicae nursery stock breeds the method that survival rate is high the hot summer days |
| CN106358922A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 广西御汇堂生物科技有限公司 | Cutting and grafting integrated method for oil-tea trees |
| CN106358920A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 广西御汇堂生物科技有限公司 | Cutting and grafting integrated method for oil-tea trees |
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| CN106962028B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-07-03 | 佛山市林业科学研究所 | Camellia cuttage grafting integrated rapid propagation method |
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