CN103548581A - Synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method - Google Patents
Synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548581A CN103548581A CN201310529618.2A CN201310529618A CN103548581A CN 103548581 A CN103548581 A CN 103548581A CN 201310529618 A CN201310529618 A CN 201310529618A CN 103548581 A CN103548581 A CN 103548581A
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- cuttage
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- american red
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method. The method comprises the following steps of picking and shearing current branches of acer rubrum and acer saccharinum in autumn, and preparing a cuttage bed for graftage and cuttage; cutting all cuttings below a graftage port into a matrix during cuttage, and filling water and building a small shed on the cuttage bed after the cuttage; performing management after the cuttage; controlling the internal temperature and humidity of the small shed after the cuttage; when the graftage notch is completely healed and adventitious roots cannot grow from the cuttings, removing the small shed covering the cuttage bed, and lightly slicing a graftage notch binding film through a blade; controlling the internal temperature and humidity of a greenhouse; when the rooting percentage reaches 95 percent and the germination rate is more than 85 percent, performing ventilation seedling exercising, and performing transplantation after seedling exercising for 7d. The method has the combined advantages of acer rubrum graftage and cuttage seedling-growing methods, overcomes the defects of the acer rubrum graftage and cuttage seedling-growing methods, is high in breeding survival coefficient, easy and convenient to operate, labor-saving in management and convenient to popularize, is an easy way of quickly breeding the acer rubrum on the premise of keeping the good characteristics of a mother plant, and plays an important role in industrial development, popularization and application of the acer rubrum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cuttage seedling raising method, specifically, relate to a kind of American red-maple and connect, insert synchronous seedling method, belong to plant propagation technical field.
Background technology
American red-maple formal name used at school red maple (
acer rubrum), world-famous ornamental plantation seeds, existing main breed is all the gardening new varieties that select after improvement or hybridization, and China introduces and show good kind in recent years has ' radiance in October ', ' sunset ', ' sun paddy ', ' red point ', ' new century ', ' autumn flame ', ' Red Guards ', ' autumn days is dreamlike ' etc.The American red-maple seed propagation coefficient of variation is large, and it is improved the breed to only have by vegetative propagation and could retain good characteristic.
At present, the method that the domestic breeding U.S. improves red maple mainly contains cultivation, cuttage, the three kinds of approach of grafting organized.
In realizing process of the present invention, inventor finds that prior art has the following disadvantages: tissue culture technique is strong, complicated operation is strict, and production cost is high, should not promote.Although cottage propagation technology is simple, majority is improved the breed, and cuttage root-taking is slow, the difficulty of taking root, and survival rate is generally below 50%; High to environmental requirement, management difficulty is large.Propagation by grafiting is comparatively feasible method, but needs breed rootstock in advance, and growing-seedling period is longer.There is scholar to adopt the way of cuttage after first grafting to other difficulty nursery stock that takes root, being about to need breeding nursery stock to shift to an earlier date grafting is easily taking root on stock, the way of carrying out again cuttage after to be grafted surviving has realized the object that improves cuttage survival rate, but the oversize shortcoming of growing-seedling period does not overcome, in American red-maple is grown seedlings production, also nobody uses.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above problem, provide a kind of American red-maple to connect, insert synchronous seedling method, overcome existing seedling method complicated operation, the cycle is long, survival rate is low defect, adopted after the synchronous seedling method of the present invention, have advantages of easy to operate, the cycle is short, survival rate is high.
For overcoming the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of American red-maple connects, inserts synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: described synchronous seedling method comprises the following steps:
(1) deposit scion and cuttings: after fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple and the husky deposit of hiding of silvery white maple current-year branch;
(2) prepare slotting machine: cuttage facility is selected day-light greenhouse, early Febuary in next year overlay film button canopy, in canopy, prepare slotting machine, rice husk is laid in slotting machine bottom, top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, after using the mould clever solution of evil to slotting machine sterilization, and surface coating;
(3) grafting and cuttage: late Febuary is soaked 6～10h by deposit branch in step (1) with clear water.Choose silvery white maple branch mid portion and cut into shortly, every section of 8～10cm, erases anvil bud, grafting American red-maple, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan, use ABT1 root-growing agent speed to be stained with cuttings bottom; During cuttage, the following cuttings of grafting mouth is all inserted in matrix, pours water and on slotting machine, build little shed after cuttage;
(4) insert rear management: after cuttage, keeping little arch temperature of shed is 15～25 ℃, and humidity is 75～90%; When interface heals and when cuttings bears adventive root completely, the less shed that will cover slotting machine removes, and scratches gently grafting mouth colligation film with blade; Controlling canopy temperature is 15～30 ℃, and controlled humidity remains on more than 70%; When rooting rate reach 95% and germination rate reach 85% when above, ventilation hardening, hardening 7d transplants.
, in described step (1), silvery white maple branch thick is 0.4～0.8cm.
Another kind of prioritization scheme, in described step (2), slotting machine covers black mulch film.
Another prioritization scheme, in described step (3), is used the method grafting American red-maple that pastes bud with xylem.
Cuttage silvery white maple the American red-maple of grafting simultaneously in greenhouse by solar heat, grafting and cuttage are carried out the same period, management by synchronization, and temperature, humidity are carried out to the economic benefits and social benefits control same period, have not only improved survival rate, also greatly shortened American red-maple growing-seedling period, had advantages of that cuttage easily takes root, survives well.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the following advantages: silvery white maple (
acer saccharinun) as the plant of the same genus of American red-maple, be used as American red-maple graft stock affinity good;
Adopt the method for the invention to breed American red-maple, can retain the merit of maternal plant, can shorten breeding cycle again, reduce costs, increase the benefit.
Seedling-cultivating method planting environment of the present invention has met grafting and the required conditions of growth and development of cuttage two links simultaneously, has realized and has connect, inserts ' integrated ' pattern, connects, inserts neat control, management by synchronization, and simultaneous completion, simple to operation, be applicable to promoting.
The cuttage seedling raising method that seedling-cultivating method of the present invention is single with American red-maple is compared, and through test, survival rate improves more than 30%, overcome American red-maple cuttage root-taking slowly, the difficult deficiency of taking root; Compare with single graft seedling growth, shortened growing-seedling period, manage easier, saving labour.Compare with tissue culture method, overcome group and trained the shortcoming that investment is large, cost is high, difficulty is grasped, difficulty is promoted.
In sum: this seedling-cultivating method of the present invention had both combined the advantage of American red-maple grafting, cuttage seedling raising method, overcome again the deficiency of the two, breeding survive coefficient high, easy and simple to handle, manage laborsaving, good popularization.A shortcut of fast breeding American red-maple under the prerequisite that keeps maternal plant good characteristic, to American red-maple industrialized development and apply significant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described:
Embodiment 1, and a kind of American red-maple connects, inserts synchronous seedling method, comprises the following steps:
After fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple ' October brilliant ' and the husky deposit of hiding of silvery white maple current-year branch, require healthy and strong anosis worm, bud full substantial, rugosity is between 0.4～0.8cm.Early Febuary in next year selects cuttage to carry out overlay film button canopy with day-light greenhouse, prepares slotting machine in canopy.The thick rice husk of 5cm is laid in slotting machine bottom, and top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, and its volume proportion is 3:2, and thickness is 25cm.After using the mould clever 2000 times of solution of evil to slotting machine sterilization, black mulch film is covered on surface.For making cuttage soil temperature reach the requirement of taking root, after 15d, be late Febuary to carry out grafting, cuttage.First will lay in branch and soak 10h with clear water, and choose silvery white maple branch mid portion and cut into shortly, every section of 8～10cm, erases anvil bud, is using the method grafting ' October is brilliant ' of pasting bud with xylem apart from upper cut 1cm place, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan.Use ABT1 root-growing agent 1000ppm liquid speed to be stained with cuttings bottom 20s.First with waddy, at slotting machine, punch, in case mulch film adheres to cuttings, the cuttings of then grafting being handled well is inserted in matrix, and the cuttage degree of depth, to grafting mouth, has been inserted furrow and watered immediately, builds the little shed of plastics after pouring water on slotting machine.Keeping little arch temperature of shed is 15～25 ℃, and humidity is 75～90%.25d left and right interface heals completely, and cuttings bears adventive root simultaneously, now the little shed that covers slotting machine is removed, and is scratched gently grafting mouth colligation film with blade.Canopy temperature remains on 15～30 ℃, according to humidity situation, determines water spray number of times, and humidity is remained on more than 70%.After 60d, rooting rate reaches 95.8%, and germination rate reaches 86.6%, and the hardening of ventilating in time, transplants after hardening 7d, uses Routine Management, and transplanting survival rate reaches 92.5%.
Embodiment 2, and a kind of American red-maple connects, inserts synchronous seedling method, comprises the following steps:
After fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut the husky deposit of hiding of American red-maple ' sun paddy ' and silvery white maple current-year branch, require healthy and strong anosis worm, bud is full enriches, rugosity is between 0.4～0.8cm.Early Febuary in next year selects cuttage to carry out overlay film button canopy with day-light greenhouse, prepares slotting machine in canopy.The thick rice husk of 5cm is laid in slotting machine bottom, and top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, and its volume proportion is 3:2, and thickness is 25cm.After using the mould clever 2000 times of solution of evil to slotting machine sterilization, black mulch film is covered on surface.After 15d, be late Febuary to carry out grafting, cuttage.First the branch of having laid in is soaked to 8h with clear water, choose silvery white maple branch mid portion and cut into shortly, every section of 8～10cm, erases anvil bud, is using the method grafting ' sun paddy ' of pasting bud with xylem apart from upper cut 1cm place, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan.Use ABT1 root-growing agent 1000ppm liquid speed to be stained with cuttings bottom 20s.First with waddy, at slotting machine, punch, in case mulch film adheres to cuttings, the cuttings of then grafting being handled well is inserted in matrix, and the cuttage degree of depth, to grafting mouth, has been inserted immediately and watered, and builds the little shed of plastics after pouring water on slotting machine.Keeping little arch temperature of shed is 15～25 ℃, and humidity is 75～90%.25d left and right interface heals completely, and cuttings bears adventive root simultaneously, now the little shed that covers slotting machine is removed, and is scratched gently grafting mouth colligation film with blade.Canopy temperature remains on 15～30 ℃, according to humidity situation, determines water spray number of times, and humidity is remained on more than 70%.After 60d, rooting rate reaches 96.1%, and germination rate reaches 88.3%, and the hardening of ventilating in time, transplants after hardening 7d, uses Routine Management, and transplanting survival rate reaches 91.6%.
Be more than to take American red-maple Representative Cultivars ' October brilliant ', ' sun paddy ' to disclose the present invention as embodiment, other kind can adopt above method equally.
Finally it should be noted that: the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. American red-maple connects, inserts a synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: described synchronous seedling method comprises the following steps:
(1) deposit scion and cuttings: after fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple and the husky deposit of hiding of silvery white maple current-year branch;
(2) prepare slotting machine: cuttage facility is selected day-light greenhouse, early Febuary in next year overlay film button canopy, in canopy, prepare slotting machine, rice husk is laid in slotting machine bottom, top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, after using the mould clever solution of evil to slotting machine sterilization, and surface coating;
(3) grafting and cuttage: late Febuary is soaked 6～10h by deposit branch in step (1) with clear water;
Choose silvery white maple branch mid portion and cut into shortly, every section of 8～10cm, erases anvil bud, grafting American red-maple, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan, use ABT1 root-growing agent speed to be stained with cuttings bottom; During cuttage, the following cuttings of grafting mouth is all inserted in matrix, pours water and on slotting machine, build little shed after cuttage;
(4) insert rear management: after cuttage, keeping little arch temperature of shed is 15～25 ℃, and humidity is 75～90%; When interface heals and when cuttings bears adventive root completely, the less shed that will cover slotting machine removes, and scratches gently grafting mouth colligation film with blade; Controlling canopy temperature is 15～30 ℃, and controlled humidity remains on more than 70%; When rooting rate reach 95% and germination rate reach 85% when above, ventilation hardening, hardening 7d transplants.
2. American red-maple according to claim 1 connects, inserts synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), silvery white maple branch thick is 0.4～0.8cm.
3. American red-maple according to claim 1 connects, inserts synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), slotting machine covers black mulch film.
4. American red-maple according to claim 1 connects, inserts synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), use the method grafting American red-maple that pastes bud with xylem.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104221699A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2014-12-24 | 临沂云岭农业开发有限公司 | Acer rubrum cultivation and management technology |
| CN104969746A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-14 | 广德月亮湾农林生态开发有限公司 | Field planting method for improving gorgeous degree of American red maple leaves |
| CN105265137A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-01-27 | 山东地佑晟苗木有限公司 | American red maple cutting method |
| CN105284316A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏圣宏农业科技有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of American maples |
| CN105613193A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Method for breeding Acer rubrum 'Autumn Fantasy' from Acer rubrum 'Autumn Blaze' cutting seedlings by bud grafting |
| CN106489550A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 山东旺盛园林股份有限公司 | A kind of Chinese catalpa fast breeding method of grafting-cuttage unification |
| CN109197193A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 潍坊职业学院 | A kind of method of U.S.'s autumn flame Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' rapid cuttage breeding |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284316A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏圣宏农业科技有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of American maples |
| CN104221699A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2014-12-24 | 临沂云岭农业开发有限公司 | Acer rubrum cultivation and management technology |
| CN104221699B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-06-08 | 临沂云岭农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivation management technology of American red-maple |
| CN105265137A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-01-27 | 山东地佑晟苗木有限公司 | American red maple cutting method |
| CN104969746A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-14 | 广德月亮湾农林生态开发有限公司 | Field planting method for improving gorgeous degree of American red maple leaves |
| CN105613193A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Method for breeding Acer rubrum 'Autumn Fantasy' from Acer rubrum 'Autumn Blaze' cutting seedlings by bud grafting |
| CN105613193B (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2018-07-17 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | The method for connecing breeding North America Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' autumn days illusion with autumn flame cuttage seeding bud |
| CN106489550A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-15 | 山东旺盛园林股份有限公司 | A kind of Chinese catalpa fast breeding method of grafting-cuttage unification |
| CN109197193A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 潍坊职业学院 | A kind of method of U.S.'s autumn flame Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' rapid cuttage breeding |
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