CN103548581B - Synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method - Google Patents
Synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548581B CN103548581B CN201310529618.2A CN201310529618A CN103548581B CN 103548581 B CN103548581 B CN 103548581B CN 201310529618 A CN201310529618 A CN 201310529618A CN 103548581 B CN103548581 B CN 103548581B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous acer rubrum graftage/cuttage seedling-breeding method. The method comprises the following steps of picking and shearing current branches of acer rubrum and acer saccharinum in autumn, and preparing a cuttage bed for graftage and cuttage; cutting all cuttings below a graftage port into a matrix during cuttage, and filling water and building a small shed on the cuttage bed after the cuttage; performing management after the cuttage; controlling the internal temperature and humidity of the small shed after the cuttage; when the graftage notch is completely healed and adventitious roots cannot grow from the cuttings, removing the small shed covering the cuttage bed, and lightly slicing a graftage notch binding film through a blade; controlling the internal temperature and humidity of a greenhouse; when the rooting percentage reaches 95 percent and the germination rate is more than 85 percent, performing ventilation seedling exercising, and performing transplantation after seedling exercising for 7d. The method has the combined advantages of acer rubrum graftage and cuttage seedling-growing methods, overcomes the defects of the acer rubrum graftage and cuttage seedling-growing methods, is high in breeding survival coefficient, easy and convenient to operate, labor-saving in management and convenient to popularize, is an easy way of quickly breeding the acer rubrum on the premise of keeping the good characteristics of a mother plant, and plays an important role in industrial development, popularization and application of the acer rubrum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cuttage seedling raising method, specifically, relate to a kind of American red-maple and connect, insert synchronous seedling method, belong to technical field of plant propagation.
Background technology
American red-maple formal name used at school red maple (
acer rubrum), world-famous ornamental plantation seeds, the gardening new varieties that existing main breed selects after being all through improvement or hybridization, China introduces and shows excellent kind in recent years ' radiance in October ', ' sunset ', ' sun paddy ', ' red point ', ' new century ', ' autumn flame ', ' Red Guards ', ' illusion on autumn days ' etc.The American red-maple seed propagation coefficient of variation is large, and it is improved the breed to only have and could retain good characteristic by vegetative propagation.
At present, the method that the domestic breeding U.S. improves red maple mainly contains tissue cultures, cuttage, grafting three kinds of approach.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that prior art has the following disadvantages: tissue culture technique is strong, complicated operation is strict, and production cost is high, should not promote.Although cottage propagation technology is simple, majority is improved the breed, and cuttage root-taking is slow, difficulty of taking root, and survival rate is generally below 50%; High to environmental requirement, management difficulty is large.Propagation by grafiting is comparatively feasible method, but need shift to an earlier date breed rootstock, and growing-seedling period is longer.Scholar is had to adopt the way of cuttage after first grafting to other difficulty nursery stock that takes root, be about to breed nursery stock shift to an earlier date grafting and easily taking root on stock, to be grafted survive after carry out cuttage again way achieve the object improving cuttage survival rate, but the oversize shortcoming of growing-seedling period does not overcome, in American red-maple nursery is produced, also nobody uses.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above problem, there is provided a kind of American red-maple to connect, insert synchronous seedling method, overcome existing seedling method complicated operation, the cycle is long, survival rate is low defect, after adopting the synchronous seedling method of the present invention, there is easy to operate, that the cycle is short, survival rate is high advantage.
For overcoming the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of American red-maple connects, insert synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: described synchronous seedling method comprises the following steps:
(1) lay in scion and cuttings: after fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple and silvery white maple current-year branch sand Tibetan deposit;
(2) prepare slotting machine: cuttage facility selects day-light greenhouse, early Febuary in next year overlay film button canopy, in canopy, prepare slotting machine, rice husk is laid bottom slotting machine, top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, uses and dislikes mould clever solution to after slotting machine sterilization, surface coating;
(3) grafting and cuttage: late Febuary soaks 6 ~ 10h by laying in branch clear water in step (1).Choosing silvery white maple branch mid portion cuts into short, and every section of 8 ~ 10cm, erases anvil bud, grafting American red-maple, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan, uses ABT1 root-growing agent speed to be stained with bottom cuttings; During cuttage, the following cuttings of grafting mouth is all inserted in matrix, pours water and build Small plastic shed after cuttage on slotting machine;
(4) management after inserting: keep temperature in Small plastic shed to be 15 ~ 25 DEG C after cuttage, humidity is 75 ~ 90%; When interface heals completely and cuttings bears adventive root, then the Small plastic shed covering slotting machine is removed, and scratch grafting mouth colligation film gently with blade; Controlling canopy temperature is 15 ~ 30 DEG C, and controlled humidity remains on more than 70%; When rooting rate reaches 95% and germination rate reaches more than 85%, ventilation hardening, hardening 7d transplants.
A kind of prioritization scheme, in described step (1), silvery white maple branch thick is 0.4 ~ 0.8cm.
Another kind of prioritization scheme, in described step (2), slotting machine covers black mulch film.
Another prioritization scheme, in described step (3), uses band xylem to paste the method grafting American red-maple of bud.
The cuttage silvery white maple also American red-maple of grafting simultaneously in greenhouse by solar heat, grafting and cuttage are carried out the same period, management by synchronization, carry out the economic benefits and social benefits control same period, not only increase survival rate to epidemic disaster, also substantially reduce American red-maple growing-seedling period, there is the advantage that cuttage is easily taken root, survived well.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the following advantages: silvery white maple (
acer saccharinun) as the plant of the same genus of American red-maple, good as American red-maple graft stock affinity;
Adopt the method for the invention to breed American red-maple, the merit of maternal plant can be retained, can breeding cycle be shortened again, reduce costs, increase the benefit.
Seedling-cultivating method planting environment of the present invention meets grafting and the conditions of growth and development needed for cuttage two link simultaneously, achieves to connect, insert ' integration ' pattern, connects, inserts neat control, management by synchronization, simultaneous completion, simple to operation, is applicable to popularization.
Compared with the cuttage seedling raising method that seedling-cultivating method of the present invention is single with American red-maple, through test, survival rate improves more than 30%, overcomes that American red-maple cuttage root-taking is slow, difficult deficiency of taking root; Compared with single graft seedling growth, shorten growing-seedling period, manage easier, saving labour.Compared with tissue culture method, overcome group and train the shortcoming that investment is large, cost is high, difficulty is grasped, difficulty is promoted.
In sum: this seedling-cultivating method of the present invention had both combined the advantage of American red-maple grafting, cuttage seedling raising method, overcame again the deficiency of the two, breeding survive coefficient high, easy and simple to handle, manage laborsaving, good popularization.A shortcut of fast breeding American red-maple under the prerequisite keeping maternal plant good characteristic, to American red-maple industrialized development and apply significant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described:
Embodiment 1, a kind of American red-maple connects, insert synchronous seedling method, comprises the following steps:
After fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple ' October brilliant ' and silvery white maple current-year branch sand hides deposit, require healthy and strong anosis worm, bud full substantial, rugosity is between 0.4 ~ 0.8cm.Early Febuary in next year selects cuttage day-light greenhouse to carry out overlay film button canopy, in canopy, prepare slotting machine.Lay the thick rice husk of 5cm bottom slotting machine, top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, and its volume proportion is 3:2, and thickness is 25cm.Use and dislike mould clever 2000 times of solution to after slotting machine sterilization, black mulch film is covered on surface.For making cuttage soil temperature reach requirement of taking root, after 15d, namely late Febuary carries out grafting, cuttage.First deposit branch clear water is soaked 10h, choose silvery white maple branch mid portion and cut into short, every section of 8 ~ 10cm, erases anvil bud, the method grafting ' October is brilliant ' using band xylem to paste bud apart from upper cut 1cm place, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan.ABT1 root-growing agent 1000ppm liquid speed is used to be stained with 20s bottom cuttings.First punch at slotting machine with waddy, in case mulch film attachment cuttings, the cuttings then grafting handled well is inserted in matrix, and the cuttage degree of depth, to grafting mouth, has been inserted furrow and watered immediately, built plastics Small plastic shed after pouring water on slotting machine.Keep temperature in Small plastic shed to be 15 ~ 25 DEG C, humidity is 75 ~ 90%.About 25d interface heals completely, and cuttings bears adventive root simultaneously, is now removed by the Small plastic shed covering slotting machine, and scratches grafting mouth colligation film gently with blade.Canopy temperature remains on 15 ~ 30 DEG C, determines water spray number of times, humidity is remained on more than 70% according to humidity condition.After 60d, rooting rate reaches 95.8%, and germination rate reaches 86.6%, and hardening of ventilating in time, transplants after hardening 7d, and use Routine Management, transplanting survival rate reaches 92.5%.
Embodiment 2, a kind of American red-maple connects, insert synchronous seedling method, comprises the following steps:
After fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple ' sun paddy ' and silvery white maple current-year branch sand hides deposit, require that healthy and strong anosis worm, bud are full and enrich, rugosity is between 0.4 ~ 0.8cm.Early Febuary in next year selects cuttage day-light greenhouse to carry out overlay film button canopy, in canopy, prepare slotting machine.Lay the thick rice husk of 5cm bottom slotting machine, top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, and its volume proportion is 3:2, and thickness is 25cm.Use and dislike mould clever 2000 times of solution to after slotting machine sterilization, black mulch film is covered on surface.After 15d, namely late Febuary carries out grafting, cuttage.First the branch clear water laid in is soaked 8h, choose silvery white maple branch mid portion and cut into short, every section of 8 ~ 10cm, erases anvil bud, the method grafting ' sun paddy ' using band xylem to paste bud apart from upper cut 1cm place, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan.ABT1 root-growing agent 1000ppm liquid speed is used to be stained with 20s bottom cuttings.First punch at slotting machine with waddy, in case mulch film attachment cuttings, the cuttings then grafting handled well is inserted in matrix, and the cuttage degree of depth, to grafting mouth, has been inserted and watered immediately, builds plastics Small plastic shed after pouring water on slotting machine.Keep temperature in Small plastic shed to be 15 ~ 25 DEG C, humidity is 75 ~ 90%.About 25d interface heals completely, and cuttings bears adventive root simultaneously, is now removed by the Small plastic shed covering slotting machine, and scratches grafting mouth colligation film gently with blade.Canopy temperature remains on 15 ~ 30 DEG C, determines water spray number of times, humidity is remained on more than 70% according to humidity condition.After 60d, rooting rate reaches 96.1%, and germination rate reaches 88.3%, and hardening of ventilating in time, transplants after hardening 7d, and use Routine Management, transplanting survival rate reaches 91.6%.
Be more than disclose the present invention with American red-maple Representative Cultivars ' October brilliant ', ' sun paddy ' for embodiment, other kind can adopt above method equally.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. American red-maple connects, inserts a synchronous seedling method, it is characterized in that: described synchronous seedling method comprises the following steps:
(1) lay in scion and cuttings: after fall foliage, adopt respectively and cut American red-maple and silvery white maple current-year branch sand Tibetan deposit;
(2) prepare slotting machine: cuttage facility selects day-light greenhouse, early Febuary in next year overlay film button canopy, in canopy, prepare slotting machine, rice husk is laid bottom slotting machine, top adopts washing river sand and vermiculite mixed-matrix, uses and dislikes mould clever solution to after slotting machine sterilization, surface coating;
(3) grafting and cuttage: late Febuary soaks 6 ~ 10h by laying in branch clear water in step (1); Choosing silvery white maple branch mid portion cuts into short, and every section of 8 ~ 10cm, erases anvil bud, grafting American red-maple, and by upper cut in the lump Bao Yan, uses ABT1 root-growing agent speed to be stained with bottom cuttings; During cuttage, the following cuttings of grafting mouth is all inserted in matrix, pours water and build Small plastic shed after cuttage on slotting machine;
(4) management after inserting: keep temperature in Small plastic shed to be 15 ~ 25 DEG C after cuttage, humidity is 75 ~ 90%; When interface heals completely and cuttings bears adventive root, then the Small plastic shed covering slotting machine is removed, and scratch grafting mouth colligation film gently with blade; Controlling canopy temperature is 15 ~ 30 DEG C, and controlled humidity remains on more than 70%; When rooting rate reaches 95% and germination rate reaches more than 85%, ventilation hardening, hardening 7d transplants;
In described step (1), silvery white maple branch thick is 0.4 ~ 0.8cm;
In described step (2), slotting machine covers black mulch film;
In described step (3), band xylem is used to paste the method grafting American red-maple of bud.
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| CN105284316A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏圣宏农业科技有限公司 | Cutting propagation method of American maples |
| CN104221699B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-06-08 | 临沂云岭农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivation management technology of American red-maple |
| CN105265137B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2017-10-20 | 山东地佑晟苗木有限公司 | A kind of cottage method of American red-maple |
| CN104969746A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-14 | 广德月亮湾农林生态开发有限公司 | Field planting method for improving gorgeous degree of American red maple leaves |
| CN105613193B (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2018-07-17 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | The method for connecing breeding North America Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' autumn days illusion with autumn flame cuttage seeding bud |
| CN106489550B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2020-01-03 | 山东旺盛园林股份有限公司 | Rapid catalpa bungei cultivation method integrating grafting and cuttage |
| CN109197193A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-15 | 潍坊职业学院 | A kind of method of U.S.'s autumn flame Acer palmatum ' Atropurpureum' rapid cuttage breeding |
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| CN102007863B (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-23 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Cherry root stock cutting and grafting method |
| CN102217482B (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-10-09 | 贵州宏晨山茶花资源开发研究所 | Method for propagating camellia japonica quickly |
| CN102783353B (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-08-14 | 曹帮华 | Method for grafting, cutting and fast propagating Chinese white poplar twig |
| CN103210762A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-07-24 | 江西金乔园林有限公司 | Quick propagation method of Chinese rose |
| CN103168607A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 邵东县古奇洞玫瑰开发有限公司 | Germchit grafting and breeding technology for southern medicinal roses |
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