CN104285752A - Cultivation method for potted egg fruits - Google Patents
Cultivation method for potted egg fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285752A CN104285752A CN201410554287.2A CN201410554287A CN104285752A CN 104285752 A CN104285752 A CN 104285752A CN 201410554287 A CN201410554287 A CN 201410554287A CN 104285752 A CN104285752 A CN 104285752A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivation method for potted egg fruits. The cultivation method mainly includes selecting grafted egg fruit seedlings of 1-3 years old, trimming and potting the grafted seedlings, and performing shading, fertilizing, insect prevention, dwarfing, modeling, blossoming promotion, fruit retention and the like after potting to enable the potted egg fruits to have ideal fruiting shapes. The cultivation method for the potted egg fruits is simple to operate and low in cost, the problem of low fruiting rate of egg fruits is solved, and the potted egg fruits are attractive in appearance and have high ornamental value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method that a planting fruit-trees is potted plant, be specifically related to the breeding method that a kind of eggfruit is potted plant.
Background technology
Eggfruit is tropical fruit (tree) emerging in recent years, and it has anti-season, and fruit shape is attractive in appearance various, the features such as mouthfeel is unique, nutritious, can be processed into jam, cream, beverage, fruit wine etc., be well received by consumers, wide market, is applicable to the cultivation at vast plantation family.As potted fruit tree, it has certain advantage, and its fruit is class peento shape, and ripening fruits is golden yellow, can increase celebrating atmosphere, and its maturing stage is to late January in 11 months, and between the Christmas Day in west and the Spring Festival of China, potted plant market is boundless for early stage; But eggfruit lacks excellent pot variety, eggfruit was nourished and grown prosperous summer and autumn simultaneously, was difficult to control shoot moulding, and physiological fallen fruit phenomenon is serious, and these unfavorable factors constrain the development of the potted plant industry of eggfruit.In recent years; people constantly study the dwarfing culture technology of eggfruit and flower and fruit protecting skill to improve the potted plant ornamental value of eggfruit; as tropical crop meteorological experiment station, Zhangzhou City of Fujian Province adopts agriculture gas technology to carry out the potted plant cultivation of eggfruit; facilitate potted plant effectively the bearing fruit of eggfruit; but this technology needs harsh temperature and humidity control technology, and production cost is high, and potted plant fruit bearing rate is only up to 50%; the amount of bearing fruit is few, is not suitable for promoting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the potted plant high cost of eggfruit, moulding is not good, fruit bearing rate is a low difficult problem, the breeding method that a kind of eggfruit is potted plant is provided.
The present invention realizes in the following way:
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the raw healthy and strong eggfruit grafting of 1-3 as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: the Potted orchard of select carries out lopping at grafting mouth above 5-10 cm place, each young plant retains 2-3 branch.Retain the pruning moulding that less branch is conducive to the later stage, and the survival rate after transplanting can be improved;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 4 months, the Potted orchard handled well is moved in tree planting bag, fill up Nutrition Soil and compacting, water permeable, under being positioned over shade;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September.Sheltering from heat or light of First Year prevents the sapling Yin Gaowen newly going up basin be exposed to the sun and wither, and sheltering from heat or light of Second Year is to prevent flower abscission and fruit from burning;
Fertilising: early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively use nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer and K-rich organic fertilizer 1 time, and each consumption of every basin is nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer 30-50 g, K-rich organic fertilizer 100-150g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 30-50 g.The present invention's nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer used is 45% total oxygen content potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer, and K-rich organic fertilizer used is 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers, and Gao Jia type composite fertilizer used is 13-6-24 type.In the fertilising of young sprout sprouting period, the growth of young sprout can be promoted, prevent malnutrition from causing tree-like not good;
Insect protected: periodically sprinkle 1500-2000 first dimension chlopyrifos doubly, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to the daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 40-50 ppm, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten the 25-50% of shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, mould, during moulding, it is 3-4 level that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, the branch that each branch every grade young sprout stays 2-3 bar outside, stays 3-4 wheel blade, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts 4-6 cm out and start to wipe out.Potted plant suitable size after pruning, handsome in appearance;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 1-2 time, the each consumption of every basin is 40-60g, squaring period, every 7-10 days sprayed potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 time of the boron fertilizer of 0.04%-0.06% and 0.1%-0.3%, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 1-2 time at root, and each consumption of every basin is 50-80g, often within 10-15 days, sprays 1000-1500 inorganic nutrients type foliage fertilizer doubly 1 time simultaneously.The present invention is short spends stage foliage fertilizer used to be lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer, in this foliage fertilizer, the nutrient content such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element is higher, for crop provides various nutritive element, improve the nutrition condition of crop, potted plant flowering rate after short flower process significantly improves, and flower obscission obviously reduces;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit reaches diameter 0.5-1.0cm, within every 15 days, use punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 2-3 time, fruit expanding period every 15-20 days uses Gao Jia type composite fertilizer 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 30-50 g, every 7-10 days sprays 1500-2500 times of biotype foliage fertilizer 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1000-2000 times of drop-proof agent 1-2 time, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first with desinsection, bactericide, fruit is sprayed comprehensively before bagging, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.The fruit retention stage of the present invention, Gao Jia type used composite fertilizer was 13-6-24 type, foliage fertilizer used is micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizer, the material that this foliage fertilizer has coordinate plant growth to grow containing growth hormone, steroids etc., regulation and control crop growth, antifungal genes in effective activation plant body, desinsection used, bactericide be pollution-free food allow use.Prevent virus from contaminating and spreading, cut off viral life biological chain, the potted plant fruit bearing rate after fruit retention process reaches more than 85%, and completely filled fruit, beautiful in colour, ornamental value is high.
Further preferred, described Nutrition Soil comprises 3 parts of orchard soils or pond sludge, 2 parts of decay sheep excrements or peanut press pulp cake fertilizer and 1 part of sand.The middle sand of the present invention's sand used to be particle diameter be 0.35-0.5mm.
Further preferred, described decay sheep excrement by content be the sheep excrement of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% urea mix retting and form to fully becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Further preferred, described in become thoroughly decomposed peanut press pulp cake fertilizer by content be the peanut press pulp cake fertilizer of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% bone meal mix retting and form to fully becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Preferred further, described drop-proof agent is compound 1%AC drop-proof agent.
Preferred further, described daminozide is the daminozide of content 95%.
Preferred further, described fruit bag is black two-layer compound wet strength paper sack in outer Huang.
Preferred further, shade height is 1.8-2.0 m, and shade density is 50%-75%.
Preferred further, the kind of eggfruit used is No. 1, the peach of immortality or No. 2, the peach of immortality of Guangxi South Asian Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute's seed selection.
Preferred further, described tree planting bag specification is 35 cm*30 cm-40 cm*35 cm.
Nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer in the present invention, K-rich organic fertilizer, first dimension chlopyrifos, phosphorus potash fertilizer, boron fertilizer, inorganic nutrients type foliage fertilizer, biotype foliage fertilizer, punching fertilising, moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer, drop-proof agent and desinsection, bactericide all can commercially obtain.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. use dissimilar foliage fertilizer for short flower and fruit retention stage, effectively improve potted plant flowering rate, reduce flower and depart from, promote fruit development, prevent virus from contaminating and spreading, make potted plant fruit bearing rate reach more than 85%.
2. No. 1, the eggfruit peach of immortality selected, No. 2, the peach of immortality are through the improved seeds of seed selection, and survival rate is high, strong stress resistance, fruit bearing rate are high.
3. pair potted plant process of sheltering from heat or light, can prevent hot weather to potted plant infringement, improves potted plant survival rate and fruit bearing rate of blooming.
4. utilize that tree planting bag replaces traditional porcelain basin, earthen basin carries out potted plant growth, enhance gas permeability and water penetration, be beneficial to the growth of eggfruit, tree planting bag is cheap simultaneously, is beneficial to attenuating production cost.
5. Nutrition Soil collocation used is reasonable, nutritious, be conducive to improving potted plant survival rate and promoting potted plant growth, and nutritive soil preparation is simple, with low cost, is beneficial to a large amount of use.
6. process potted plant with daminozide, the growth of terminal bud and branch can be suppressed, shorten the 25-50% of shoot growth amount, reach potted dwarf, be beneficial to the object of moulding.
7. the potted plant height cultivated is suitable for, and handsome in appearance, fruit bearing rate is high, and completely filled fruit and beautiful in colour has splendid appreciation effect.
8. the inventive method is simple, and with low cost, market prospects are good, the plantation of suitable wide farmers.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but do not limit the scope of the invention and range of application.
embodiment 1
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the healthy and strong peach of immortality No. 1 eggfruit grafting of 100 strain life in 1 year as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: Potted orchard 5 cm places more than grafting mouth of select carry out lopping, make each young plant retain 3 branches;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 2012 4 months, 1 year that handles well raw Potted orchard being moved into specification is in the medium-sized tree planting bag of 35 cm*30 cm, Nutrition Soil is filled up and compacting in tree planting bag, water permeable, under being positioned over shade, described Nutrition Soil is by 3 parts of orchard soils, husky composition in 2 parts of peanut press pulp cake fertilizer and 1 part, described peanut press pulp cake fertilizer by 75% peanut press pulp cake fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and the bone meal mixing retting of 5% form to fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, , described Nutrition Soil is by 3 parts of pond sludge, 2 parts of decay sheep excrements and 1 part of sand composition, described decay sheep excrement by 75% sheep excrement, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and the urea mixing retting of 5% form to fully becoming thoroughly decomposed, described shade height is 1.8 m, shade density is 75%,
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, prevent hot weather from damaging potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: the new slightly sprouting period of early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively uses potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer and the 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers 1 time that total oxygen content is 45%, the each consumption of every basin is composite fertilizer 30 g, rich potassium biological organic fertilizer 100g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 30 g;
Insect protected: the first dimension chlopyrifos regularly spraying 2000 times, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to 95% daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 40 ppm concentration, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, fashion into specific shape, during moulding, it is 3 grades that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, each branch every grade young sprout stays 2 outside branches, stays 3 wheel blades, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts about 4 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 60 g, sprayed the boron fertilizer of 0.04% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time of 0.1% in every 7 days of squaring period, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 1 time at root, and each consumption of every basin is 80 g, simultaneously every lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer 1 time spraying 1500 times for 15 days;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit diameter reaches 0.5 cm, within every 15 days, use 300 times micro-dew punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 2 times, fruit expanding period every 20 days Gen Shigao Jia Xing composite fertilizers 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 50 g, within every 10 days, spray 2500 times of micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizers 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 2000 times of compound 1%AC drop-proof agents 1 time, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first allow the desinsection of use with pollution-free food before bagging, bactericide sprays fruit comprehensively, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
In December, 2013 investigates pot growing, and bearing fruit potted plant is 85 strains, and namely fruit bearing rate reaches 85%, and potted plant just one-step forming, have semicircle, fan-shaped, triangle, natural shape etc., even crown diameter 40 cm, fruit maturation is full, and bright in colour, appreciation effect is splendid.
embodiment 2
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the healthy and strong peach of immortality No. 1 eggfruit grafting of 100 strain life in 2 years as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: Potted orchard 10 cm places more than grafting mouth of select carry out lopping, make each young plant retain 2 branches;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 2012 4 months, 1 year that handles well raw Potted orchard being moved into specification is in the medium-sized tree planting bag of 35 cm*30 cm, Nutrition Soil is filled up and compacting in tree planting bag, water permeable, under being positioned over shade, described Nutrition Soil is made up of sand in 3 parts of pond sludge, 2 parts of decay sheep excrements and 1 part, described decay sheep excrement by the sheep excrement of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% urea mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed, described shade height is 2.0 m, and shade density is 50%;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, prevent hot weather from damaging potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: the new slightly sprouting period of early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively uses potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer and the 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers 1 time that total oxygen content is 45%, the each consumption of every basin is composite fertilizer 50 g, rich potassium biological organic fertilizer 150g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 50 g;
Insect protected: the first dimension chlopyrifos regularly spraying 1500 times, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to 95% daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 50 ppm concentration, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, fashion into specific shape, during moulding, it is 4 grades that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, each branch every grade young sprout stays 3 outside branches, stays 4 wheel blades, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts about 6 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 2 times, the each consumption of every basin is 40 g, sprayed the boron fertilizer of 0.06% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times of 0.3% in every 10 days of squaring period, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 2 times at root, and each consumption of every basin is 50 g, simultaneously every lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer 1 time spraying 1000 times for 10 days;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit diameter reaches 1.0 cm, within every 15 days, use 300 times micro-dew punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 3 times, fruit expanding period every 15 days Gen Shigao Jia Xing composite fertilizers 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 30 g, within every 7 days, spray 1500 times of micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizers 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1000 times of compound 1%AC drop-proof agents 2 times, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first allow the desinsection of use with pollution-free food before bagging, bactericide sprays fruit comprehensively, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
In December, 2013 investigates pot growing, and bearing fruit potted plant is 92 strains, and namely fruit bearing rate reaches 92%, and potted plant just one-step forming, have semicircle, fan-shaped, triangle, natural shape etc., even crown diameter 55 cm, fruit maturation is full, and bright in colour, appreciation effect is splendid.
embodiment 3
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the healthy and strong peach of immortality No. 1 eggfruit grafting of 100 strain life in 3 years as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: the Potted orchard of select carries out lopping at the above 6cm place of grafting mouth, makes each young plant retain 3 branches;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 2012 4 months, 1 year that handles well raw Potted orchard being moved into specification is in the large-scale tree planting bag of 40 cm*35 cm, Nutrition Soil is filled up and compacting in tree planting bag, water permeable, under being positioned over shade, described Nutrition Soil is made up of sand in 3 parts of orchard soils, 2 parts of decay sheep excrements and 1 part, described decay sheep excrement by the sheep excrement of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% urea mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed, described shade height is 1.9 m, and shade density is 60%;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, prevent hot weather from damaging potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: the new slightly sprouting period of early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively uses potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer and the 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers 1 time that total oxygen content is 45%, the each consumption of every basin is composite fertilizer 40 g, rich potassium biological organic fertilizer 120g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 40 g;
Insect protected: the first dimension chlopyrifos regularly spraying 1800 times, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to 95% daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 45 ppm concentration, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, fashion into specific shape, during moulding, it is 3 grades that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, each branch every grade young sprout stays 3 outside branches, stays 4 wheel blades, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts about 6 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 2 times, the each consumption of every basin is 50 g, sprayed the boron fertilizer of 0.05% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time of 0.2% in every 8 days of squaring period, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 2 times at root, and each consumption of every basin is 60 g, simultaneously every lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer 1 time spraying 1000 times for 12 days;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit diameter reaches 0.6 cm, within every 15 days, use 300 times micro-dew punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 2 times, fruit expanding period every 18 days Gen Shigao Jia Xing composite fertilizers 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 35 g, within every 8 days, spray 1600 times of micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizers 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1800 times of compound 1%AC drop-proof agents 2 times, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first allow the desinsection of use with pollution-free food before bagging, bactericide sprays fruit comprehensively, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
In December, 2013 investigates pot growing, and bearing fruit potted plant is 94 strains, and namely fruit bearing rate reaches 94%, and potted plant just one-step forming, have semicircle, fan-shaped, triangle, natural shape etc., even crown diameter 65 cm, fruit maturation is full, and bright in colour, appreciation effect is splendid.
embodiment 4
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the healthy and strong peach of immortality No. 2 eggfruit graftings of 100 strain life in 3 years as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: Potted orchard 7 cm places more than grafting mouth of select carry out lopping, make each young plant retain 3 branches;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 2012 4 months, 1 year that handles well raw Potted orchard being moved into specification is in the large-scale tree planting bag of 40 cm*35 cm, Nutrition Soil is filled up and compacting in tree planting bag, water permeable, under being positioned over shade, described Nutrition Soil is made up of sand in 3 parts of pond sludge, 2 parts of peanut press pulp cake fertilizer and 1 part, described peanut press pulp cake fertilizer by the peanut press pulp cake fertilizer of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% bone meal mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed, described shade height is 1.8 m, and shade density is 70%;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, prevent hot weather from damaging potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: the new slightly sprouting period of early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively uses potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer and the 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers 1 time that total oxygen content is 45%, the each consumption of every basin is composite fertilizer 50 g, rich potassium biological organic fertilizer 150g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 50 g;
Insect protected: the first dimension chlopyrifos regularly spraying 1600 times, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to 95% daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 48 ppm concentration, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, fashion into specific shape, during moulding, it is 3 grades that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, each branch every grade young sprout stays 2 outside branches, stays 3 wheel blades, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts about 5 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 60 g, sprayed the boron fertilizer of 0.06% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times of 0.1% in every 10 days of squaring period, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 1 time at root, and each consumption of every basin is 70 g, simultaneously every lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer 1 time spraying 1500 times for 14 days;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit diameter reaches 0.9 cm, within every 15 days, use 300 times micro-dew punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 3 times, fruit expanding period every 16 days Gen Shigao Jia Xing composite fertilizers 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 40 g, within every 6 days, spray 1900 times of micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizers 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1200 times of compound 1%AC drop-proof agents 2 times, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first allow the desinsection of use with pollution-free food before bagging, bactericide sprays fruit comprehensively, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
In December, 2013 investigates pot growing, and bearing fruit potted plant is 89 strains, and namely fruit bearing rate reaches 89%, and potted plant just one-step forming, have semicircle, fan-shaped, triangle, natural shape etc., even crown diameter 60 cm, fruit maturation is full, and bright in colour, appreciation effect is splendid.
embodiment 5
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the healthy and strong peach of immortality No. 2 eggfruit graftings of 100 strain life in 2 years as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: Potted orchard 8 cm places more than grafting mouth of select carry out lopping, make each young plant retain 2 branches;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 2012 4 months, 1 year that handles well raw Potted orchard being moved into specification is in the medium-sized tree planting bag of 35 cm*30 cm, Nutrition Soil is filled up and compacting in tree planting bag, water permeable, under being positioned over shade, described Nutrition Soil is made up of sand in 3 parts of orchard soils, 2 parts of peanut press pulp cake fertilizer and 1 part, described peanut press pulp cake fertilizer by the peanut press pulp cake fertilizer of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% bone meal mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed, described shade height is 2.0 m, and shade density is 65%;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, prevent hot weather from damaging potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: the new slightly sprouting period of early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively uses potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer and the 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers 1 time that total oxygen content is 45%, the each consumption of every basin is composite fertilizer 45 g, rich potassium biological organic fertilizer 130g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 45 g;
Insect protected: the first dimension chlopyrifos regularly spraying 2000 times, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to 95% daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 42 ppm concentration, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, fashion into specific shape, during moulding, it is 4 grades that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, each branch every grade young sprout stays 2 outside branches, stays 3 wheel blades, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts about 4 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 2 times, the each consumption of every basin is 45 g, sprayed the boron fertilizer of 0.06% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time of 0.2% in every 7 days of squaring period, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 1 time at root, and each consumption of every basin is 85 g, simultaneously every lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer 1 time spraying 1500 times for 10 days;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit diameter reaches 0.8 cm, within every 15 days, use 300 times micro-dew punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 3 times, fruit expanding period every 17 days Gen Shigao Jia Xing composite fertilizers 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 50 g, within every 9 days, spray 1700 times of micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizers 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1500 times of compound 1%AC drop-proof agents 1 time, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first allow the desinsection of use with pollution-free food before bagging, bactericide sprays fruit comprehensively, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
In December, 2013 investigates pot growing, and bearing fruit potted plant is 91 strains, and namely fruit bearing rate reaches 91%, and potted plant just one-step forming, have semicircle, fan-shaped, triangle, natural shape etc., even crown diameter 55 cm, fruit maturation is full, and bright in colour, appreciation effect is splendid.
embodiment 6
The breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the healthy and strong peach of immortality No. 2 eggfruit graftings of 100 strain life in 1 year as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: Potted orchard 9 cm places more than grafting mouth of select carry out lopping, make each young plant retain 2 branches;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 2012 4 months, 1 year that handles well raw Potted orchard being moved into specification is in the medium-sized tree planting bag of 35 cm*30 cm, Nutrition Soil is filled up and compacting in tree planting bag, water permeable, under being positioned over shade, described Nutrition Soil is made up of sand in 3 parts of pond sludge, 2 parts of decay sheep excrements and 1 part, described decay sheep excrement by the sheep excrement of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% urea mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed, described shade height is 1.9 m, and shade density is 55%;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, prevent hot weather from damaging potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: the new slightly sprouting period of early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively uses potassium sulfate type high nitrogen and potassium composite fertilizer and the 300 times of rich potassium type biological organic fertilizers 1 time that total oxygen content is 45%, the each consumption of every basin is composite fertilizer 35 g, rich potassium biological organic fertilizer 160g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 35g;
Insect protected: the first dimension chlopyrifos regularly spraying 1500 times, prevents young sprout and bud to be subject to the insect pests such as mythimna separata, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to 95% daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 50 ppm concentration, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, shorten shoot growth amount, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, fashion into specific shape, during moulding, it is 3 grades that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, each branch every grade young sprout stays 2 outside branches, stays 3 wheel blades, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts about 4 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 2 times, the each consumption of every basin is 55 g, sprayed the boron fertilizer of 0.05% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 times of 0.5% in every 7 days of squaring period, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 2 times at root, and each consumption of every basin is 65 g, simultaneously every lion acanthaceous indigo foliage fertilizer 1 time spraying 1000 times for 15 days;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit diameter reaches 0.7 cm, within every 15 days, use 300 times micro-dew punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 2 times, fruit expanding period every 19 days Gen Shigao Jia Xing composite fertilizers 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 45 g, within every 10 days, spray 1800 times of micro-fruit dew foliage fertilizers 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1600 times of compound 1%AC drop-proof agents 1 time, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first allow the desinsection of use with pollution-free food before bagging, bactericide sprays fruit comprehensively, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
In December, 2013 investigates pot growing, and bearing fruit potted plant is 88 strains, and namely fruit bearing rate reaches 88%, and potted plant just one-step forming, have semicircle, fan-shaped, triangle, natural shape etc., even crown diameter 45 cm, fruit maturation is full, and bright in colour, appreciation effect is splendid.
Claims (10)
1. the breeding method that eggfruit is potted plant, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) seedling is selected: select the raw healthy and strong eggfruit grafting of 1-3 as Potted orchard;
(2) pretreatment: the Potted orchard of select carries out lopping at grafting mouth above 5-10 cm place, each young plant retains 2-3 branch;
(3) upper basin: at the beginning of 4 months, the Potted orchard handled well is moved in tree planting bag, fill up Nutrition Soil and compacting, water permeable, under being positioned over shade;
(4) potted plant management:
Shelter from heat or light: mid-April to the late August of upper basin First Year and the early April of upper basin Second Year, when daytime temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, shelter from heat or light to potted plant, other times did not then shelter from heat or light to late September;
Fertilising: early April of upper basin First Year, mid-June and late August respectively use nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer and K-rich organic fertilizer 1 time, and each consumption of every basin is nitrogen-potassium compound fertilizer 30-50 g, K-rich organic fertilizer 100-150g; Use high K composite fertilizer 10 the middle ten days 1 time, each consumption of every basin is high K composite fertilizer 30-50 g;
Insect protected: the periodically sprinkle 1500-2000 pre-insect-pest of first dimension chlopyrifos doubly;
Downgrade: annual April-October after upper basin, within every 15 days, to the daminozide 1 time of potted plant sprinkling 40-50 ppm, suppress the growth of terminal bud and branch, potted dwarf;
Moulding: prune potted plant, mould, during moulding, it is 3-4 level that upper basin First Year controls mitogenetic progression, the branch that each branch every grade young sprout stays 2-3 bar outside, stays 3-4 wheel blade, vertical branch then tie rod or wipe out, first and second of upper basin Second Year is taken turns young sprout and is not pruned, and third and fourth is taken turns young sprout and extracts 4-6 cm out and start to wipe out;
Short flower: the 2-3 month of upper basin Second Year, temperature enters eggfruit flower bud differentiation period when reaching more than 25 DEG C, pouring executes phosphorus potash fertilizer 1-2 time, the each consumption of every basin is 40-60g, squaring period, every 7-10 days sprayed potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 time of the boron fertilizer of 0.04%-0.06% and 0.1%-0.3%, flowering stage spreads fertilizer over the fields high K composite fertilizer 1-2 time at root, and each consumption of every basin is 50-80g, often within 10-15 days, sprays 1000-1500 inorganic nutrients type foliage fertilizer doubly 1 time simultaneously;
Fruit retention: when young fruit period fruit reaches diameter 0.5-1.0cm, within every 15 days, use punching fertilising and moderate-element Water soluble fertilizer 2-3 time, fruit expanding period every 15-20 days uses Gao Jia type composite fertilizer 1 time, the each consumption of every basin is 30-50 g, every 7-10 days sprays 1500-2500 times of biotype foliage fertilizer 1 time, physiological fallen fruit phase first time sprays 1000-2000 times of drop-proof agent 1-2 time, when fruit reaches diameter 40mm, adopt fruit bag bagging, first with desinsection, bactericide, fruit is sprayed comprehensively before bagging, carry out after liquid is dry, the fruit spraying medicine the same day overlapped the same day.
2. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described Nutrition Soil comprises 3 parts of orchard soils or pond sludge, 2 parts of decay sheep excrements or peanut press pulp cake fertilizer and 1 part of sand.
3. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 2 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described decay sheep excrement by content be the sheep excrement of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% urea mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed.
4. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 2 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described in become thoroughly decomposed peanut press pulp cake fertilizer by content be the peanut press pulp cake fertilizer of 75%, the phosphate fertilizer of 20% and 5% bone meal mix retting and form to fully to become thoroughly decomposed.
5. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 and 2 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described drop-proof agent is compound 1%AC drop-proof agent.
6. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 and 2 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described daminozide is the daminozide of content 95%.
7. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described fruit bag is black two-layer compound wet strength paper sack in outer Huang.
8. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 is potted plant, is characterized in that, shade height is 1.8-2.0 m, and shade density is 50%-75%.
9. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 is potted plant, is characterized in that, the kind of eggfruit used is No. 1, the peach of immortality or No. 2, the peach of immortality of Guangxi South Asian Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute's seed selection.
10. the breeding method that eggfruit according to claim 1 is potted plant, is characterized in that, described tree planting bag specification is 35 cm*30 cm-40 cm*35 cm.
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| CN105284359A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 富川富兴果蔬有限责任公司 | Method for planting pumpkins |
| CN105794464A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Fruit tree management method adopted after egg yolk fruits are picked |
| CN105794572A (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-07-27 | 柳州嘉沃农业科技有限公司 | Gold passion fruit planting method |
| CN110537472A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-06 | 阿坝师范学院 | Lilium regale plant dwarfing method |
| CN111837918A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 华南农业大学 | Simple, economical and efficient production method of potted anthurium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105284359A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 富川富兴果蔬有限责任公司 | Method for planting pumpkins |
| CN105794464A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Fruit tree management method adopted after egg yolk fruits are picked |
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| CN110537472A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-06 | 阿坝师范学院 | Lilium regale plant dwarfing method |
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| CN112154840A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-01-01 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method of elaeagnus conferta roxb pot culture |
| CN112154840B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-11-09 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method of elaeagnus conferta roxb pot culture |
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