CN103444420B - Cultural method for blooming of potted coreopsis basalis before May - Google Patents
Cultural method for blooming of potted coreopsis basalis before May Download PDFInfo
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- 240000003707 Coreopsis basalis Species 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000010554 Coreopsis tinctoria var. tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
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- YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-naphthalen-1-ylacetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cultural method for flowering plants, in particular to a cultural method for blooming of potted coreopsis basalis before May, and belongs to the technical field of plant culture. According to the cultural method, short and early maturing varieties which are good in ornamental characteristic are selected; after the blooming period is over, deadwoods and old leaves are cut, and fertilizing and disease prevention are performed to promote creeping stems to develop and produce seedlings; the temporary planting manner is adopted to perform sunshading, cooling and culture of seedlings; fertilizer and water are added for growth promotion after pot culture; when the culture management is performed in winter, a greenhouse is adopted for heat preservation and wintering of seedlings, and fertilizer and water are fully applied, so that plants can continuously grow in winter; when the culture management is performed in spring, before squaring, the temperature of the greenhouse is regulated, the moisture content is controlled, before the plants come into the market, ventilation of the greenhouse is performed for seedling hardening, and pesticides are adopted to prevent diseases, so that the adaptability of plants is enhanced, and the plants are moved out of the greenhouse and used for arranging flower beds. The cultural method has the benefits that the ornamental characteristics of the cultured coreopsis basalis are superior to that of the coreopsis basalis cultured by means of a conventional method, the blooming period of the coreopsis basalis is enabled to be earlier for 10-15 days, the coreopsis basalis blooms before 'May day', and becomes the flower of the festival; the potted flower mode is adopted for greening, the environment is beautified, and the income of flower growers is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of floriculture methods, particularly relate to a kind of cultivation method of potted plant golden wave Blooming, belong to field of plant growing technology.
Technical background
Golden wave (coreopsis basalis) is annual or perennial root composite family herbage flower, originate in southern US, pattern is mainly orange colour, faint yellow, have and heavily distinguish and singly distinguish two kinds of flower pattern, plant height 30-100cm, Hua Jing 5-8cm, golden wave is cold-resistant, drought-enduring, soil is required tight, like light but resistance to half the moon, strong adaptability; Easily, the general late August sowing of the biennial golden wave in lower Yangtze area, bloomed at the beginning of mid-May to 6 in next year month in golden wave cultivation.The golden wave four seasons are evergreen, and branches and leaves are luxuriant, and especially spire germinating in winter, in flakes green, for winter increases life; Golden wave can produce stolon and adventive root, carries out flourish, and branch ability is strong, and effectively can cover ground, be fabulous slope-protecting plant, makes cladding material works very well in roof greening; Golden wave has stronger absorbing capacity to sulphur dioxide, effectively can improve urban air-quality.The kind of conventional cultivation because plant is high, cane carefully easily lodges, Hua Jing little, bloom less, most kind is not good enough for singly distinguishing sight, has entered florescence early summer short when blooming, the reasons such as potted flower management cost in summer is high are not as potted flower culture; And mainly utilize the golden wave four seasons long green as making cladding material in roadside greening, slope-protecting plant roof greening, but flower-grower's seed consumption is large, and economic benefit is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to golden wave and as making the low defect of cladding material benefit in roadside greening, slope-protecting plant and roof greening, the short sex premature kind that fancy points is good can only be selected; Nursery is heeled in employing, after potted plant, strengthens rich water growth promotion; Winter utilizes booth thermal insulation, makes seedling continued growth; Cultivation step such as regulation and control in spring temperature, water, the wind environment factor etc., does sth. in advance 10-15 days by the golden wave florescence, " May Day " front blooms, and becomes the flower in red-letter day, with potted flower arranged in form flower bed, beautifies the environment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the cultivation method that a kind of potted plant golden wave bloomed before May, comprises the following steps:
Step one, selection plant height 30-40cm, the thick 0.25-0.3cm of Hua Jing 7-8cm, stem, heavily distinguishes the short sex premature golden wave kind that fancy points is good;
Step 2, described short sex premature golden wave kind prescind deadwood Lao Ye after blooming and terminating, and when ground is moist after the rain, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 5 kilograms of urea, meet dry weather and water 1-2 water, heel in after the stolon of plant to be planted grows seedling and aerial root;
Step 3, when heeling in methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100-150PPM solution, soak plant and plant after 20-30 minute again, seedbed adopts scaffolding to cover the sunshade net of 60-70% shading rate, keeps temperature to carry out cultivation seedling lower than 25-28 DEG C;
Step 4, early October, carry out potted plant when seedling grows to 8-10 leaf;
When step 5, winter, entering booth thermal insulation and survive the winter, imposing fertilizer in conjunction with watering;
When step 6, spring, regulate temperature, water, the wind environment factor, bloom before making golden wave May.
In the described step 2 of said method, on stolon, seedling grows 3-4 sheet leaf, has during 4-6 bar aerial root and heels in, and prevents downy mildew 2-3 time with 40% Sukeling 600-800 times of liquid.
In described step 3, heel in that soil is good with draining, loose, the fertile sandy loam of subacidity pH6.0-6.7 is advisable, and with 40% formalin 500-800 times, seedbed is carried out disinfection.
In described step 4, seedling Nutrition Soil carries out potted plant, and described Nutrition Soil is river sand: vegetable garden soil: humus soil, by the proportions of 1: 4: 5, and adds and accounts for Nutrition Soil weight 0.1-0.2% composite fertilizer; After upper basin, add in water urea that water weighs 0.5% chase after 1-2 time fertile.Described Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is the N+P of 15-15-15
2o
5+ K
2o>=45%.
In described step 5, Winter Cultivation manages, and in late November covered plastic film, insulation is survived the winter, and temperature of shed controls more than 8-10 DEG C, when watering, adds urea 2-3 time that water weighs 1%, extract Lao Ye at any time in water.
In described step 6, spring cultivation manages, and the beginning of spring regulates temperature of shed to be no more than 25-28 DEG C before buddingging, control is watered, 10-15 days before listing, and booth surrounding is ventilated and made canopy humidity practice seedling lower than 75% wet down, and spray the Sukeling 600-800 times of liquid prevention downy mildew of 40%; Shift out booth mid-April and arrange flower bed, golden wave was bloomed in 25-30 day in April.
In the present invention sight refer to well spend large: Hua Jing 7-8cm, stem are thick: the thick 0.25-0.3cm of scape, heavily distinguish, short property: plant height 30-40cm.
The short sex premature golden wave kind that the present invention selects fancy points good, adopts and heels in mode nursery, after potted plant, strengthens rich water growth promotion; Winter utilizes booth thermal insulation, makes seedling continued growth; Spring regulates temperature, water, the wind environment factor, and its beneficial effect is: the proterties of the golden wave cultivated is better than the golden wave of conventional method cultivation, makes the golden wave florescence do sth. in advance 10-15 days, and " May Day " front blooms, and becomes the flower in red-letter day; With the greening of potted flower form, beautify the environment, the income of flower-grower can be increased considerably.
Embodiment
Embodiment
The cultivation method that potted plant golden wave bloomed before May, comprises the following steps:
Golden wave kind " No. 1, short life " this kind plant height 35-40cm that the sapporo of Japan garden spot that step one, Fruit variety golden wave Fruit variety are sold by Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City provides, the thick 0.25-0.30cm orthostatic of stem is good, grow vigorous, the four seasons are evergreen, flower orange colour, Hua Jing 7-8cm, heavily distinguishes that sight is good, disease resistance is strong, precocious applicable potted plant.
Step 2, utilize the golden wave of prior year bank protection to bloom on June about 20 to terminate after, prescind deadwood Lao Ye, when after rain, ground is moist, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 5 kilograms of urea, downy mildew are prevented 2 times with 40% Sukeling, 800 times of liquid, on the hot summer days in July, to water 2 times during weather arid, promote that stolon is grown, treat that the seedling on stolon grows 4 leaves, have during 6 aerial roots and heel in.
Step 3, golden wave heel in that soil is good with draining, loose, fertile subacidity (pH6.5) sandy loam is advisable, with permeable, ventilative good river sand, be equipped with vegetable garden soil, humus soil, river sand: vegetable garden soil: the proportions Nutrition Soil of 2: 4: 4 pressed by humus soil, and doubly seedbed is carried out disinfection with the formalin 500 of 40%, ridge bed is made in seedbed, about height of bed 10cm, wide 120cm; When early September, seedling reached described standard, cut seedling, the long stolon of each reservation 2cm is wanted at seedling two, for improving aerial root vigor, with methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 150PPM solution, soak plant root 30 minutes (lobus cardiacus can not immerse in solution), seedling for standard, is planted into seedbed by the density of 15cm × 15cm with " shallow not crab rooting does not bury the heart deeply " by the depth of planting; Seedbed to put up a shed covering 70% shading rate sunshade net cooling, watering a water every day, irregular spraying can be taked as having ready conditions, ensure humidity; Heel in latter 15 days seedling general autumn can survive, remove sunshade net after alive, watered a water every one day, keep ground moistening.
Step 4, early October, start potted plant during golden wave seedling 10 leaf; Golden wave field planting Nutrition Soil will ensure the sufficient and ventilation of nutrient, good water permeability, river sand: vegetable garden soil: humus soil, by the proportions of 1: 4: 5, and adds Nutrition Soil weight 0.1-0.2% Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium N+P
2o
5+ K
2o>=45% (15-15-15).Cultivation method chooses the Nutrition Soil filling 2/3 with the nutritive cube of diameter 12cm, and the previous day is watered sufficient water in field planting, covers 1-2cm Nutrition Soil again, prevent crab rooting after cultivation.Live and water a water a front every day, after alive, watered a water every 3-4 days, keep Nutrition Soil moistening; In water, to add the urea that water weighs 0.5% in conjunction with watering impose 2 fertilizer, growth promoting effects; Irregular excision Lao Ye, prevents disease from occurring.
Step 5, Winter Cultivation manage, late November booth covered plastic film thermal insulating survive the winter, very cold after Winter Solstice, then add one deck Small plastic shed, keeps temperature of shed to control more than 8 DEG C, waters a water keep Nutrition Soil moistening every 7 days; In water, to add the urea that water weighs 1% in conjunction with watering impose 2 fertilizer, irregularly extract Lao Ye and prevent disease from occurring, make plant continued growth in winter.
Step 6, spring cultivation manage, and after the beginning of spring, will to open booth two aeration-cooling for fine day, makes temperature of shed be no more than 28 DEG C, prevent from burning seedling.Mid-March golden wave to enter squaring period be that main to proceed to reproductive growth be main by nourishing and growing, irrigation times be controlled, adhere to the principle of watering of " dry do not water ", prevent that plant is excessively tender, cane is weak, and late blooming.Irregular excision Lao Ye, prevents disease from occurring, and sprays 40% Sukeling, 800 times of liquid prevention downy mildew, strengthens plant adaptability; Go on the market first 10 days, booth surrounding is ventilated and is made canopy humidity practice seedling lower than 75% wet down; Mid-April, according to the market demand, shifts out booth, arranges flower bed; April 26 bloomed, and became the flower in red-letter day.
Comparative example one
With the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of planting seed
The golden wave kind " No. 1, short life " that the sapporo of Japan garden spot that step one, Fruit variety golden wave Fruit variety are sold by Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City provides.
Step 2, nursery golden wave soil are good with draining, loose, fertile subacidity (PH6.5) sandy loam is advisable, river sand can be used: vegetable garden soil: the proportions Nutrition Soil of 2: 4: 4 pressed by humus soil, and doubly carries out disinfection to seedbed with the formalin 500 of 40%.Ridge bed is made in seedbed, about height of bed 10cm, wide 120cm.August 20 planting seed, sowing the previous day seedbed water permeable, broadcast the Nutrition Soil that bonnet 1cm is thick, covering with plastic film moisturizing, then the sunshade net cooling of obtain three layers 70% shading rate, has when emerging on a small quantity, takes sunshade net and mulch film off after 6 days, prevent high pin seedling, watered a water every 2 days, keep seedbed moistening.
Step 3, early October, during golden wave seedling 4 leaf, start upper basin.Golden wave field planting Nutrition Soil will ensure the sufficient and ventilation of nutrient, good water permeability, river sand: vegetable garden soil: humus soil, by the proportions of 1: 4: 5, and adds soil weight 0.1-0.2% composite fertilizer.Cultivation method chooses the Nutrition Soil filling 2/3 with the nutritive cube of diameter 12cm, and the previous day is watered sufficient water in field planting, covers 1-2cm Nutrition Soil again, prevent crab rooting after cultivation.Live and water a water a front every day, after alive, watered a water every 3-4 days, keep Nutrition Soil moistening; In water, to add the urea that water weighs 0.5% in conjunction with watering impose 2 fertilizer, growth promoting effects; Irregular excision Lao Ye, prevents disease from occurring.
Step 4, Winter Cultivation management late November booth covered plastic film thermal insulating is survived the winter, very cold after Winter Solstice, then adds one deck Small plastic shed, keeps temperature of shed to control more than 8 DEG C, waters a water keep Nutrition Soil moistening every 7 days; In water, to add the urea that water weighs 1% in conjunction with watering impose 2 fertilizer, irregularly extract Lao Ye and prevent disease from occurring, make plant continued growth in winter.
After step 5, spring cultivation manage the beginning of spring, it is aeration-cooling that fine day will open booth two, makes temperature of shed be no more than 28 DEG C, prevents from burning seedling.Early April golden wave to enter squaring period be that main to proceed to reproductive growth be main by nourishing and growing, control irrigation times, adhere to the principle of watering of " dry do not water ", prevent plant excessively tender, cane is weak.Irregular excision Lao Ye prevents disease from occurring, and by 40% Sukeling, 800 times of liquid prevention downy mildew, strengthens plant adaptability; Go on the market first 10 days, booth surrounding is ventilated and is made canopy humidity practice seedling lower than 75% wet down; According to the market demand, shift out booth, arrange flower bed, May 10 bloomed.
Comparative example two
Bank protection golden wave cultivation method
The golden wave kind " No. 1, short life " that the sapporo of Japan garden spot that step one, Fruit variety golden wave Fruit variety are sold by Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City provides.
Step 2, nursery golden wave soil are good with draining, loose, fertile subacidity (PH6.5) sandy loam is advisable, river sand can be used: vegetable garden soil: the proportions Nutrition Soil of 2: 4: 4 pressed by humus soil, and doubly carries out disinfection to seedbed with the formalin 500 of 40%; Ridge bed is made in seedbed, about height of bed 10cm, wide 120cm.August 25 planting seed, sowing seedbed the previous day is watered permeable, broadcast the Nutrition Soil that bonnet 1cm is thick, covering with plastic film moisturizing, the then sunshade net cooling of obtain three layers 70% sunshade rate on mulch film, has when emerging on a small quantity after 6 days, take sunshade net and mulch film off, prevent high pin seedling, watered a water every 2 days, keep seedbed moistening.
Execute 40 kilograms of composite fertilizers for every mu before step 3, field planting field planting, then rotary tillage, whole, weed eradication, early October, during plant 4 leaf, by line-spacing 35cm, spacing in the rows 20cm plants, and 2 water are watered in every cave 2 strain after field planting, except 2 grass after living.Plant bloomed May 16, can seal row June, can prevent soil loss at plum rain season, the effect played bank protection and beautify the environment.
Different planting type tree characteristics and flowering habit comparative result are in table 1:
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, tree characteristics aspect, plant height three kinds of planting types, embodiment heel in (potted flower) for 38cm, the seed (potted flower) of comparative example one is 36cm, and the seed (bank protection) of comparative example two is 35cm, only differs 3cm, heel in (potted flower) planting type obviously not increase, plant is all upright; The thick three kinds of planting types of stem, heel in (potted flower) for 0.25cm, seed (potted flower) is 0.26cm, and seed (bank protection) is 0.27cm, only differs 0.02cm, heels in (potted flower) planting type and does not obviously attenuate and lodge; The number of sheets three kinds of planting types, heeling in (potted flower) is 24 leaves, and seed (potted flower) is 20 leaves, and seed (bank protection) is 18 leaves, differs 6 leaves, and heeling in (potted flower) planting type number of sheets obviously increases, and appreciation effect is good; Branch amount three kinds of planting types, heeling in (potted flower) is 10, and seed (potted flower) is 7, and seed (bank protection) is 6, and only differ 4, heeling in (potted flower) planting type branch obviously increases.
Proterties of blooming aspect, flowering stage, three kinds of planting types, heeled in (potted flower) for April 26, and seed (potted flower) is May 10, and seed (bank protection) is May 16, within 14 days, blooms ahead of time, heels in (potted flower) planting type, frontly to bloom on " May Day "; Flower three kinds, footpath planting type, heel in (potted flower) for 7.5cm, seed (potted flower) is 7.2cm, and seed (bank protection) is 7cm, and difference 0.5cm, heels in (potted flower) planting type and spend obvious increase, improve sight; Quantity of blooming three kinds of planting types, heeling in (potted flower) is 12, and seed (potted flower) is 9, and seed (bank protection) is 8, differs 3, heels in (potted flower) cultivation quantity of blooming obviously many; Florescence three kinds of planting types, heeling in (potted flower) is 55 days, and seed (potted flower) is 40 days, and seed (bank protection) is 40 days, differs 10 days, and heeling in (potted flower), to cultivate the florescence obviously long; Two kinds of potted flowers in price, heel in (potted flower) every 0.2 yuan, basin, every 0.12 yuan, the basin of seed (potted flower), and both differ 0.08 yuan, high by 40%, and heeling in (potted flower) cultivation has obvious increasing benefit.
Except above-mentioned enforcement, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (7)
1. a potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May, comprises the following steps:
Step one, select plant height 30-40cm, Hua Jing 7-8cm, the thick 0.25-0.3cm of stem, heavily distinguish the short sex premature golden wave kind that fancy points is good;
Step 2, described short sex premature golden wave kind prescind deadwood Lao Ye after blooming and terminating, and when ground is moist after the rain, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 5 kilograms of urea, meet dry weather and water 1-2 water, heel in after the stolon of plant to be planted grows seedling and aerial root;
Step 3, when heeling in methyl α-naphthyl acetate 100-150PPM solution, soak plant and plant after 20-30 minute again, seedbed adopts scaffolding to cover the sunshade net of 60-70% shading rate, keeps temperature to carry out cultivation seedling lower than 25-28 DEG C;
Step 4, early October, carry out potted plant when seedling grows to 8-10 leaf;
When step 5, winter, entering booth thermal insulation and survive the winter, imposing fertilizer in conjunction with watering;
When step 6, spring, regulate temperature, water, the wind environment factor, bloom before making golden wave May.
2. the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, on stolon, seedling grows 3-4 sheet leaf, has during 4-6 bar aerial root and heels in, by 40% Sukeling 600-800 times of liquid prevention downy mildew 2-3 time.
3. the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, heels in soil and be advisable with the sandy loam of pH6.0-6.7, and doubly carry out disinfection to seedbed with the formalin 500-800 of 40%.
4. the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 4, seedling Nutrition Soil carries out potted plant, described Nutrition Soil is river sand: vegetable garden soil: humus soil by the proportions of 1:4:5, and adds the composite fertilizer accounting for Nutrition Soil weight 0.1-0.2%; After upper basin, add in water urea that water weighs 0.5% chase after 1-2 time fertile.
5. the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described composite fertilizer is the N+P of 15-15-15
2o
5+ K
2o>=45%.
6. the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 5, Winter Cultivation manages, in late November covered plastic film thermal insulating survive the winter, temperature of shed controls more than 8-10 DEG C, add in water urea that water weighs 1% chase after 2-3 time fertile, extract Lao Ye at any time.
7. the potted plant golden wave cultivation method of blooming before May according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 6, spring cultivation manages, the beginning of spring regulates temperature of shed to be no more than 25-28 DEG C before buddingging, control is watered, 10-15 days before listing, booth surrounding is ventilated and is made canopy humidity carry out hardening lower than 75%, and sprays the Sukeling 600-800 times of liquid prevention downy mildew of 40%; Shift out booth mid-April and arrange flower bed, golden wave was bloomed in 25-30 day in April.
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| CN104094768B (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽皖峰蜂业集团有限公司 | Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation method without turning over pockets |
| CN104186153B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-04-06 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | A kind of method simultaneously improving sulphur chrysanthemum sight and production of hybrid seeds amount |
| CN104472154B (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-07-27 | 尚伟盼 | It is applicable to the Flos Chrysanthemi field management method of Soil Development in Huaibei Plain |
| CN105432280A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县桃花湾果蔬种植专业合作社 | Cultivation method for potting glechoma hedracea |
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- 2013-09-12 CN CN201310416227.XA patent/CN103444420B/en active Active
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