CN107950220A - A kind of red cone engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of red cone engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107950220A CN107950220A CN201810025091.2A CN201810025091A CN107950220A CN 107950220 A CN107950220 A CN 107950220A CN 201810025091 A CN201810025091 A CN 201810025091A CN 107950220 A CN107950220 A CN 107950220A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention belongs to red cone graft technology field, discloses a kind of red cone engrafting method and system, is selected using grafting time, Root-stock selection, rooting rate, grafting operation, connect rear management method；The fringe bar of at least one gemma of scion band during grafting, can significantly improve red cone graft survival rate, and grafting work efficiency is high；The present invention is red, and cone grafting is selected in by the end of December to 25 days before and after mid or late January i.e. Great Cold solar term, not yet germinateed with branch, bud eye it is full for principle, effectively improve survival rate.The method of the present invention not only have the characteristics that cultivate with preserve it is red cone elite germplasm material periodicities it is short, can rapid shaping, can it is solid ahead of time, easy to operate, cost is low, this method grafting survival is up to more than 70%, it is adapted to the grafting of red cone nursery seedling, grafting is cultivated to be used to establish breeding cutting orchard and clonal seed orchard, it is that strange land is preserved using the red effective way for boring elite germplasm material, is a kind of extremely strong agriculture and forestry gene genetic improving technology of practicality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the graft technology in forestry biomass technical field, more particularly to a kind of red cone engrafting method.
Background technology
Red cone, arbor, up to 25 meters, 1.5 meters of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, annual shoot puce is very thin, identical with petiole and rachis.
Leaf papery or thin keratin, lanceolar, have obovate elliptic concurrently, for the very short point of base portion to circle is bordering on, side is slightly short and slightly inclined sometimes
Tiltedly, full edge or there are a small number of shallow carnassial tooths, middle arteries are recessed on blade face, and the tender leaf back side is at least had concurrently quite along middle arteries by the pubescence of deciduous
Loosely thick or the rufous thin compared with consolidation or the cured squama layer of brown color fine platy；Petiole is grown seldom up to 1 centimetre.Male inflorescence is
Panicle or spike；Female spike list fringe is located between the top axil of male inflorescence, style 3 or 2 pieces, tiltedly exhibition.Infructescence
Up to 15 centimetres；Acorn-cup has nut 1；The wide cone of nut, hairless, areola is located at nut bottom.The month at florescence 4-6, fruit next year
The 8-11 months are ripe.However, existing red cone grafting efficiency is low, cultivation period is grown, and graft survival rate is low.
In conclusion problem existing in the prior art is：It is existing it is red cone grafting efficiency it is low, cultivation period length, grafting into
Motility rate is low.
From treelet rather than the select tree (big tree) to become a useful person that grows into forest, the present invention can protect for the scion of the red cone grafting of existing report
Stay excellent material genetic, it is therefore an objective to be used to establish the cutting orchard breeding excellent seedling of breeding by engrafting and cultivating grafting, first, using
In establishing clonal seed orchard, solves the problem that can not be survived from the select tree scion grafting become a useful person of growing into forest；Existing grafting
Time report is March, all germinations or without bud eye successively of the branches of all red cones southern at this time, and grafting at all can not be into
It is living.
The content of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of red cone engrafting method.The grafting of the method for the present invention
Time is of more buds at this time and full and do not germinate, the high graft survival rate by the end of December to 2-5 days before and after mid or late January, that is, Great Cold；
Scion rugosity in the present invention is 0.2-0.5cm, too thick branch often development time is long and bud eye has all germinateed and has taken out the tip substantially,
, can be dead successively after grafting and though too thin fringe bar has bud eye but grafting is difficult to operate and nutrient and water is not supplied
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of red cone engrafting method, including：
Rooting rate；The thick 0.2-0.5cm of scion；Though too it is small have after bud eye but inconvenient for operation and grafting nutrition do not catch up with and
Easily withered, too thick often no bud eye benefits germination and grafting cannot succeed.
Adopt fringe time point：By the end of December to 2-5 days before and after mid or late January, that is, Great Cold solar term.Too early branch does not have bud eye, too late
The buds are coming out.
Further, the red cone engrafting method specifically includes：
Step 1, grafting time selection：
, to mid or late January, not yet germinateed with branch by the end of December and bud eye is full for principle；
Step 2, Root-stock selection：
2 years raw red cone saplings are chosen, ground diameter wants 1.5cm-2.5cm, and stock is highly controlled in 10-15cm high, while right
Stock carries out pruning modes, and a side shoot is reserved below the top of stock；
Step 3, scion selection；
Scion bar be select tree tree crown first half current-year branch, the thick 0.2-0.5cm of branch, bud eye it is obvious and it is full at least
Have a fringe bar of a gemma, during grafting scion retain long 10cm, leave 1-2 bud eye.
Step 4, grafting operation：
Grafting is carried out using full cut-grafting mode on stock during grafting, the vertical incision 1- at the bast on stock top
2cm, scion lower part are whittled into the V-shaped shape of 1cm long, and scion is inserted into after stock bast and is tightened with grafting special plastic bag, allows and connects
Fringe and stock are combined closely.
Step 5, manages after connecing；
After grafting sprouting is put on display, shaded with the shading net of 50% light transmittance, 3 months after grafting, young sprout highly grows to 20-
Shading net is opened during 30cm, and periodically erases branch, bud on stock；Then irregularly spray water.
Further, when the new branch grows 50cm, 3% composite fertilizer (N-P is sprayed2O5-K2O=16-16-16) aqueous solution
Or every plant applied 20g, and irregularly hoed up weeds, loosened the soil.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are：The fringe bar of at least one gemma of scion band during grafting of the present invention, can be bright
Aobvious to shorten red cone cultivation, grafting work efficiency is high；The red cone grafting of the present invention is selected in, to mid or late January, not yet to be sent out by the end of December with branch
Bud and bud eye it is full be principle, effectively improve survival rate；Red cone elite germplasm material week is not only cultivated and preserve to the method for the present invention
Phase is short, can rapid shaping, can be solid ahead of time, easy to operate, cost is low the features such as, this method grafting survival is fitted up to more than 70%
Ying Yuhong bores the grafting of nursery seedling, cultivates grafting and is used to establish breeding cutting orchard and clonal seed orchard, is that strange land preserves
It is a kind of extremely strong agriculture and forestry gene genetic improving technology of practicality using the effective way of red cone elite germplasm material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is red cone engrafting method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
From treelet rather than the select tree (big tree) to become a useful person that grows into forest, the present invention can protect for the scion of the red cone grafting of existing report
Stay excellent material genetic, it is therefore an objective to be used to establish the cutting orchard breeding excellent seedling of breeding by engrafting and cultivating grafting, first, using
In establishing clonal seed orchard, solves the problem that can not be survived from the select tree scion grafting become a useful person of growing into forest；Existing grafting
Time report is March, and the branch of all red cones southern at this time has all germinateed or can not have been survived at all without bud eye, grafting successively
Red cone engrafting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：
Scion selects：The thick 0.2-0.5cm of scion bar；Though too it is small have bud eye but inconvenient for operation and grafting after nutrition do not catch up with
And it is easily withered, too thick often no bud eye benefits germination and grafting cannot succeed.
Adopt fringe time point：2-5 days before and after Great Cold.Too early branch does not have bud eye, and too late the buds are coming out.
As shown in Figure 1, red cone engrafting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
S101, grafting time selection：, to mid or late January, not yet germinateed with branch by the end of December and bud eye is full for principle；
S102, Root-stock selection：2 years raw red cone saplings are chosen, ground diameter wants 1.5cm-2.5cm, stock height 10-15cm,
Pruning modes are carried out to stock at the same time, and a side shoot is reserved below the top of stock；
S103, scion selection：Scion bar be select tree tree crown first half current-year branch, the thick 0.2-0.5cm of branch, bud eye
The fringe bar of at least one obvious and full gemma, during grafting scion retain long 10cm, leave 1-2 bud eye.
S104, grafting operation：Grafting is carried out using full cut-grafting mode on stock during grafting.Used during grafting on stock
Full cut-grafting mode carries out grafting, and vertical incision 1-2cm, scion lower part are whittled into the V-shaped of 1cm long at the bast on stock top
Shape, scion is inserted into after stock bast and is tightened with grafting special plastic bag, allows scion and stock to combine closely.
S105, manages after connecing；After grafting sprouting is put on display, shaded with the shading net of 50% light transmittance, 3 months after grafting, newly
The tip opens shading net when highly growing to 20-30cm, and periodically erases branch, bud on stock, it is ensured that nutrient supply fringe bar.Then not
Periodically water spray, it is ensured that garden ground ground moistening.When new branch grows 50cm, 3% composite fertilizer (N-P is sprayed2O5-K2O=16-16-16)
Aqueous solution or every plant apply 20g, and are irregularly hoed up weeds, loosened the soil.
It is provided by the invention to adopt fringe time point as 2-5 days before and after Great Cold.
When new branch provided by the invention grows about 50cm, spray a small amount of composite fertilizer (3% aqueous solution), and irregularly into
Row hoes up weeds, loosens the soil.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
Red cone Grafting Experiment situation
Expire blink wooden seedling garden Specialty Co-operative Organization in Fujian Province's Xianyou County at the beginning of 2 months 2015, with the select tree for picking up from Kingsoft forest farm
(20a lifes) tree crown first half branch, more than 100 plants of Grafting Experiment is carried out by stock of 2 years raw red cone seedlings, is averaged within 40 days after grafting
Fringe bar germination percentage up to 60% (some are false work), 4 months after grafting, 8 months investigation storage rates there was only 30%.For grafting survival
The problem of low, not yet germinateed with branch in mid or late January, 2016 in by the end of December, 2015 in and carry on grafting work for principle
Make.
The purpose of grafting：Carry out Grafting Experiment, grope graft technology.Emphasis in garden carries out grafting using select tree fringe bar,
For building clonal seed orchard or excellent material cutting orchard in next step.
Grafting time：On 2 10th, 2015.
Fringe bar source：(the tree crown first half current-year branch of 20 years raw 7 plant select trees is scion to Huaan Kingsoft forest farm select tree
Bar)
Fringe bar specification：Long 10cm, at least one gemma, rugosity 0.2-0.5cm.
Engrafting method：Full cut-grafting.
Management:
After grafting sprouting is put on display, shaded with the shading net of 50% light transmittance, 3 months after grafting, young sprout highly grows to 20-
Shading net is opened during 30cm, and periodically erases branch, the bud on stock every month, it is ensured that nutrient supply fringe bar.Then irregularly spray
Water, it is ensured that garden ground ground moistening.When new branch grows about 50cm, spray a small amount of composite fertilizer (3% aqueous solution), and irregularly into
Row hoes up weeds, loosens the soil.
Grafting survival, growing way investigation records
About 40 days after grafting, fringe bar starts to send sprouting successively, many fringe bars do not send out sprouting and gradually it is withered.Some fringes
Although bar sends sprouting, but withered successively soon.In terms of investigation result, the fringe bar of 40 days about 60% can be sent out newly after grafting
Bud, but only 30% really survived.
Table 1 2015 year 2 month red cone grafting survival situation on the 10th
The effect of the present invention has：
(1) fringe bar of grafting, season are most important.It is then withered soon after many no germinations or germination, do not survive
Be essentially all old fringe bar (lignifying stiff wood) or do not have bud eye substantially.On the contrary, semi-lignified have bud eye substantially all
It is living.Seasonal relation is to the quality of fringe bar, and after early spring, fringe bar has all started to germinate, then grafting is difficult to survive.Therefore.As long as fringe bar
Qualification, the grasp of grafting season are proper, and graft survival rate is expected to up to 70%.
(2) fringe bar wants annual semi-lignified, and bud eye is full.Old branch bar, does not have the not all right of bud eye.
(3) stock is also red cone, and ground diameter wants 1.5-2.0cm.
(4) during grafting, stock height 10-20cm；Grafting season, to mid or late January, is not yet germinateed by the end of December with branch
For principle.
Embodiment 2：
1st, red cone Grafting Experiment situation
On January 22nd, 2016, on March 15th, 2016, in Fujian Province, Xianyou County expires blink wooden seedling garden Specialty Co-operative Organization, with adopting
Select tree (20-25a lifes) tree crown first half branch from Kingsoft forest farm, Grafting Experiment 2 batches is carried out by stock of 2 years raw red cone seedlings
Secondary 339 plants, 40 days after grafting, the average fringe bar germination percentage of grafting on January 22 in 2016 is up to more than 70% (vacation having is living), and 3
The substantially all death of moon grafting on the 15th.After grafting 3 months investigate, the survival rate rate of scion rugosity 0.2-0.5cm up to 72%, and
Rugosity is more than 0.5cm or the survival rate less than 0.2cm only has 10-20%.Illustrate, scion rugosity should be controlled 0.2-0.5cm's
Raw branch, grafting time will be controlled before and after Great Cold then.
2nd, grafting time：On January 22nd, 2016, on March 15th, 2016
3rd, fringe bar source：Huaan Kingsoft forest farm select tree (tree crown first half current-year branch of 10 plants of raw 20-25 select trees
For scion bar)
Fringe bar specification：Long 10cm, at least one gemma.
4th, engrafting method：Full cut-grafting.
5th, manage:
After grafting sprouting is put on display, shaded with the shading net of 50% light transmittance, 3 months after grafting, young sprout highly grows to 20-
Shading net is opened during 30cm, and periodically erases branch, the bud on stock every month, it is ensured that nutrient supply fringe bar.Then irregularly spray
Water, it is ensured that garden ground ground moistening.When new branch grows about 50cm, spray a small amount of composite fertilizer (3% aqueous solution), and irregularly into
Row hoes up weeds, loosens the soil.
6th, grafting survival, growing way investigation records：
About 40 days after grafting, fringe bar starts to send sprouting successively, many too thick or too thin fringe bars do not send out sprouting and by
It is gradually withered.Although some fringe bars send sprouting, but withered successively soon.40 days ensemble averages are about in terms of investigation result, after grafting
There is 60% fringe bar to send out the graft survival rate for giving birth to scion then of sprouting, especially fringe bar rugosity in 0.2-0.5cm to reach
72%.
The red cone grafting survival situation of 2 different time of table
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of red cone engrafting method, it is characterised in that the red cone engrafting method includes：
Rooting rate, fringe bar selection tree crown first half current-year branch, the thick 0.2-0.5cm of branch, bud eye are obvious and full；
Adopt fringe time point：By the end of December to 2-5 days before and after mid or late January, that is, Great Cold solar term.
2. red cone engrafting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the red cone engrafting method specifically includes：
Step 1, grafting time selection：
, to mid or late January, not yet germinateed with branch by the end of December and bud eye is full for principle；
Step 2, Root-stock selection：
Choose 2 years raw red cone saplings, ground diameter wants 1.5cm-2.5cm, and stock is highly controlled in 10-15cm, while to stock into
Row pruning modes, and a side shoot is reserved below the top of stock；
Step 3, scion selection：
Fringe bar be select tree tree crown first half current-year branch, the thick 0.2-0.5cm of branch, bud eye it is obvious and it is full at least one
The fringe bar of gemma, during grafting scion retain long 10cm, leave 1-2 bud eye；
Step 4, grafting operation：
Grafting is carried out using full cut-grafting mode on stock during grafting, vertical incision 1-2cm, connects at the bast on stock top
Fringe lower part is whittled into the V-shaped shape of 1cm long, will scion be inserted into stock bast after tightened with grafting special plastic bag, allow scion and anvil
Wood is combined closely；
Step 5, manages after connecing：
After grafting sprouting is put on display, shaded with the shading net of 50% light transmittance, 3 months after grafting, when young sprout highly grows to 20-30cm
Shading net is opened, and periodically erases branch, bud on stock；Then irregularly spray water.
3. red cone engrafting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that when the new branch grows 50cm, it is multiple to spray 3%
Hefei aqueous solution or every Zhu Shi 20g composite fertilizers, and irregularly hoed up weeds, loosened the soil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810025091.2A CN107950220A (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | A kind of red cone engrafting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810025091.2A CN107950220A (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2018-01-11 | A kind of red cone engrafting method |
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| CN107950220A true CN107950220A (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110268873A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | The grafting seedlings-growing method of castanopsis concinna |
| CN112219579A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Construction method and application of castanopsis hystrix juvenile cutting orchard |
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| CN102805006A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-12-05 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Improved method for great castanopsis hystrix tree high-position grafting |
| CN105052527A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-18 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | Seedling cultivating method combining rose grafting and cuttage |
| CN106134805A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-23 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of oriental cherry grafting hestening rooting |
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2018
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN102805006A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-12-05 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Improved method for great castanopsis hystrix tree high-position grafting |
| CN105052527A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-18 | 宜宾云辰乔木园林有限责任公司 | Seedling cultivating method combining rose grafting and cuttage |
| CN106134805A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-23 | 杭州市园林绿化股份有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of oriental cherry grafting hestening rooting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110268873A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | The grafting seedlings-growing method of castanopsis concinna |
| CN112219579A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Construction method and application of castanopsis hystrix juvenile cutting orchard |
| CN112219579B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-06-11 | 广东省林业科学研究院 | Construction method and application of castanopsis hystrix juvenile cutting orchard |
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