CN108934664A - One seed pod leaf dual-purpose mulberry cultural method - Google Patents
One seed pod leaf dual-purpose mulberry cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934664A CN108934664A CN201810414776.6A CN201810414776A CN108934664A CN 108934664 A CN108934664 A CN 108934664A CN 201810414776 A CN201810414776 A CN 201810414776A CN 108934664 A CN108934664 A CN 108934664A
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 claims description 16
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- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/14—Catching by adhesive surfaces
- A01M1/145—Attracting and catching insects using combined illumination or colours and adhesive surfaces
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a seed pod leaf dual-purpose cultural method, including orchard establishment, nursery, field planting, grafting, beta pruning step, further includes water and fertilizer management measure and pest control measure；The grafting is grafted with " Yun Sang 1 " for stock using light leaf mulberry races as scion；Ridging and keep ridge body structure in the growing area of mulberry field, transplant two rows of mulberry treies on ridge, the two rows mulberry tree Heterogeneous Permutations, the mulberry tree row's spacing transplanted on ridge is 60cm, arrange in spacing in the rows be 30cm；Lay drip irrigation appliance in ridge top.Inventor is Yanbian, Sichuan Province county using the method for the present invention discovery in experiment area, and it is control with periphery traditional cultivation mode, sorosis output increased 30% ~ 120%, mulberry yield is without significant changes that the cultivation mode, mu leaf yield, which all reaches 2800kg or more,.0.8 ~ 1.1 times of fruit increase of production, soluble solid content is up to 24 ~ 29.25%, and compares only 18 ~ 20%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arable farming fields, are related to the cultural method of mulberry tree, and in particular to the cultivation of fruit leaf dual-purpose mulberry tree
Method.
Background technique
In kind of a mulberry region, especially in Liangshan, Sichuan Dechang County and Panzhihua City Yanbian County the two " townshiies Guo Sangzhi ",
Coordinate and tradeoff fruit mulberry is picked and the two production activities of breeding silkworms, is current urgent problem.Since the value of sorosis exists
It is just further suggested and deeply excavates within nearly 2 years, the previous research for lacking this respect.For this industry in the excessive phase,
Fruit leaf dual-purpose can ensure the interests of most of silkworm raisers, increase the income of peasant.
In realizing process of the present invention, inventor's discovery at least has the problem that in the prior art
Fruit leaf dual-purpose mulberry had not only required higher fruit matter, but also required have higher leaf-making quantity, and on the production time also
Certain overlapping, picking fruit mulberry for breed silkworms influence it is maximum be exactly silkworm in spring cultivation, and the cultivation of silkworm in spring be 1 year sericulture
The part of Income Maximum, accounts for about 50%.
Therefore, the main purpose of inventor is to increase the yield of mulberry fruit under the premise of attempting to ensure that silkworm in spring high-quality cultivation
With promotion mulberry fruit quality.
Summary of the invention
Coordinate to increase with mulberry fruit yield/quality in consideration of it, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the high-quality cultivation of silkworm in spring
Cultivation technique problem.
Inventor passes through long-term exploration and trial and multiple experiment and effort, continuous reform and innovation, to solve
The above technical problem, technical solution provided by the invention are to provide a seed pod leaf dual-purpose cultural method, including orchard establishment, nursery, fixed
It plants, grafting, beta pruning step, further includes water and fertilizer management measure and pest control measure；The grafting, with " Yun Sang 1 " for anvil
Wood is grafted using light leaf mulberry races as scion；Ridging and ridge body structure is kept in the growing area of mulberry field, width 0.7m, ridge on ridge
Lower width 1.2m, the high 0.2m in ridge, transplant two rows of mulberry treies on ridge, the two rows mulberry tree Heterogeneous Permutations, the mulberry tree row's spacing transplanted on ridge
For 60cm, arranging interior spacing in the rows is 30cm；Lay drip irrigation appliance in ridge top.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the mulberry field orchard establishment time are winter 12
Month, in orchard establishment for the first time, need to deep plough 30cm or more, and will turn over by the organic fertilizer of 5000kg per acre into soil, select soil property pine
It is soft, water source is secure, well-ventilated, neutral meta-acid, non-salt-soda soil soil.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method, the mulberry field include nursery lot, mulberry tree according to the present invention
Three parts such as growing area, reservoir educate No. 1 seedling of Yun Sang in nursery lot, and the seed sowing time is by the end of February.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the pest control measure are to use
Black light lamp or the sticking yellow paper of lanyard, averagely per acre 3 ~ 5 with sticking yellow paper and 1 black light lamp.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the grafting scion select diameter be 7 ~
12mm, 1-2 raw nursery stock；The long 2cm of branch is only stayed before fringe grafting, remaining cuts off, and grafts from branch base portion.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the water and fertilizer management measure include irrigating
Measure is irrigated using rich water integration, and using a small amount of multiple principle, development of system is to irrigate 2L water per hour,
Every time irrigate 0.5 ~ 1 hour, irrigation time in the morning 8 points start or at night 6 points start；Keep ground moistening, soil moisture content
Time lower than 30% is no more than 3 days.Wherein, supporting fruiting period, to be that mulberry fruit changes by blueness red until at very mature this section of fruit
Between, usually late March, mulberry field was not irrigated to during late April；Supporting the leaf phase is that mulberry leaf picking is bred silkworms first 15 days, and mulberry field is not
It irrigates and applies fertilizer.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the water and fertilizer management measure include fertilising
Measure is applied fertilizer 2 ~ 4 times every year, and annual amount of application is 100kg per acre.Fertilizer uses water soluble fertilizer, and fertilizer is dissolved in water storage
Chi Zhong is applied fertilizer using rich water integration irrigation system.
The fertilising of spring fruiting period uses a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (microelement type), applies fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time, balanced fruit mulberry and silkworm and mulberry,
The a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (microelement type) of 16-10-30 is selected, annual amount of application 40kg, micronutrient total content is not
Lower than 0.3%, boron content accounts for microelement total content ratio greater than 80% in microelement.
Mulberry fruit picks not nitrogen fertilizer application after mulberry fruit, can be characterized according to mulberry leaf, suitably application ca and mg fertilizer, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.Soil
In effectively zinc < 2.0mg/kg, when effective boron < 1.0mg/kg, effective iron < 15.0mg/kg, just should microelement-supplementing, can be
Spring combines fertilizer applied in the spring season to apply together with organic fertilizer mixing.When zinc, asiderosis, 1~2kg zinc sulfate and EDDHA- are applied per acre
Fe.When boron deficiency, 200g/ mus of holding force boron is applied using underground or the happy boron of foliage-spray speed supplements.The application of ca and mg fertilizer is according to mulberry
The density of tree determines, average every plant of application 15g magnesium sulfate and 10g calcium sulfate.
The annual summer needs to apply a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (moderate-element type) after cutting down, and 25-10-10 is selected in point 1 ~ 2 fertilising
A great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (moderate-element type), annual amount of application 60kg, middle element nutrient total content be not less than 1%, micro member
Calcium-magnesium content accounts for microelement total content ratio greater than 80% in element.
Other times do not apply fertilizer according to rainfall and soil drought degree moisturizing.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the drip irrigation appliance are drip irrigation pipe, drop
Fill pipe and be mounted on ridge middle part, increase with laying black cloth above drip irrigation pipe, the black cloth cover ridge upper surface.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the drip irrigation appliance are multi-functionally
Cloth, the multi-functional ground cloth include irrigation water band, Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank, and the Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank distinguish position
In irrigation water band two sides, described ground cloth main wing is woven by PP flat filament, is provided with reflective layer on a face of PP flat filament, described
Drip irrigation hole is provided on irrigation water band.
A specific embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to the present invention, the Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank are equal
For 9 needle knitting cloth, the reflective layer is located at ground cloth upper surface, and the drip irrigation hole is located at irrigation water band lower surface.
Compared with prior art, a technical solution in above-mentioned technical proposal has the advantages that
1, inventor is Yanbian, Sichuan Province county using the method for the present invention discovery in experiment area, and the cultivation mode, mu leaf yield all reaches
2800kg or more is control with periphery traditional cultivation mode, and sorosis output increased 30% ~ 120%, mulberry yield is without significant changes.
0.8 ~ 1.1 times of fruit increase of production, soluble solid content is up to 24 ~ 29.25%, and compares only 18 ~ 20%.
2, the mulberry brown spot of spring and autumn has obtained effective control, and general periphery is all serious brown spot, occurring degree compared with
Gently.
3, it is bred silkworms using the mulberry leaf that the method for the present invention is cultivated, cocoon shell increases by 9.52% again, and filament length increases by 10%.
4, annual fruit mulberry takes in 8000 ~ 10000 yuan/mu, than compareing high 3000 ~ 5000 yuan/mu.
5, can be increased income by interplanting between wide row: when Yanbian County is demonstrated, spring interplants watermelon, when annual value of production increases income per acre
3000 yuan；When Dechang County is demonstrated, winter kind wheat increases income 400 yuan/mu, or interplanting potato increases income 1000 yuan.Summer all interplants
Corn increases income 500 yuan per acre.
6,60 person-times of labor cost recruitment of the annual weeding of the present invention, average per person's daily working hour is 4 hours.Control
Periphery uses 180 person-times every year, flat army working hour 6.2 hours for each person every day.
7, the present invention increases 80 yuan compared with periphery using fertilizer cost per acre.Control is not applied fertilizer substantially, or only every
The cost of 20 yuan of mu applies pure urea.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to use required in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not to be seen as
It is the restriction to range, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with root
Other relevant attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is mulberry field growing area schematic cross-section in fruit leaf dual-purpose mulberry cultural method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is top view in the growing area of mulberry field in fruit leaf dual-purpose mulberry cultural method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is multi-functional ground cloth sectional schematic diagram in one preferred embodiment of fruit leaf dual-purpose mulberry cultural method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the bottom view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of Fig. 3.
In figure: 100 mulberry treies, 200 drip irrigation appliances, the ground 201 drip irrigation holes, 202a cloth right flank, 202b Di Bu left wing, L1 wide row
It is wide on the wide, ridge L2, the slope L3 is wide, the ridge L4 is high.
Specific embodiment
It is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below with attached drawing.
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below in conjunction with the present invention
The technical solution in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described in attached drawing in mode, it is clear that described reality
The mode of applying is some embodiments of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 is participated in, 100 mulberry treies in figure, 200 drip irrigation appliances, the ground 201 drip irrigation holes, the 202a ground cloth right flank, 202b cloth
Left wing, L1 wide row be wide, on the ridge L2 it is wide, the slope L3 is wide, the ridge L4 is high.Fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method described in the present embodiment, including
Orchard establishment, nursery, field planting, grafting, beta pruning step further include water and fertilizer management measure and pest control measure.
1, site preparation orchard establishment
A) the orchard establishment time is December in winter；For the first time when orchard establishment, need to deep plough 30cm or more, and will turn over by the organic fertilizer of 5000kg per acre
It ploughs into soil,
B) the wide L1:1.5m of wide row；Narrow row is wide: 1.2m；Narrow row ridging；Width L2:0.7m on narrow row ridge；It is wide under narrow row ridge: 1.2m is narrow
The wide L3:0.25m in row slope；The high L4:0.2m in ridge；
C) length: can increased or decreased according to landform；
D) spacing in the rows in row: 0.3m；1400 plants/acre of planting density；
E) ridge direction: avoiding huge shade body, such as massif, the woods first, preferentially suitable by East and West direction；
F) on hillside, the place in soil is not arranged using along slope, the place for having arranged soil is planted using horizontal slope；
G) environmental condition: preferential selection soil property is soft, topsoil is greater than secure 25cm, water source, well-ventilated, neutral meta-acid, non-
The soil in salt-soda soil；
If h) mountainous region hillside fields, then selection tailo half light hillside fields is needed.
This cropping pattern is suitable for petty-farmer management, 50 ~ 80 mu of garden area, bad more than 80 mu of all management, and has
Higher labor cost.
2, garden is laid out
Mulberry field includes three parts such as nursery lot, mulberry tree growing area, reservoir.
3, seedling nursery
A) 10 square metres of the nursery lot occupied area of nursery；
B) No. 1 seedling of Yun Sang is educated；The seed sowing time is by the end of February.
4, it is colonized
By the field planting of mulberry tree 100 on ridge.Surface planting: the depth of planting buries mulberry sapling rootstock 5cm.
5, it grafts:
A) it is grafted for stock using light leaf mulberry (milk mulberry) kind as scion with " Yun Sang 1 "；
B) the nursery stock diameter that grafting is selected is best between 7.0 ~ 12mm；
C) it is grafted using the raw nursery stock of 1-2；
D) at scion grafting more than stay 2-3 bud, stay the long 20cm of branch, remaining cuts off.
6, water-saving irrigation
Stem is located at beside reservoir, singly builds 1-2 square metres of cabin for protecting water-saving irrigation system stem.Stem forms successively
For water inlet pipe, suction pump, sandrock filter, disc-type filter, outlet pipe, field network.Drip irrigation appliance 200 is field official website
A part.Stem water inlet pipe connects reservoir；Field network material supervisor uses pvc pipe, and drip irrigation pipe is managed using PE, drip irrigation pipe
Mono- water dropper of every 0.9m.Trickle irrigation or drip irrigation zone are laid in middle part on ridge when orchard establishment, then (use 1.5m in cloth virgin material black is routed over
Wide specification), ground cloth both ends are pressed under ridge in necromancer.Ridge top is in micro- arch.Alternatively, drip irrigation appliance 200 is multi-functional ground cloth, institute
Stating multi-functional ground cloth includes irrigation water band, Di Bu left wing 202b and ground cloth right flank 202a, and the Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank are divided
Not Wei Yu irrigation water band two sides, described ground cloth main wing weaves by PP flat filament, be provided with reflective layer on a face of PP flat filament,
Drip irrigation hole 201 is provided on the irrigation water band.The Di Bu left wing 202b and ground cloth right flank 202a is 9 needle knitting cloth, institute
It states reflective layer and is located at ground cloth upper surface, the drip irrigation hole 201 is located at irrigation water band lower surface.
7, cropping pattern
A) on narrow row ridge: mulberry tree is two rows of, Heterogeneous Permutation, is spaced 30cm dense planting.
B) wide row: intercropping and interplanting.Spring interplants watermelon, when annual value of production can increase income 3000 yuan per acre；Winter kind wheat, works as annual output
Value can increase income 400 yuan/mu per acre, or interplanting potato can increase income 1000 yuan per acre.Summer interplanting corn can increase income 500 per acre
Member.
8, beta pruning
Twice, respectively the winter is cut down cuts down with the summer for annual beta pruning.Winter is cut down to carry out in the last week Winter Solstice current year, and the summer is cut down as the Beginning of summer current year left side
It is right.It is cut using low, cutting cutting height degree is 10cm, that is, cuts off all branches higher than ridge face 20cm or more；
A) returning to the field is to wide row after the polished rod branch that leaves of trimming crushes.
B) retain effective branch number 3-4 item.If the potato of interplanting, late autumn potato harvest time retardation to May, digging are adopted
Potato and summer are cut down to be operated together.
9, mulberry leaf are picked
A) when mulberry leaf are bred silkworms, when picking, first picks middle and lower part blade, and upper blade will retain, and can not only stay top vane, especially
It is in 3-4 age, not so the later period is unable to satisfy the mulberry leaf supply of fifth instar larva.
B) when spring picking blade, axillary bud need to be protected.
10, it applies fertilizer
A) it applies fertilizer 2 ~ 4 times, using a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (microelement type), fertilizer is dissolved in reservoir every year, used
Rich water integration irrigation system is applied fertilizer, fertilizer applied in the spring season 1 ~ 2 time for balanced fruit mulberry and silkworm and mulberry, the Application Ratio of N P and K is
10:8:10；Summer applies fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time after cutting down, and the Application Ratio of N P and K is 10:3:4；Other times are according to rainfall and soil drought journey
Spend moisturizing；
B) the annual summer cut down after need to apply an a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (moderate-element type)；
C) not nitrogen fertilizer application after mulberry fruit picking mulberry fruit, can characterize according to mulberry leaf, suitably application ca and mg fertilizer, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.
D) mulberry leaf picking is bred silkworms first 15 days, and mulberry field is not irrigated and applies fertilizer.
11, it irrigates
It is irrigated using rich water integration apparatus；It is irrigated using a small amount of multiple principle.Irrigation time is from 8 points of morning or evening
6 points start, and irrigate 0.5 ~ 1 hour every time, and development of system is 2L water per hour.Ground moistening is kept, soil moisture content is not
Lower than 30%, time of the soil moisture content lower than 30% is no more than 3 days, otherwise must irrigate.Wherein, supporting fruiting period is that mulberry fruit is opened by blueness
Beginning, variation is red up to fruit very mature this period, and usually late March, mulberry field was not irrigated to during late April；Support leaf
Phase is that mulberry leaf picking is bred silkworms first 15 days, and mulberry field is not irrigated and applies fertilizer.It only irrigates when sericulture and does not apply fertilizer.
12, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Using black light lamp or the sticking yellow paper of lanyard, do not use pesticide generally, it is average per acre 3 ~ 5 with sticking yellow paper and
1 black light lamp；If meeting with extensive pest and disease damage, corresponding pesticide must be used.Using pesticide, burn off branch is needed after cutting down branch, is stopped
The only sericulture of 1-2 batch.
13, managing of mulberry field
Annual winter needs to check ridge body, and body collapsing in ridge then needs repairing ridge body.
Inventor is Yanbian, Sichuan Province county using the method for the present invention discovery in experiment area, and the cultivation mode, mu leaf yield is all
It is control with periphery traditional cultivation mode, sorosis output increased 30% ~ 120%, mulberry yield is without significant change up to 2800kg or more
Change.0.8 ~ 1.1 times of fruit increase of production, soluble solid content is up to 24 ~ 29.25%, and compares only 18 ~ 20%.
The mulberry brown spot of spring and autumn has obtained effective control, and general periphery is all serious brown spot, and occurring degree is lighter.
It is bred silkworms using the mulberry leaf that the method for the present invention is cultivated, cocoon shell increases by 9.52% again, and filament length increases by 10%.
Annual fruit mulberry takes in 8000 ~ 10000 yuan/mu, than compareing high 3000 ~ 5000 yuan/mu.
Can be increased income by interplanting between wide row: when Yanbian County is demonstrated, spring interplants watermelon, when annual value of production increases income per acre
3000 yuan；When Dechang County is demonstrated, winter kind wheat increases income 400 yuan/mu, or interplanting potato increases income 1000 yuan.Summer all interplants
Corn increases income 500 yuan per acre.
60 person-times of the labor cost recruitment of the annual weeding of the present invention, average per person's daily working hour are 4 hours.Control week
Side uses 180 person-times every year, flat army working hour 6.2 hours for each person every day.
The present invention increases 80 yuan compared with periphery using fertilizer cost per acre.Control is not applied fertilizer substantially, or only per acre
20 yuan of cost applies pure urea.
A great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (moderate-element type), a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (microelement type) of the present embodiment use are changed
Fertilizer is market products, such as Shandong Gao Pin agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd professional production such chemical fertilizer.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.
Claims (10)
1. a seed pod leaf dual-purpose cultural method, which is characterized in that including orchard establishment, nursery, field planting, grafting, beta pruning step, further include
Water and fertilizer management measure and pest control measure；The grafting, with " Yun Sang 1 " for stock, using light leaf mulberry races as scion
It is grafted；Ridging and ridge body structure is kept in the growing area of mulberry field, width 0.7m on ridge, width 1.2m under ridge, the high 0.2m in ridge are planted on ridge
Plant two rows of mulberry treies, the two rows mulberry tree Heterogeneous Permutations, the mulberry tree row's spacing transplanted on ridge is 60cm, arrange in spacing in the rows be 30cm；Ridge
Lay drip irrigation appliance in top.
2. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mulberry field orchard establishment time is winter 12
Month, in orchard establishment for the first time, need to deep plough 30cm or more, and will turn over by the organic fertilizer of 5000kg per acre into soil, select soil property pine
It is soft, water source is secure, well-ventilated, neutral meta-acid, non-salt-soda soil soil.
3. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the mulberry field includes nursery lot, mulberry
Three parts such as tree species growing area, reservoir educate No. 1 seedling of Yun Sang in nursery lot, and the seed sowing time is by the end of February.
4. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the pest control measure is to use
Black light lamp or the sticking yellow paper of lanyard, averagely per acre 3 ~ 5 with sticking yellow paper and 1 black light lamp.
5. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the grafting scion select diameter be 7 ~
12mm, 1-2 raw nursery stock；The long 2cm of branch is only stayed before fringe grafting, remaining cuts off, and grafts from branch base portion.
6. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water and fertilizer management measure includes irrigating
Measure is irrigated using the feeding fruiting period of rich water integration point and feeding leaf phase, and using a small amount of multiple principle, development of system is
Per hour irrigate 2L water, every time irrigate 0.5 ~ 1 hour, irrigation time in the morning 8 points start or at night 6 points start；Keep soil
Wet, time of the soil moisture content lower than 30% is no more than 3 days；Wherein, feeding fruiting period changes by blueness red until fruit for mulberry fruit
Very mature this period, usually late March, mulberry field was not irrigated to during late April；Supporting the leaf phase is that mulberry leaf picking is bred silkworms
First 15 days, mulberry field was not irrigated and applies fertilizer.
7. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water and fertilizer management measure includes fertilising
Measure, every year fertilising 2 ~ 4；Fertilizer uses water soluble fertilizer, and fertilizer is dissolved in reservoir, irrigates system using rich water integration
System applies fertilizer；The fertilising of spring fruiting period uses a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (microelement type), applies fertilizer 1 ~ 2 time, balanced fruit mulberry and silkworm
Mulberry selects the microelement type a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer of 16-10-30, and annual amount of application 40kg, micronutrient total content is not
Lower than 0.3%, boron content accounts for microelement total content ratio greater than 80% in microelement；The annual summer needs to apply a large amount of members after cutting down
Plain Water soluble fertilizer (moderate-element type), point 1 ~ 2 fertilising, selects the moderate-element type a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer of 25-10-10, annual
Amount of application 60kg, middle element nutrient total content are not less than 1%, and calcium-magnesium content accounts for microelement total content ratio in microelement
Greater than 80%.
8. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drip irrigation appliance is drip irrigation pipe, drop
Fill pipe and be mounted on ridge middle part, increase with laying black cloth above drip irrigation pipe, the black cloth cover ridge upper surface.
9. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drip irrigation appliance is multi-functionally
Cloth, the multi-functional ground cloth include irrigation water band, Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank, and the Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank distinguish position
In irrigation water band two sides, described ground cloth main wing is woven by PP flat filament, is provided with reflective layer on a face of PP flat filament, described
Drip irrigation hole is provided on irrigation water band.
10. fruit leaf dual-purpose cultural method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the Di Bu left wing and ground cloth right flank
It is 9 needle knitting cloth, the reflective layer is located at ground cloth upper surface, and the drip irrigation hole is located at irrigation water band lower surface.
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| CN113179850A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-30 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Improved ridge type shed frame for harvesting fruits and leaves and application and cultivation method thereof |
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