CN108925330A - A kind of leaf mulberry cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of leaf mulberry cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108925330A CN108925330A CN201810415687.3A CN201810415687A CN108925330A CN 108925330 A CN108925330 A CN 108925330A CN 201810415687 A CN201810415687 A CN 201810415687A CN 108925330 A CN108925330 A CN 108925330A
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of leaf mulberry cultural method, ridging and keeps ridge body structure in mulberry field, and row spacing 0.5m, the high 0.2m in ridge, mulberry sapling are transplanted on ridge；Mulberry sapling is transplanted according to following spacing：The wide 1.5m of wide row, the wide 0.4m of narrow row, the interior spacing in the rows 0.5m of row.1, by experimental verification, it is control, output increased 20%-40% with the cultivation mode of periphery 6215+ conventional fertilizer application that using cultivation mode of the present invention, mulberry leaf mu leaf yield, which reaches 2600kg or more,.Mulberry field is significantly improved in rainy season drainability, is conducive to the growth of mulberry sapling, increases mulberry sapling growing way.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arable farming fields, are related to the cultural method of mulberry tree, and in particular to the leaf cultural method of mulberry tree.
Background technique
Mulberry tree is perennial plant, should consider quickly to increase when formulating planting density with the strong characteristic of branchiness
It produces, more to consider long-term stable high yield.
Mulberry field plantation and reasonable interplanting management are to establish one of high yield, the essential condition in high-quality, efficient mulberry field, and mulberry tree is
Perennial woody leaf is with plant, and how improving the economic benefit in land area of one unit mulberry field, also just to become silkworm and mulberry practitioner long
Phase research project, it be related to sericulture whether sustainable development.Ningnan County " 6215 " mulberry field cropping pattern and interplanting are studied, and are begun
In 2006, by test of many times comparative study, larger effect has been obtained.During the prior art thinks that " 6215 " mode will be led
State's sericulture there develops new future.
" 6215 " cultural method is as follows.
1.1 plant specifications
Narrow Rows Planting Mulberry Grounds press " 6215 " planting method, i.e. 6 ruler of wide row (2 meters), 2 ruler of narrow row (0.67 meter), 1.5 ruler of spacing in the rows (0.5 meter)
Triangle misplace plant mode, mu plant 800-1000 plants.
1.2 grafting periods and variety selection
Skin is cut to bud grafting method using winter, grafting in 10 days or so is advisable before and after the beginning of spring.Mulberry races selects leaf yield height, the food value of leaf
The excellent variety such as cloud mulberry No. 1, Jiangling 20, the Fengtian No. 5 good, aging is slow, branch is upright.
1.3 mulberry treies support type
Type method is supported using " 663 ", it is relatively low in tree-like to form.When treelet tree-walk length to 2.5cm or so, at away from ground 20cm
Graft bud, when First Year winter beta pruning cuts off in good mulberry fringe bar 20cm eminence, becomes level-one branch, when second year beta pruning
It is cut off in annotinous branch 10cm eminence, becomes second level branch, tree-shaped is formed.2-3 bud is stayed cut cutting down when later annual beta pruning,
0.5-0.7 centimeters reverse slope is stayed to cut off branch above terminal bud, to tree-like inclined, Gao Shi is cut off by the waist at second level branch top, with
2-3 bud is stayed cut cutting down afterwards and every year.
In realizing process of the present invention, inventor has found that existing " 6215 " mode at least has the disadvantages that：
1, mulberry field rainy season drainage effect is poor, excessive in Soil Moisture Content during Rainy Seasons, and level of ground water is high, and it is close that soil water saturation region invades root system
Collect layer, make root system long term hypoxia, causes growing of mulberry depauperation and the underproduction；
2, under the weather conditions of the Sichuan Basin, season in spring and autumn mulberry tree growing way is weak, and pest and disease damage is serious；
3, narrow row does not have utility value, wasting space.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, first technical problem to be solved by this invention is the problem of mulberry field rainy season drainability difference.
In consideration of it, second technical problem to be solved by this invention is that mulberry field space utilization is worth low problem.
In consideration of it, third technical problem to be solved by this invention is the weak problem of season in spring and autumn mulberry tree growing way.
Inventor passes through long-term exploration and trial and multiple experiment and effort, continuous reform and innovation, to solve
The above technical problem, technical solution provided by the invention are to provide a kind of leaf mulberry cultural method, ridging and keep ridge in mulberry field
Body structure, row spacing 0.5m, the high 0.2m in ridge, mulberry sapling are transplanted on ridge；Mulberry sapling is transplanted according to following spacing：The wide 1.5m of wide row, narrow row
Wide 0.4m, the interior spacing in the rows 0.5m of row.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention installs water-fertilizer integral trickle irrigation system in the mulberry field
System, the drip irrigation system include more to mulberry sapling water supply/fertilizer drip irrigation pipe, are evenly equipped with multiple water droppers in the drip irrigation pipe；It is described
Drip irrigation pipe is laid in two inner side edge of narrow row, and the spacing of adjacent two water dropper is 0.9m in same drip irrigation pipe；Same narrow row
The water dropper Heterogeneous Permutation of two interior drip irrigation pipes.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention, the mulberry sapling is by fertile 4-5 times every year, using rich water
Integrated irrigation system is applied fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Application Ratio be 10：6：6.Preferably, mulberry sapling is by fertilizer annual 5 times.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention, upward, single trickle irrigation flow is 2L/ to the water dropper
H, each irrigation water 0.5-1h；Soil moisture is not less than 30% on the ridge.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention plants white flower clover in the narrow row for a long time,
Interplanting creepers vegetables and fruits, root-mustard or short-term vegetables in the wide row.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention, the mulberry field selection soil property is soft, topsoil is greater than
25cm, water source be secure, well-ventilated, neutral meta-acid, non-salt-soda soil soil；For the first time when orchard establishment, need to deep plough 30cm or more, and
It will turn over by the organic fertilizer of 5000kg per acre into soil；The orchard establishment time be December in winter, 30 ~ 50 mu of garden area.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention, the mulberry sapling be grafting, the grafting with
" Yuesang 11 " is stock, using No. 14 mulberry tree breeds of strong mulberry No. 2 or farming and sericulture as scion；The stock is first colonized in mulberry field,
It is grafted again after field planting survival；The field planting uses surface planting, and the depth of planting buries mulberry sapling rootstock 5cm；The Root-stock selection
Diameter is the raw nursery stock of 1-2 of 0.7-1.2cm；Retain 2-3 bud in the scion, length 20cm is left and taken in scion, remaining cuts off.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention, twice, being divided into the winter cuts down for the annual beta pruning of mulberry sapling
It is cut down with the summer；Winter is cut down to carry out in the last week Winter Solstice current year, and the summer is cut down as the progress of the Beginning of summer current year；It cuts when cutting down, cuts off higher than ridge face 20cm
All of above branch, and retain effective branch number 6 ~ 8；It trims the branch that leaves to abandon in narrow row, natural degradation returning to the field.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention installs black light lamp in the mulberry field or with toughness
Yellow paper；Averagely per acre 3 ~ 5 with sticking yellow paper or 1 black light lamp.
An embodiment of leaf mulberry cultural method according to the present invention, the mulberry leaf on the mulberry sapling, in priority of supply under
Portion's blade retained upper blade before 5 age of silkworm, can not only retain top vane.
Compared with prior art, a technical solution in above-mentioned technical proposal has the following advantages that：
1, by experimental verification, using cultivation mode of the present invention, mulberry leaf mu leaf yield reaches 2600kg or more, normal with periphery 6215+
The cultivation mode of rule fertilising is control, output increased 20%-40%.
2, mulberry field is significantly improved in rainy season drainability, is conducive to the growth of mulberry sapling, increases mulberry sapling growing way.
3, by water and fertilizer management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, in spring, when there is mulberry leaf appearance extensive mulberry ring spot in control,
Mode of the present invention plants lower mulberry tree and only has few blade to show ring spot illness；In the fall, there is extensive red spider in control
When insect pest, the illness of mulberry tree red spider is extremely light under mode of the present invention, advantageously ensures that the stable yield of mulberry leaf.
4,30 mu of Demonstration Garden, normal control mode peasant household whole year breed silkworms 50, peasant household's whole year sericulture 70 under mode of the present invention
?.Annual total income is in 8000 ~ 12000 yuan/mu, and net income 10 ~ 130,000, higher by 3 than control ~ 4.5 ten thousand yuan, cost of labor obtains greatly
Width saving.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to use required in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not to be seen as
It is the restriction to range, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with root
Other relevant attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is leaf of the present invention mulberry field schematic cross-section in mulberry cultural method.
In figure：100 ridges, 200 mulberry saplings, 300 water pipes, A narrow row, B wide row, L1 row spacing, L2 narrow row are wide, L3 wide row is wide.
Specific embodiment
It is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below with attached drawing.
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below in conjunction with the present invention
The technical solution in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described in attached drawing in mode, it is clear that described reality
The mode of applying is some embodiments of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.
The mulberry cultural method of leaf described in the present embodiment, sample plot are located at Sichuan Qingshen County, mulberry field select soil property it is soft,
Topsoil is greater than the soil in secure 25cm, water source, well-ventilated, neutral meta-acid, non-salt-soda soil；For the first time when orchard establishment, need to deep plough
30cm or more, and the decomposed oil cake by 5000kg per acre is turned over into soil；The orchard establishment time is December in winter, garden area 30
~ 50 mu.As shown in Figure 1, ridging 100 and keeping ridge body structure in mulberry field, row spacing L1 is 0.5m, the high 0.2m in ridge, mulberry sapling 200 in mulberry field
It transplants on ridge 100；Mulberry sapling is transplanted according to following spacing：Wide row B wide L3 is 1.5m, and narrow row A wide L2 is 0.4m, spacing in the rows in row
0.5m.Mulberry sapling is grafting, and the grafting for stock, is made with " Yuesang 11 " with No. 14 mulberry tree breeds of strong mulberry No. 2 or farming and sericulture
For scion；The stock is first colonized in mulberry field, is grafted again after field planting survival；Described be colonized uses surface planting, the depth of planting,
Bury mulberry sapling rootstock 5cm；The Root-stock selection diameter is the raw nursery stock of 1-2 of 0.7-1.2cm；Retain 2-3 in the scion
Length 20cm is left and taken in a bud, scion, remaining cuts off.Twice, be divided into the winter cuts down and cuts down with the summer the annual beta pruning of mulberry sapling；Winter was cut down as Winter Solstice current year
It is carried out in the last week, the summer is cut down as the progress of the Beginning of summer current year；It cuts when cutting down, cuts off higher than all of above branch of ridge face 20cm, and remain with
Effect branch number 6 ~ 8；It trims the branch that leaves to abandon in narrow row, natural degradation returning to the field.White flower axle is planted in narrow row for a long time
Grass, interplanting creepers vegetables and fruits, root-mustard or short-term vegetables in the wide row.
Mulberry leaf on mulberry sapling, priority of supply middle and lower part blade retained upper blade before 5 age of silkworm, can not only retain top
Portion's blade.
Water-fertilizer integral drip irrigation system is installed in mulberry field, the drip irrigation system includes more to mulberry sapling water supply/fertilizer drop
Pipe 300 is filled, is evenly equipped with multiple water droppers in the drip irrigation pipe 300；The drip irrigation pipe 300 is laid in two inner side edge of narrow row A, together
The spacing of adjacent two water dropper is 0.9m in one drip irrigation pipe；The water dropper Heterogeneous Permutation of two drip irrigation pipes in same narrow row.
Mulberry sapling is by fertile 4-5 times annual.The present embodiment uses decomposed silkworm excrement as applying fertilizer, annual fertilising 5 times.Winter
11 winter at the end of month of season cut down rear and summer June summer cut down after decomposed silkworm excrement organic fertilizer is turned over into soil using mini-tiller.Silkworm excrement
The amount of ploughing under is 2000kg.Since the decomposed rear nutrient of silkworm excrement is unbalanced, in silkworm in spring（Mid-April ~ early June）, early autumn silkworm（7 below the moon
Ten days ~ late August）, mid-autumn silkworm（Late August to late September）, late fall（Late September to late October）After being cut down with the summer（Late June
To the last ten-days period moon）, mulberry field needs to impose inorganic fertilizer.It is applied fertilizer using rich water integration irrigation system, the fertilizer applied is
Liquid fertilizer, the principle applied fertilizer every time according to " repeatedly a small amount of ", by the liquid fertilizer amount of application of 30kg is divided into 2 ~ 3 groups per acre every time
Application, administration interval time apply for 10 days or so according to weather condition, at interval.The nitrogen of liquid fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium Application Ratio
It is 10：6：6.After summer is cut down, microelement is applied using rich water integration irrigation system, microelement dosage is each CaSO per acre4
30g、ZnSO4 20g、MgSO410g, FeSO45g, CuSO4 5g。
In rich water integration irrigation system, upward, single trickle irrigation flow is 2L/h, each irrigation water 0.5-1h to water dropper；Institute
It states soil moisture on ridge and is not less than 30%, encounter Continuous Drought, need to carry out water-saving irrigation according to the principle of " a small amount of multiple ".
Black light lamp is installed or with sticking yellow paper in mulberry field；Averagely per acre 3 ~ 5 with sticking yellow paper or 1 black light
Lamp.The annual summer is cut down cut down with the winter after need to whitewash to mulberry tree trunk, and to narrow row spraying insecticide, to protect mulberry tree master
It is dry, prevent trunk borer.White-out agent is self-control copper sulphate lime white-out agent（Copper sulphate 500g, quick lime 10kg, water 25kg）.It kills
Worm agent is the 50% Folithion emulsion for diluting 80 times, per acre insecticide dosage about 20g.
Inventor is tracked by long-term research, and it is anti-to have recorded nearly 3 years soil fertility, mulberry yield and pest and disease damage
Effect data is controlled, and is compared with " 6215 "+conventional fertilizer application mode of the same period, specific Contrast on effect is as follows.
One improvement of soil fertility Contrast on effect of table.
。
For normal mode compared with mode of the present invention, mulberry field is located at the different plot of the same area, weather conditions, geographical conditions
It is identical, because belonging to different plot, the total nitrogen content of native land earth, the content of organic matter, available phosphorus content and Soil Available potassium content
The certain difference of objective reality.But in terms of the content balance of soil N, P, K and organic matter before and after the orchard establishment of mulberry field, the method for the present invention
The fertility that soil can be significantly improved, for the negative growth of conventional method N, organic matter and P, the effect with highly significant
Fruit.Meanwhile the content amplification of K is bigger.The soil fertility condition of soil directly determines the yield of mulberry leaf.
Two mulberry leaf harvest yield average yield per mu effect of table
The long leaf yield of the every meter of item of table three
Under the present embodiment mode, branch length is than control（6215+ conventional fertilizer application）Long 50 ~ 80cm, the long leaf yield of every meter of item
Up to 160g or more.
From table two and table three as can be seen that using this mode, the yield of mulberry leaf is more stable, and 6215 cropping patterns add often
Fertilization mode is advised, mulberry yield is low, and output fluctuation is big, is affected in particular by weather conditions and pest and disease damage.2016
Spring ring spot, the outburst of autumn brown spot, influence detail to mulberry yield.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of leaf mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that ridging and keep ridge body structure in mulberry field, row spacing 0.5m, ridge is high
0.2m, mulberry sapling are transplanted on ridge；Mulberry sapling is transplanted according to following spacing：The wide 1.5m of wide row, the wide 0.4m of narrow row, the interior spacing in the rows 0.5m of row.
2. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that install water-fertilizer integral drop in the mulberry field
Fill system, the drip irrigation system include more to mulberry sapling water supply/fertilizer drip irrigation pipe, are evenly equipped with multiple water droppers in the drip irrigation pipe；
The drip irrigation pipe is laid in two inner side edge of narrow row, and the spacing of adjacent two water dropper is 0.9m in same drip irrigation pipe；It is same
The water dropper Heterogeneous Permutation of two drip irrigation pipes in narrow row.
3. leaf according to claim 1 or 2 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that the mulberry sapling is 4-5 times annual by fertilizer,
Applied fertilizer using rich water integration irrigation system, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Application Ratio be 10：6：6.
4. leaf according to claim 2 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that the water dropper upward, single trickle irrigation flow
For 2L/h, each irrigation water 0.5-1h；Soil moisture is not less than 30% on the ridge.
5. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that plant white flower axle in the narrow row for a long time
Grass, interplanting creepers vegetables and fruits, root-mustard or short-term vegetables in the wide row.
6. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that mulberry field selection soil property is soft, topsoil
Greater than 25cm, water source is secure, well-ventilated, neutral meta-acid, non-salt-soda soil soil；For the first time when orchard establishment, need to deep plough 30cm with
On, and will turn over by the organic fertilizer of 5000kg per acre into soil；The orchard establishment time be December in winter, 30 ~ 50 mu of garden area.
7. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that the mulberry sapling is grafting, the grafting
Seedling with " Yuesang 11 " be stock, using No. 14 mulberry tree breeds of strong mulberry No. 2 or farming and sericulture as scion；The stock is first fixed in mulberry field
It plants, is grafted again after field planting survival；The field planting uses surface planting, and the depth of planting buries mulberry sapling rootstock 5cm；The stock
Select diameter for the raw nursery stock of 1-2 of 0.7-1.2cm；Retaining 2-3 bud in the scion, length 20cm is left and taken in scion, remaining
It cuts off.
8. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that the annual beta pruning of mulberry sapling twice, is divided into
Winter is cut down to be cut down with the summer；Winter is cut down to carry out in the last week Winter Solstice current year, and the summer is cut down as the progress of the Beginning of summer current year；It cuts when cutting down, cuts off higher than ridge face
The all of above branch of 20cm, and retain effective branch number 6 ~ 8；It trims the branch left to abandon in narrow row, natural degradation is also
Field.
9. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that install black light lamp in the mulberry field or have
The yellow paper of viscosity；Averagely per acre 3 ~ 5 with sticking yellow paper or 1 black light lamp.
10. leaf according to claim 1 mulberry cultural method, which is characterized in that the mulberry leaf on the mulberry sapling, priority of supply
Middle and lower part blade retained upper blade before 5 age of silkworm, can not only retain top vane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810415687.3A CN108925330B (en) | 2018-05-03 | 2018-05-03 | Leaf mulberry cultivation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810415687.3A CN108925330B (en) | 2018-05-03 | 2018-05-03 | Leaf mulberry cultivation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108925330A true CN108925330A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| CN108925330B CN108925330B (en) | 2020-09-01 |
Family
ID=64448161
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114009280A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-08 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method of vegetable mulberry suitable for mechanical harvesting |
| CN116114520A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-16 | 承德医学院 | Fruit mulberry variety comparison method |
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| CN102939840A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-27 | 广西象州华佳蚕种场有限公司 | Cultivation method of mulberries in karst stony desertification mountain |
| CN104145653A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-11-19 | 刘万顺 | Cultivating method for planting low-trunk mulberry trees in two rows on one ridge and interplanting vegetables |
| CN104920148A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-23 | 傅美娜 | Mulberry garden intercropping soybean comprehensive planting pattern |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114009280A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-08 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method of vegetable mulberry suitable for mechanical harvesting |
| CN116114520A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-16 | 承德医学院 | Fruit mulberry variety comparison method |
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