CN107182469A - A kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL - Google Patents

A kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107182469A
CN107182469A CN201710160503.9A CN201710160503A CN107182469A CN 107182469 A CN107182469 A CN 107182469A CN 201710160503 A CN201710160503 A CN 201710160503A CN 107182469 A CN107182469 A CN 107182469A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
potato
seedling
alfisol
sweet potato
small plastic
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Pending
Application number
CN201710160503.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周东
周春卫
周强
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Qiuxian East Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Qiuxian East Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710160503.9A priority Critical patent/CN107182469A/en
Publication of CN107182469A publication Critical patent/CN107182469A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0231Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, belong to field of crop cultivation methods, especially belong to sweet potato nursery and cultivation field, including following operating procedure:Selection kind and select potato seed, prepare seedling bed, potato seed go to bed seeding, overlay film insulation, seedling management, collect seedling and transplant etc. in good time.The present invention summarizes the sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings for having formulated a set of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL according to Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL weather conditions, and ipomoea batatas seedling, in the case of not any temperature increasing facility, early March are cultivated using Small plastic shed(After Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) solar term)Progress is gone to bed seeding, the first tenday period of a month in May(Before the Beginning of summer solar term)With regard to high-quality, healthy and strong potato seedling growth can be cultivated, progress is collected seedling transplanting, with cost input is low, operational administrative is simple, transplanting time is flexible, the advantages of survival rate is high, technology is easily promoted is vast sweet potato planting household reduction production cost, improve the effective means of plantation income.

Description

A kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of crop cultivation methods, more particularly to a kind of sweet potato method for culturing seedlings field.
Background technology
Sweet potato is rich in protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acid, vitamin and several mineral materials, special health care Function makes consumer very like sweet potato, and sweet potato is also expanding year by year in the cultivated area of China, and sweet potato planting turns into vast Peasant household's adjustment agricultural planting structure, the preferred crop of increase wealth.In Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, average every mu of crop field needs plant 3300 Strain or so, planting household plants each mu of crop field sweet potato, at least needs to buy more than 3300 plants in sweet potato nursery enterprise or cooperative society Potato seedling growth, the price of every plant of potato seedling growth calculates by 0.08-0.1 members, and the potato seedling growth cost of average every mu of sweet potato accounts for sweet more than 330 yuan More than half of planting potato complete cost.
At present, the planting household of Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL is badly in need of a kind of sweet potato method for culturing seedlings, in the situation of not any temperature increasing facility Under, you can high-quality, healthy and strong seedling are cultivated, to reduce production cost, increase plantation income.
The content of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem of a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings is provided, covered using in Small plastic shed The mode of mulch film cultivates ipomoea batatas seedling, in the case of not any temperature increasing facility, the seedling healthy and strong with regard to that can cultivate high-quality, carries out Field-transplanting, with cost input is low, operational administrative is simple, transplanting time is flexible, the advantages of survival rate is high, technology is easily promoted.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is:A kind of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL it is red Potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps:
(1)High-quality, the high yield Ipomoea batatas kind that selection is adapted to this area cultivation and is received by the market make potato seed potato seed, it is desirable to potato wedge table Face is smooth, bright in colour, disease-free without wound, be of moderate size, with weight between 150-200 grams it is most appropriate;
(2)Physical features is flat, soil layer deep fertile, leeward loam or sandy loam on the sunny side and do not planted or made in two years The plot of sweet potato seedling bed is crossed as seedling bed;
(4)Depending on seedbed direction can be according to plot condition, general length 15-20 meters, 2-2.4 meters of width, depth is 0.2 meter of left side It is right;
(5)After seedbed arrangement is smooth, every 667 square metres are spread fertilizer over the fields a little quick-acting 30 kilograms of chemical fertilizer, contribute to fast-growth after emerging;
(6)Early March(After Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) solar term)With regard to carrying out seeding of going to bed, the rudiment quantity of potato seed with head at most, take second place by middle part, Afterbody is minimum, and the head and tail of potato seed is distinguished during seeding, and the afterbody on the head of former and later two potato seeds keeps overlapping, head upper, Afterbody makes potato wedge keep 15-20 degree angles with ground under;
(7)After potato seed is sequenced, 300-400 times of liquid of dilution is watered using 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, is uniformly splashed In the potato seed sequenced, sweet potato black spot can be prevented;
(8)The fine earth of one layer of 4-5 cm thick is covered in potato seed, flood irrigates seedbed, wait water ooze it is lower after, whole seedbed covering one Layer white clear agricultural mulching, to keep soil moisture;
(9)Using 4 meters of long bamboo chips, one is pricked every 1-1.5 meters, then cover a strata vinyl chloride non-drop greenhouse film, surrounding soil Obturage compacting;
(10)After Small plastic shed buckle film before potato seed is emerged, canopy film situation is often observed, it is found that canopy film has damaged, leak existing As in time with rubber belt sealing, to keep temperature of shed;It was found that when there is dust on canopy film surface, canopy film is wiped with wet cloth in time, to protect Hinder the light transmittance of canopy film;
(11)Early April, the situation of coming up often is observed, to prevent mulch film burn seedlings, when emergence rate reaches 60%, in time will Mulch film is thrown off, and small water is poured once as early as possible, temperature of shed is suitably reduced, and is maintained at 30 DEG C;
(12)With the growth of potato seedling growth, suitably increase irrigation amount, nursery soil relative humidity is maintained between 70-80%;
(13)Mid-April, after seedling all sprouts, canopy mouthful progress is opened after each calm at 10 points in fine day morning and before at 3 points in afternoon Aeration-cooling, temperature of shed is controlled at 25 DEG C or so, such as cold current, puts down canopy mouth seal in time;
(14)Late April, gradually increase ventilating opening in canopy until throwing off canopy film progress whole day hardening, seedling is adapted to outside as early as possible Environment;
(15)Transplanting of collecting seedling is first 3-5 days, to stop watering, and makes potato seedling growth healthy and strong;
(16)At the beginning of 5 months by the end of April(Before the Beginning of summer solar term), when potato seedling growth highly reaches 20-25 centimetres, thick 0.3-0.5 centimetres of stem, with 6- During 7 internodes, it is possible to which progress of collecting seedling is transplanted.
According to the technical solution adopted by the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(6):Seeding density should be according to potato seed Depending on bud ratio and potato wedge size, the high bulk potato seed of general bud ratio, appropriate dilute row is spaced 1-1.5 potato wedge between potato wedge The distance of rugosity, it is ensured that have enough growing spaces after emerging, beneficial to nurturing staff;The low fritter potato seed of bud ratio, it is appropriate close 1-2 centimetres is spaced between row, potato wedge, is conducive to improving breeding efficiency.
According to the technical solution adopted by the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(11):Throw off after mulch film to potato seedling growth and all sprout Before, 20% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil, 2000 times of liquid are sprayed, monocotyledon weed growth can be effectively prevented and treated.
According to the technical solution adopted by the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(14):Such as cool winds, button is still to Canopy is incubated seedling-protection, and nursery bed temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C or so.
According to the technical solution adopted by the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(16):Strong sprout is first adopted, thin and delicate seedling is left, With adopting with cultivation, second batch of strong sprout can be adopted after 7-10 days.
The present invention a beneficial effect be:Ipomoea batatas seedling is cultivated by the way of covering with plastic film in Small plastic shed, is not being appointed In the case of what temperature increasing facility, early March(After Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) solar term)With regard to carrying out go to bed seeding, the first tenday period of a month in May(Before the Beginning of summer solar term)Just The healthy and strong seedling of high-quality can be cultivated, field-transplanting is carried out, the planting cost of average every mu of sweet potato reduces by 300 yuan or so.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is purged by taking the sweet potato Small plastic shed nursery of Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL as an example below, it is complete Description, based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made The every other embodiment obtained, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
1. a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1)High-quality, the high yield Ipomoea batatas kind that selection is adapted to this area cultivation and is received by the market make potato seed potato seed, it is desirable to potato wedge table Face is smooth, bright in colour, disease-free without wound, be of moderate size, with weight between 150-200 grams it is most appropriate;
(2)Physical features is flat, soil layer deep fertile, leeward loam or sandy loam on the sunny side and do not planted or made in two years The plot of sweet potato seedling bed is crossed as seedling bed;
(4)Depending on seedbed direction can be according to plot condition, general length 15-20 meters, 2-2.4 meters of width, depth is 0.2 meter of left side It is right;
(5)After seedbed arrangement is smooth, every 667 square metres are spread fertilizer over the fields a little quick-acting 30 kilograms of chemical fertilizer, contribute to fast-growth after emerging;
(6)Early March(After Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) solar term)With regard to carrying out seeding of going to bed, the rudiment quantity of potato seed with head at most, take second place by middle part, Afterbody is minimum, and the head and tail of potato seed is distinguished during seeding, and the afterbody on the head of former and later two potato seeds keeps overlapping, head upper, Afterbody makes potato wedge keep 15-20 degree angles with ground under;
(7)After potato seed is sequenced, 300-400 times of liquid of dilution is watered using 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, is uniformly splashed In the potato seed sequenced, sweet potato black spot can be prevented;
(8)The fine earth of one layer of 4-5 cm thick is covered in potato seed, flood irrigates seedbed, wait water ooze it is lower after, whole seedbed covering one Layer white clear agricultural mulching, to keep soil moisture;
(9)Using 4 meters of long bamboo chips, one is pricked every 1-1.5 meters, then cover a strata vinyl chloride non-drop greenhouse film, surrounding soil Obturage compacting;
(10)After Small plastic shed buckle film before potato seed is emerged, canopy film situation is often observed, it is found that canopy film has damaged, leak existing As in time with rubber belt sealing, to keep temperature of shed;It was found that when there is dust on canopy film surface, canopy film is wiped with wet cloth in time, to protect Hinder the light transmittance of canopy film;
(11)Early April, the situation of coming up often is observed, to prevent mulch film burn seedlings, when emergence rate reaches 60%, in time will Mulch film is thrown off, and small water is poured once as early as possible, temperature of shed is suitably reduced, and is maintained at 30 DEG C;
(12)With the growth of potato seedling growth, suitably increase irrigation amount, nursery soil relative humidity is maintained between 70-80%;
(13)Mid-April, after seedling all sprouts, canopy mouthful progress is opened after each calm at 10 points in fine day morning and before at 3 points in afternoon Aeration-cooling, temperature of shed is controlled at 25 DEG C or so, such as cold current, puts down canopy mouth seal in time;
(14)Late April, gradually increase ventilating opening in canopy until throwing off canopy film progress whole day hardening, seedling is adapted to outside as early as possible Environment;
(15)Transplanting of collecting seedling is first 3-5 days, to stop watering, and makes potato seedling growth healthy and strong;
(16)At the beginning of 5 months by the end of April(Before the Beginning of summer solar term), when potato seedling growth highly reaches 20-25 centimetres, thick 0.3-0.5 centimetres of stem, with 6- During 7 internodes, it is possible to which progress of collecting seedling is transplanted.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(6):Seeding density should be according to potato seed Depending on bud ratio and potato wedge size, the high bulk potato seed of general bud ratio, appropriate dilute row is spaced 1-1.5 potato wedge between potato wedge The distance of rugosity, it is ensured that have enough growing spaces after emerging, beneficial to nurturing staff;The low fritter potato seed of bud ratio, it is appropriate close 1-2 centimetres is spaced between row, potato wedge, is conducive to improving breeding efficiency.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(11):Throw off after mulch film to potato seedling growth Qi Qian, sprays 20% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil, 2000 times of liquid, can effectively prevent and treat monocotyledon weed growth.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(14):Such as cool winds, button is still to Canopy is incubated seedling-protection, and nursery bed temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C or so.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is characterised in that the step(16):Strong sprout is first adopted, is left thin and delicate Seedling, with adopting with cultivation, can adopt second batch of strong sprout after 7-10 days.
Embodiment of the present invention in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL is the foregoing is only, the patent of the present invention is not thereby limited Scope, equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that every utilization present specification is done, or be directly or indirectly used in Other related technical fields, are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, it is characterised in that including following operating procedure:
(1)High-quality, the high yield Ipomoea batatas kind that selection is adapted to this area cultivation and is received by the market make potato seed potato seed, it is desirable to potato wedge table Face is smooth, bright in colour, disease-free without wound, be of moderate size, with weight between 150-200 grams it is most appropriate;
(2)Physical features is flat, soil layer deep fertile, leeward loam or sandy loam on the sunny side and do not planted or made in two years The plot of sweet potato seedling bed is crossed as seedling bed;
(4)Depending on seedbed direction can be according to plot condition, general length 15-20 meters, 2-2.4 meters of width, depth is 0.2 meter of left side It is right;
(5)After seedbed arrangement is smooth, every 667 square metres are spread fertilizer over the fields a little quick-acting 30 kilograms of chemical fertilizer, contribute to fast-growth after emerging;
(6)Early March(After Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) solar term)With regard to carrying out seeding of going to bed, the rudiment quantity of potato seed with head at most, take second place by middle part, Afterbody is minimum, and the head and tail of potato seed is distinguished during seeding, and the afterbody on the head of former and later two potato seeds keeps overlapping, head upper, Afterbody makes potato wedge keep 15-20 degree angles with ground under;
(7)After potato seed is sequenced, 300-400 times of liquid of dilution is watered using 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, is uniformly splashed In the potato seed sequenced, sweet potato black spot can be prevented;
(8)The fine earth of one layer of 4-5 cm thick is covered on the potato seed sequenced, flood irrigates seedbed, wait water ooze it is lower after, whole seedling Bed one layer of white clear agricultural mulching of covering, to keep soil moisture;
(9)Using 4 meters of long bamboo chips, one is pricked every 1-1.5 meters, then cover a strata vinyl chloride non-drop greenhouse film, surrounding soil Obturage compacting;
(10)After Small plastic shed buckle film before potato seed is emerged, canopy film situation is often observed, it is found that canopy film has damaged, leak existing As in time with rubber belt sealing, to keep temperature of shed;It was found that when there is dust on canopy film surface, canopy film is wiped with wet cloth in time, to protect Hinder the light transmittance of canopy film;
(11)Early April, the situation of coming up often is observed, to prevent mulch film burn seedlings, when emergence rate reaches 60%, in time will Mulch film is thrown off, and small water is poured once as early as possible, temperature of shed is suitably reduced, and is maintained at 30 DEG C;
(12)With the growth of potato seedling growth, suitably increase irrigation amount, nursery soil relative humidity is maintained between 70-80%;
(13)Mid-April, after seedling all sprouts, canopy mouthful progress is opened after each calm at 10 points in fine day morning and before at 3 points in afternoon Aeration-cooling, temperature of shed is controlled at 25 DEG C or so, such as cold current, puts down canopy mouth seal in time;
(14)Late April, gradually increase ventilating opening in canopy until throwing off canopy film progress whole day hardening, seedling is adapted to outside as early as possible Environment;
(15)Transplanting of collecting seedling is first 3-5 days, to stop watering, and makes potato seedling growth healthy and strong;
(16)At the beginning of 5 months by the end of April(Before the Beginning of summer solar term), when potato seedling growth highly reaches 20-25 centimetres, thick 0.3-0.5 centimetres of stem, with 6- During 7 internodes, it is possible to which progress of collecting seedling is transplanted.
2. a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State step(6):Seeding density should be depending on the bud ratio and potato wedge size according to potato seed, the high bulk potato seed of general bud ratio, fits When the distance that 1-1.5 potato wedge rugosity is spaced between dilute row, potato wedge, it is ensured that have enough growing spaces after emerging, beneficial to cultivation Strong sprout;1-2 centimetres is spaced between the low fritter potato seed of bud ratio, appropriate solid matter, potato wedge, is conducive to improving breeding efficiency.
3. a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State step(11):Throw off before being all sprouted after mulch film to potato seedling growth, spray 20% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil, 2000 times of liquid, can effectively prevent and treat list Leaf weed growth.
4. a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State step(14):Such as cool winds, button canopy insulation seedling-protection is still to, nursery bed temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C or so.
5. a kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute State step(16):Strong sprout is first adopted, thin and delicate seedling is left, with adopting with cultivation, second batch of strong sprout can be adopted after 7-10 days.
CN201710160503.9A 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 A kind of sweet potato Small plastic shed method for culturing seedlings of suitable Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL Pending CN107182469A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108391567A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-08-14 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato
CN108477216A (en) * 2018-04-09 2018-09-04 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 A kind of sweet potato strong sprout composition, sweet potato strong sprout method and application
CN109463232A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-03-15 济宁市农业科学研究院 A kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings
CN110402777A (en) * 2019-07-03 2019-11-05 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of sweet potato method for culturing seedlings

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108391567A (en) * 2018-02-05 2018-08-14 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato
CN108477216A (en) * 2018-04-09 2018-09-04 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 A kind of sweet potato strong sprout composition, sweet potato strong sprout method and application
CN109463232A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-03-15 济宁市农业科学研究院 A kind of sweet photo seed gently simplifies method for culturing seedlings
CN110402777A (en) * 2019-07-03 2019-11-05 湖南省蔬菜研究所 A kind of sweet potato method for culturing seedlings

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