CN109757323A - A kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757323A CN109757323A CN201910245386.5A CN201910245386A CN109757323A CN 109757323 A CN109757323 A CN 109757323A CN 201910245386 A CN201910245386 A CN 201910245386A CN 109757323 A CN109757323 A CN 109757323A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultural methods, are related to crop-planting technical field.The method of the invention include choose suitable seed rice, sowing rotary tillage mashing, mechanization density rice transplanting, chemical fertilizer decrement it is deep apply, rice field water-saving is irrigated, liquid composite fertilizer it is secondary impose, the continuous monitoring of timing and integrated pest prevention and control.Structure of the invention is scientific and reasonable, safe and convenient to use, and the method realizes the emission reduction high yield synergy of rice cropping, compared to comparative example, methane emission reduces by 9.9%~10.6%, and nitrous oxide emission amount reduces by 0.5%~6.3%, and comprehensive greenhouse effects reduce by 8.2%~9.8%；Yield increases by 2.9%~4.8%, and wilfully force of labor improves 16.4%~21.1% to nitrogenous fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, specially a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultural method.
Background technique
China is long-day extremely frigid zones coldly, and breeding time is short, effective accumulated temperature is low；Spring heating is slow, and Summer High-Temperature Times are short,
Autumn cooling is fast, and chilling injury is frequently the primary factor for restricting rice growth and high and stable yields；It is cold for heating, promoting precocity
The eternal theme of area's rice cropping, after China introduces rice coldly, since breeding time is short, directly sow usual rice yield compared with
Low, inferior quality, so paddy rice in cold region is cultivated using two-part, first segment is the greenhouse seedling phase, when rice shoot passes through 30~35 days
Growth, be three one heart stages of leaf when, carry out Honda rice transplanting, into second stage cultivate.Paddy rice in cold region seedling is in annual 4 months
The first tenday period of a month, temperature on average be 5 DEG C or so, vernalization is carried out under natural conditions or in greenhouse, since temperature is lower, rice germination compared with
Slowly, and it is irregular, the quality of rice shoot is seriously affected, if increasing heating system in greenhouse, cost can be greatly increased, because
This, temperature how to keep constant during rice vernalization, higher is to determine that seedling cultivation of rice is successfully crucial, it as the saying goes:
" the good half a year grain of seedling ", " good seedling 1 year ", for the Rice Production of cold ground rice workspace, since breeding time is relatively short, training
Educating strong seedling is just particularly important.In addition, paddy system is important greenhouse gas emission source, rice field greenhouse gas emission is reduced
It is significant for extenuating greenhouse effects.The Heilungkiang japonica rice main producing region important as China belongs to cold ground rice region, for ensureing
China's grain ration has very important effect safely.But since China farmland is mainly to apply based on chemical fertilizer, and nitrogen application
Excessive, utilization rate is low, and group space unreasonable allocation, therefore urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution, can effectively solve the problems mentioned above in the background art.
To achieve the above object, the synergy cultivation side the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction is got bumper crops
Method includes the following steps:
S1, it chooses seed rice: choosing the seed rice for being suitble to produce coldly, impurity elimination processing appropriate is carried out to seed rice；
S2, sowing site preparation: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, the crop field of rice transplanting will be carried out abundant rotary tillage simultaneously
Mashing, by machinery by shoot transplanting equipment to field；
S3, deep application of fertilizer: when mechanical density rice transplanting, by chemical fertilizer deep fertilization near rice shoot root；
S4, irrigation of paddy fields: to carrying out pumping irrigation in paddy rice field, the water layer height for keeping field face different, until yellow maturity
Phase；
S5, secondary top dressing: during pumping irrigation, machinery spills fertilising material, carries out secondary liquid composite fertilizer top dressing to rice；
S6, time sight: every other week, plant personnel goes to rice field to observe rice, to the root, stem, Ye He of rice
Fringe is observed respectively, is monitored to methane and nitrous oxide emission flux, the maturity period is measured rice yield；
S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: after rice growing, anti-disease medicines and insect prevention drug are sprayed to rice in time.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, according to the difference of cold ground snow change, suitable seed rice is chosen, it will
Seed rice is placed on exposure 2 days under the sun, removes the moisture of the surface of the seed, then carries out salt water screening to seed rice, removes in seed rice
Ghost and bad species.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, the seed rice after salt water screening, which need to be placed on to have, prevents and kill off rice bakanae disease
It is impregnated in the disinfectant of disease, then seed rice germinator is placed in disinfectant, temperature is turned up to 32 DEG C of constant temperature, keeps 36
Hour, make seed rice quick pregermination.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S2, to being that the crop field of rice transplanting is carried out abundant rotary tillage and is beaten, it is beaten
The herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use is applied afterwards, the crop field after mashing is heavy 5~7 days real, reach to rice transplanting state, it will be in step S1
Seed rice after vernalization is uniformly sowed on the seedling disk in greenhouse, and suitable moisture is sprayed, and seedling dish cart layer of being subject to does not generate bright water,
Then by tumbler by seed be pressed onto three faces it is native, then scattered soil uniformly shed on seedling disk, thickness 0.8cm, not reveal seed rice
Subject to, seedling disk is then subjected to overlay film, seed rice is made quickly to emerge.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S3, when carrying out density rice transplanting using machinery, planting seeding row spacing is 30cm
× 12cm, while deep fertilization is nearby carried out to rice shoot root, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is 120~135 kilograms of per hectares, phosphate fertilizer
Dose is 55~65 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of potash fertilizer is 48~55 kilograms of per hectares.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, when rice seedling rice transplanting, it is 2~3 centimetres that moisture, which irrigates water layer,；It turns green
During arriving effective tillering termination afterwards, keeping water layer is 3~5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period drains dry field, dry field time
It is 7 days or so, to inhibit later period ineffective tillering.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is vigorous, by rice field
It is 5~7 centimetres that water layer, which fills, and the irrigation method of alternation of wetting and drying is taken within 20~25 days after heading, makes soil conservation saturated-water phase, this
Stopped to fill the overboard time according to mature condition afterwards, yellow maturity initial stage drains.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 5, rice young panicle developmental stage, be nutrient growth and reproductive growth most
Fast period, by fertilizer applicator tool, uniformly spills rice field and applies containing pure nitrogen level 30 when irrigating rice young panicle developmental stage
The liquid composite fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=20:10:10) of~40 kilograms of per hectares, carries out secondary top dressing.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 6, the time goes to the same area position in rice field to plant personnel every other week
It is monitored, the Growth trends of the root of rice, stem, leaf is observed, methane and nitrous oxide emission flux are monitored；
And the grouting situation of spike of rice after heading is recorded；Rice yield is measured after maturation.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 7, when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field, immediately
Agricultural streptomycin is selected to be prevented and treated, agricultural streptomycin dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and carry out spraying prevention and treatment；Pregnant
When ear period, after there is banded sclerotial blight, prevented and treated using jinggangmeisu, jinggangmeisu dosage be per acre 2 packet, and convert 45 kilograms of water into
The spraying prevention and treatment of row.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention: structure of the invention is scientific and reasonable, safe and convenient to use: according to
The difference of cold ground snow change, chooses suitable seed rice, seed rice is placed on exposure 2 days under the sun, removes the moisture of the surface of the seed,
Salt water screening then is carried out to seed rice, removes ghost and bad species in seed rice, then is placed on to have seed rice and prevents and kill off rice bakanae disease
It is impregnated in the disinfectant of disease, then seed rice germinator is placed in disinfectant, temperature is turned up to 32 DEG C of constant temperature, keeps 36
Hour, make seed rice quick pregermination, the seed rice after vernalization is uniformly sowed on the seedling disk in greenhouse, suitable moisture is sprayed, with seedling
Dish cart layer does not generate subject to bright water, then by tumbler by seed be pressed onto three faces it is native, then scattered soil uniformly shed on seedling disk,
Thickness 0.8cm is subject to and does not reveal seed rice, and seedling disk is then carried out overlay film, seed rice is made quickly to emerge, in seed rice emergence and growth period
Between, it needs to carry out abundant rotary tillage to the crop field of rice cultivation and be beaten, the herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use is applied after mashing, will be beaten
Crop field after slurry is heavy 5~7 days real, reaches to rice transplanting state, and by automatic rice transplanter, rice shoot is inserted into heavy real good big Tanaka,
Planting seeding row spacing is 30cm × 12cm, while machine rice transplantation, nearby carries out deep fertilization, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer to rice shoot root
For 120~135 kilograms of per hectares, the dose of phosphate fertilizer is 55~65 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of potash fertilizer is 48~55 kilograms
Per hectare, when rice seedling rice transplanting, needing to guarantee that moisture irrigates water layer is 2~3 centimetres；During being terminated after turning green to effective tillering, protect
Water holding layer is 3~5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period, drain dry field, the dry field time be 7 days or so, with inhibit the later period without
Tiller is imitated, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is vigorous, and it is 5~7 centimetres, 20~25 days after heading that rice field water layer, which is filled,
The irrigation method for taking alternation of wetting and drying makes soil conservation saturated-water phase, stops to fill the overboard time thereafter according to mature condition, until
Yellow maturity initial stage drains paddy field moisture, when irrigating rice young panicle developmental stage, by fertilizer applicator tool, uniformly spills rice field
The liquid composite fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=20:10:10) of 30~40 kilograms of per hectares containing purity nitrogen is applied, is carried out secondary
Top dressing selects agricultural streptomycin to be prevented and treated, agricultural streptomycin immediately when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field
Dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and carry out spraying prevention and treatment；At boot stage, after there is banded sclerotial blight, using jinggangmeisu into
Row prevention and treatment, jinggangmeisu dosage are per acre 2 packets, and convert 45 kilograms of water and carry out spraying prevention and treatment, the paddy rice in cold region health thus cultivated
Situation is best, and compared to comparative example, methane emission reduces by 9.9%~10.6%, and nitrous oxide emission amount reduces by 0.5%~
6.3%, comprehensive greenhouse effects reduce by 8.2%~9.8%；Yield increases by 2.9%~4.8%, and wilfully force of labor improves nitrogenous fertilizer
16.4%~21.1%, the effect for realizing emission reduction high yield synergy can be effectively cultivated to paddy rice in cold region.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the step schematic diagram of rice cropping of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution, a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultivation
Method includes the following steps:
S1, it chooses seed rice: choosing the seed rice for being suitble to produce coldly, impurity elimination processing appropriate is carried out to seed rice；
S2, sowing site preparation: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse breeding, the crop field of rice transplanting will be carried out abundant rotary tillage simultaneously
Mashing, by machinery by shoot transplanting equipment to field；
S3, deep application of fertilizer: when mechanical density rice transplanting, by chemical fertilizer deep fertilization near rice shoot root；
S4, irrigation of paddy fields: to carrying out pumping irrigation in paddy rice field, the water layer height for keeping field face different, until yellow maturity
Phase；
S5, secondary top dressing: during pumping irrigation, machinery spills fertilising material, carries out secondary liquid composite fertilizer top dressing to rice；
S6, time sight: every other week, plant personnel goes to rice field to observe rice, to the root, stem, Ye He of rice
Fringe is observed respectively, is monitored to methane and nitrous oxide emission flux, the maturity period is measured rice yield；
S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: after rice growing, anti-disease medicines and insect prevention drug are sprayed to rice in time.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, according to the difference of cold ground snow change, suitable seed rice is chosen, it will
Seed rice is placed on exposure 2 days under the sun, removes the moisture of the surface of the seed, then carries out salt water screening to seed rice, removes in seed rice
Ghost and bad species.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, the seed rice after salt water screening, which need to be placed on to have, prevents and kill off rice bakanae disease
It is impregnated in the disinfectant of disease, then seed rice germinator is placed in disinfectant, temperature is turned up to 32 DEG C of constant temperature, keeps 36
Hour, make seed rice quick pregermination.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S2, to being that the crop field of rice transplanting is carried out abundant rotary tillage and is beaten, it is beaten
The herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use is applied afterwards, the crop field after mashing is heavy 5~7 days real, reach to rice transplanting state, it will be in step S1
Seed rice after vernalization is uniformly sowed on the seedling disk in greenhouse, and suitable moisture is sprayed, and seedling dish cart layer of being subject to does not generate bright water,
Then by tumbler by seed be pressed onto three faces it is native, then scattered soil uniformly shed on seedling disk, thickness 0.8cm, not reveal seed rice
Subject to, seedling disk is then subjected to overlay film, seed rice is made quickly to emerge.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S3, when carrying out density rice transplanting using machinery, planting seeding row spacing is 30cm
× 12cm, while deep fertilization is nearby carried out to rice shoot root, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is 122 kilograms of per hectares, the fertilising of phosphate fertilizer
Amount is 60 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of potash fertilizer is 52 kilograms of per hectares.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, when rice seedling rice transplanting, it is 2~3 centimetres that moisture, which irrigates water layer,；It turns green
During arriving effective tillering termination afterwards, keeping water layer is 3~5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period drains dry field, dry field time
It is 7 days or so, to inhibit later period ineffective tillering.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is vigorous, by rice field
It is 5~7 centimetres that water layer, which fills, takes alternation of wetting and drying irrigation method within 20~25 days after heading, makes soil conservation saturated-water phase, hereafter
Stopped to fill the overboard time according to mature condition, yellow maturity initial stage drains.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 5, rice young panicle developmental stage, be nutrient growth and reproductive growth most
Fast period, by fertilizer applicator tool, uniformly spills rice field and applies purity nitrogen fertilizer 31,000 when irrigating rice young panicle developmental stage
The liquid composite fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=20:10:10) of gram per hectare, carries out secondary top dressing.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 6, the time goes to the same area position in rice field to plant personnel every other week
It is monitored, the Growth trends of the root of rice, stem, leaf is observed, methane and nitrous oxide emission flux are monitored；
And the grouting situation of spike of rice after heading is recorded；Rice yield is measured after maturation.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 7, when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field, immediately
Agricultural streptomycin is selected to be prevented and treated, agricultural streptomycin dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water spray prevention and treatments；In boot stage
When, it after there is banded sclerotial blight, is prevented and treated using jinggangmeisu, jinggangmeisu dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and sprayed
Mist prevention and treatment.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution, a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction high yield synergy cultivation
Method includes the following steps:
S1, it chooses seed rice: choosing the seed rice for being suitble to produce coldly, impurity elimination processing appropriate is carried out to seed rice；
S2, sowing site preparation: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse breeding, the crop field of rice transplanting will be carried out abundant rotary tillage simultaneously
Mashing, by machinery by shoot transplanting equipment to field；
S3, deep application of fertilizer: when mechanical density rice transplanting, by chemical fertilizer deep fertilization near rice shoot root；
S4, irrigation of paddy fields: to carrying out pumping irrigation in paddy rice field, the water layer height for keeping field face different, until yellow maturity
Phase；
S5, secondary top dressing: during pumping irrigation, machinery spills fertilising material, carries out secondary liquid composite fertilizer top dressing to rice；
S6, time sight: every other week, plant personnel goes to rice field to observe rice, to the root, stem, Ye He of rice
Fringe is observed respectively, is monitored to methane and nitrous oxide emission flux, the maturity period is measured rice yield；
S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: after rice growing, anti-disease medicines and insect prevention drug are sprayed to rice in time.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, according to the difference of cold ground snow change, suitable seed rice is chosen, it will
Seed rice is placed on exposure 2 days under the sun, removes the moisture of the surface of the seed, then carries out salt water screening to seed rice, removes in seed rice
Ghost and bad species.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, the seed rice after salt water screening, which need to be placed on to have, prevents and kill off rice bakanae disease
It is impregnated in the disinfectant of disease, then seed rice germinator is placed in disinfectant, temperature is turned up to 32 DEG C of constant temperature, keeps 36
Hour, make seed rice quick pregermination.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S2, to being that the crop field of rice transplanting is carried out abundant rotary tillage and is beaten, it is beaten
The herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use is applied afterwards, the crop field after mashing is heavy 5~7 days real, reach to rice transplanting state, it will be in step S1
Seed rice after vernalization is uniformly sowed on the seedling disk in greenhouse, and suitable moisture is sprayed, and seedling dish cart layer of being subject to does not generate bright water,
Then by tumbler by seed be pressed onto three faces it is native, then scattered soil uniformly shed on seedling disk, thickness 0.8cm, not reveal seed rice
Subject to, seedling disk is then subjected to overlay film, seed rice is made quickly to emerge.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S3, when carrying out density rice transplanting using machinery, planting seeding row spacing is 30cm
× 12cm, while deep fertilization is nearby carried out to rice shoot root, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is 130 kilograms of per hectares, the fertilising of phosphate fertilizer
Amount is 58 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of potash fertilizer is 50 kilograms of per hectares.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, when rice seedling rice transplanting, it is 2~3 centimetres that moisture, which irrigates water layer,；It turns green
During arriving effective tillering termination afterwards, keeping water layer is 3~5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period drains dry field, dry field time
It is 7 days or so, to inhibit later period ineffective tillering.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is vigorous, by rice field
It is 5~7 centimetres that water layer, which fills, takes alternation of wetting and drying irrigation method within 20~25 days after heading, makes soil conservation saturated-water phase, hereafter
Stopped to fill the overboard time according to mature condition, yellow maturity initial stage drains.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 5, rice young panicle developmental stage, be nutrient growth and reproductive growth most
Fast period, by fertilizer applicator tool, uniformly spills rice field and applies containing purity nitrogen 32,000 when irrigating rice young panicle developmental stage
The liquid composite fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=20:10:10) of gram per hectare, carries out secondary top dressing.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 6, the time goes to the same area position in rice field to plant personnel every other week
It is monitored, the Growth trends of the root of rice, stem, leaf is observed, methane and nitrous oxide emission flux are monitored；
And the grouting situation of spike of rice after heading is recorded；Rice yield is measured after maturation.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 7, when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field, immediately
Agricultural streptomycin is selected to be prevented and treated, agricultural streptomycin dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water spray prevention and treatments；In boot stage
When, it after there is banded sclerotial blight, is prevented and treated using jinggangmeisu, jinggangmeisu dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and sprayed
Mist prevention and treatment.
Comparative example: as shown in Figure 1, in addition to step S1, S3 and S5 are different from embodiment, other operations with embodiment phase
Together.Include the following steps:
S1, it chooses seed rice: choosing the seed rice for being suitble to produce coldly, impurity elimination processing appropriate is carried out to seed rice；
S2, sowing site preparation: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse breeding, the crop field of rice transplanting will be carried out abundant rotary tillage simultaneously
Mashing, by machinery by shoot transplanting equipment to field；
S3, deep application of fertilizer: when mechanical conventional density rice transplanting, by chemical fertilizer deep fertilization near rice shoot root；
S4, irrigation of paddy fields: to carrying out pumping irrigation in paddy rice field, the water layer height for keeping field face different, until yellow maturity
Phase；
S5, secondary top dressing: during pumping irrigation, fertilising material is manually spilt, the secondary top dressing of nitrogen potassium is carried out to rice；
S6, time sight: every other week, plant personnel goes to rice field to observe rice, to the root, stem, Ye He of rice
Fringe is observed respectively, is monitored to methane and nitrous oxide emission flux, the maturity period is measured rice yield；
S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: after rice growing, anti-disease medicines and insect prevention drug are sprayed to rice in time.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, according to the difference of cold ground snow change, suitable seed rice is chosen, it will
Seed rice is placed on exposure 2 days under the sun, removes the moisture of the surface of the seed, then carries out salt water screening to seed rice, removes in seed rice
Ghost and bad species.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S1, the seed rice after salt water screening, which need to be placed on to have, prevents and kill off rice bakanae disease
Impregnated in the disinfectant of disease, then the seed rice after immersion be put into the good room of translucency, and one layer of upper cover compared with
Thick cotton-wadded quilt or blanket maintains 3 days or so to keep higher temperature, makes seed rice quick pregermination.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S2, to being that the crop field of rice transplanting is carried out abundant rotary tillage and is beaten, it is beaten
The herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use is applied afterwards, the crop field after mashing is heavy 5~7 days real, reach to rice transplanting state, it will be in step S1
Seed rice after vernalization is uniformly sowed on the seedling disk in greenhouse, and suitable moisture is sprayed, and seedling dish cart layer of being subject to does not generate bright water,
Then by tumbler by seed be pressed onto three faces it is native, then scattered soil uniformly shed on seedling disk, thickness 0.8cm, not reveal seed rice
Subject to, seedling disk is then subjected to overlay film, seed rice is made quickly to emerge.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S3, when carrying out conventional density rice transplanting using machinery, planting seeding row spacing is
30cm × 14cm, while deep fertilization is nearby carried out to rice shoot root, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is 144 kilograms of per hectares, phosphate fertilizer
Dose is 70 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of potash fertilizer is 48 kilograms of per hectares.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, when rice seedling rice transplanting, it is 2~3 centimetres that moisture, which irrigates water layer,；It turns green
During arriving effective tillering termination afterwards, keeping water layer is 3~5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period drains dry field, dry field time
It is 7 days or so, to inhibit later period ineffective tillering.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step S4, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is vigorous, by rice field
It is 5~7 centimetres that water layer, which fills, takes alternation of wetting and drying irrigation method within 20~25 days after heading, makes soil conservation saturated-water phase, hereafter
Stopped to fill the overboard time according to mature condition, yellow maturity initial stage drains.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 5, rice young panicle developmental stage, be nutrient growth and reproductive growth most
Fast period, by manually spilling fertilising material, uniformly spills rice field 36 kilograms of nitrogen fertilizer application when irrigating rice young panicle developmental stage
Per hectare, 12 kilograms of per hectares of potash fertilizer, carries out secondary top dressing.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 6, the time goes to the same area position in rice field to plant personnel every other week
It is monitored, the Growth trends of the root of rice, stem, leaf is observed, methane and nitrous oxide emission flux are monitored；
And the grouting situation of spike of rice after heading is recorded；Rice yield is measured after maturation.
According to above-mentioned technical characteristic, in the step 7, when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field, immediately
Agricultural streptomycin is selected to be prevented and treated, agricultural streptomycin dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water spray prevention and treatments；In boot stage
When, it after there is banded sclerotial blight, is prevented and treated using jinggangmeisu, jinggangmeisu dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and sprayed
Mist prevention and treatment.
The present invention is as follows: according to embodiment 1-2 and comparative example cultivation processing acquired results
As can be seen from the above table, compared to comparative example, the methane emission of embodiment 1 reduces by 10.6%, nitrous oxide row
6.3% is high-volume reduced, comprehensive greenhouse effects reduce by 9.8%, and yield increases by 2.9%, and wilfully force of labor improves 21.1% to nitrogenous fertilizer；Implement
The methane emission of example 2 reduces by 9.9%, and nitrous oxide emission amount reduces by 0.5%, and comprehensive greenhouse effects reduce by 8.2%；Yield increases
Add 4.8%, wilfully force of labor improves 16.4% to nitrogenous fertilizer, and the effect for realizing emission reduction high yield synergy can be effectively cultivated to paddy rice in cold region.
The working principle of the invention and process for using: according to the difference of cold ground snow change, suitable seed rice is chosen, by seed rice
Exposure 2 days under the sun are placed on, the moisture of the surface of the seed is removed, salt water screening then is carried out to seed rice, remove the sky in seed rice
Seed rice is then placed on impregnating in the disinfectant for preventing and kill off bakanae disease of rice, then by seed rice germinator by shell and bad species
It is placed in disinfectant, temperature is turned up to 32 DEG C of constant temperature, is kept for 36 hours, makes seed rice quick pregermination, the seed rice after vernalization is uniform
It sows on the seedling disk in greenhouse, sprays suitable moisture, seedling dish cart layer of being subject to does not generate bright water, will then be planted by tumbler
Son be pressed onto three faces soil, then scattered soil is uniformly shed on seedling disk, thickness 0.8cm is subject to and does not reveal seed rice, then by seedling disk into
Row overlay film, makes seed rice quickly emerge, and in seed rice emergence and growth period, needs to carry out abundant rotary tillage simultaneously to the crop field of rice cultivation
Mashing applies the herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use after mashing, the crop field after mashing is heavy 5~7 days real, reaches to rice transplanting state；
By automatic rice transplanter, rice shoot is inserted into heavy real good big Tanaka, planting seeding row spacing is 30cm × 12cm, machine rice transplantation it is same
When, deep fertilization is nearby carried out to rice shoot root, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer is 120~135 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of phosphate fertilizer is
55~65 kilograms of per hectares, the dose of potash fertilizer are 48~55 kilograms of per hectares, when rice seedling rice transplanting, need to guarantee moisture irrigation water
Layer is 2~3 centimetres；During terminating after turning green to effective tillering, keeping water layer is 3~5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period,
Dry field is drained, the dry field time is 7 days or so, and to inhibit later period ineffective tillering, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is prosperous
It contains, it is 5~7 centimetres that rice field water layer, which is filled, takes alternation of wetting and drying irrigation method within 20~25 days after heading, makes soil conservation saturated water
State, stops to fill the overboard time thereafter according to mature condition, paddy field moisture is drained until yellow maturity initial stage, when developing to rice young panicle
When phase irrigates, by fertilizer applicator tool, the liquid composite fertilizer for applying 30~40 kilograms of per hectares containing purity nitrogen is uniformly spilt rice field
(nitrogen: phosphorus pentoxide: potassium oxide=20:10:10), carries out secondary top dressing, when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field
When sick, agricultural streptomycin is selected to be prevented and treated immediately, agricultural streptomycin dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water spray prevention and treatments；
It at boot stage, after there is banded sclerotial blight, is prevented and treated using jinggangmeisu, jinggangmeisu dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms
Water carries out spraying prevention and treatment, and the paddy rice in cold region health status thus cultivated is best；
Compared to comparative example, methane emission reduces by 9.9%~10.6%, and nitrous oxide emission amount reduces by 0.5%~
6.3%, comprehensive greenhouse effects reduce by 8.2%~9.8%；Yield increases by 2.9%~4.8%, and wilfully force of labor improves nitrogenous fertilizer
16.4%~21.1%, the effect for realizing emission reduction high yield synergy can be effectively cultivated to paddy rice in cold region.
Finally, it should be noted that being not intended to restrict the invention the foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the invention, to the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, for those skilled in the art, still can be with
It modifies the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
- The synergy cultural method 1. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction is got bumper crops, which comprises the steps of:S1, it chooses seed rice: choosing the seed rice for being suitble to produce coldly, impurity elimination processing appropriate is carried out to seed rice；S2, sowing site preparation: by treated, seed rice carries out greenhouse seedling, the crop field of rice transplanting will be carried out abundant rotary tillage and beaten Slurry, by machinery by shoot transplanting equipment to field；S3, deep application of fertilizer: when mechanical density rice transplanting, by chemical fertilizer deep fertilization near rice shoot root；S4, irrigation of paddy fields: to carrying out pumping irrigation in paddy rice field, the water layer height for keeping field face different, until the stage of yellow ripeness；S5, secondary top dressing: during pumping irrigation, machinery spills fertilising material, carries out secondary liquid composite fertilizer top dressing to rice；S6, time sight: every other week, plant personnel goes to rice field to observe rice, to the root of rice, stem, leaf and fringe point It is not observed, methane and nitrous oxide emission flux is monitored, the maturity period is measured rice yield；S7, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: after rice growing, anti-disease medicines and insect prevention drug are sprayed to rice in time.
- The synergy cultural method 2. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In S1, according to the difference of cold ground snow change, suitable seed rice is chosen, seed rice is placed on exposure 2 days under the sun, removes kind of a sublist The moisture in face then carries out salt water screening to seed rice, removes ghost and bad species in seed rice.
- The synergy cultural method 3. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In S1, the seed rice after salt water screening need to be placed on being impregnated in the disinfectant for preventing and kill off bakanae disease of rice, then urge seed rice Bud device is placed in disinfectant, and temperature is turned up to 32 DEG C of constant temperature, is kept for 36 hours, makes seed rice quick pregermination.
- The synergy cultural method 4. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In S2, to being that the crop field of rice transplanting is carried out abundant rotary tillage and is beaten, the herbicide for being suitble to rice field to use is applied after mashing, will be beaten Crop field afterwards is heavy 5~7 days real, reaches to rice transplanting state, the seed rice after vernalization in step S1 is uniformly sowed the seedling in greenhouse On disk, spray suitable moisture, seedling dish cart layer of being subject to does not generate bright water, then by tumbler by seed be pressed onto three faces it is native, Scattered soil is uniformly shed on seedling disk again, thickness 0.8cm is subject to and does not reveal seed rice, and seedling disk is then carried out overlay film, keeps seed rice fast Speed emergence.
- The synergy cultural method 5. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In S3, when carrying out density rice transplanting using machinery, planting seeding row spacing is 30cm × 12cm, while nearby carrying out depth to rice shoot root Fertilising, the dose of nitrogenous fertilizer are 120~135 kilograms of per hectares, and the dose of phosphate fertilizer is 55~65 kilograms of per hectares, and potash fertilizer is applied Fertilizer amount is 48~55 kilograms of per hectares.
- The synergy cultural method 6. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In S4, when rice seedling rice transplanting, it is 2~3 centimetres that moisture, which irrigates water layer,；After turning green to effective tillering terminate during, keep water layer be 3~ 5 centimetres, to improve water temperature；The tiller later period drains dry field, and the dry field time is 7 days or so, to inhibit later period ineffective tillering.
- The synergy cultural method 7. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In S4, for rice in panicle developmental stage, metabolism is vigorous, and it is 5~7 centimetres that rice field water layer, which is filled, adopts within 20~25 days after heading The irrigation method for taking alternation of wetting and drying makes soil conservation saturated-water phase, stops filling the overboard time thereafter according to mature condition, at the beginning of yellow maturity Phase drains.
- The synergy cultural method 8. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In 5, rice young panicle developmental stage is nutrient growth and reproductive growth most fast period, is irrigated to rice young panicle developmental stage When, by fertilizer applicator tool, the liquid composite fertilizer (nitrogen: five for applying 30~40 kilograms of per hectares of fertilizer containing purity nitrogen is uniformly spilt rice field Aoxidize two phosphorus: potassium oxide=20:10:10), carry out secondary top dressing.
- The synergy cultural method 9. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In 6, the time goes to the same area position in rice field to be monitored to plant personnel every other week, to rice root, stem, leaf Growth trends It is observed, methane and nitrous oxide emission flux is monitored；And the grouting situation of spike of rice after heading is recorded；At Rice yield is measured after ripe.
- The synergy cultural method 10. a kind of paddy rice in cold region emission reduction according to claim 1 is got bumper crops, which is characterized in that the step In rapid 7, when bacterial leaf spot or bacterial stripe occurs in field, agricultural streptomycin is selected to be prevented and treated immediately, agricultural strepto- Plain dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and carry out spraying prevention and treatment；At boot stage, after there is banded sclerotial blight, jinggangmeisu is used It is prevented and treated, jinggangmeisu dosage is per acre 2 packets, and converts 45 kilograms of water and carry out spraying prevention and treatment.
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