CN108575589A - Four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation methods are realized in a kind of heliogreenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method for continuous cultivation of four crops in a solar greenhouse in which water, fertilizer and medicine are integrated in rotation. Artemisia argyi is cut and plugged at the beginning of October. After 50-60 days of growth, it is harvested from the end of November to the beginning of December; after management, After 50‑60 days of growth, the second crop of Artemisia can be harvested; after the second crop of Artemisia is harvested, kidney bean seedlings or Solanaceae seedlings are planted in early February, and after growth management, they will be picked and marketed before early April. Cucumbers The planting was completed in mid-to-late June, and the rain-proof film and sunshade net were used to alternately cover the cultivation mode, and then harvested until the beginning of September, and then entered the next crop rotation period. The organic connection of four crops can effectively promote the rotation of vegetables, eliminate the physiological barriers of continuous cropping, and solve the gap of no vegetable crops in the summer and autumn of the solar greenhouse in the past four months, fully improve the utilization rate of land, and promote the integration of water, fertilizer and medicine at the same time, strengthen the pests and diseases Prevention and high-efficiency supporting technologies enable solar greenhouse vegetables to produce more and better products every year.

Description

Realization of continuous cultivation of four crops in a solar greenhouse with integrated rotation of water, fertilizer and medicine method

technical field

The invention relates to a continuous crop rotation cultivation method, in particular to a continuous crop rotation cultivation method for realizing the integration of water, fertilizer and medicine for four crops in a solar greenhouse.

Background technique

Solar greenhouse cultivation has played a huge role in the supply of vegetables in our country. It not only alleviates the contradiction between production seasonality and consumption balance, but also produces famous, special and high-quality vegetables, seasonal vegetables, and off-season vegetables to meet different consumption levels in society. demand.

However, the existing solar greenhouse has a single variety of cultivation, and there is a gap of no vegetable stubble for nearly four months in summer and autumn, and the land use efficiency is very low. At the same time, problems such as aggravation of soil-borne diseases, secondary salinization, and soil acidification and hardening are prone to occur.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for realizing the high-efficiency rotation and continuous cultivation of Artemisia annua, Artemisia annua, Kidney Bean or Solanaceae and Cucumber four crops in a solar greenhouse.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention is a continuous cultivation method for realizing four crops in a solar greenhouse in which water, fertilizer and medicine are integrated in rotation. It is characterized in that the steps are as follows:

(1) Planting of Artemisia annua at the first stubble: In mid-September, stubble clearing, fertilization, and soil preparation are carried out. Artemisia argyi is planted with cuttings in early October, shed film is applied at the end of October, and grass thatch or insulation quilt is applied in mid-November. The management of fertilization, watering, temperature control, and pest control starts from cuttings, and after 50-60 days of growth, the first stubble of Artemisia sativa is harvested from the end of November to the beginning of December;

(2) Planting of the second-crop Artemisia: After harvesting the first-crop Artemisia, after 50-60 days of growth, the second-crop Artemisia can be harvested after fertilization, watering, heat preservation, and management of pest control;

(3) Planting of kidney beans or Solanaceae plants: After harvesting the second crop of Artemisia annua, clear the shed to dry the ground, fertilize and rake the ground to make ridges, and in the first ten days of February, plant kidney bean seedlings or eggplants that are healthy, free from pests and diseases, and without mechanical damage. Branch seedlings, after growth management, are picked and listed before the first ten days of April, and the sheds of kidney beans or solanaceae are cleared before mid-June;

(4) Cucumber planting: Cucumber seedlings were raised at the end of May, and the planting was completed in mid-to-late June. The cultivation mode was alternately covered with rain-proof film and sunshade net, and the integrated management of water, fertilizer and medicine was used, and the harvest was carried out until early September;

(5) After the cucumbers are harvested, clear the sheds, fertilize, and prepare the fields again to enter the next crop rotation period.

In the continuous cultivation method for realizing four crops in the solar greenhouse according to the present invention in which water, fertilizer and medicine are integrated in rotation: the planting of the Solanaceae plants is the planting of tomatoes, peppers or eggplants.

In the continuous cultivation method for realizing the integrated crop rotation of four crops with water, fertilizer and medicine in the solar greenhouse of the present invention: in the planting process of the first crop of Artemisia annua described in step (1):

a) Selection of seedlings: 3 days before cutting, choose Artemisia kunmingensis that is disease-free, moth-eaten, uniform in thickness, remove leaves and clean, cut into sections according to the length standard of 12cm-15cm, tie up and dip its roots in anti-disease and insect-proof agents bagged for use;

b) Stubble clearing, fertilization, and field preparation: After clearing the shed, apply 5,000 kg of decomposed chicken manure or pig manure per ^667m2 area, and apply 54% ^three 75 kg of low-chlorine compound fertilizer and 40 kg of urea, followed by using a rotary tiller to clear the stubble and dry the land, make a furrow according to the width of the ditch 3.6m-3.8m, level the furrow and wait for transplanting;

c) Seedling transplanting: first pour the water thoroughly, and connect the prepared seedlings with a row spacing of 9cm-10cm and a plant spacing of 5cm-6cm, 2 seedlings per hole, and a depth of 8cm-10cm;

d) Fertilizer and water management for the first stubble of Artemisia annua: After the Artemisia annua is planted, when there is dry soil on the border surface, water it for the first time to promote living trees, but do not flood the roots to prevent retting. When the border surface is slightly dry, water every For an area of 667m2, use ¹²⁰ grams of root-stimulating agent and 16 ml of 0.01% brassinolide mixed with 30 kg of water for spraying to promote cuttings and roots; ^2. Spread 40 kg of 54% ternary low-chlorine compound fertilizer and 35 kg of urea on the area. After spreading the fertilizer, use a soft broom to gently sweep over the seedlings to make the fertilizer particles fall into the rhizosphere of the seedlings, and then irrigate thoroughly. , so that all the fertilizers are dissolved; during the management period, the frequency of watering depends on the dryness and wetness of the border surface;

e) Control of diseases and insect pests of Artemisia annua in the first stubble: when the young shoots are 7cm-10cm long, use 150g of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 120g of 64% anti-virus alum wettable powder, and ¹⁰ % imidacloprid for every 667m2 area. Mix 60 grams of wet powder, ²⁴ milliliters of 0.01% brassinolide and 50 kilograms of water to form a solution, spray evenly for prevention and treatment and promote growth. Mix 30 grams of amine water dispersible granules, 75 grams of 50% iprodione wettable powder, 90 grams of 72% cymoxuron manganese zinc wettable powder, 60 grams of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, and 24 ml of 0.01% brassinolide Mix 50 kg of water to form a solution spray.

f) Temperature control: During the growth period of Artemisia annua in the solar greenhouse, the highest temperature during the day is 25°C, the lowest temperature at night is 10°C, and the average temperature is maintained at 16°C-18°C. Remove the cover of the quilt and close the tuyere; after each fertilization and irrigation, the tuyere film should be opened for 1-2 days to prevent the ammonia from burning the seedlings.

In the solar greenhouse according to the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for four crops with water, fertilizer and medicine integrated rotations: the disease and insect control agents are 70% methylthiobacterium wettable powder 600-800 times liquid, 70% disulfone wettable powder Prepared by mixing 600-800 times liquid and 300 times liquid of 50% phoxim EC.

In the solar greenhouse of the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: in the process of planting the two crops of Artemisia annua described in step (2):

a) Stubble cleaning: After harvesting the first stubble of Artemisia annua, cut the uneven stubbles of Artemisia annua in time, with a uniform height of 2cm-3cm, and then clean up the residual branches and leaves, so that there are no sundries in the solar greenhouse;

b) Temperature control: After clearing the shed, in order to promote early germination and more germination, the daytime temperature is maintained at 28°C-32°C. The temperature control is mainly by adjusting the size of the tuyere. Covering grass thatch or heat preservation is used to keep warm at night; when the small buds grow up to 2cm-3cm long, adjust the tuyere film on time, so that the maximum temperature in the greenhouse during the day is 25°C, and the minimum temperature at night is 10°C;

c) Fertilizer and water management: When the second crop of Artemisia annua seedlings reaches a height of 4cm-5cm, spread 60kg of 54% low-chlorine ^compound fertilizer and 40kg of urea per 667m2, and sweep gently with a soft broom after spreading to let the fertilizer The particles fall into the rhizosphere, and re-irrigate with water to promote melting and absorption. Do not close the vents for 1-2 days after fertilization and watering to prevent ammonia poisoning; Just pour water;

d) Control of diseases and insect pests of the second-crop Artemisia annua: After clearing the shed, use 180 grams of active root-stimulating agent, 240 grams of 80% carbendazim wettable powder, and 150 grams of 72% cream urea manganese zinc wettable powder for every 667m ² area. After mixing with 50 kg of water, spray with 50 kg of water to disinfect the soil and root stubble ^; 120 grams, 24 milliliters of 0.01% brassinolide, 60 grams of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder are mixed with 50 kilograms of water and sprayed to prevent pests and diseases.

In the solar greenhouse of the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: in the planting process of the kidney beans described in step (3):

a) Cultivation of kidney bean seedlings: use a nutrient bowl or a plastic tray to grow seedlings and grow strong seedlings, put the nutrient soil into it so that it is 2cm away from the edge of the nutrient bowl or plastic tray, and then arrange the nutrient bowl or plastic tray into a furrow Water thoroughly, when the surface is dry and the surface is slightly dry, sow the treated kidney bean seeds with two seeds per bowl or hole. After sowing, spray water once with a watering can. When the water goes down, cover the head with nutrient soil , cover the soil with a thickness of 2cm, and then spray water once with a watering can. After it dries, cover it with plastic film to keep it warm and moisturized, and set up an arch shed, and implement two or three sheds for heat preservation and seedling cultivation. The temperature during the day is 22°C-25°C, and the temperature at night is not When the temperature is lower than 15°C, when the kidney beans emerge from the soil, remove the plastic film, and at the same time strengthen the management of the seedbed to cultivate strong seedlings. The seedling age is 18-20 days;

b) Clear the shed, dry the ground, fertilize and rake the ground to make a ridge: After the second crop of Artemisia annua is stubbled at the end of January and early February, quickly remove the residual branches and leaves, and after drying the ground, apply 3000 decomposed chicken manure or pig manure per mu. -5000 kg, then add 50 kg of 54% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 30 kg of urea, then carry out mechanical rotation to remove the stubble, and rake it flat, dry it for 2-3 days, and press the ditch for 1.8m Or 1.2m ridge, the ridge height is 15-20cm, then sun-dried for 2-3 days, and 100-150 catties of decomposed bean cakes are applied per mu, waiting for planting;

c) Field planting and irrigation: Kidney bean seedlings with a seedling age of 18-20 days, a seedling height of 8cm-12cm, the same size, no damage by diseases and insect pests, and no mechanical damage, are arranged according to the row spacing of 60cm×90cm or the row spacing of 45cm×120cm. 667㎡, 1300-1500 holes, 2 plants per hole, 2600-3000 kidney bean seedlings per 667㎡ area. The surface is close to the rhizosphere 3cm-5cm, use iron milling to deal with the micro depressions, and then lay a 1-inch thick dropper. After the droppers are laid in the entire shed as required, cover the silver-gray plastic film, covering the whole layer, corresponding to each hole Break the membrane to release the kidney bean seedlings, and seal the root of the kidney bean seedlings at the exit of the seedlings with nutritious soil to prevent the high-temperature heat from rushing out of the seedlings at noon, and lay the dropper and plastic film for later use; after planting, the temperature in the shed is 22°C -25°C;

d) Hanger and pruning and topping: After the kidney beans are planted slowly, when the growth height reaches 15cm-20cm, hanger treatment is carried out to prevent mutual entanglement. rope to keep the two kidney bean seedlings apart; when the kidney beans are branched, the branches should also be lifted at the initial stage to increase the photosynthetic area. Prevent mutual entanglement or seal the top space between two rows, which is not conducive to high yield. In the middle and late stages, remove old and diseased leaves in time, which is conducive to ventilation, light transmission and disease prevention;

e) Control of live trees: After the kidney beans are planted, in order to promote live trees, shorten the slow seedling period, and combine the control of diseases and insect pests, use 300 times of active root-promoting agent, sodium nitrophenolate 6-10mg/L, Zhiliyuan 1200 times liquid, mixed and sprayed, and then sprayed with sodium nitrophenolate every 7 days to 10 days, can mature 10 days to 12 days earlier, when the main stem of kidney bean seedlings reaches one meter high, it should be Carry out chemical control to prevent excessive growth and form strong seedlings. Spray with 10% Ermei 1200-1500 times liquid per 667 square meters.

f) Integrated management of water, fertilizer and medicine: After the kidney beans are planted, there is sufficient basal fertilizer and there is no shortage of nutrients. Before pod setting, topdressing is not required, and water is controlled. - 8 kg of kidney bean fertilization, 600 grams of active root-promoting and seedling-stimulating agent, 300 grams of 70% methylthiobacterium wettable powder, 400 grams of 70% disulfone sodium wettable powder, 500 grams of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate to make mother liquor , and then put it into the drip irrigation equipment and drop it into the dropper, and drip evenly to the roots of all the kidney beans in the whole shed, and replenish water and nutrients in time; after the pods are set, increase the management of fertilizer and water, and apply the kidney beans once for every drip irrigation. , and evenly add the dropper to the root of the kidney bean.

In the solar greenhouse according to the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: during the kidney bean planting process, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests:

a) Seed treatment: mix 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times solution with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate 300 times solution, soak the seeds for 30 minutes, remove and rinse, then sow and raise seedlings;

b) After emergence: the seedbed can be sprayed once, which is 31% triazole nucleotide morpholine hydrochloride 1200 times liquid, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 900 times liquid, 25% azoxystrobin A mixed solution of 2000 times liquid of suspending agent, 1500 times liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder and 300 times liquid of active root promoting agent;

c) After planting: Mix 300 times liquid of active root-promoting agent, 6 mg/L sodium nitrate, 1000 times liquid of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and 1500 times liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder per 667 square meters, Spraying, from live tree to pod stage, spray once every 10 days with sodium nitrophenolate;

d) Initial flowering stage: use 50 grams of 100 g/L elongated straight flower pods per 667 square meters, 2000 times liquid of 25% azoxystrobin suspending agent and 600-800 times liquid of 3% neutral bacteria wettable powder, after mixing to spray;

e) Pod stage: 800-1000 times liquid of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 300-500 times liquid of 5% bacterial toxin water clearing agent, 6-10 mg/L of sodium nitrophenolate and 10% imidacloprid can be used for every 667 square meters The wet powder is mixed with 1500 times liquid and then sprayed;

f) Pod filling stage: first use 50% iprodione wettable powder 1000 times liquid, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate 3000 times liquid, 100 g/L elongated tender straight flower pod 50 g, 10% Mix 1500 times liquid of imidacloprid wettable powder and spray it, every 10 days, use 1000 times liquid of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 6-10mg/L of sodium nitrophenolate, 3000 times of 50% cyromazine suspending agent for every 667 square meters Spray control after the times liquid is mixed.

In the solar greenhouse of the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: in the cucumber planting process described in step (4):

a) Stubble fertilization and soil preparation: before mid-June, stubble clearing garden, 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per 667m2 of land, and then 60 kg of 51% potassium ^sulfate compound fertilizer or 54% low chlorine compound fertilizer , and then the stubble is machine-rotated, sun-dried for 2-3 days, and a high ridge is made according to the width of the ditch of 120 cm, the width of the ditch is 30 cm, and the height of the ridge is 15-20 cm;

b) Planting: After the furrows are ready, sun-dry for 2-3 days, and when the cucumber seedlings have 3-4 leaves, select cucumber seedlings with the same size, no disease, no insects, and no mechanical trauma, and plant according to the specification of 32cm×60cm;

c) Alternately covered cultivation with rainproof film and sunshade net: After the previous stubble is over, remove the solar greenhouse film and cover the sunshade net on the scaffold. When there is no rain, cover the rain-proof film, and put away the rain-proof film to cover the sunshade net when there is no rain, and do this alternately;

d) Integrated management of water, fertilizer and medicine for cucumbers: After picking, apply fertilizer once a week and water once a week. For the first time, it can be formulated with disease and insect control agents. The ^formula is to use 51% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 10 per 667m2 - 15 kg, 300 grams of 70% sulfonate wettable powder, 300 grams of 70% methylthiobacterium wettable powder and 150 grams of 1.8% abamectin;

e) After the cucumber is planted on a live tree, when the plant grows to 15cm high and has 4-5 true leaves, it begins to hang vines. During the fruit harvest period, remove old leaves, diseased leaves, side branches, and tendrils in time to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria.

In the solar greenhouse according to the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for four-crop crops integrated with water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: in the process of cucumber planting, pest control:

a) Seedling stage: use 3000 times liquid of 25% pyraclostrobin EC, 700 times liquid of 75% chlorothalonil WP, 800 times liquid of 31% triazole nucleotide morpholine hydrochloride, 40% Line phosphorus emulsifiable oil 1500 times mixed and poured once;

b) Slow seedling stage of planting: use 800 times liquid of 20% tolclofos-methyl EC, 700 times liquid of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 3000 times liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate wettable powder, 10% imidacloprid Mix 1500 times liquid of wettable powder and 300 times liquid of activity-promoting root-strengthening agent and spray;

c) From flowering and fruit setting to full fruit stage: first use 1000 times liquid of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 600 times liquid of 64% mancozeb wettable powder, and 1500 times liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder before spraying; For 10 days, use 30% kresoxim-methyl wettable powder 2000 times liquid, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate wettable powder 3000 times liquid, 50% cyromazine suspending agent 3000 times liquid to mix and spray;

d) If there is downy mildew and bacterial angular spot, use 52.5% Yikuaijing wettable powder 700 times liquid, 60% etherazole·Dysenlian water dispersible granule 1500 times liquid, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate Mix 3000 times liquid of wettable powder and 800 times liquid of 3% mesophytic bacteria, spray it, and use it continuously for 2-3 times, once every 5-7 days.

In the solar greenhouse according to the present invention, in the continuous cultivation method for realizing the integrated rotation of water, fertilizer and medicine for four crops: the cucumber seedling stage, the initial flowering stage, and the fruiting stage are each sprayed once, 0.01 mg/l-0.1mg/l brassinolide, It is used to regulate growth, promote fruit setting, and prevent melons from turning into melons; spray 1-2 times of booster on vigorously growing cucumber plants, and spray 150mg/l on the leaves of the plants when there are 11 leaves, which can inhibit the excessive growth of vines , once every 10 days; to increase the growth rate of cucumber, use 4mg/l-6mg/l sodium nitrophenolate to spray, every 667m ² , 50 kg of liquid medicine, once every 7 days, spray 3-4 times in total.

In this application, the active root-promoting and seedling-promoting agent is supervised by the School of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University,

Produced by Jurong Tongli Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Active ingredients: humic acid≥3%; N+P ₂ O ₅ +K ₂ O≥20%.

The said Zhiliyuan is a trade name, produced by Puyang Institute of Agricultural Sciences Agrochemical Co., Ltd. Its main function is to alleviate the abnormal growth of crops, alleviate herbicide injury, hormone injury, low temperature freezing injury, saline-alkali injury, and calcium supplementation to strengthen seedlings. , Protect flowers and buds. Nutrient composition: Medium element water-soluble fertilizer [powder], Ca≥20%, Mn+Cu+Zn≥1%.

In the 64% anti-virus alum wettable powder, oxaxyl content: 8%, mancozeb content: 56%; produced by Syngenta (Suzhou) Crop Protection Co., Ltd.

The 50% iprodione wettable powder is selected from the product of FMC (China) Investment Co., Ltd., with the trade name of prothine, and the product is 50 grams per bag.

The 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder is produced by Shanghai Yuelian Chemical Co., Ltd.

The 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder is produced by Shanghai Yuelian Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a specification of 80 g/bag.

The 72% cream urea manganese zinc wettable powder is produced by Shanghai DuPont Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

The 50% procymidone wettable powder is produced by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan, and its address is No. 1, Shinkawa 2-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, and its trade name is Procymidone.

The elongated tender straight flower pods are produced by Shandong Kairuite Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the main components contain amino acids ≥ 100g/L, and zn+B+M0 ≥ 20g/L.

The 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate wettable powder is selected from the product produced by North China Pharmaceutical Hebei Huanuo Co., Ltd.

The short Ermei adopts the product produced by Henan Poersen Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

Kidney bean fertilization can use Xinshi brand kidney bean fertilization produced by Jiangsu Solid Fertilizer Group Co., Ltd.

The 54% ternary low-chlorine compound fertilizer is 54% (18-18-18) ternary low-chlorine compound fertilizer, wherein 54% means that the total nutrient content is ≥ 54%, and the total nitrogen content in 18-18-18 is ≥ 18 %, available phosphorus content ≥ 18%, available potassium content ≥ 18%, you can choose the Stanley brand produced by Stanley Agricultural Group Co., Ltd.

The 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is 45% (15-15-15) potassium sulfate compound fertilizer.

The planting of the Solanaceae plant of the present invention can adopt the method of tomato cultivation, the method of capsicum cultivation or the method of eggplant cultivation conventional in the prior art in the solar greenhouse.

In the present invention, stubble clearing, fertilization, and soil preparation are carried out in mid-September, cuttings and plugs are used to stubble Artemisia annua in early October, shed film is applied at the end of October, grass thatch or insulation quilt is applied in mid-November, and conventional fertilization, watering, and temperature control are carried out. , The management of pest control, starting from cuttings, after 50-60 days of growth, the first stubble Artemisia is harvested from the end of November to the beginning of December; after harvesting the first stubble Artemisia, through the management of fertilization, watering, heat preservation, pest control , after 50-60 days of growth, it will be on the market around the Spring Festival, and the second crop of Artemisia annua can be harvested, which can obtain higher economic benefits;

After the second crop of Artemisia reticulata is harvested, clear the shed to dry the ground, fertilize and rake the ground to make ridges, and in early February, plant kidney bean seedlings or solanaceae seedlings that are healthy and free from pests and mechanical damage. After scientific management, growth and development are promoted. Pick and go on the market before the first ten days of April, and clear the shed before the middle ten days of June of kidney beans or Solanaceae. Remove the rainproof film in time in rainy weather, and remove the sunshade net in time when the weather is not hot and bright, so as to realize the alternate covering cultivation mode of rainproof film and sunshade net, and promote the integration of water, fertilizer and medicine, and innovate pests and diseases at the same time Ecological control, reduce costs, eliminate pollution, improve the quantity and quality of products, and greatly increase economic income.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention carries out continuous cultivation of Artemisia annua-Artemisiae-Kidney Bean (or Solanaceae)-Cucumber four-crop crops in a solar greenhouse, and uses the integrated high-efficiency cultivation mode of water, fertilizer and medicine to better promote Vegetable production in the double reverse season, the organic connection of four crops can effectively promote the rotation of vegetables, eliminate the physiological barriers of continuous cropping, and solve the gap of no vegetable crops in the summer and autumn in the solar greenhouse for nearly four months, fully improve the utilization rate of land, and promote The integration of water, fertilizer and medicine, strengthening the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and high-efficiency supporting technologies, enable the solar greenhouse vegetables to produce more and better products every year, meet the supply of artemisia in winter, the supply of kidney beans in early spring, and ensure the supply of cucumbers in summer and autumn. Economic benefits, achieving a stable output value per mu breaking through the 50,000 yuan mark.

Detailed ways

The specific technical solutions of the present invention are further described below, so that those skilled in the art can further understand the present invention, without limiting their rights.

Embodiment 1, a method for continuous cultivation of four crops in a solar greenhouse in which water, fertilizer and medicine are integrated in rotation, the steps are as follows:

(1) Planting of Artemisia annua at the first stubble: In mid-September, stubble clearing, fertilization, and soil preparation are carried out. Artemisia argyi is planted with cuttings in early October, shed film is applied at the end of October, and grass thatch or insulation quilt is applied in mid-November. The management of fertilization, watering, temperature control, and pest control starts from cuttings, and after 50-60 days of growth, the first stubble of Artemisia sativa is harvested from the end of November to the beginning of December;

(2) Planting of the second-crop Artemisia: After harvesting the first-crop Artemisia, after 50-60 days of growth, the second-crop Artemisia can be harvested after fertilization, watering, heat preservation, and management of pest control;

(3) Planting of kidney beans or Solanaceae plants: After harvesting the second crop of Artemisia annua, clear the shed to dry the ground, fertilize and rake the ground to make ridges, and in the first ten days of February, plant kidney bean seedlings or eggplants that are healthy, free from pests and diseases, and without mechanical damage. Branch seedlings, after growth management, are picked and listed before the first ten days of April, and the sheds of kidney beans or solanaceae are cleared before mid-June;

(4) Cucumber planting: Cucumber seedlings were raised at the end of May, and the planting was completed in mid-to-late June. The cultivation mode was alternately covered with rain-proof film and sunshade net, and the integrated management of water, fertilizer and medicine was used, and the harvest was carried out until early September;

(5) After the cucumbers are harvested, clear the sheds, fertilize, and prepare the fields again to enter the next crop rotation period.

The planting of the Solanaceae plants is the planting of tomato, capsicum or eggplant. Kidney beans cultivated as crops in early spring, if you want to get better benefits, you must win the early market and sell them at a good price. Therefore, you must choose a good variety of kidney beans, first of all, choose a medium-early maturity variety, and secondly, have strong branching ability, disease resistance and drought resistance. Strong; third, the pods grow fast and the yield is high; fourth, the pods are wide and long, fiber-free, aging-resistant, and have good commerciality. According to practical exploration and selection, super Yulong, Holland Green Golden Dragon and other varieties of kidney beans should be selected for early spring grafting in solar greenhouses, and the yield per mu can reach about 10,000 kg.

Embodiment 2, in the solar greenhouse according to embodiment 1, in the continuous cultivation method for realizing the integrated rotation of water, fertilizer and medicine for four crops:

During the planting process of the first stubble Artemisia annua described in step (1):

a) Selection of seedlings: 3 days before cutting, choose Artemisia kunmingensis that is disease-free, moth-eaten, uniform in thickness, remove the leaves, cut into sections according to the standard length of 12cm-15cm, tie them into small bundles of moderate thickness, and tie the roots Dip in the anti-disease and insect-repelling agents and put them in bags for later use; the anti-disease and insect-repelling agents are mixed with 700 times liquid of 70% methylthiobacterium wettable powder, 700 times liquid of 70% sodium disulfone wettable powder and 300 times liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate be made of.

b) Stubble clearing, fertilization, and field preparation: clear the shed before September 20, combine it with drying the ground, and then apply 5,000 kg of decomposed chicken manure or pig manure per ^667m2 area. Before using the rotary tiller to turn the soil, Apply 75 kg of 54% (18-18-18) ternary low-chlorine compound fertilizer and 40 kg of urea to every 667m ² area, and then use a rotary tiller to remove stubble and dry the land, and make a furrow according to the width of the ditch 3.6m-3.8m , Leveling the furrows and waiting for transplanting.

c) Seedling transplanting: Before October 5th, water thoroughly first, and the prepared seedlings are connected with a row spacing of 9cm-10cm and a plant spacing of 5cm-6cm. Two seedlings are transplanted in each hole, and the depth is 8cm-10cm. After insertion, enter the normal management ; Put on the shed film at the end of October, and put on the grass thatch or heat preservation quilt on November 10 to facilitate the temperature adjustment and heat preservation work stage.

d) Fertilizer and water management for the first stubble of Artemisia argyi: After the Artemisia argyi is planted, when the border surface appears dry, apply water for the first time to promote living trees, but do not flood the roots to prevent retting. When the border surface is slightly dry, water every For an area of 667m2, use ¹²⁰ grams of root-stimulating agent and 16 ml of 0.01% brassinolide mixed with 30 kg of water for spraying to promote cuttings and roots; ² Spread 54% (18-18-18) ternary low-chlorine compound fertilizer 40 kg, urea 35 kg on the area at 2 p.m. Let the fertilizer granules fall into the rhizosphere of the young seedlings, and then irrigate thoroughly to let the fertilizer dissolve completely; during the management period, the frequency of watering depends on the dryness and humidity of the border; 3-4 days after the first gibberellin spraying, combined with a flushing fertilization to increase the freshness and quality of Artemisia annua and improve economic benefits.

e) Control of diseases and insect pests of Artemisia annua head stubble: when the young shoots are 7cm-10cm long, use 150 grams of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 120 grams of 64% anti-virus alum wettable powder, and ¹⁰ % imidacloprid for every 667m2 area. Mix 60 grams of wet powder, 24 milliliters of 0.01% brassinolide and 50 kilograms of water to form a solution, and spray evenly after 3 p.m. every day, which has better preventive treatment and growth-promoting effects. When the seedlings grow to a height of 15cm ^- 20cm, use 50% boscalid water dispersible granules 30 grams, 50% iprodione wettable powder 75 grams, 72% cream urea manganese zinc wettable powder 90 grams per 667m2 area , 10% Xuanwang brand imidacloprid wettable powder 60g, 0.01% brassinolide 24ml mixed with 50kg water to form a solution, sprayed after 3 pm to ensure no disease and no pest damage, fresh and delicious, high yield .

f) Temperature control: During the growth period of Artemisia annua in the solar greenhouse, the highest temperature during the day is 25°C, the lowest temperature at night is 10°C, and the average temperature is maintained at 16°C-18°C. The temperature adjustment is mainly by grass thatch or heat preservation Remove the cover of the quilt and close the tuyere; after each fertilization and irrigation, the tuyere film should be opened for 1-2 days to prevent the ammonia from burning the seedlings. At the same time, the humidity adjustment is also adjusted by closing the tuyere.

Embodiment 3, in the solar greenhouse according to embodiment 1, in the continuous cultivation method of four crops integrated with water, fertilizer and medicine in rotation:

During the planting process of the second-crop artemisia described in step (2):

a) Stubble cleaning: After harvesting the first stubble of Artemisia annua, cut the stubbles of Artemisia annua of uneven height in time, with a uniform height of 2cm-3cm, and then clean up the residual branches and leaves to keep the solar greenhouse free of debris ;

b) Temperature control: After clearing the shed, in order to promote early budding and more budding, the temperature during the day is kept at 28°C-32°C. The temperature control is mainly by adjusting the size of the tuyere. Covering grass thatch or heat preservation is used to keep warm at night; when the small buds grow up to 2cm-3cm long, adjust the tuyere film on time, so that the maximum temperature in the greenhouse during the day is 25°C, and the minimum temperature at night is 10°C;

c) Fertilizer and water management: When the second crop of Artemisia annua seedlings reaches a height of 4cm-5cm, apply 60kg of 54% (18-18-18) low-chlorine ^compound fertilizer and 40kg of urea per 667m2, and start spreading at 3:00 p.m. on sunny days After fertilization, gently sweep with a soft broom to let the fertilizer particles fall into the rhizosphere, then irrigate with water to promote melting and absorption, and do not close the vents for 1-2 days after fertilization and watering to prevent ammonia poisoning; The frequency of watering Artemisia is determined by the dryness and wetness of the soil surface. Once the surface soil is dry, it will be irrigated; the last irrigation will be carried out 3-4 days after the first gibberellin spraying, combined with fertilization.

d) Pest control of Artemisia argyi in the ^second crop: After clearing the shed, use 180 grams of active root and seedling promoting agent, 240 grams of 80% carbendazim wettable powder, and 150 grams of 72% cream carbamide manganese zinc wettable powder for every 667m2 area. Spray with 50 kg of water to disinfect the soil and root stubble; when the seedlings reach 8cm-10cm high, use 150g of 50% procymidone wettable powder and 120g of 64% anti ^- virus alum wettable powder per 667m2 area , 24 milliliters of 0.01% brassinolide, 60 grams of 10% Xuanwang brand imidacloprid wettable powder mixed with 50 kilograms of water for spraying to prevent pests and diseases. The last spraying should be in the afternoon of 2-3 days before the first spraying of gibberellin. For every 667m ² area, use 75 grams of 50% iprodione wettable powder, 120 grams of 64% anti-virus alum wettable powder, Guangming brand Tian Fengsu 24ml, 10% Xuanwang brand imidacloprid wettable powder 60g mixed with 50kg water and sprayed evenly, the effect is quite good, and there is no drug spot.

Embodiment 4, in the solar greenhouse according to embodiment 1, in the continuous cultivation method for realizing the integrated rotation of water, fertilizer and medicine for four crops:

During the planting process of the kidney beans described in step (3):

a) Cultivation of kidney bean seedlings: choose a high-lying plot, use a nutrient bowl or a plastic tray to grow seedlings after leveling, and choose a nutrient bowl with a diameter of 8cm or a plastic tray with a size of 50cm×35cm and 32 holes. The nutrient soil uses a commercial substrate plus 1/3 of the sieved vegetable garden soil of the substrate volume, which is conducive to the transplanting of the nutrient soil in groups during planting, and is convenient for planting live trees. Put the nutrient soil into it so that it is 2cm away from the edge of the nutrient bowl or the plastic tray, so that it is easy to cover the soil after sowing, and then arrange the nutrient bowl or plastic tray into a furrow, and then water it thoroughly. After the treated kidney bean seeds are removed from moth-eaten seeds, broken seeds, mildewed seeds and small seeds, sow two seeds per bowl or hole. After sowing, spray water with a watering can once again. Soil cover, cover the soil with a thickness of 2cm, and spray water once with a watering can. After it dries, cover it with plastic film to keep it warm and moist, and set up an arch shed, and implement two or three sheds for heat preservation and seedling cultivation. The temperature during the day is 22°C-25°C, and at night The temperature is not lower than 15°C. When the kidney beans emerge from the soil, remove the plastic film, and at the same time strengthen the management of the seedbed to cultivate strong seedlings. The seedling age is 18-20 days;

b) Cleaning sheds, sunning the ground, fertilizing and raking the ground to make ridges: when the second crop of Artemisia annua is stubbled at the end of January and early February, quickly remove the residual branches and broken leaves. After drying the ground, apply 3000 decomposed chicken manure or pig manure per mu. -5000 kg, then add 50 kg of 54% (18-18-18) potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 30 kg of urea, then carry out mechanical rotation to remove stubble, and after raking, dry for 2-3 days Ridge according to the 1.8m or 1.2m of the ditch, the ridge height is 15-20cm, and then dry for 2-3 days, and apply 100-150 catties of decomposed bean cakes per mu, waiting for planting;

c) field planting, irrigation: the kidney bean seedlings with seedling age of 18-20 days, seedling height 8cm-12cm, consistent size, no damage by diseases and insect pests, no mechanical damage, according to the row spacing of 60cm * 90cm or the row spacing of 45cm * 120cm, each 667㎡, 1300-1500 holes, 2 plants per hole, 2600-3000 kidney bean seedlings per 667㎡ area. The surface is close to the rhizosphere 3cm-5cm, use iron milling to deal with the micro depressions, and then lay a 1-inch thick dropper. After the droppers are laid in the entire shed as required, cover the silver-gray plastic film, covering the whole layer, corresponding to each hole Break the membrane to release the kidney bean seedlings, and seal the root of the kidney bean seedlings at the exit of the seedlings with nutritious soil to prevent the high-temperature heat from rushing out of the seedlings at noon, and lay the dropper and plastic film for later use; after planting, the temperature in the shed is 22°C -25°C;

On the kidney bean planting in the solar greenhouse, the use of silver-gray film covering, drip irrigation under the film, the integrated mode of water and fertilizer, more scientifically exert its effect of increasing light and temperature, and can better prevent the harm of weeds, and drip irrigation under the film, greatly Save water resources, give full play to the effect of fertilizers on increasing production, improve fertilizer utilization rate, prevent flood irrigation and surface runoff, better control the humidity in the shed, reduce the degree of damage to diseases, and use a certain proportion of disease and insect control agents to effectively reduce diseases and insect pests Harm.

d) Hanger and pruning and topping: After the kidney beans are planted and slow seedlings, when the growth height reaches 15cm-20cm, hanger treatment is carried out to prevent mutual entanglement, affect ventilation and light transmission, and inhibit high yield. When hanging, two plants per hole Kidney bean seedlings each pull a hanging rope to keep the distance between the two kidney bean seedlings; when the kidney beans are branched, the branches should be lifted at the initial stage to increase the photosynthetic area and increase the production potential. When there are too many branches, the aging Remove side branches to enhance ventilation and light transmission, increase yield, and improve quality. When kidney bean main vines or side vines exceed the top of the sling by 10-15cm, remove the tops in time to prevent mutual entanglement or seal the top space between two rows. It is not conducive to high yield. In the middle and late stages, remove old and diseased leaves in time, which is conducive to ventilation, light transmission and disease prevention;

e) Control of live trees: After the kidney beans are planted, in order to promote live trees, shorten the slow seedling period, and combine the control of diseases and insect pests, for every 667 square meters, first use 300 times of active root-stimulating agent and 6-10 mg/L of sodium nitrophenolate 1. Zhiliyuan 1200 times liquid is mixed and sprayed, and then sprayed with sodium nitrophenolate 6-10mg/L every 7-10 days, which can mature 10-12 days earlier. When the main stem of kidney bean seedlings reaches one meter high, It is necessary to carry out chemical control to prevent excessive growth and form strong seedlings. Spray with 10% Ermei 1200-1500 times liquid per 667 square meters.

f) Integrated management of water, fertilizer and medicine: After the kidney beans are planted, there is sufficient base fertilizer and there is no shortage of nutrients, no top dressing is applied before pod setting, and water is controlled, but it cannot be controlled too much to prevent flower topping. When wilting occurs at noon, drip irrigation under the mulch is carried out, and 4-8 kg of kidney beans are used for fertilization per 667 square meters. 400 grams of wettable powder and 500 grams of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate are made into a mother liquor, then put into a dropper, and drip evenly to the roots of all kidney beans in the whole shed, to replenish water, chemicals and nutrients in time, and to better control fusarium wilt and root disease. Rot, underground insects and other related diseases and insect pests, to achieve the purpose of labor saving and high efficiency. After the pods are set, increase the management of fertilizer and water, and fertilize the kidney beans once every time drip irrigation, if necessary, add 15-20 kg of 45% (15-15-15) potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 15 kg of urea per 667m ² , 200 grams of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, and 400 grams of 70% sulfonate wettable powder are made into mother liquor, and evenly added to the dropper and applied to the roots of kidney beans. In a word, supplement with fertilizer and water.

Example 5, in the solar greenhouse according to Example 4, in the continuous cultivation method of four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: during the planting of kidney beans, pest control:

a) Seed treatment: mix 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times liquid with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate 300 times liquid, soak the seeds for 30 minutes, remove and rinse, then sow and raise seedlings;

b) After emergence: the seedbed can be sprayed once, which is 1200 times liquid of 31% triazole nucleotide morpholine hydrochloride, 900 times liquid of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, and 25% azoxystrobin A mixed solution of 2000 times liquid of suspending agent, 1500 times liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder and 300 times liquid of active root promoting agent;

c) After planting: mix 300 times of active root-stimulating agent, 6 mg/L of sodium nitrate, 1000 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and 1500 times of 10% imidacloprid for every 667 square meters, and then spray. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests at a certain stage after planting. After the live tree reaches the pod stage, generally no insecticides are used, but sodium nitrophenolate is sprayed every 10 days, and 1200 times of Zhiliyuan can be added once or twice before. spray;

d) Initial flowering stage: use 50 grams of 100 g/L elongated straight flower pods, 25% azoxystrobin suspending agent 2000 times liquid and 3% neutral bacteria wettable powder 600-800 times liquid per 667 square meters, and mix them to spray;

e) Pod stage: use 800-1000 times liquid of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 300-500 times liquid of 5% bacterial poison clear water agent, 6-10 mg/L of sodium nitrophenolate and 10% imidacloprid for every 667 square meters. The wet powder is mixed with 1500 times of liquid and then sprayed, and the general pests and diseases are controlled;

f) Pod filling stage: first use 50% iprodione wettable powder 1000 times liquid, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate 3000 times liquid, 100 g/L elongated tender straight flower pod 50 g, 10% Mix 1500 times liquid of imidacloprid wettable powder and spray it, every 10 days, use 1000 times liquid of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, 6-10mg/L of sodium nitrophenolate, 3000 times of 50% cyromazine suspending agent for every 667 square meters After the multiple liquids are mixed, they are sprayed for prevention and control, but during the whole growth period, pay attention to observation, find signs of diseases and insect pests at any time, and prescribe the right medicine at any time to ensure high yield and high efficiency of kidney beans in a safe environment.

Through a series of scientific management, kidney beans grow and develop safely, and the continuous use of sodium nitrophenolate matures about 10 days earlier, and the quality is good, the yield is high, and the yield is increased by more than 40%, and the use of water, fertilizer and medicine is integrated to reduce the number of medications , pollution-free, when it can be picked and listed, we must hurry up and sell it at a good price in early spring to improve economic benefits.

Example 6, in the solar greenhouse according to Example 1, in the continuous cultivation method for four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: during the cucumber planting process described in step (4):

a) Stubble fertilization and soil preparation: At the end of May, adopt the method of raising seedlings in nutrient pots to raise seedlings in time, and strengthen seedling management to cultivate strong seedlings. The seedling age reaches 25-30 days, and the leaf age is 3-4. Timely planting. Before mid-June, vacate the stubble and clear the garden, apply 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per 667m2 of land, and then spread 51% (17-17-17) potassium ^sulfate compound fertilizer or 54% (18-18-18) low 60 kilograms of chlorine compound fertilizers, and then the machine spins the stubble, and dries in the sun for 2-3 days, and makes a high ridge according to the width of the ditch 120 cm, the width of the ditch is 30 cm, and the height of the ridge is 15-20 cm.

b) field planting: after the furrow is done, sun-dry for 2-3 days, and when the cucumber seedlings have 3-4 leaves, select cucumber seedlings with the same size, no disease, no insects, and no mechanical trauma, and plant them according to the specifications of the row spacing of 32cm × 60cm; There are actually nearly 3,500 seedlings per mu, and the slow seedling management after planting is strengthened to promote live trees and lay a solid foundation for high-yield cucumbers.

c) Cultivation covered alternately with rainproof film and sunshade net: After the previous stubble is over, the solar greenhouse film is removed, and the scaffold is covered with sunshade net. When there is high temperature, strong light and no rain, only the sunshade net can prevent high temperature and rainfall When the weather is dry, cover the rainproof film and put away the rainproof film to cover the sunshade net. If the temperature is not high or the light is not strong, just pull the sunshade net, and it will be done alternately. High temperature and rain in summer is a difficult thing in cucumber production. How to overcome this problem is a pioneering work in cucumber production. After many years of experiments and practices, a mobile mulching cultivation model with sunshade nets and rainproof films was created, which can prevent damage caused by high temperatures in summer. , and can prevent the double-insurance cultivation caused by rainy summer, so that the off-season is not short, captures high-yield and high-efficiency cucumbers, and ensures market supply.

d) Integrated management of cucumber water, fertilizer and medicine: after picking, apply fertilizer once a week and water once a week. For the first time, it can be equipped with disease and insect control agents. The formula is: use 51% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer ¹⁰ per 667m2 area -15 kg, 300 grams of 70% sulfonate wettable powder, 300 grams of 70% methylthiobacterium wettable powder and 150 grams of 1.8% avermectin are mixed to better prevent and control fusarium wilt, root rot and nematodes and other pests.

Covering the sunshade net on hot sunny days and increasing the vents on the front eaves and the roof will greatly reduce the temperature and humidity. At the same time, implement black mulch, drip irrigation under the mulch, and grass on the mulch, and less irrigation to ensure the supply of water and fertilizer for cucumbers. Cool and humid.

e) After the cucumber is planted on a living tree, when the plant grows to a height of 15cm and has 4-5 true leaves, it begins to hang vines. During the fruit harvest period, remove old leaves, diseased leaves, side branches, and tendrils in time to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria , Enhance ventilation and enhance disease resistance.

Summer and autumn cucumbers are best picked 5 days after they bloom. The fruit has strong water retention capacity, long shelf life, good commerciality, and high yield. It is picked once every 2-3 days at the beginning, and once every 1-2 days during the peak fruiting period.

Embodiment 7, in the solar greenhouse according to embodiment 6, in the continuous cultivation method of four crops with integrated water, fertilizer and medicine rotation: pest control during cucumber planting:

Summer is hot and rainy, and cucumber diseases are serious, especially downy mildew, gray mold, and bacterial angular spot, which are often devastating diseases. In addition, there are other diseases, such as powdery mildew, blight, nematode disease, viral disease, etc. At the same time, there are thrips and aphids. Therefore, the prevention and control of cucumber diseases is very important. In the production of greenhouses, we use one method to control the humidity. First, we implement drip irrigation under the film and control the frequency of irrigation, and cover the rainproof film to prevent rainwater from entering the greenhouse. Open the front eaves, open the air vents on the roof and cover the insect nets, increase ventilation and moisture removal, and timely pruning, remove old and diseased leaves, increase ventilation and light transmission between plants, and control the humidity in the shed during the day. The relative humidity of the air is 50%, and the relative humidity of the air in the morning is below 85%.

In the production process of cucumbers, N fertilizer should be used, mainly N in potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. If the leaves turn yellow due to the lack of N fertilizer, N fertilizer can be supplemented in an appropriate amount. In the late growth period, in order to prevent premature mourning, Potassium is also added.

Specific drugs are used as follows:

a) Seedling stage: use 25% pyraclostrobin EC 3000 times liquid, 75% chlorothalonil WP 700 times liquid, 31% triazole nucleotide morpholine hydrochloride 800 times liquid, 40% Line phosphorus emulsifiable oil 1500 times mixed and poured once;

b) Slow seedling stage of planting: use 800 times liquid of 20% tolclofos-methyl EC, 700 times liquid of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 3000 times liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate wettable powder, 10% imidacloprid Mix 1500 times liquid of wettable powder and 300 times liquid of activity-promoting root-strengthening agent and spray;

c) From flowering and fruit setting to full fruit stage: first use 1000 times liquid of 50% procymidone wettable powder, 600 times liquid of 64% manganese zinc wettable powder of oxaxan, and 1500 times liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder before spraying; 10 days with 30% kresoxim-methyl wettable powder 2000 times liquid, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate wettable powder 3000 times liquid, 50% cyromazine suspension concentrate 3000 times liquid mixed and sprayed;

d) If there is downy mildew and bacterial angular spot, use 700 times liquid of 52.5% Yikuaijing wettable powder, 1500 times liquid of 60% etherazole·Dysenlian water dispersible granule, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate Mix 3000 times liquid of wettable powder and 800 times liquid of 3% mesophytic bacteria, spray it, and use it continuously for 2-3 times, once every 5-7 days.

Embodiment 8, in the solar greenhouse according to embodiment 6, in the continuous cultivation method of four crops integrated with water, fertilizer and medicine in rotation:: cucumber seedling stage, initial flowering stage, fruiting stage each sprayed once, 0.01 mg/l-0.1mg/ l Brassinolide, used to regulate growth, promote fruit setting, prevent melons from melting, significantly increase yield and improve quality; for vigorously growing cucumber plants, you can spray 1-2 times of booster, 150mg/ l Spraying the leaves of the plants can inhibit the excessive growth of the stems and vines. Once every 10 days, it can promote the transfer of more photosynthetic products to the fruits and increase the yield by 20%-35%. Affect fertilization; increase the growth rate of cucumber, use 4mg/l-6mg/l sodium nitrophenolate for spraying, every 667m ² , 50 kg of liquid medicine, once every 7 days, spray 3-4 times in total.

Claims (10)

1. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation methods in a kind of heliogreenhouse, which is characterized in that its Steps are as follows：

（1）The plantation of first planting reed wormwood artemisia：It carries out mid-September rising the clear canopy of stubble, fertilising, site preparation bedding, cuttage first planting reed wormwood artemisia at the beginning of 10 months, 10 The end of month upper greenhouse, straw mat or insulation quilt on mid-November control, the pipe of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control into conventional fertilizer application, watering, temperature Reason, since cuttage, by growth in 50-60 days, first planting reed wormwood artemisia was at the end of November to harvesting at the beginning of 12 months；

（2）The plantation of regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia：After harvesting first planting reed wormwood artemisia, by fertilising, watering, heat preservation, the management of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, pass through Growth in 50-60 days, you can harvesting regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia；

（3）The plantation of kidney bean or plant of Solanaceae：After the harvesting of regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia, clear canopy shines ground, and fertilising, which is raked the soil level, makees ridge, in early Febuary, determines It plants the healthy and strong kidney bean rice shoot caused harm without disease pest, had no mechanical damage or Solanaceae rice shoot was picked by growth management before early April Listing, kidney bean or Solanaceae rise the clear canopy of stubble before mid-June；

（4）Green cucumber：Cucumber nursery at the end of May, mid or late June field planting finish, and are alternately covered using rain-proof film and sunshade net Cultivation mode, using water-fertilizer-pesticide integrated management, rear harvesting is until at the beginning of September；

（5）After cucumber harvesting, the clear canopy of stubble, fertilising, site preparation bedding are risen again, into next crop rotation phase.

2. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that：The plantation of the plant of Solanaceae is the plantation of tomato, capsicum or eggplant.

3. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In the planting process of the first planting reed wormwood artemisia：

A) selection of rice shoot；3 days before cuttage, select disease-free free from insect pests, even thickness Kunming wormwood artemisia, go foliation net, by 12cm- 15cm length standard segments, after tying up by its root dipped in diseases prevention insect prevention medicament pack it is spare；

B) the clear canopy of stubble, fertilising, site preparation bedding are risen：Clear canopy, it is rear per 667m²Area applies 5000 kilograms of decomposed chicken manure or pig manure, makes Before being digged with rotary cultivator, per 667m²Area applies 54% 75 kilograms of ternary Di Lv composite fertilizers, 40 kilograms of urea, and then using rotation After the machine of ploughing stubble-cleaning site preparation shines ground, by packet ditch 3.6m-3.8m wide beddings, leveling furrow face waits for rice transplanting；

C) rice transplanting：It first sprinkles profoundly water, the rice shoot that will be got ready, meets line-spacing 9cm-10cm, spacing in the rows 5cm-6cm specifications, per the rice transplanting of 2 plants of cave, Depth 8cm-10cm；

D) first planting reed wormwood artemisia fertilizer and water management：After reed wormwood artemisia is planted, when dry ground occurs in furrow face, upper first time water promotes living, but should not Waterflooding prevents from macerating root, when furrow face is slightly dry, per 667m²16 milli of 120 grams of promoting root growth strengthening agents of area and 0.01% study on brassinolide Liter mixing converts 30 kg of water and sprays, and promotes to prick under cuttage work and root system；When young shoot is up to 6cm-8cm, per 667m²Face Product spreads fertilizer over the fields 54% 40 kilograms of ternary Di Lv composite fertilizers, and 35 kilograms of urea gently sweeps on seedling, makes with soft broom after broadcast application Fertiliser granulates, fall into seedling rhizosphere, and with and fill permeable, allow fertilizer all to dissolve；During management, upper waterside is several according to furrow face Depending on dry and wet situation；

E) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of first planting reed wormwood artemisia：When young shoot is up to 7cm-10cm, per 667m²50% procymidone wettable powder of area 150 grams of agent and 120 grams of 64% Sandofan wettable powder, 60 grams of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 0.01% study on brassinolide, 24 milli It rises mixing and is watered 50 kilograms of formation solution, even spraying prophylactic treatment and promotion are grown, when seedling grows 15cm-20cm high, often 667m²30 grams of 50% Boscalid water dispersible granules of area, 75 grams of 50% iprodione wettable powder, 72% cymoxanil mancozeb are wettable Property 90 grams of pulvis, 60 grams of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, that the mixing of 24 milliliters of 0.01% study on brassinolide is watered 50 kilograms of formation is molten Liquid is sprayed；

F) temperature controls：Enter growth period in the indoor reed wormwood artemisia of sunlight, daytime, maximum temperature was 25 DEG C, night it is minimum Temperature is 10 DEG C, and mean temperature is maintained at 16 DEG C -18 DEG C, and the adjusting of temperature takes off lid and air port mainly by straw mat or insulation quilt Closing；After each fertilising is poured water, air port film will open wide 1-2 days, prevent ammonia burn seedlings.

4. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that：Diseases prevention insect prevention medicament is by 70% 600-800 times of liquid of methyl sulfur bacterium wettable powder, 70% fenaminosulf wettable 300 times of liquid of 600-800 times of liquid of pulvis and 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate are mixed to prepare.

5. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described in regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia planting process in：

A) crops for rotation are cleared up：After first planting reed wormwood artemisia is tapped, the uneven reed wormwood artemisia stubble of height is cut into neat, uniform height 2cm-3cm in time, Then residul branch and leaf is cleaned out, no-sundries exist in heliogreenhouse；

B) temperature controls：After clear canopy, in order to promote early to sprout and have more bud, day temperature is maintained at 28 DEG C -32 DEG C, the control of temperature System, to close based on air port before not sprouting, followed by covers straw mat or insulation quilt mainly by the size of regulating tuyere It is kept the temperature for night；When budlet grows up to 2cm-3cm long, regulating tuyere film on time makes in greenhouse that daytime, maximum temperature was 25 DEG C, the minimum temperature at night is 10 DEG C；

C) fertilizer and water management：When regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia seedling reaches 4cm-5cm height, per 667m²Spread fertilizer over the fields 60 kilograms of 54% Di Lv composite fertilizers, urine 40 kilograms of element, is gently swept with soft broom after spreading fertilizer over the fields, fertiliser granulates is allowed to fall into rhizosphere, then is filled permeable promotion and dissolved absorption, is applied Ventilation opening is not closed after fertilizer watering within 1-2 days, prevents Ammonia toxicity；Regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia irrigation times are according to the dry and wet situation of soil surface It determines, as soon as table soil is dry, pours water；

D) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia：After clear canopy, per 667m²Area with 180 grams of active promoting root growth strengthening agents, 80% carbendazim After 240 grams of wettable powder, the mixing of 150 grams of 72% cymoxanil mancozeb wettable powder, be watered 50 kilograms of sprayings, to soil and root stubble into Row disinfection；When seedling reaches 8cm-10cm high, per 667m²150 grams of 50% procymidone wettable powder of area, 64% Sandofan 120 grams of wettable powder, 24 milliliters of 0.01% study on brassinolide, the mixing of 60 grams of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder be watered 50 kilograms into Row spraying, is used for preventing disease and pest.

6. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that：Step（3）In the planting process of the kidney bean：

A) cultivation of kidney bean rice shoot：Seedling raising and strengthening is carried out using nutritive cube or modeling disk, wherein makes it from nutrition Nutrition Soil loading Alms bowl or the places modeling Pan Kou side 2cm, after by nutritive cube or mould disk and be put into furrow, sprinkled profoundly water after setting, when surface is anhydrous, surface layer is slightly dry, just By processed kidney bean seed, by per alms bowl or per the sowing of two, hole, after planting, then with watering can a water is sprayed, after underwater go, then With Nutrition Soil headkerchief, headkerchief soil 2cm thickness, then a water is sprayed with watering can, and after dry, lid mulch, heat and moisture preserving, and put up arch Canopy, carries out two canopies or three canopies keep the temperature nursery, and wherein day temperature is 22 DEG C -25 DEG C, and night temperatures are not less than 15 DEG C, when kidney bean is broken Soil emergence, throws off mulch, while reinforcing seedbed management nurturing staff, and seedling age is 18-20 days；

B) clear canopy, which shines ground fertilising and rakes the soil level, makees ridge：After regrowth hair reed wormwood artemisia rises stubble at the beginning of 2 months at the end of January, residul branch and leaf is removed rapidly, shines ground Afterwards, 3000-5000 kilograms of decomposed chicken manure or pig manure are applied per acre, then applies 50 kilograms of 54% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, cross phosphorus Then 25 kilograms of sour calcium, 30 kilograms of urea carry out machine and revolve stubble-cleaning, and after raking, and shine 2-3 day and press 1.8m or 1.2m, packet ditch again Then ridge, the high 15-20cm in ridge shine 2-3 days, apply decomposed soya-bean cake 100-150 jins per acre, wait for field planting；

C) it is colonized, pours water：It it is 18-20 days by seedling age, height of seedling 8cm-12cm, in the same size, no disease pest causes harm, and has no mechanical damage Kidney bean rice shoot, by seeding row spacing 60cm × 90cm or seeding row spacing 45cm × 120cm, every 667 ㎡, the caves 1300-1500, per 2 plants of cave, often 667 ㎡ areas reach 2600-3000 plant kidney bean rice shoots, field planting earth up after, pour in time one time it is permeable；When kidney bean rice shoot setting-in watering Afterwards, after ridge face is dry, in ridge face at rhizosphere 3cm-5cm, micro- low-lying area is handled with iron milling, then lays 1 cun of thick dropper, entire canopy After inside having spread dropper as required, Silver Grey Mulching Film is covered, holostrome covers, and rupture of membranes releases kidney bean rice shoot at corresponding every cave, and To rice shoot exit, kidney bean rice shoot root is sealed with Nutrition Soil, prevents noon high temperature hot gas from going out boiling hot seedling, dropper and mulch paving It is for use after good；Temperature of shed is 22 DEG C -25 DEG C after field planting；

D) top is plucked in hanger and training：After kidney bean is colonized slow seedling, when growing height reaches 15cm-20cm, hanger processing is carried out, phase is prevented Mutually be intertwined, when hanger, distinguish a piece lifting rope of each drawing per two plants of cave kidney bean rice shoots, make two plants of kidney bean rice shoots separately keep away from From；Branch is also sling when kidney bean branch, initial stage, increases photosynthetic area, when kidney bean main stem or lateral bine exceed lifting rope top 10- When 15cm, top is plucked in time, is prevented from mutually winding or seal two in the ranks headspaces, is unfavorable for high yield, to the middle and later periods, in time Old leaf and sick leaf are gone, ventilation and penetrating light and diseases prevention are conducive to；

E) living control：After kidney bean is colonized, to promote living, shorten seedling-slowing stage, in conjunction with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, every 667 ㎡, with work Property promoting root growth strengthening agent 300 times of liquid, compound sodium nitrophenolate 6-10mg/L, plant 1200 times of source of power liquid, sprayed after mixing, later every 7 days -10 Its compound sodium nitrophenolate of spray, can do sth. in advance maturation -12 days 10 days, when kidney bean rice shoot, stem up to it is one meter high when it is necessary to progress control, Excessive growth is prevented, strong sprout is formed, every 667 ㎡ is sprayed with 10% your short beautiful 1200-1500 times of liquid；

F) water-fertilizer-pesticide integrated management：After kidney bean field planting, because of the abundance of base manure band, not scarce nutrition, not top dressing before bearing pods, and Moisture is controlled, but when wilting at noon, with regard to carrying out under-film drip irrigation, every 667 ㎡ is promoted with 4-8 kilograms of kidney bean punching fertilising, activity 600 grams of root strengthening agent, 300 grams of 70% methyl sulfur bacterium wettable powder, 400 grams of 70% fenaminosulf wettable powder, 50% phoxim breast 500 grams of oil is made into mother liquor, is reloaded into trickle irrigation utensil and instills in dropper, and uniform trickle irrigation to all kidney bean roots of full canopy is mended in time Water-filling point, medicament and nutrient；After seat pod, fertilizer and water management is increased, as soon as per trickle irrigation time water, a kidney bean punching fertilising is applied in punching, Even addition dropper punching is applied to kidney bean root.

7. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 6 Method, it is characterised in that：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in kidney bean planting process：

A) seed treatment：It is soaked after being mixed with 300 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 600 times of liquid and 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate Kind 30 minutes, after pulling flushing out, you can seeding and seedling raising；

B) after emerging：A medicine can be sprayed in seedbed, be 31% ribavirin Moroxydine Hydrochloride, 1200 times of liquid, 70% methyl sulphur 900 times of liquid of bacterium spirit wettable powder, 25% 2000 times of liquid of phonetic bacterium suspending agent, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid and activity The mixed solution of 300 times of liquid of promoting root growth strengthening agent；

C) after being colonized：Every 667 ㎡ 300 times of liquid of active promoting root growth strengthening agent, multiple sodium nitrate 6mg/L, 75% Bravo wettable powder After 1000 times of liquid, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid mixing, sprays, to fruiting period after living, use compound nitrophenol Sodium is primary every spray in 10 days；

D) initial bloom stage：Every 667 ㎡ elongates tender straight colored pod precious 50 grams and 25% Fluoxastrobin suspending agent, 2000 times of liquid and 3% with 100 grams/L Neutral 600-800 times of liquid of bacterium wettable powder, sprays after mixing；

E) fruiting period：Every 667 ㎡ 50% 800-1000 times of liquid of procymidone wettable powder, 5% 300-500 times of bacterium water cleaning agent It sprays after 1500 times of liquid, compound sodium nitrophenolate 6-10mg/L and 10% imidacloprid wettable powder liquid mixing；

F) full bloom pod phase：Every 667 ㎡ is first with 50% iprodione wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, 3000 times of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate Liquid, 100 grams/L were sprayed after elongating tender straight colored 50 grams of pod treasured, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid mixing, every 10 days, often 667 ㎡, 75% Bravo wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, compound sodium nitrophenolate 6-10mg/L, 50% cyromazine suspending agent, 3000 times of liquid are mixed Spraying prevention is carried out after conjunction.

8. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that：Step（4）During the green cucumber：

A) stubble fertilising site preparation bedding is risen：In the gardens Qian Tengchaqing mid-June, per 667m²Soil applies 3000 kilograms of decomposed manure, 60 kilograms of 51% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer or 54% Di Lv composite fertilizers are spread fertilizer over the fields again, and then machine revolves stubble-cleaning, suns the earth which has been ploughed up 2-3 days, by packet ditch 120cm wide makees high ridge, furrow width 30cm, the high 15-20cm in ridge；

B) it is colonized：It after furrow perform, suns the earth which has been ploughed up 2-3 days, when cucumber seedling 3-4 leaves, selects in the same size, disease-free no worm, no mechanical trauma Cucumber seedling, be colonized by seeding row spacing 32cm × 60cm specifications；

C) rain-proof film and sunshade net replace culture underglass：After preceding stubble, daylight film for greenhouse is unloaded, sunshade is covered on frame Net using the sun-proof high temperature-proof of sunshade net, when rainfall, covers rain-proof film when High temperature is without rainy day gas, and when no rain packs up Rain-proof film covers sunshade net, so alternately；

D) cucumber water-fertilizer-pesticide integrated management：It is per week to apply disposable fertilizer after picking starts, a water is poured, first time can match anti- Disease, insect prevention medicament, are formulated as every 667m²10-15 kilograms of 51% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer of area, 70% fenaminosulf wettable powder 150 grams of 300 grams, 300 grams of 70% methyl sulfur bacterium wettable powder and 1.8% avermectin mixing compositions；

E) after living of cucumber field planting, when plant grows to 15cm high, whens 4-5 piece true leaves, starts to hang climing, in the fruit receipts phase, to go in time Old leaf, sick leaf remove side shoot, pluck tendril, reduce germ radix.

9. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 8 Method, it is characterised in that：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control during green cucumber：

A) Seedling Stage：With 25% pyraclostrobin missible oil, 3000 times of liquid, 75% Bravo wettable powder, 700 times of liquid, 31% triazole It sprinkles and is poured once after 800 times of liquid of nucleotide Moroxydine Hydrochloride, 40% phonamiphos missible oil, 1500 times of liquid mixing；

B) it is colonized seedling-slowing stage：With 20% tolelofos-methyl missible oil, 800 times of liquid, 70% mancozeb wettable powder 700 times of liquid, 72% 3000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin sulphate wettable powder, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid, activity promote root strengthening agent It sprays after 300 times of liquid mixing；

C) it blooms and bears fruit to the best fruiting period：First white mancozeb wettable powder is disliked with 50% procymidone wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, 64% 600 times of liquid, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1500 times of liquid mixed atomizings；Every 10 days with 2000 times of 30% kresoxim-methyl wettable powder Liquid, 72% 3000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin sulphate wettable powder, 50% cyromazine suspending agent, 3000 times of liquid mixed atomizings；

D) if there is downy mildew and bacterial angular leaf spot, with 700 times of liquid of the fast net wettable powder of 52.5% suppression,

60% 1500 times of liquid of ether azoles Carbatene water dispersible granules, 72% 3000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin sulphate wettable powder and 3% It sprays after the 800 times of liquid mixing of middle raw bacterium, it is continuous to use 2-3 times, it is primary per 5-7 days.

10. realizing four batches of crops water-fertilizer-pesticide integration crop rotation continuous cultivation sides in heliogreenhouse according to claim 8 Method, it is characterised in that：Respectively spray is primary for cucumber at seedling stage, initial bloom stage, fruiting period, and 0.01 mg/l -0.1mg/l study on brassinolide is used It is grown in adjusting, promotes fruit setting, preventing melon；The plant vigorous to cucumber growth, which can spray, helps strong element for 1-2 times, and whens 11 leaves is used 150mg/l sprays plant blade face, can inhibit the excessive growth of vines, primary every 10 days；The speed of growth for improving cucumber, uses 4mg/ The compound sodium nitrophenolate of l-6mg/l is into spraying, per 667m², with 50 kilograms of liquid, 7 days primary, sprays 3-4 times altogether.