CN104025960A - Cherry tomato pollution-free cultivation method - Google Patents
Cherry tomato pollution-free cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104025960A CN104025960A CN201410210858.0A CN201410210858A CN104025960A CN 104025960 A CN104025960 A CN 104025960A CN 201410210858 A CN201410210858 A CN 201410210858A CN 104025960 A CN104025960 A CN 104025960A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cherry tomato pollution-free cultivation method. In the traditional cherry tomato cultivation technology, due to continuous cropping obstacles, high temperature and high humidity of the environment and serious plant diseases and insect pests, the yield is low, quality is poor and the pesticide residue is high. The novel cherry tomato pollution-free cultivation method fully has the advantages of cherry tomato pollution-free cultivation and improves the production benefits of cherry tomatoes. The adopted procedure includes pollution-free cultivation preparation, seedling cultivation, field planting, adjustment and control, nutrient and water management and harvesting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for non-polluted cultivation, particularly a kind of cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation.
Background technology
Cherry and tomato is the fruit of plant of Solanaceae eggplant, is annual herb plant, originates in Southeast Asia one band, imports China during the Western Han Dynastry into, and the non-polluted cultivation of existing more than 2000 year is historical so far.Eggplant all has non-polluted cultivation all over China, be the popular food that people like, and can prevent and treat various diseases, has very high medical value.Eggplant is nontoxic.
Tradition cherry and tomato non-pollution cultivation technique, because of its continuous cropping obstacle, high ambient temperature, high humidity, damage by disease and insect occurs serious, causes yielding poorly, poor quality, persticide residue be high.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of advantage that can give full play to cherry and tomato non-polluted cultivation, improve the new method for non-polluted cultivation of cherry and tomato productivity effect.
Technical scheme: 1, a kind of cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) non-polluted cultivation is prepared: pack ridging into sack, according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove; By greenhouse floor file cloth, and inside greenhouse is carried out disinfection;
2) grow seedlings: adopt the mixed-matrix of the peat composed of rotten mosses, Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite to add water, pack into without native point disk seedling growing, then sow, water, moisturizing vernalization, when 75%～95% seed hogback, moves to greenhouse by seedling dish;
3) field planting: when plant grows 1～2 leaf, be transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 5～6 leaves, then be transplanted to large field;
4) regulation and control are processed: the mepiquat chloride that squaring period, working concentration was 50～200mg/L, and in flowering stage, spray is respectively 50～150mg/L and 20～100mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate and drop-proof agent by concentration;
5) rich water quality management: be included in pour seedling recovering water after the slow seedling of field planting, then suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, selects fine day to water the morning, with backsight seedling growing way and the soil water
Minute water, at seedling-slowing stage, spray 0.3% urea, adopted after fruit at every turn, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% urea+0.3%;
6) gather: according to the market demand and cherry and tomato physical maturity degree, gather in time.
Good for making as the non-polluted cultivation matrix quality on non-polluted cultivation basis, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur, step 1) described in non-polluted cultivation ridging before putting into non-polluted cultivation bag, must through and disinfecting, thimerosal is formalin solution.
In described regulation and control treatment process, the mepiquat chloride that used squaring period is used by the amount of every mu of 2L, and interval sprays 1 time for 1 day again, amount by every mu of 5L is used, the methyl α-naphthyl acetate that used flowering stage and drop-proof agent are to adopt spraying inflorescence mode, every 2 spray 1 time, all by the amount of every mu of 4L, use at every turn.
In described rich water quality management operation, saidly depending on seedling growing way and soil moisture, water, for watering 1 time every 5 left and right, after watering, leak informaton in time, avoid low temperature and high relative humidity to bring out various diseases, at seedling-slowing stage, the urea spraying is every 4 times, spray altogether 2 times, adopted after fruit at every turn, the urea liquid spraying is sprayed onto that blade face is moistening is advisable.
The described consumption of using base manure is used urea 1040kg by 67m2, superphosphate 730kg, potassium sulfate 5～4kg, zinc sulphate 2～6kg.
Beneficial effect: advantage of the present invention is that twice transplanting cherry and tomato extended 10～30 days than the cherry and tomato of once transplanting breeding time, obtains 100～200 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature more; The configuration of mepiquat chloride is adjusted according to different growing stages, reaches optimum growh effect, makes cherry and tomato robust growth, increases output, improves quality, thereby damage by disease and insect is reduced, and the usage amount of agricultural chemicals reduces, and environmental pollution reduces.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
A cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) non-polluted cultivation is prepared: non-polluted cultivation ridging can be selected Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses or both mixed-matrixes, and non-polluted cultivation ridging must carry out disinfection before using, and by drip-irrigation system, uses the formalin thimerosal of 20 times of left and right; Bag selects the pollution-free vegetable growth special plastic film that milky is opaque or white black and white is outside two-sided to make, and non-polluted cultivation bag is pillow type, the about 10L of volume, every bag of non-polluted cultivation 2～5 strain cherry and tomatos.Non-polluted cultivation ridging through disinfecting is packed in bag, according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove, non-polluted cultivation density is generally 1 strain/m
2～5 strains/m
2, non-polluted cultivation groove is North and South direction to be placed, and has 2% the gradient, before transplanting, at the liftoff 3cm～6cm of sack drain-side place, offers 1～3 lateral aperture.
By the Land leveling in greenhouse, Bei Gaonan is slightly low, then covers one deck black ground cloth, isolated soil-borne disease insect pest.Sterilization can be used ecological sterilization, in summer, utilizes the vexed canopy of high temperature to carry out ecology sterilization, general the in the situation that of fine day, about 7 days; Also can with medicament sterilization, splashed with saturated limewater in the places such as four jiaos in greenhouse, dead angle, growing frame, non-polluted cultivation groove, drip irrigation system, with 10% tpn aerosol 200g/667m
2carry out disinfection.
2) grow seedlings: employing is without native point disk seedling growing, and with the cave dish in domestic 50 caves, with the mixed-matrix of the peat composed of rotten mosses and wooden rock or the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite, matrix and the apparatus of growing seedlings must be sterilized, and available 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate soaks or 500 times of liquid of carbendazim of 50% are sprayed.Generally select the small fruit type kind of low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, indeterminate growth that disease resistance is strong, as 72～68 of Holland, cherub, little holy peach etc., before sowing, matrix adds suitable quantity of water, mix and pack cave dish into, about 1cm～the 1.5cm of sowing depth, cover one deck vermiculite or perlite above, broadcast and with clear water, irrigate afterwards, then moisturizing vernalization.Before emerging, preference temperature is 25 ℃ of left and right, when 60%～70% seed hogback, in time seedling dish is moved on the frame of nursing young plants in hothouses and is afforested.10 ℃～27 ℃ of seedling temperature in suitable daytime, night, temperature was 18 ℃～20 ℃.Between nursery stage, note shading cooling, water and want even, seedling cotyledon is open and flat, true leaf is while starting to grow, and waters every other day 0.8ms/cm～1.2ms/cm complete nutrition liquid one time.
3) field planting: when plant grows 1～2 leaf, be transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 5～6 leaves, then be transplanted to large field; The field planting degree of depth is advisable to reach cotyledonary node, and a large amount of irrigation in a week after field planting, in order to root growth; After field planting, drench in time sufficient normal root water, and add agricultural streptomycin 10g in every 100kg normal root water, prevention bacterial disease.
Twice transplanting of said plant, refers to after sowing and grow plant and once transplants, plant regeneration after long a period of time after transplanting, more once transplant.
4) regulation and control are processed: the mepiquat chloride that squaring period, working concentration was 50～200mg/L, in flowering stage, spray is respectively 50～150mg/L and 20～100mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate and drop-proof agent by concentration.
5) rich water quality management: be included in pour seedling recovering water after the slow seedling of field planting, then suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, select fine day to water the morning, with backsight seedling growing way and soil moisture, water, after watering, leak informaton in time, at seedling-slowing stage, spray 0.2% urea, adopted after fruit at every turn, sprayed the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% urea+0.2%;
6) gather: according to the market demand and cherry and tomato physical maturity degree, gather in time.
Environment is controlled: cherry and tomato different growing is different to the requirement of temperature humidity, as shown in table 1, should maintain in optimum range as far as possible, takes night insulation winter, utilizes summer and shades, passes through the help coolings such as window, ventilating fan, spray;
Table 1: the requirement of cherry and tomato different growing to environmental condition
Main diseases pest control: greenhouse disease insect pest occurs less, mainly contains the insect pests such as the diseases such as gray mold, virus disease, leaf mold and aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, can adopt targetedly biopesticide or low-toxin farm chemicals to prevent and treat.
Claims (4)
1. a cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) non-polluted cultivation is prepared: pack ridging into sack, according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove; By greenhouse floor file cloth, and inside greenhouse is carried out disinfection;
2) grow seedlings: adopt the mixed-matrix of the peat composed of rotten mosses, Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite to add water, pack into without native point disk seedling growing, then sow, water, moisturizing vernalization, when 75%～95% seed hogback, moves to greenhouse by seedling dish;
3) field planting: when plant grows 1～2 leaf, be transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 5～6 leaves, then be transplanted to large field;
4) regulation and control are processed: the mepiquat chloride that squaring period, working concentration was 50～200mg/L, and in flowering stage, spray is respectively 50～150mg/L and 20～100mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate and drop-proof agent by concentration;
5) rich water quality management: be included in pour seedling recovering water after the slow seedling of field planting, then suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, selects fine day to water the morning, with backsight seedling growing way and the soil water
Minute water, at seedling-slowing stage, spray 0.3% urea, adopted after fruit at every turn, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% urea+0.3%;
6) gather: according to the market demand and cherry and tomato physical maturity degree, gather in time.
As claimed in claim 1 a kind of cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation, step 1) in, non-polluted cultivation ridging can be selected Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses or both mixed-matrixes, non-polluted cultivation ridging must carry out disinfection before using, by drip-irrigation system, use the formalin thimerosal of 20 times of left and right; Bag selects the pollution-free vegetable growth special plastic film that milky is opaque or white black and white is outside two-sided to make, and non-polluted cultivation bag is pillow type, the about 10L of volume, every bag of non-polluted cultivation 2～5 strain cherry and tomatos.Non-polluted cultivation ridging through disinfecting is packed in bag, according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove, non-polluted cultivation density is generally 1 strain/m2～5 strain/m2, non-polluted cultivation groove is North and South direction and places, there is 2% the gradient, before transplanting, at the liftoff 3cm～6cm of sack drain-side place, offer 1～3 lateral aperture.
As claimed in claim 1 a kind of cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation, step 2) in, the apparatus of growing seedlings must be sterilized, available 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate soaks or 500 times of liquid sprayings of carbendazim of 50%.
As claimed in claim 1 a kind of cherry and tomato method for non-polluted cultivation, step 3) in, after field planting, drench in time sufficient normal root water, and add agricultural streptomycin 10g in every 100kg normal root water, prevention bacterial disease.
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104823792A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 黄旭胜 | Efficient cultivation and management method for carambola |
| CN104938227A (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2015-09-30 | 蚌埠市双墩农业生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for increasing survival rate of seedlings after tomatoes are transplanted |
| CN105123227A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽鹏翔生态农业有限公司 | Cherry and tomato seedling cultivating method |
| CN105453885A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-06 | 胡永军 | Method for promoting solar greenhouse tomato fruit setting |
| CN105815070A (en) * | 2016-03-26 | 2016-08-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Method for quickening later-period natural maturity of autumn delayed lycopersicon esculentum in greenhouse |
| CN106171346A (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-12-07 | 张灿芳 | A kind of garden potted cherries Fructus Lycopersici esculenti technology |
| CN108651185A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-16 | 福建农林大学 | Tomato fertilising-irrigation-the water discharge method for reducing soil salt, improving yield |
| CN108849303A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-23 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods of cherry tomato |
| CN109105140A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-01 | 普定县石阶农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cherry potted landscape cultural method |
| CN113575315A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 山西农业大学 | Planting method for promoting tomato growth and development and fruit quality based on calcium-zinc co-application |
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| CN106171346A (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-12-07 | 张灿芳 | A kind of garden potted cherries Fructus Lycopersici esculenti technology |
| CN104823792A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 黄旭胜 | Efficient cultivation and management method for carambola |
| CN104938227A (en) * | 2015-06-27 | 2015-09-30 | 蚌埠市双墩农业生物科技开发有限责任公司 | Method for increasing survival rate of seedlings after tomatoes are transplanted |
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| CN105453885A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-06 | 胡永军 | Method for promoting solar greenhouse tomato fruit setting |
| CN105815070A (en) * | 2016-03-26 | 2016-08-03 | 安徽科技学院 | Method for quickening later-period natural maturity of autumn delayed lycopersicon esculentum in greenhouse |
| CN108849303A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-23 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods of cherry tomato |
| CN108651185A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-16 | 福建农林大学 | Tomato fertilising-irrigation-the water discharge method for reducing soil salt, improving yield |
| CN109105140A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-01 | 普定县石阶农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cherry potted landscape cultural method |
| CN113575315A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 山西农业大学 | Planting method for promoting tomato growth and development and fruit quality based on calcium-zinc co-application |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |