CN104025841A - Bulb onion pollution-free cultivation method - Google Patents
Bulb onion pollution-free cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104025841A CN104025841A CN201410210126.1A CN201410210126A CN104025841A CN 104025841 A CN104025841 A CN 104025841A CN 201410210126 A CN201410210126 A CN 201410210126A CN 104025841 A CN104025841 A CN 104025841A
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Abstract
In a traditional bulb onion cultivation technology, bulb onions are low in yield, poor in quality and high in pesticide residue due to successive cropping obstacles, high-temperature and high-humidity environment and serious diseases and inset pests. The invention provides a novel pollution-free cultivation method which gives fully play to the advantages of pollution-free cultivation of bulb onions and improves the production effectiveness of the bulb onions. The method includes the procedures of pollution-free cultivation preparation, seedling, planting, regulation and control processing, fertilizer and water management and harvesting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for non-polluted cultivation, particularly a kind of pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation.
Background technology
Pearl green onion is the fruit of plant of Solanaceae eggplant, is annual herb plant, originates in Southeast Asia one band, imports China when the Western Han Dynastry into, so far the non-polluted cultivation history of existing more than 2000 year.Eggplant all has non-polluted cultivation all over China, be the popular food that people like, and can prevent and treat various diseases, has very high medical value.Eggplant is nontoxic.
Tradition pearl green onion non-pollution cultivation technique, because of its continuous cropping obstacle, high ambient temperature, high humidity, damage by disease and insect occurs serious, causes yielding poorly, poor quality, persticide residue be high.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of advantage that can give full play to pearl green onion non-polluted cultivation, improve the new method for non-polluted cultivation of pearl green onion productivity effect.
Technical scheme: 1, a kind of pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) non-polluted cultivation is prepared: pack ridging into sack, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion; By greenhouse floor file cloth, and inside greenhouse is carried out disinfection;
2) grow seedlings: adopt the mixed-matrix of the peat composed of rotten mosses, Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite to add water, pack into without native point disk seedling growing, then sow, water, moisturizing vernalization, in the time of 75%～95% seed hogback, moves to greenhouse by seedling dish;
3) field planting: in the time that plant grows 1～2 leaf, be transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, in the time that plant grows 5～6 leaves, then be transplanted to large field;
4) regulation and control are processed: the mepiquat chloride that squaring period, working concentration was 50～200mg/L, and in flowering stage, spray is respectively 50～150mg/L and 20～100mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate and drop-proof agent by concentration;
5) rich water quality management: be included in pour seedling recovering water after the slow seedling of field planting, then suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, select fine day to water the morning, water with backsight seedling growing way and soil moisture, at seedling-slowing stage, spray 0.3% urea, adopted after fruit at every turn, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% urea+0.3%;
6) gather: gather in time according to the market demand and pearl green onion physical maturity degree.
Good for making as the non-polluted cultivation matrix quality on non-polluted cultivation basis, reduce damage by disease and insect occur, step 1) described in non-polluted cultivation earth up before putting into non-polluted cultivation bag, must through disinfecting, thimerosal is formalin solution.
In described regulation and control treatment process, the mepiquat chloride that used squaring period is used by the amount of every mu of 2L, and interval sprays 1 time for 1 day again, use by the amount of every mu of 5L, the methyl α-naphthyl acetate that used flowering stage and drop-proof agent are to adopt spraying inflorescence mode, every 2 spray 1 time, all use by the amount of every mu of 4L at every turn.
In described rich water quality management operation, saidly water depending on seedling growing way and soil moisture, for watering 1 time every 5 left and right, after watering, leak informaton in time, avoid low temperature and high relative humidity to bring out various diseases, at seedling-slowing stage, the urea spraying is every 4 times, spray altogether 2 times, adopted after fruit at every turn, the urea liquid spraying is sprayed onto that blade face is moistening is advisable.
The described consumption of using base manure is used urea 1040kg by 67m2, superphosphate 730kg, potassium sulfate 5～4kg, zinc sulphate 2～6kg.
Beneficial effect: advantage of the present invention is that twice transplanting pearl green onion extended 10～30 days than the pearl green onion of once transplanting breeding time, obtains 100～200 DEG C of effective accumulated temperature more; The configuration of mepiquat chloride is adjusted according to different growing stages, reaches optimum growh effect, makes pearl green onion robust growth, increases output, improves quality, thereby damage by disease and insect is reduced, and the usage amount of agricultural chemicals reduces, and environmental pollution reduces.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
A kind of pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) non-polluted cultivation is prepared: non-polluted cultivation ridging can be selected Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses or both mixed-matrixes, before non-polluted cultivation ridging is used, must carry out disinfection, and by drip-irrigation system, uses the formalin thimerosal of 20 times of left and right; Bag selects the pollution-free vegetable growth special plastic film that milky is opaque or white black and white is outside two-sided to make, and non-polluted cultivation bag is pillow type, the about 10L of volume, every bag of non-polluted cultivation 2～5 strain pearl green onions.Non-polluted cultivation ridging through disinfecting is packed in bag, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion, non-polluted cultivation density is generally 1 strain/m
2～5 strains/m
2, non-polluted cultivation groove is North and South direction to be placed, and has 2% the gradient, before transplanting, offers 1～3 lateral aperture at the liftoff 3cm～6cm of sack drain-side place.
By the Land leveling in greenhouse, Bei Gaonan is slightly low, then covers one deck black ground cloth, isolated soil-borne disease insect pest.Sterilization can be used ecological sterilization, utilizes the vexed canopy of high temperature to carry out ecology sterilization in summer, general the in the situation that of fine day, about 7 days; Also can with medicament sterilization, splashed with saturated limewater in the places such as four jiaos in greenhouse, dead angle, growing frame, non-polluted cultivation groove, drip irrigation system, with 10% tpn aerosol 200g/667m
2carry out disinfection.
2) grow seedlings: employing is without native point disk seedling growing, and with the cave dish in domestic 50 caves, with the mixed-matrix of the peat composed of rotten mosses and wooden rock or the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite, matrix and the apparatus of growing seedlings must be sterilized, and available 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate soaks or 500 times of liquid of carbendazim of 50% are sprayed.Generally select the small fruit type kind of low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, indeterminate growth that disease resistance is strong, as 72～68 of Holland, cherub, little holy peach etc., before sowing, matrix adds suitable quantity of water, mix and pack cave dish into, about 1cm～the 1.5cm of sowing depth, cover one deck vermiculite or perlite above, broadcast and irrigate with clear water afterwards, then moisturizing vernalization.Before emerging, preference temperature is 25 DEG C of left and right, in the time of 60%～70% seed hogback, in time seedling dish is moved on the frame of nursing young plants in hothouses and is afforested.10 DEG C～27 DEG C of seedling temperature in suitable daytime, night 18 DEG C～20 DEG C of temperature.Between nursery stage, note the cooling of shading, water and want even, seedling cotyledon is open and flat, true leaf is while starting to grow, waters every other day 0.8ms/cm～1.2ms/cm complete nutrition liquid one time.
3) field planting: in the time that plant grows 1～2 leaf, be transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, in the time that plant grows 5～6 leaves, then be transplanted to large field; The field planting degree of depth is advisable to reach cotyledonary node, and a large amount of irrigation in a week after field planting, in order to root growth; After field planting, drench in time sufficient normal root water, and add agricultural streptomycin 10g in every 100kg normal root water, prevention bacterial disease.
Twice transplanting of said plant, refers to after sowing and grow plant and once transplants, and after transplanting after long a period of time of plant regeneration, more once transplants.
4) regulation and control are processed: the mepiquat chloride that squaring period, working concentration was 50～200mg/L, in flowering stage, spray is respectively 50～150mg/L and 20～100mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate and drop-proof agent by concentration.
5) rich water quality management: be included in pour seedling recovering water after the slow seedling of field planting, then suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, select fine day to water the morning, water with backsight seedling growing way and soil moisture, after watering, leak informaton in time, at seedling-slowing stage, spray 0.2% urea, adopt after fruit at every turn, sprayed the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.2% urea+0.2%;
6) gather: gather in time according to the market demand and pearl green onion physical maturity degree.
Environment control: the requirement difference of pearl green onion different growing to temperature humidity, as shown in table 1, should maintain in optimum range as far as possible, take night insulation winter, utilize summer and shade, help to lower the temperature by window, ventilating fan, spray etc.;
Table 1: the requirement of pearl green onion different growing to environmental condition
Main diseases pest control: greenhouse disease insect pest occurs less, mainly contains the insect pests such as the diseases such as gray mold, virus disease, leaf mold and aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, can adopt targetedly biopesticide or low-toxin farm chemicals to prevent and treat.
Claims (4)
1. a pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) non-polluted cultivation is prepared: pack ridging into sack, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion; By greenhouse floor file cloth, and inside greenhouse is carried out disinfection;
2) grow seedlings: adopt the mixed-matrix of the peat composed of rotten mosses, Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite to add water, pack into without native point disk seedling growing, then sow, water, moisturizing vernalization, in the time of 75%～95% seed hogback, moves to greenhouse by seedling dish;
3) field planting: in the time that plant grows 1～2 leaf, be transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, in the time that plant grows 5～6 leaves, then be transplanted to large field;
4) regulation and control are processed: the mepiquat chloride that squaring period, working concentration was 50～200mg/L, and in flowering stage, spray is respectively 50～150mg/L and 20～100mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate and drop-proof agent by concentration;
5) rich water quality management: be included in pour seedling recovering water after the slow seedling of field planting, then suitably restraining the growth of seedlings, select fine day to water the morning, water with backsight seedling growing way and soil moisture, at seedling-slowing stage, spray 0.3% urea, adopted after fruit at every turn, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3% urea+0.3%;
6) gather: gather in time according to the market demand and pearl green onion physical maturity degree.
As claimed in claim 1 a kind of pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation, step 1) in, non-polluted cultivation ridging can be selected Mu Yan, the peat composed of rotten mosses or both mixed-matrixes, before being used, non-polluted cultivation ridging must carry out disinfection, by drip-irrigation system, use the formalin thimerosal of 20 times of left and right; Bag selects the pollution-free vegetable growth special plastic film that milky is opaque or white black and white is outside two-sided to make, and non-polluted cultivation bag is pillow type, the about 10L of volume, every bag of non-polluted cultivation 2～5 strain pearl green onions.Non-polluted cultivation ridging through disinfecting is packed in bag, put on greenhouse non-polluted cultivation groove according to non-polluted cultivation density criterion, non-polluted cultivation density is generally 1 strain/m2～5 strain/m2, non-polluted cultivation groove is North and South direction and places, there is 2% the gradient, before transplanting, offer 1～3 lateral aperture at the liftoff 3cm～6cm of sack drain-side place.
As claimed in claim 1 a kind of pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation, step 2) in, the apparatus of growing seedlings must be sterilized, available 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate soaks or 500 times of liquid sprayings of 50% carbendazim.
As claimed in claim 1 a kind of pearl green onion method for non-polluted cultivation, step 3) in, after field planting, drench in time sufficient normal root water, and add agricultural streptomycin 10g in every 100kg normal root water, prevention bacterial disease.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105519389A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-27 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Method for preventing diseases and insect pests of allium fistulosum |
| CN105594411A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-05-25 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Pollution-free high-yield cultivation method for Chinese onions |
| CN105660149A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Cultivation method for conducting multiple cropping on allium cepa L.var.agrogatum don. and oilseed rape serving as feed |
| CN105815056A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-08-03 | 麻阳亿和生态农业专业合作社 | Flocculent scallion cultivation technology |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1669394A (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2005-09-21 | 江汉大学 | Chemical method for controlling and cultivating high yield high grade hot pepper |
| CN101960981A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-02-02 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for cultivating cherries and tomatoes |
-
2014
- 2014-05-19 CN CN201410210126.1A patent/CN104025841A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1669394A (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2005-09-21 | 江汉大学 | Chemical method for controlling and cultivating high yield high grade hot pepper |
| CN101960981A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-02-02 | 镇江市京口区瑞京农业科技示范园 | Method for cultivating cherries and tomatoes |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105815056A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-08-03 | 麻阳亿和生态农业专业合作社 | Flocculent scallion cultivation technology |
| CN105594411A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-05-25 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Pollution-free high-yield cultivation method for Chinese onions |
| CN105519389A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-27 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Method for preventing diseases and insect pests of allium fistulosum |
| CN105519389B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-07-27 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | The prevention method of shallot pest and disease damage |
| CN105660149A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Cultivation method for conducting multiple cropping on allium cepa L.var.agrogatum don. and oilseed rape serving as feed |
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Application publication date: 20140910 |