CN105409498A - Planting method for muskmelons - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for muskmelons. The planting method comprises the following steps of: site preparation, soil preparation, sowing, and field management. The planting method disclosed by the invention can ensure rich organic matter content of the root system and nutrient reserve in the whole growing period, and increases the fluffy degree of soil and has a good effect of adsorbing nutrients to have a slow release function. Perfect development of the root is the foundation of high yield of the whole plant. Finally, spraying top dressing only requires to be carried out according to a transplanted condition.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of muskmelon

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of implantation methods of muskmelon, belongs to the technical field of Muskmelon Planting in plantation class.

Background technology

The requirement of Muskmelon Planting: 1. soil: muskmelon requires not strict to soil, but deep with soil layer, and permeability is good, and not easily the sandy loam of ponding is the most applicable, and muskmelon Later growth has early ageing phenomenon, and sand should do ealy maturing culture; And heavy soil gos up slow because of ground temperature in early spring, should do late-maturing cultivation, muskmelon suitable soil is that pH5.5-8.0 peracid, the excessively soil of alkali carry out melon wilt after all needing improvement again.2. illumination: muskmelon happiness illumination, needs 10-12 h light every day to maintain to grow normally, therefore melon wilt ground should select away from village and woods place, in order to avoid shade, uses plastic film and the glass that transparency is high, do not hang the globule during Protectorate cultivation as far as possible.3. temperature: muskmelon happiness temperature is heat-resisting, and pole is not cold-resistant, seed sprouting temperature 15-37 DEG C, and outdoor sowing in early spring should be stabilized in more than 15 DEG C, in order to avoid rotten kind, plant strain growth temperature is advisable with 25-30 DEG C, all can grow in 14-45 DEG C.The suitableeest 25 DEG C of temperature of blooming, fruit maturation thermophilic 30 DEG C.And the day and night temperature of temperature is very large to the qualitative effects of muskmelon, day and night temperature is large, is conducive to the accumulation of sugar and the raising of fruit quality.

Muskmelon contains the nutrients such as protein, carbohydrate, carotin, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, nicotinic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, also containing the invertase that insoluble protein can be transformed into soluble protein.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in prior art, provides a kind of implantation methods of muskmelon.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

An implantation methods for muskmelon, comprises the following steps:

(1) selection of land:

Seed farm is except possessing the necessary requirement needed for muskmelon growth, also want Relatively centralized, in flakes, so that management and guidance, and the crop rotation of ventilation and penetrating light, more than 3-5, muskmelon is cross pollinated plant, in the space of different cultivars, isolation is not less than 500M, front stubble is ideal with wheat, rice, corn, without damage by disease and insect, without saline and alkaline.

(2) wholely:

A: the plot chosen: semi supplied manure 2500-5000KG/ mu, phosphate fertilizer 50-60KG/ mu, the nitramine 15KG/ mu of high-quality of leveling land, use, or single sealing fertilizer material 20KG/ mu;

B: for avoiding topdressing after planting occurring or burns seedling, farmyard manure should spread fertilizer over the fields in advance to be ploughed deeply in field, chemical fertilizer when playing the pool deep placement in the non-irrigated pool, for when disease prevention plays the pool every mu with bactericide (carbendazim or tpn) 1KG, spray or mix wet sand and execute in soil, to be used for sterilization;

C: the wide 210CM in the muskmelon floods and droughts pool, pool suitable for reading wide be 40CM, the non-irrigated pool suitable for reading wide be 170CM, the ditch degree of depth is all advisable with 30-35CM, trapezoidal shape (face is little, the end is large) or the same wide up and down can be done with Ju local climate condition and cropping pattern, the pool, the non-irrigated pool is straight, water cannot not lain bendingly to reach, pour water subsequently.

(3) sow:

A: seed treatment: presoaking and germinating can be carried out to seed according to the weather conditions of locality and soil market conditions, neat and healthy and strong to guarantee to emerge, if weather is more stable, soil moisture content better can carry out presoaking and germinating, if otherwise it is bad, then not presoaking and germinating, can directly sow, conventional germination accelerating method: water seed being put into 50-55 DEG C, a cold water converted by about three parts of boiling water, rapid stirring is when water temperature drops to below 30 DEG C, namely stop stirring, soak seed 12 hours, its seed soaking water yield is advisable with dipped seed aspect 2-3CM, then by seed with clean wet towel or bind up with gauze and be placed in dish, put into constant temperature 28-30 DEG C vernalization, treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow,

B: planting density: muskmelon male parent spacing in the rows 25CM, female parent strain are apart from 35-40CM, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 1800-2200 strain.

C: type of seeding: adopt duplicature (and adding lid layer Small plastic shed on overlay film Pingtang), the first rupture of membranes program request of first tunic, then add a cover Small plastic shed above, the male parents such as female parent are sowed with rupture of membranes after emerging, the sowing cave of its two row should be symmetrical with " fourth " font, seed should not be inverted, should lie in cave, one, cave seed (according to parent's amount number, simple grain, two grain or single two can be broadcast in the every cave of muskmelon), the degree of depth of sowing is advisable with .5CM, soil covers the fine sand compacting of 0.5CM, harden after rainproof, be beneficial to and emerge.

(4) field management:

1. look into seedling in time, fill the gaps with seedlings:

A: want idea " early, diligent, thin " in field management, namely Parent sowing emerges 7-10 day, checks in time to plot, checks situation of emerging, with or without scald, teleblem, burning seedling, if it is more to be short of seedling, should vernalization in time reseed;

B: should leak informaton to shed in time when male parent seedling grows to 2-3 sheet true leaf, specific practice be every day 12 noon take off compacting after opening Small plastic shed two to 6 pm, in process of growth, along with male parent is grown up gradually, air port also will increase gradually, treats that ambient temperature is stablized to mid-April, night can not compacting without air port during low temperature, to make the temperature in shed close with the external world, until the last ten-days period in May or the first tenday period of a month in June male parent start to take out climing, just can thoroughly make male parent at extraneous normal growth;

C: maternal field is in process of growth, if meet overcast and rainy, the soil that hardens in seedling cave should be abolished in time, loosing soil is breathed freely, is beneficial to and emerges and grow, if met slow Late frost, strong wind, spring snow, significantly low temperature etc., wheat straw Gai Miao to be used in time, note antifreeze, until female parent seedling full stand and 1-2 sheet true leaf time, plough deeply in time the non-irrigated pool, improve ground temperature, growth promoting effects;

2. prune, keep down the vines of a creeping plant:

A: male parent does not need training to keep down the vines of a creeping plant, but will strengthen management, promotes to open this flower in early days, if male parent flower amount is inadequate, can carries out pinching, impel lateral bine to grow fast, increase male flower quantity master is climing;

B: the maternal general mode adopting 1-2-6, as follows with regard to the two climing training specific practice of individual plant: (1) main climing timely pinching when growing 5 true leaves, according to the lateral bud development situation between each blade axil, select its growing way the same, grow healthy and strong and two adjacent lateral buds are climing as son, and pull in the middle of the non-irrigated pool with certain gradient, make its self-sow; (2) until son is climing grow 12-14 sheet leaf time, carrying out secondary pinching, staying the two or three grandson that it is symmetrical, growing way is the same climing; (3) grandson stayed is climing should be adjacent two to three on list is climing, or separately two to three, and climing its two panels leaf that stays of grandson carries out pinching; (4) the blade accumulative total of the every strain of the training of muskmelon must not be less than 40 leaves;

3. pour water, apply fertilizer:

A: irrigation fertilization is determined according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, if Seedling Stage growing way is weak, in conjunction with watering the first water fertilising (composite fertilizer 15KG/ mu, nitramine 20KG/ mu) apart from melon root 15CM place opening, can seal opening after fertilising;

B: second time was poured water before and after hybridization pollination last week, poured water and will accomplish timely and appropriate discovery, can not flood the pool, general only filling half pool water, in case of overcast and rainy, does not pour water.Irrigation period should rest in morning or afternoon;

C: third time pours water in the hybridization pollination later stage, can pour water when melon seat surely grows to egg size, as base fertilizer is not enough, now will coordinating pours water applies fertilizer again, based on composite fertilizer and nitramine, spreads manuer in holes;

D: fruit forwards to and carries out the 4th time in time between expanding stage and pour water, guarantee seed normal development, the feature should grasping each different times according to muskmelon different cultivars characteristic of pouring water is poured water, depending on soil and indivedual climatic effect, be separated by about 10 days, can pour water once;

4. foliage spray:

Topdress for 2-3 time except carrying out in the whole breeding time of muskmelon, also to should note especially before flowering with the foliage spray of fruit expanding period, join with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3-0.4% and execute appropriate urea (its ratio is different by different ratio amount in vegetative period, at general 0.1-0.2KG in one-tenth seedling stage), firmly stop to use the sprayer spraying weed killer herbicide and hormone medicine spraying in process.

Adopt method of the present invention to plant muskmelon, average every per mu yield can reach more than 5000 jin, and effect is considerable, and the use of inarching method makes seedling percent reach more than 90%, reduces labour, and economic benefit improves 20%.

Claims (1)

1. an implantation methods for muskmelon, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

(1) selection of land:

Seed farm is except possessing the necessary requirement needed for muskmelon growth, also want Relatively centralized, in flakes, so that management and guidance, and the crop rotation of ventilation and penetrating light, more than 3-5, muskmelon is cross pollinated plant, in the space of different cultivars, isolation is not less than 500M, front stubble is ideal with wheat, rice, corn, without damage by disease and insect, without saline and alkaline.

(2) wholely:

A: the plot chosen: semi supplied manure 2500-5000KG/ mu, phosphate fertilizer 50-60KG/ mu, the nitramine 15KG/ mu of high-quality of leveling land, use, or single sealing fertilizer material 20KG/ mu;

B: for avoiding topdressing after planting occurring or burns seedling, farmyard manure should spread fertilizer over the fields in advance to be ploughed deeply in field, chemical fertilizer when playing the pool deep placement in the non-irrigated pool, for when disease prevention plays the pool every mu with bactericide (carbendazim or tpn) 1KG, spray or mix wet sand and execute in soil, to be used for sterilization;

C: the wide 210CM in the muskmelon floods and droughts pool, pool suitable for reading wide be 40CM, the non-irrigated pool suitable for reading wide be 170CM, the ditch degree of depth is all advisable with 30-35CM, trapezoidal shape (face is little, the end is large) or the same wide up and down can be done with Ju local climate condition and cropping pattern, the pool, the non-irrigated pool is straight, water cannot not lain bendingly to reach, pour water subsequently.

(3) sow:

A: seed treatment: presoaking and germinating can be carried out to seed according to the weather conditions of locality and soil market conditions, neat and healthy and strong to guarantee to emerge, if weather is more stable, soil moisture content better can carry out presoaking and germinating, if otherwise it is bad, then not presoaking and germinating, can directly sow, conventional germination accelerating method: water seed being put into 50-55 DEG C, a cold water converted by about three parts of boiling water, rapid stirring is when water temperature drops to below 30 DEG C, namely stop stirring, soak seed 12 hours, its seed soaking water yield is advisable with dipped seed aspect 2-3CM, then by seed with clean wet towel or bind up with gauze and be placed in dish, put into constant temperature 28-30 DEG C vernalization, treat that seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally can sow,

B: planting density: muskmelon male parent spacing in the rows 25CM, female parent strain are apart from 35-40CM, and mu is kept a full stand of seedings 1800-2200 strain.

C: type of seeding: adopt duplicature (and adding lid layer Small plastic shed on overlay film Pingtang), the first rupture of membranes program request of first tunic, then add a cover Small plastic shed above, the male parents such as female parent are sowed with rupture of membranes after emerging, the sowing cave of its two row should be symmetrical with " fourth " font, seed should not be inverted, should lie in cave, one, cave seed (according to parent's amount number, simple grain, two grain or single two can be broadcast in the every cave of muskmelon), the degree of depth of sowing is advisable with .5CM, soil covers the fine sand compacting of 0.5CM, harden after rainproof, be beneficial to and emerge.

(4) field management:

1). look into seedling in time, fill the gaps with seedlings;

2). prune, keep down the vines of a creeping plant;

3). pour water, apply fertilizer;

4). foliage spray.