CN108401808A - Greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method - Google Patents
Greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108401808A CN108401808A CN201810062200.8A CN201810062200A CN108401808A CN 108401808 A CN108401808 A CN 108401808A CN 201810062200 A CN201810062200 A CN 201810062200A CN 108401808 A CN108401808 A CN 108401808A
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- watermelon
- artemisia selengensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, 1：It is colonized Grafted Watermelon Seedlings；2：After Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling, in greenhouse continued growth enter watermelon and stretch the climing phase, stretching the climing phase in watermelon carries out training and stays climing processing；3：Continued growth enters and blooms the phase of bearing fruit in greenhouse, and Watermelon Fruit is harvested after Watermelon Fruit maturation, roots out watermelon root, and site preparation is planted for artemisia selengensis；4：Green stalk artemisia selengensis or white stalk artemisia selengensis are planted by the way of stalk cuttage vegetative propagation in greenhouse；5：After stalk cuttage 3~4 days leaching fill 1 time it is permeable, after stalk cuttage rudiment in 7~10 days take root, when artemisia selengensis tender tip is grown to 3 ㎝, apply and carry seed manure；When artemisia selengensis seedling grows to 5~6 ㎝, urea is imposed；It is used in combination foliar fertilizer to carry out foliage-spray；Artemisia selengensis harvests first 7 days, imposes urea and promotes production fertilizer, and stubble is divided to harvest.The present invention can effectively mitigate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical fields, in particular to a kind of greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method.
Background technology
Watermelon is a kind of important industrial crops, is the good merchantable brand of reducing temperature of heatstroke prevention, is well received by consumers, has in this area
Larger planting scale.Artemisia selengensis is a kind of wild vegetable of artificial cultivation, and ground tender stem and underground rhizome are available for eating, because of it
Distinctive fragrance is well received by consumers.Artemisia selengensis produces based on autumn outdoor cropping+winter big-and-middle canopy culture underglass, June
The last ten-days period to mid or late September can cultivate.Artemisia selengensis generally uses stalk cuttage vegetative propagation method, on clip robust growth plant
Branch cuttage.
Continuous two season of plantation melon is usually used in the relatively broad cropping pattern prior art at present, and respectively 2~May is
Melon planting season in spring, 7~October are melon planting season in autumn, and January 11~next year is to lie fallow the phase；Or plantation one season artemisia selengensis, i.e., July~
2 months next years were that artemisia selengensis is planted season, remaining time is to lie fallow the phase.Watermelon continuous cropping can bring a series of destruction of rhizospheric environments, be easy
Continuous cropping obstacle is caused, the formation of health-oriented products is unfavorable for.Simple one season of plantation artemisia selengensis, the phase of lying fallow is long, causes land resource
Serious waste.The higher crop of two kinds of economic benefits is subjected to crop rotation, the multiple crop index of facility plastic greenhouse can be greatly improved, had
The land output of the raising unit area of effect.
Invention content
Present invention aim to provide a kind of greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, this method is to Different Crop
Crop rotation is carried out, can effectively mitigate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, while significantly improving economic benefit, also reduce the wave to land resource
Take.
In order to achieve this, a kind of greenhouse watermelon designed by the present invention and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it includes as follows
Step：
Step 1：The Grafting watermelon phase, 10~20 depths ㎝ soil temperature of soil was stablized at 15 DEG C~20 DEG C in canopy in greenhouse
When, Grafted Watermelon Seedlings are colonized, closing canopy film 4~5 days promotes Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling；
Step 2：After Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling, in greenhouse continued growth enter watermelon and stretch the climing phase, watermelon stretch the climing phase into
Climing processing is stayed in row training, stays a main stem and two lateral bines；
Step 3：Continued growth enters and blooms the phase of bearing fruit in greenhouse, and select and remain main stem the 2nd is bloomed or the 3rd blooms
Female flower carries out artificial pollination, then selects the 2nd of lateral bine to bloom or the 3rd female flower bloomed carries out artificial pollination, then after
Watermelon Fruit is harvested after the Watermelon Fruits maturations such as continuous growth, roots out watermelon root, and site preparation is planted for artemisia selengensis；
Step 4：Artemisia selengensis planting period planted by the way of stalk cuttage vegetative propagation in greenhouse green stalk artemisia selengensis or
The white stalk artemisia selengensis of person；
Step 5：After stalk cuttage 3~4 days leaching fill 1 time it is permeable, after stalk cuttage rudiment in 7~10 days take root, artemisia selengensis tender tip
When length is to 3 ㎝, applies and carry seed manure；When artemisia selengensis seedling grows to 5~6 ㎝, urea is imposed；It is used in combination foliar fertilizer to carry out foliage-spray；Lamb's-quarters
Wormwood artemisia harvests preceding 7 days, imposes urea and promotes production fertilizer, is gathered in when the tender strain of artemisia selengensis grows to 15~25cm, and when harvesting stays the artemisia selengensis of 5~8cm
Growth basis of the stalk as lower stubble, allows artemisia selengensis stalk to be sprouted, and stubble is divided to harvest again, after repetition divides stubble to harvest 4~5 times, shovel
Except artemisia selengensis root, and site preparation is used for lower stubble growth of watermelon.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It in the present invention, is planted using watermelon artemisia selengensis crop rotation, since artemisia selengensis is a kind of hygrophilous crop, after carrying out crop rotation with watermelon
Play the role of rice field-upland field rotation, wilt unfavorable growth under water environment of watermelon, crop rotation method of the invention can have
Effect kills wilt (continuous plantation watermelon three soil more than season is easy because droop occurs for wilt), effectively subtracts
The continuous cropping obstacle of light watermelon.In addition, the present invention plants watermelon artemisia selengensis crop rotation, compared to traditional simple one season of plantation artemisia selengensis or west
The method of melon, the present invention improve facility and Soil Utilization rate.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail：
The greenhouse watermelon of the present invention and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it includes the following steps：
Step 1：Grafting watermelon phase (2 months 20 between March 10) 10~20 depths ㎝ of soil in canopy in greenhouse
Soil temperature is stablized at 15 DEG C~20 DEG C, and field planting Grafted Watermelon Seedlings (select breeding time shorter, aesthetic in appearance, cold-resistant disease-resistant, yield
Middle-size and small-size watermelon high, quality is excellent, such as early good (8424), woman's bow are come, early spring carbuncle, Wu Nong 8, are taken than top grade kind), closing
Canopy film 4~5 days makes Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling (slow seedling process 7~10 days)；
Step 2：After Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling, in greenhouse continued growth enter watermelon and stretch the climing phase, watermelon stretch the climing phase into
Climing processing is stayed in row training, and a main stem and two lateral bines, remaining lateral bine is stayed all to extract；
Step 3：Continued growth enters and blooms the phase of bearing fruit in greenhouse, and select and remain main stem the 2nd is bloomed or the 3rd blooms
Female flower carries out artificial pollination, then selects the 2nd of lateral bine to bloom or the 3rd female flower bloomed carries out artificial pollination, then after
Watermelon Fruit is harvested after the Watermelon Fruits maturations such as continuous growth, roots out watermelon root, and site preparation is planted for artemisia selengensis；
Step 4：Artemisia selengensis planting period (between 1~July 15 July) uses stalk cuttage vegetative propagation in greenhouse
Mode plant green stalk artemisia selengensis or white stalk artemisia selengensis；
Step 5：Leaching in 3~4 days fills that permeable (water not overflow furrow face, and reduction can be considered after germination and is poured water 1 time after stalk cuttage
Amount, but must be to keep ground moistening, it is noted that timely drainage after heavy rain), after stalk cuttage rudiment in 7~10 days take root, artemisia selengensis
When tender tip is grown to 3 ㎝, applies and carry seed manure；When artemisia selengensis seedling grows to 5~6 ㎝, urea is imposed；It is used in combination foliar fertilizer to carry out blade face spray
It applies；Artemisia selengensis harvests preceding 7 days, imposes urea and promotes production fertilizer, is gathered in when the tender strain of artemisia selengensis grows to 15~25cm, and when harvesting stays 5~8cm's
Growth basis of the artemisia selengensis stalk as lower stubble, allows artemisia selengensis stalk to be sprouted, and stubble is divided to harvest, repetition divides stubble to harvest 4~5 times again
Afterwards, artemisia selengensis root is rooted out, and site preparation is used for lower stubble growth of watermelon.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, Grafted Watermelon Seedlings can evade early spring nursery risk.
In the step 4 of above-mentioned technical proposal, before planting green stalk artemisia selengensis or white stalk artemisia selengensis, applied in the soil of greenhouse
Base fertilizer, base fertilizer uses and applies 2500~3000kg of decomposed manure per acre, or applies 250~300kg of biological organic fertilizer, bicarbonate per acre
80~85kg of ammonium, 50~55kg of calcium superphosphate, composite fertilizer 50kg.Enough nutrient bases are provided for artemisia selengensis growth.
In the step 5 of above-mentioned technical proposal, it is composite fertilizer to carry seed manure, and the composite fertilizer performs 20~25kg per acre.Favorably
It is grown in promoting artemisia selengensis seedling stalk.
In the step 5 of above-mentioned technical proposal, when artemisia selengensis seedling grows to 5~6 ㎝, 10~15kg urea is imposed per acre.Have
It is grown conducive to artemisia selengensis seedling cauline leaf is promoted.
In the step 5 of above-mentioned technical proposal, the foliar fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.It may advantageously facilitate artemisia selengensis quality responses.
In the step 5 of above-mentioned technical proposal, artemisia selengensis harvests first 7 days, imposes 25~30kg of urea per acre as fertilizer of promoting production.Have
Conducive to artemisia selengensis is promoted fertilizer is not taken off after adopting.
In the step 1 of above-mentioned technical proposal~3 in the entire growth of watermelon phase, temperature control on daytime is at 20 DEG C in greenhouse
~35 DEG C, night canopy temperature control system is at 15~20 DEG C.Be conducive to watermelon slow seedling and growth.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the wide 6~8m of canopy of the greenhouse, the high 2~3m of canopy, Anti-fogging Film covering.Be conducive to big
Canopy cultivation management.
It in the step 1 of above-mentioned technical proposal, applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the soil of greenhouse before being colonized Grafted Watermelon Seedlings, base fertilizer uses
Apply 500~550kg of biological organic fertilizer, 40~50kg of ternary compound fertilizer per acre, 1~2kg of boron fertilizer, 1~2kg of zinc fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer 1~
2kg.The program provides a great number of elements and trace element for watermelon growing.
In the step 1 of above-mentioned technical proposal, it is colonized 350~400 plants of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings per acre.The program realizes rationally dilute
It plants, is formed conducive to single plant yield.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the optimum growth temperature of artemisia selengensis is 20~25 DEG C, when temperature is in 10 DEG C or less or frost
When, just slow-growing, cauline leaf is gradually withered；To ensure that artemisia selengensis normally lists during New Year's Day, the Spring Festival, in 11 months, last ten-days period gas
Temperature drop takes booth thermal insulation frost protection before to 10 DEG C.Primary dense night soil or composite fertilizer are imposed before button canopy, never wetland button canopy, with
The diseases such as anti-gray mold occur.18~23 DEG C of temperature of shed, fine day noon is kept to open the ventilation of canopy both ends after detaining canopy, in order to avoid on foot
It is long, or because humidity is excessive, artemisia selengensis is rotted or blackening caused by improper ventilation.The Spring Festival removes epiphragma in time when the temperature rises later.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, artemisia selengensis Major Diseases are sclerotinioses, and early stage is by per acre with Sukeling fumigant or hundred
The clear fumigant 250g of bacterium hangs on fumigation in canopy, or is sprayed with 1000 times of liquid of Shi Jiale or dimethachlon or iprodione；Every 7 days 1
It is secondary, continuously prevent 3~4 times.
Artemisia selengensis growth Major Pests early period have corn borer, prodenia litura, Americal rice leaf miner and aphid.Prevent corn borer, tiltedly
Autographa spp larva, first, the cuttage item that will have been sheared is packed into Polywoven Bag or basket, basket, it is small that submerged impregnates 10~12
When, remaining larva is flooded into kill；Second is that trapping and killing adult using electric-shock insect-killing lamp；Third, selecting 4000 times of liquid of safety hit or eliminating
2000 times of liquid carry out good fortune spirit 1500 times of liquid prevention, Americal rice leaf miner avermectin or eliminate 2000 times of liquid, aphid with the four seasons it is red or
2000 times of liquid of Kang Fuduo are prevented, can the prevention of mu meter Le Er 3kg combination site preparation deep placements if any subterranean pest-insect.
By taking No. 8 watermelons of military agriculture and artemisia selengensis crop rotation as an example, it is colonized in vinyl house within 2 months, is covered using bimodulus, mid or late May
Watermelon is harvested, 3000 jin of yield per mu, with the unit price of 1.5 yuan/jin, income per mu is 4500 yuan, and mu net profit is up to 3500 yuan.7
The beginning of the month carries out the cuttage of artemisia selengensis, and early November detains canopy, and the Spring Festival in mid-August to next year can harvest 4~5 batches altogether, and yield per mu is reachable
5000 jin.With the unit price of 2 yuan/jin, income per mu is up to 10000 yuan, and mu net profit is up to 6500 yuan.
In summary, the year of vinyl house is per mu pure up to 10000 yuan, and economic benefit protrudes.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of greenhouse watermelon and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：
Step 1：The Grafting watermelon phase, 10~20 depths ㎝ soil temperature of soil was stablized at 15 DEG C~20 DEG C in canopy in greenhouse, fixed
Grafted Watermelon Seedlings are planted, closing canopy film 4~5 days promotes Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling；
Step 2：After Grafted Watermelon Seedlings slow seedling, in greenhouse continued growth enter watermelon and stretch the climing phase, watermelon stretch the climing phase carry out it is whole
Branch stays climing processing, stays a main stem and two lateral bines；
Step 3：Continued growth enters and blooms the phase of bearing fruit in greenhouse, and select and remain main stem the 2nd is bloomed or the 3rd female flower bloomed
Artificial pollination is carried out, then selects the 2nd of lateral bine to bloom or the 3rd female flower bloomed carries out artificial pollination, then proceed to give birth to
Watermelon Fruit is harvested after the Watermelon Fruits maturation such as long, roots out watermelon root, and site preparation is planted for artemisia selengensis；
Step 4：Artemisia selengensis planting period plants green stalk artemisia selengensis or white in greenhouse by the way of stalk cuttage vegetative propagation
Stalk artemisia selengensis；
Step 5：After stalk cuttage 3~4 days leaching fill 1 time it is permeable, after stalk cuttage rudiment in 7~10 days take root, artemisia selengensis tender tip is grown to 3
When ㎝, applies and carry seed manure；When artemisia selengensis seedling grows to 5~6 ㎝, urea is imposed；It is used in combination foliar fertilizer to carry out foliage-spray；Artemisia selengensis harvests
It first 7 days, imposes urea and promotes production fertilizer, when the tender strain of artemisia selengensis grows to 15~25cm harvestings, when harvesting stays the artemisia selengensis stalk of 5~8cm to make
For the growth basis of lower stubble, allows artemisia selengensis stalk to be sprouted again, and stubble is divided to harvest, after repetition divides stubble to harvest 4~5 times, root out artemisia selengensis
Root, and site preparation is used for lower stubble growth of watermelon.
2. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：In the step 4,
It before planting green stalk artemisia selengensis or white stalk artemisia selengensis, applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the soil of greenhouse, base fertilizer uses and applies decomposed manure per acre
2500~3000kg, or apply per acre 250~300kg of biological organic fertilizer, 80~85kg of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 50~55kg of calcium superphosphate,
Composite fertilizer 50kg.
3. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, carry
Seed manure is composite fertilizer, and the composite fertilizer performs 20~25kg per acre.
4. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, when
When artemisia selengensis seedling grows to 5~6 ㎝, 10~15kg urea is imposed per acre.
5. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, institute
It is potassium dihydrogen phosphate to state foliar fertilizer.
6. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, lamb's-quarters
Wormwood artemisia harvests first 7 days, imposes 25~30kg of urea per acre as fertilizer of promoting production.
7. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：It is entire in step 1~3
In the growth of watermelon phase, temperature control on daytime is at 20 DEG C~35 DEG C in greenhouse, and night canopy temperature control system is at 15~20 DEG C.
8. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：The greenhouse
Wide 6~the 8m of canopy, the high 2~3m of canopy, Anti-fogging Film covering.
9. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：It is fixed in the step 1
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the soil of greenhouse before planting Grafted Watermelon Seedlings, base fertilizer uses and applies 500~550kg of biological organic fertilizer, ternary per acre
40~50kg of composite fertilizer, 1~2kg of boron fertilizer, 1~2kg of zinc fertilizer, 1~2kg of molydbenum fertilizer.
10. greenhouse watermelon according to claim 1 and artemisia selengensis rotation cropping method, it is characterised in that：In the step 1,
It is colonized 350~400 plants of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings per acre.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112655474A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 湖北理工学院 | Yangxin lake wormwood direct seeding propagation method |
| CN113519353A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-10-22 | 湖北理工学院 | Yangxin lake wormwood-green manure rotation method |
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| CN109964754A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-05 | 盐城市新洋农业试验站 | A kind of implantation methods of greenhouse watermelon-quinoa-cabbage triple cropping |
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| CN113519353A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-10-22 | 湖北理工学院 | Yangxin lake wormwood-green manure rotation method |
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