CN102696368A - Method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing - Google Patents
Method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102696368A CN102696368A CN2012101500335A CN201210150033A CN102696368A CN 102696368 A CN102696368 A CN 102696368A CN 2012101500335 A CN2012101500335 A CN 2012101500335A CN 201210150033 A CN201210150033 A CN 201210150033A CN 102696368 A CN102696368 A CN 102696368A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sowing
- soil
- sunflower
- south
- sunflowers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing. A spring sowing method is mainly used in traditional cultivation of sunflowers in the south of China. However, the yield is low and fruits are small caused by low temperature, more rain and immature key technologies. According to growing characters of sunflowers and climate conditions of the south, a fall sowing cultivation method is used, so that sunflowers can be sowed in the south in fall, the stable yield is guaranteed, related yield is high, the yield per mu can reach a range from 260 kg to 320 kg, the fructification rate exceeds 90%, the economic benefit is good, the standard management is facilitated, the production cost is reduced and the method is suitable to popularization and planting in the south of China.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of sunflower cultivation method, and especially a kind of sunflower south autumn sowing stable yields cultivation method belongs to agricultural production.
The background technology sunflower is the annual herb crop, high 1-3 rice, and fruit is an achene, is commonly called as sunflower seed.The sunflower seeds oil content is high, and flavor is fragrant good to eat, also can extract oil, and is important oil crop, and its flower, bar, shell also can be made industrial raw material.The happiness of sunflower property is warm, drought-enduring, originates in North America, and cultivation is all arranged all over the world.China plantation sunflower is with a long history, and all parts of the country all can be planted, and is still big with northern planting scale, area wide, the growth fast, output is high, quality good.The raising of Along with people's living standard and quality of life, the sunflower seed market demand is increasing, and price is sold well.China south plantation sunflower gets used to the sowing in spring, and back temperature is low owing to sow in spring in south, rainwater is many, management is difficult, and fractional yield is very low.According to sunflower fertility characteristic and southern climates characteristics, the plantation sunflower should be more suitable with planted in fall in south.Yet, in China's south sunflower autumn sowing plantation, be in the stage of planting experimentally mostly, still there is not ripe cultivation experience; Bad when ubiquity the harvest fashion, low when high during output, produce very dangerous stable, have because of kind of method for planting improper; Do not grasp key technology, the sunflower of being planted only blooms, not strong fruit; The serious underproduction, even No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity, so that the peasant in quite a lot of places, south is reluctant maybe dare not plant sunflower.Therefore, how to guarantee the stable yields good harvest in southern sunflower autumn sowing plantation now, become the active demand of vast farmers.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of stable yields cultivation method of sunflower south autumn sowing, and the characteristics of this method are that sunflower is guaranteed stable yields in southern autumn sowing, and fractional yield is higher; Good in economic efficiency; Be convenient to standardized administration simultaneously, reduce production costs, be suitable for the south plantation.
Be to realize that above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention are, a kind of sunflower south autumn sowing stable yields cultivation method mainly is made up of kind selection, soil management, sowing in time, four production links of cultivation management, and its cultivation method is:
One, the kind best kind of selecting the south sunflower autumn sowing plantation of China in recent years to select is " the Liao Dynasty knocks No. 2 ".
Use sufficient base manure when two, soil arrangement soil is put in order, every mu of basal dressing cow dung 1000-1500 kilogram evenly is sprinkling upon base manure in the soil with oil cake 50-100 kilogram, and turning over then makes it fully mix with soil; Leveling soil is held the drain ditch successfully around the fritter soil, bulk soil also needs whenever to hold a ditch successfully at a distance from 4 meters.
Three, seedtime is on August-5 on the 1st in area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, China south in sowing in time, and best seedtime is on August-3 on the 1st; The whole good sowing in back about 15 days of soil, every mu of 70 kilograms of 45% composite fertilizer of applying fertilizer to the subsoil during sowing; Adopt program request, thickness of sowing is 1 meter of a line-spacing, 50 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu of about 1320 strains; Type of seeding is earlier made a call to a hole, sows while put fertilizer, and fertilizer and seed are separated by 10 centimetres, should be with the downward insertion of seed head point soil, cover seed and fertilizer with hack on every side then; The every strain of dry weather is watered 500 grams to help seed sprouting.
Four, cultivation management is treated will in time impose about seedling length to 25 centimetre and is carried seed manure, executes 18 kilograms in urea for every mu and converts water and water seedling for 600 kilograms; Carry behind the seedling to the generally seldom ill worm that blooms, this section mainly prevents arid period, general whenever at a distance from about 10 days, will water once; Want the sick worm of attention control to flowering stage, mainly contain snout moth's larva and rice weevil etc., available agricultural chemicals 5% fluorine pyridine urea convert water 1000-2000 doubly or with 25% go out No. 3 suspending agent 500-1000 of young urea times, every floral disc sprays 50 and restrains, killing rate can reach more than 90%.From the early flowering season to the maturing stage, to impose the secondary foliage fertilizer, should select during fertilising about fine at 3 o'clock in afternoon floral disc and leaf to be sprayed.Wherein the early flowering season sprays foliage fertilizer for the first time, adds " rich zinc sodium " 1 with " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " 1 bag and wraps and convert water and spray for 15 kilograms; Full-bloom stage sprays foliage fertilizer for the second time, adds " the green quadruplets of enjoying " 1 with " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " 1 bag and wraps and convert water and spray for 15 kilograms; To shake floral disc gently at full-bloom stage 8-9 in morning point and carry out artificial pollination, 2-3 days continuously.Full to later stage autumn in November sunflower seed, darken, can gather during fruit maturation.
Sunflower of the present invention guarantees that in southern autumn sowing the most key technology of stable yields is two: the one, sowing in time, must be in-5 days on the 1st August sowing, and with on August-3 on the 1st be best seedtime.If shift to an earlier date sowing time or postponement, all will be to bringing very big risk when annual crops.This be because in the southern middle and lower reach of Yangtze River season in late autumn just area 10-11 month, day temperature is high, nice and cool at night, day and night the temperature difference reaches more than 10 ℃, and the sunflower of autumn sowing grows and is in the strong seed phase this moment, is convenient to the formation accumulation of fruit dry matter.If miss this period, output is very undesirable.The 2nd, in time impose foliage fertilizer; Flower successively sprays foliage fertilizer " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator ", " rich zinc sodium ", " the green quadruplets of enjoying " secondary to maturation to floral disc and leaf from beginning; Because this moment " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " is to sunflower seed embryo's the very big facilitation that is formed with, and " rich zinc sodium " and " the green quadruplets of enjoying " has very big facilitation to expanding of sunflower seed embryo.This is because the composition of " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " is Cu+Mn+Zn+B >=10.0%+ GA; The composition of " Fu Xinna " is Cu+Mn+Zn+B >=10.0%; The composition of " the green quadruplets of enjoying " is Cu+Fe+Zn+B 60g/L, humus >=80g/L.On this basis, precision management can guarantee that sunflower gets bumper crops in southern autumn sowing stable yields.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that ripening rate reaches more than 90%, can guarantee sunflower in southern autumn sowing realization stable yields, and fractional yield is higher, good in economic efficiency, be convenient to standardized administration simultaneously, reduce production costs, be suitable for southern popularizing planting.
The embodiment inventor is located in the Xinning County, Hunan Province, is the agriculture Mountain Area County in typical south, adopts on local tradition plantation sunflower and sows in spring; Also the someone repays pilot production and uses autumn sowing, but for a long time, because key technology is not in place; Output is very low, and the even not strong seed that has dare not be planted.For many years, the inventor is devoted to sunflower in southern high and stable yields cultivation research, and over nearly 3 years, large tracts of land adopts the autumn sowing plantation, and stable yields is got bumper crops year after year, the experience of achieving success.Particularly adopt autumn sowing plantation sunflower in south; Can after preceding stubble is sowed in spring crops such as harvesting early rice or flue-cured tobacco, follow the autumn sowing sunflower then, also can gather in the crops the per mu yield of sunflower fruit and can reach the 260-320 kilogram; With 12 yuan of calculating of market price per kilogram in recent years; The autumn sowing sunflower can also can be increased income about 3000 yuan for every mu on the season crop basis of sowing in spring, and economic benefit is very considerable.Existing combine local actually, specifically introduce sunflower and guarantee that in southern autumn sowing stable yields strives the cultivation method of high yield.
Sunflower was generally 85-110 days to seed maturity from emerging breeding time.Breeding time, length was different and variant with cultivation condition because of kind, date of seeding.Sunflower is divided into seedling phase, squaring period, flowering stage and four periods of maturing stage breeding time.Sunflower originates in the torrid zone, is a kind of cold-resistant again crop of temperature of liking, if spring cultivation, temperature is high, and rainwater is many, and high humidity, illumination deficiency, soil drought etc. can make ripening rate reduce.Therefore,, regulate date of seeding, adopt autumn sowing, apply fertilizer in good time, water, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and take to put honeybee or artificial supplementary pollination, especially impose measures such as foliage fertilizer, can improve ripening rate greatly at the florescence in China south.
One, the kind selection is best kind to select sunflower seeds " the Liao Dynasty knocks No. 2 " autumn sowing.The inventor is relatively screening through continuous 3 years, facts have proved, and is still outstanding with " the Liao Dynasty knocks No. 2 " performance now on China south autumn sowing sunflower.
Two, soil arrangement sunflower requires not strictly to soil, all can grow at all kinds of soil, with rich soil to the nonirrigated farmland, barren, saline land all can plant.But still with select soil property fertile, be not afraid of the sufficient soil of arid, illumination for well.Soil is put in order and is used sufficient base fertilizer and carries out simultaneously.Every mu of basal dressing cow dung 1000-1500 kilogram is with oil cake 50-100 kilogram, and the pig manure of using without fully becoming thoroughly decomposed of must not be noted that is made base manure, otherwise is prone to cause nematode to take place.Base manure evenly is sprinkling upon in the soil, and turning over then makes it fully mix with soil, leveling soil.Hold the drain ditch around successfully for fritter soil, also need whenever to hold a drain ditch successfully at a distance from 4 meters for bulk soil.
Three, sowing in time in China south the sowing of middle and lower reaches area being advisable on August-5 on the 1st, with on August-3 on the 1st be best period.We can say that one day risk factors of every postponement increased one fen, whenever put forward the previous day chance of success and can reduce by one fen.Program request is adopted in the whole good sowing in back about 15 days of soil during sowing, thickness of sowing is 1 meter of a line-spacing, 50 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu of about 1320 strains; Type of seeding is earlier made a call to a hole, sows while put fertilizer, and fertilizer and seed are separated by 10 centimetres, should be with the downward insertion of seed head point soil, cover seed and fertilizer with hack on every side then; The every strain of dry weather is watered 500 grams to help seed sprouting.
Although four, cultivation management sunflower adaptability is stronger, want to guarantee high and stable yields in south cultivation, can not be arbitrarily extensive, still need precision management.For applying fertilizer, water, control nutrient management links such as worm, pollination, must manage and put in place.Treat in time to impose about seedling length to 25 centimetre and carry seed manure, execute 18 kilograms in urea for every mu and convert water and water seedling for 600 kilograms; Carry behind the seedling to the generally seldom ill worm that blooms, this section mainly prevents arid period, general whenever at a distance from about 10 days, will water once; Want the sick worm of attention control to flowering stage, mainly contain snout moth's larva and rice weevil etc., available agricultural chemicals 5% fluorine pyridine urea convert water 1000-2000 doubly or with 25% go out No. 3 suspending agent 500-1000 of young urea times, every floral disc sprays 50 and restrains, killing rate can reach more than 90%; From the early flowering season to the maturing stage, to impose the secondary foliage fertilizer, should select during fertilising about fine at 3 o'clock in afternoon floral disc and leaf to be sprayed.Wherein the early flowering season sprays foliage fertilizer for the first time, adds " rich zinc sodium " 1 with " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " 1 bag and wraps and convert water and spray for 15 kilograms; Full-bloom stage sprays foliage fertilizer for the second time, adds " the green quadruplets of enjoying " 1 with " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " 1 bag and wraps and convert water and spray for 15 kilograms; To shake floral disc gently at full-bloom stage 8-9 in morning point and carry out artificial pollination, 2-3 days continuously.Full to later stage autumn in November sunflower seed, darken, can gather during fruit maturation.
Claims (4)
1. sunflower south autumn sowing stable yields cultivation method; Be made up of kind selection, soil arrangement, sowing in time, four production stages of cultivation management, it is characterized in that the method that said kind is selected is: the best kind that China south sunflower autumn sowing plantation is in recent years selected is " the Liao Dynasty knocks No. 2 ".
2. a kind of sunflower south autumn sowing stable yields cultivation method according to claim 1; The method that it is characterized in that said soil arrangement is: use sufficient base manure during the soil arrangement; Every mu of basal dressing cow dung 1000-1500 kilogram is with oil cake 50-100 kilogram; Base manure evenly is sprinkling upon in the soil, and turning over then makes it fully mix with soil; Leveling soil is held the drain ditch successfully around the fritter soil, bulk soil also needs whenever to hold a ditch successfully at a distance from 4 meters.
3. a kind of sunflower south autumn sowing stable yields cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method for said sowing in time is: seedtime is on August-5 on the 1st in area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, China south, and best seedtime is on August-3 on the 1st; The whole good sowing in back about 15 days of soil, every mu of 70 kilograms of 45% composite fertilizer of applying fertilizer to the subsoil during sowing; Adopt program request, thickness of sowing is 1 meter of a line-spacing, 50 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu of about 1320 strains; Type of seeding is earlier made a call to a hole, sows while put fertilizer, and fertilizer and seed are separated by 10 centimetres, should be with the downward insertion of seed head point soil, cover seed and fertilizer with hack on every side then; The every strain of dry weather is watered 500 grams to help seed sprouting.
4. a kind of sunflower south autumn sowing stable yields cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method for said cultivation management is: treat will in time impose about seedling length to 25 centimetre and carry seed manure, execute 18 kilograms in urea for every mu and convert water and water seedling for 600 kilograms; Carry behind the seedling to the generally seldom ill worm that blooms, this section mainly prevents arid period, general whenever at a distance from about 10 days, will water once; Want the sick worm of attention control to flowering stage, mainly contain snout moth's larva and rice weevil etc., available agricultural chemicals 5% fluorine pyridine urea convert water 1000-2000 doubly or with 25% go out No. 3 suspending agent 500-1000 of young urea times, every floral disc sprays 50 and restrains, killing rate can reach more than 90%; From the early flowering season to the maturing stage, to impose the secondary foliage fertilizer, should select during fertilising about fine at 3 o'clock in afternoon floral disc and leaf to be sprayed; Wherein the early flowering season sprays foliage fertilizer for the first time, adds " rich zinc sodium " 1 with " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " 1 bag and wraps and convert water and spray for 15 kilograms; Full-bloom stage sprays foliage fertilizer for the second time, adds " the green quadruplets of enjoying " 1 with " 'Gulibao ' plant growth regulator " 1 bag and wraps and convert water and spray for 15 kilograms; To shake floral disc gently at full-bloom stage 8-9 in morning point and carry out artificial pollination, 2-3 days continuously; Full to later stage autumn in November sunflower seed, darken, can gather during fruit maturation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101500335A CN102696368A (en) | 2012-05-12 | 2012-05-12 | Method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101500335A CN102696368A (en) | 2012-05-12 | 2012-05-12 | Method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102696368A true CN102696368A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
Family
ID=46889674
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012101500335A Pending CN102696368A (en) | 2012-05-12 | 2012-05-12 | Method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102696368A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870577A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 镇江市丹徒区绿业生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of sunflower |
| CN103283439A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 胡玲玲 | Improved cultivation method for sunflowers |
| CN104012283A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-03 | 重庆尹记农业开发有限公司 | Method for culturing sunflowers |
| CN105432303A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-30 | 何军 | Autumn-sowing stable-yield cultivation method for sunflowers in the south |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258806A (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-10 | 谭宾 | Technique for cultivating sunflower all the year |
| CN102138398A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-08-03 | 新疆农垦科学院 | High-yield sunflower culturing technology based on drip irrigation |
-
2012
- 2012-05-12 CN CN2012101500335A patent/CN102696368A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101258806A (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-10 | 谭宾 | Technique for cultivating sunflower all the year |
| CN102138398A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-08-03 | 新疆农垦科学院 | High-yield sunflower culturing technology based on drip irrigation |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 《浙江科技简报》 19821231 李子熊 海涂种上了北方向日葵 26 2-4 , 第3期 * |
| 李子熊: "海涂种上了北方向日葵", 《浙江科技简报》 * |
| 郭银之等: "《向日葵栽培技术》", 31 December 1982 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870577A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 镇江市丹徒区绿业生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of sunflower |
| CN103283439A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-09-11 | 胡玲玲 | Improved cultivation method for sunflowers |
| CN103283439B (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-08-13 | 胡玲玲 | Improved cultivation method for sunflowers |
| CN104012283A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-03 | 重庆尹记农业开发有限公司 | Method for culturing sunflowers |
| CN105432303A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-30 | 何军 | Autumn-sowing stable-yield cultivation method for sunflowers in the south |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102246645B (en) | High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn | |
| CN100506020C (en) | Flower formation-promoting method for counter-season perennial honey mango plantation | |
| CN102919028B (en) | Cultivation method for helping Zhanshan dates to bud early and ripe in advance | |
| CN105359784A (en) | Method for high-yield planting of sweet potatoes | |
| CN103798022A (en) | Planting method for cucumbers | |
| CN104584841A (en) | High-yield planting method for hot pepper | |
| CN105165366A (en) | High-efficiency and high-yield red bayberry cultivation method | |
| CN103975711A (en) | Cultivation method for autumn greenhouse watermelons | |
| CN102771356A (en) | Efficient water-saving cultivation method for rice in cold areas | |
| CN105165521A (en) | Corylus heterophylla highyield cultivation method | |
| CN106386367A (en) | Plum tree planting method | |
| CN106888920A (en) | A kind of cultural method for improving two season of grape fruit abloom rate | |
| CN103688706A (en) | Three-dimensional one-cultivation-two-harvest high-yield brewing glutinous sorghum cultivation method | |
| CN102948353A (en) | Cultivation method of Yuanyou pawpaw trees | |
| CN105815071B (en) | A kind of cultural method of Pelargonium roseum | |
| CN105230424A (en) | Standardized plantation method of honeysuckle | |
| CN110915578B (en) | Cultivation method suitable for autumn sowing and spring transplanting of chenopodium quinoa in coastal saline-alkali soil | |
| CN104969766A (en) | Method for planting strawberry | |
| CN103039264A (en) | Efficient maca cultivation method | |
| CN112056140A (en) | High-quality cultivation management method for adult rock candy orange fruiter trees | |
| CN103891508B (en) | A kind of booth fresh edible maize autumn delays the cultivation method fresh-keeping in field | |
| CN102511376A (en) | Hybrid pumpkin seed production method | |
| CN102696368A (en) | Method for cultivating sunflowers and ensuring stable yield of sunflowers in southern fall sowing | |
| CN107873415B (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting tomatoes and cowpeas in winter-warming greenhouse to crop melons in rotation mode | |
| CN109197013A (en) | A kind of red pepper high-yield implantation methods |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20121003 |