CN103798022A - Planting method for cucumbers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for cucumbers. The planting method comprises the steps of variety selection, seed pretreatment, seedling cultivation, fertilization and rest-balk manufacturing, field planting, field management, harvesting and the like. The cucumbers are planted by the adoption of the normalized, scientific, reasonable, natural and nuisanceless planting method, the rapid growth of the cucumbers is promoted, the disease incidence of the cucumbers is reduced, the consumption of chemical pesticide is reduced or avoided, the yield and quality of the cucumbers are improved, and the planting method is simple, easy to implement, convenient to manage, low in investment, high in yield and suitable for large-scale popularization, and has wide market and application prospects.

Description

The implantation methods of a kind of cucumber

Technical field

The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of cucumber, belong to agriculture cultivation technology field.

Background method

Cucumber, also claims cucumber, green cucumber, belongs to cucurbitaceous plant, is distributed widely in all over China, and is one of main greenhouse product.Cucumber is rich in the glucosides such as glucose, rhamnose, galactose, mannose, wood sugar, raffinose, fructose and rutin, Isoquercitrin, arginic glycoside, also containing caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, multiple free amino acid, vitamin(e) G (being vitamin b3) and vitamin C, edibility is higher, cucumber is one of vegetables common in life, and cucumber is very popular on market.But traditional cucumber cultivation technology, because of implantation methods, science is not unreasonable, damage by disease and insect is occurred serious, cause growth rate slow, yield poorly, poor quality, can not meet people's edible demand.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the implantation methods of a kind of cucumber, by code requirement, scientific and reasonable implantation methods, promote cucumber Fast Growth, reduce the disease incidence of cucumber, improve output and the quality of cucumber, there is wide market and application prospect.

For achieving the above object, the method scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

An implantation methods for cucumber, comprises the following steps:

(1) kind is selected

Select low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, plant growing way is prosperous and be difficult for excessive growth, and branch is few, and female melon joint position is low, and joint melon performance is good, and sugar-preserved gourd is of moderate size, outward appearance and raciness, and output is high, and commodity is good, the kind that resistance against diseases is strong;

(2) seed pretreatment

Seed is shone under the sun to 2-3 days breaking dormancies; Then the warm water who puts into 50-55 ℃ soaks 20-30 minute, pulls the mixed solution of putting into again 1% potassium permanganate and 0.5% sodium phosphate out and soaks 10-15 minute, then pull out and rinse with clear water; Then the warm water who puts into 40-45 ℃ soaks 2-3 hour, puts into 25-38 ℃ of preference temperature vernalization after pulling out, and the seed rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reaches more than 60% and can sow;

(3) grow seedlings

In the each macropore of seedling-cultivating tray, put into the soil of growing seedlings, then make a call to a vesicle that 0.4-0.6 centimetre is dark, put into seed, cover the soil of growing seedlings, cover with white mulch film, before emerging after sowing, day temperature should be controlled at 26-35 ℃, and nocturnal temperature should be controlled at 18-21 ℃; The seed rate of being unearthed reaches 75-85%, opens mulch film; Seeding stage day temperature is controlled at 18-25 ℃, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at 16-18 ℃;

Strong sprout standard: cotyledon is intact, has 3-5 sheet true leaf, and internode is shorter, and petiole is spent with main climing angle 45, dark green leaf color, blade plumpness, stem is sturdy, well developed root system, without damage by disease and insect;

(4) furrow are done in fertilising

Whole ground, mu is executed well-rotted farmyard manure 2500-3000 kilogram, superphosphate 25-30 kilogram, slowly-releasing desinsection particle 15-20 kilogram, the bedding of turning over before field planting, the wide 1.0-1.5 rice of furrow, high more than 15 centimetres, and plastic mulching;

(5) field planting

Select early May field planting at 4 the end of month, temperature index requires: minimum night temperature higher than 5 ℃, 0-10 centimeters soil temperature is higher than 12 ℃; The field planting of size row, little line-spacing 40-50 centimetre, wide row space 70-80 centimetre, spacing in the rows 25-30 centimetre, with dark water law field planting, mu is planted 4000-4500 strain;

(6) field management

A, water and loosen the soil with intertillage

4-6 days after field planting, when lobus cardiacus starts growth, when underground part grows a large amount of new root, waters seedling recovering water one time, waters foot and irrigates, and after watering, does not water up to sitting melon, then intertills and loosens the soil, and intertillage for the first time requires dark, saturating, thin, dark 6-8 centimetre; In the time that the root melon of most of plant is sat, result restraining the growth of seedlings, starts to water first water, and this water is suitably large; In the time that land for building is not sticky, intertill for the second time, shallow hoe, remove weeds in conjunction with intertillage; In root melon picking time, watering can not be too diligent, and the water yield is also unsuitable excessive, waters one time water every 6-8 days; Being to contain the melon phase with the waist pawl of gathering to the top melon of gathering, is that cucumber needs water maximum periods in life, waters a water every 3-5 days, and the water yield is also unsuitable excessive, advocates that little water duty waters, and must guard against that flood is unrestrained to be watered; When the top melon of gathering does not rain, watered a water every 5-7 days later, make not dry being advisable of land for building; On watering time, result is preferably in earlier stage carries out the morning, adopts melon and contains phase and later stage, waters and carries out between the lights, can reduce ground temperature; Cucumber is afraid of waterlogging, after rain, will note draining, avoids furrow internal water accumulation;

B, topdress

In the time that restraining the growth of seedlings finishes, chase after disposable fertilizer in conjunction with watering first water, chase after disposable fertilizer every 1-2 clear water later, contain the melon phase to chase after once every 8-10 days, topdress with water, the principle of topdressing is front heavy after light, on a small quantity repeatedly, and the night soil that topdresses to become thoroughly decomposed is main, and each mu is executed night soil 700-800 kilogram;

C, bay and tie up climing

Bay early after field planting, the windproof seedling of taking out, bay can adopt flower stand or herringbone frame, apart from root 8-10 centimetre; Grow tall can not vertical growth time when melon is climing, " 8 " the word method of employing is tied up climing, control frays, and stem is climing and stem is climing sagging, tie up once every 2-3 joint, tie up climing being preferably in and carry out afternoon, the climing frangibility of stem in the morning, tie up to obtain unsuitable tension, being advisable to inject forefinger in space, ties up the climing climing top of melon that will make at every turn and be fixed on sustained height, is convenient to management;

D, prune and pinch off young shoots

Main climing knot melon should remove all side shoots, lateral bine knot melon after knot melon, stay one to two leaf to pinch off young shoots, and destroy all tendrils, in the time that stem exceedes frame head, to pinch off young shoots in time, promote the growth of bottom melon, also can take to turn round sharp method and suppress top growth;

(7) gather

Within after field planting 25-30 days, start to adopt melon, 40-60 days, adopted melon and wanted in good time picking time, gathered when sugar-preserved gourd top becomes bowlder by point; While gathering, should see the growing state of melon, see again whole plant strain growth and sit melon situation; Root melon must early be adopted, and makes melon and the climing growth simultaneously on top; Knot melon is contained the phase, and cauline leaf growth is vigorous, and sugar-preserved gourd can fully be grown up and receive, receives melon once every 1-2 days; In the knot melon later stage, plant is old and feeble, is prone to lopsided pawl, should extract early, makes the normal sugar-preserved gourd of nutrition centralizedly supply; Adopting melon should carry out in the morning, and cucumber, gathering in vanning process, be handled with care, allow melon poppyhead barbed.

The described native preparation method that grows seedlings is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: a, peat soil 20-30, the native 10-15 of red jade, deer natural pond soil 8-12, ooze 5-10, chicken manure 15-20, plant straw powder 10-15, bagasse 8-12, wood sawdust 5-10, rice chaff ash 4-8, coconut shell flour 3-5, cinder 2-4, vermiculite 18-24, haydites of book structure 14-18, urea 2-3, superphosphate 1.5-2.5; B, getting vermiculite, perlite, to add concentration be in the hydrochloric acid solution of 10-15%, and heating water bath is to 60-70 ℃, and insulation 1-2 hour, takes out and be washed to neutrality, dries, and 840-880 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, is cooled to room temperature, stand-by; C, get chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder and mix, pile up in heaps, then urea and superphosphate are mixed, convert 80-100 times of water gaging and make solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, naturally place after 24-36h, add the 3-5% of compound amount to add 100-150 times of EM probio dilution, stir, windrow water content is controlled at 60-70%, through fermentation in 5-10 days, when reaching 55-60 ℃, temperature stirs once, and accumulative total can complete fermentation 2-3 time; D, the fermentation product of above-mentioned gained is mixed to the soil of must growing seedlings with remaining raw material.

The homemade soil of growing seedlings of the present invention has stronger moisture capacity, water penetration and air capacity of soils, and balanced in nutrition comprehensive, contain the nutritive elements such as abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, meet the required various nutrients of seed sprouting completely, can significantly improve planting percent, reduce seedling stage diseases and pests, save manually, growing-seedling period is short.

The preparation method of described slowly-releasing desinsection particle is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: medical stone 25-35, sepiolite 15-20, diatomite 10-15, sodium phosphate trimer 4-8, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 2-3, phoenix tree leaf 1.5-2.5, citrus seeds 1-2, tuber of stemona 3-4, kuh-seng 2-3, pieris 1-2, Chinese wingnut leaf 2.5-3.5, luffa vine 1-2, azedarach 2-3, wartwort 1-2, ash 8-12, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6, sodium alginate 3-5; B, get medical stone and sepiolite mixes, 720-760 ℃ of calcining 2-3 hour, being cooled to and putting into concentration after room temperature is that the hydrogen peroxide solution of 15-20% soaks 1-2 hour, taking-up is washed to neutrality, dries 910-940 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, be cooled to room temperature, pulverize, cross 100-150 mesh sieve, stand-by; C, get chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, phoenix tree leaf, citrus seeds, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pieris, Chinese wingnut leaf, luffa vine, azedarach, wartwort and mix, add the water that 5-10 doubly measures, decoct and extract 50-60 minute, filter, filter residue adds the water that 4-8 doubly measures again, decoct and extract 30-40 minute, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrated, freeze drying powdered, stand-by; D, the powder that step b is made mix with the powder that step c makes, and add diatomite and sodium phosphate trimer, stir 10-15 minute, wet granulation, and particle diameter is 1-2mm, dries, stand-by; E, get polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and mix, add 2-4 times of water gaging, heating water bath is to 70-80 ℃ and under agitation add ash, stirs the rear particle surface that steps d makes that is evenly sprayed on, and dries, and gets product.

When whole ground of the present invention basal dressing, be added with slowly-releasing desinsection particle, have slowly-releasing insecticidal action, broad spectrum activity is strong, and resistance of rainwater washing against can effectively prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, reduces or avoid the use of chemical pesticide, thereby improves the quality and yield of cucumber.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

Cucumber of the present invention is by the implantation methods of code requirement, scientific and reasonable, natural nuisance-free, promote cucumber Fast Growth, the disease incidence that reduces cucumber, reduces or avoids the use of chemical pesticide, improves output and the quality of cucumber, and implantation methods is simple to operation, convenient management, drops into lowly, and output is high, there is wide market and application prospect, be applicable to large-scale promotion.

Embodiment

An implantation methods for cucumber, comprises the following steps:

(1) kind is selected

Select low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, plant growing way is prosperous and be difficult for excessive growth, and branch is few, and female melon joint position is low, and joint melon performance is good, and sugar-preserved gourd is of moderate size, outward appearance and raciness, and output is high, and commodity is good, the kind that resistance against diseases is strong;

(2) seed pretreatment

Seed is shone under the sun to 2-3 days breaking dormancies; Then the warm water who puts into 55 ℃ soaks 20 minutes, pulls the mixed solution of putting into again 1% potassium permanganate and 0.5% sodium phosphate out and soaks 10 minutes, then pull out and rinse with clear water; Then the warm water who puts into 40 ℃ soaks 3 hours, puts into 32 ℃ of preference temperature vernalization after pulling out, and the seed rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reaches more than 60% and can sow;

(3) grow seedlings

In the each macropore of seedling-cultivating tray, put into the soil of growing seedlings, then make a call to 0.5 centimeter of dark vesicle, put into seed, cover the soil of growing seedlings, cover with white mulch film, before emerging after sowing, day temperature control is 30 ℃, and nocturnal temperature control is 20 ℃; The seed rate of being unearthed reaches 80%, opens mulch film; Seeding stage day temperature control is 22 ℃, and nocturnal temperature control is 17 ℃;

Strong sprout standard: cotyledon is intact, has 4 true leaves, and internode is shorter, and petiole is spent with main climing angle 45, dark green leaf color, blade plumpness, stem is sturdy, well developed root system, without damage by disease and insect;

(4) furrow are done in fertilising

Whole ground, mu is executed 3000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manures, 25 kilograms of superphosphate, 20 kilograms of slowly-releasing desinsection particles, the bedding of turning over before field planting, furrow are wide 1.2 meters, high more than 15 centimetres, and plastic mulching;

(5) field planting

Select early May field planting at 4 the end of month, temperature index requires: minimum night temperature higher than 5 ℃, 0-10 centimeters soil temperature is higher than 12 ℃; The field planting of size row, 45 centimetres of little line-spacings, 80 centimetres of wide row spaces, 25 centimetres of spacing in the rows, with dark water law field planting, mu is planted 4200 strains;

(6) field management

B, water and loosen the soil with intertillage

After field planting 5 days, when lobus cardiacus starts growth, when underground part grows a large amount of new root, water seedling recovering water one time, water foot and irrigate, after watering, until sit melon and do not water, then intertill and loosen the soil, that intertillage for the first time requires is dark, thoroughly, carefully, dark 7 centimetres; In the time that the root melon of most of plant is sat, result restraining the growth of seedlings, starts to water first water, and this water is suitably large; In the time that land for building is not sticky, intertill for the second time, shallow hoe, remove weeds in conjunction with intertillage; In root melon picking time, watering can not be too diligent, and the water yield is also unsuitable excessive, waters one time water every 7 days; Being to contain the melon phase with the waist pawl of gathering to the top melon of gathering, is that cucumber needs water maximum periods in life, waters a water every 4 days, and the water yield is also unsuitable excessive, advocates that little water duty waters, and must guard against that flood is unrestrained to be watered; When the top melon of gathering does not rain, watered a water every 6 days later, make not dry being advisable of land for building; On watering time, result is preferably in earlier stage carries out the morning, adopts melon and contains phase and later stage, waters and carries out between the lights, can reduce ground temperature; Cucumber is afraid of waterlogging, after rain, will note draining, avoids furrow internal water accumulation;

B, topdress

In the time that restraining the growth of seedlings finishes, chase after disposable fertilizer in conjunction with watering first water, chase after disposable fertilizer every 2 clear water later, contain the melon phase to chase after once every 8 days, topdress with water, the principle of topdressing is front heavy after light, on a small quantity repeatedly, and the night soil that topdresses to become thoroughly decomposed is main, and each mu is executed 750 kilograms of night soils;

C, bay and tie up climing

Bay early after field planting, the windproof seedling of taking out, bay can adopt flower stand or herringbone frame, apart from 8 centimetres of roots; Grow tall can not vertical growth time when melon is climing, " 8 " the word method of employing is tied up climing, control frays, and stem is climing and stem is climing sagging, tie up once every 3 joints, tie up climing being preferably in and carry out afternoon, the climing frangibility of stem in the morning, tie up to obtain unsuitable tension, being advisable to inject forefinger in space, ties up the climing climing top of melon that will make at every turn and be fixed on sustained height, is convenient to management;

D, prune and pinch off young shoots

Main climing knot melon should remove all side shoots, lateral bine knot melon after knot melon, stay one to two leaf to pinch off young shoots, and destroy all tendrils, in the time that stem exceedes frame head, to pinch off young shoots in time, promote the growth of bottom melon, also can take to turn round sharp method and suppress top growth;

(7) gather

Within after field planting 30 days, start to adopt melon, 50 days picking time, adopt melon and want in good time, gather when sugar-preserved gourd top becomes bowlder by point; While gathering, should see the growing state of melon, see again whole plant strain growth and sit melon situation; Root melon must early be adopted, and makes melon and the climing growth simultaneously on top; Knot melon is contained the phase, and cauline leaf growth is vigorous, and sugar-preserved gourd can fully be grown up and receive, receives melon once every 2 days; In the knot melon later stage, plant is old and feeble, is prone to lopsided pawl, should extract early, makes the normal sugar-preserved gourd of nutrition centralizedly supply; Adopting melon should carry out in the morning, and cucumber, gathering in vanning process, be handled with care, allow melon poppyhead barbed.

The above-mentioned native preparation method that grows seedlings is as follows: a, take following weight (kilogram) raw material: a, peat soil 20, red beautiful soil 12, deer natural pond soil 10, ooze 8, chicken manure 18, plant straw powder 12, bagasse 10, wood sawdust 8, rice chaff ash 6, coconut shell flour 4, cinder 3, vermiculite 22, haydites of book structure 16, urea 2, superphosphate 1.5; B, getting vermiculite, perlite, to add concentration be that in 15% hydrochloric acid solution, heating water bath to 65 ℃, is incubated 1 hour, takes out and is washed to neutrality, dries, and 880 ℃ of calcinings 1 hour, are cooled to room temperature, stand-by; C, get chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder and mix, pile up in heapsly, then urea and superphosphate are mixed, convert 80 times of water gagings and make solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, naturally place after 24h, add 4% of compound amount to add 100 times of EM probio dilutions, stir, windrow water content is 60%, through fermentation in 8 days, when reaching 60 ℃, temperature stirs once, and accumulative total can complete fermentation 3 times; D, the fermentation product of above-mentioned gained is mixed to the soil of must growing seedlings with remaining raw material.

The preparation method of above-mentioned slowly-releasing desinsection particle is as follows: a, take following weight (kilogram) raw material: medical stone 30, sepiolite 16, diatomite 12, sodium phosphate trimer 6, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 2, phoenix tree leaf 2, citrus seeds 1.5, the tuber of stemona 3, kuh-seng 2, pieris 1, Chinese wingnut leaf 3, luffa vine 1.5, azedarach 2.5, wartwort 2, ash 10, polyvinyl alcohol 8, carboxymethyl cellulose 5, sodium alginate 4; B, get medical stone and sepiolite mixes, 740 ℃ of calcinings 2 hours, being cooled to and putting into concentration after room temperature is that 20% hydrogen peroxide solution soaks 1 hour, takes out and is washed to neutrality, dries, 940 ℃ of calcinings 1 hour, are cooled to room temperature, pulverize, and cross 150 mesh sieves, stand-by; C, get chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, phoenix tree leaf, citrus seeds, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pieris, Chinese wingnut leaf, luffa vine, azedarach, wartwort and mix, add the water of 7 times of amounts, decoct and extract 50 minutes, filter, filter residue adds the water of 5 times of amounts again, decoct and extract 35 minutes, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrated, freeze drying powdered, stand-by; D, the powder that step b is made mix with the powder that step c makes, and add diatomite and sodium phosphate trimer, stir 10 minutes, and wet granulation, particle diameter is 1mm, dries, stand-by; E, get polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and mix, add 3 times of water gagings, heating water bath to 75 ℃ also under agitation adds ash, stirs the rear particle surface that steps d makes that is evenly sprayed on, and dries, and gets product.

Adopt compared with the cucumber that cucumber that above-mentioned implantation methods plants out plants out with conventional method, have the following advantages:

As seen from the above table, compare with traditional cultivation method, implantation methods cucumber per mu yield of the present invention has improved 33.5%, and damage by disease and insect incidence has reduced by 80.8%, and plantation cucumber quality is out good, safety nuisance free, low input, high production, profitable, can greatly improve income and the enthusiasm for production at plantation family, be applicable to large-scale promotion.

Claims (3)

1. an implantation methods for cucumber, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) kind is selected

Select low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, plant growing way is prosperous and be difficult for excessive growth, and branch is few, and female melon joint position is low, and joint melon performance is good, and sugar-preserved gourd is of moderate size, outward appearance and raciness, and output is high, and commodity is good, the kind that resistance against diseases is strong;

(2) seed pretreatment

Seed is shone under the sun to 2-3 days breaking dormancies; Then the warm water who puts into 50-55 ℃ soaks 20-30 minute, pulls the mixed solution of putting into again 1% potassium permanganate and 0.5% sodium phosphate out and soaks 10-15 minute, then pull out and rinse with clear water; Then the warm water who puts into 40-45 ℃ soaks 2-3 hour, puts into 25-38 ℃ of preference temperature vernalization after pulling out, and the seed rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reaches more than 60% and can sow;

(2) grow seedlings

In the each macropore of seedling-cultivating tray, put into the soil of growing seedlings, then make a call to a vesicle that 0.4-0.6 centimetre is dark, put into seed, cover the soil of growing seedlings, cover with white mulch film, before emerging after sowing, day temperature should be controlled at 26-35 ℃, and nocturnal temperature should be controlled at 18-21 ℃; The seed rate of being unearthed reaches 75-85%, opens mulch film; Seeding stage day temperature is controlled at 18-25 ℃, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at 16-18 ℃;

Strong sprout standard: cotyledon is intact, has 3-5 sheet true leaf, and internode is shorter, and petiole is spent with main climing angle 45, dark green leaf color, blade plumpness, stem is sturdy, well developed root system, without damage by disease and insect;

(3) furrow are done in fertilising

Whole ground, mu is executed well-rotted farmyard manure 2500-3000 kilogram, superphosphate 25-30 kilogram, slowly-releasing desinsection particle 15-20 kilogram, the bedding of turning over before field planting, the wide 1.0-1.5 rice of furrow, high more than 15 centimetres, and plastic mulching;

(4) field planting

Select early May field planting at 4 the end of month, temperature index requires: minimum night temperature higher than 5 ℃, 0-10 centimeters soil temperature is higher than 12 ℃; The field planting of size row, little line-spacing 40-50 centimetre, wide row space 70-80 centimetre, spacing in the rows 25-30 centimetre, with dark water law field planting, mu is planted 4000-4500 strain;

Field management

Water and loosen the soil with intertillage

4-6 days after field planting, when lobus cardiacus starts growth, when underground part grows a large amount of new root, waters seedling recovering water one time, waters foot and irrigates, and after watering, does not water up to sitting melon, then intertills and loosens the soil, and intertillage for the first time requires dark, saturating, thin, dark 6-8 centimetre; In the time that the root melon of most of plant is sat, result restraining the growth of seedlings, starts to water first water, and this water is suitably large; In the time that land for building is not sticky, intertill for the second time, shallow hoe, remove weeds in conjunction with intertillage; In root melon picking time, watering can not be too diligent, and the water yield is also unsuitable excessive, waters one time water every 6-8 days; Being to contain the melon phase with the waist pawl of gathering to the top melon of gathering, is that cucumber needs water maximum periods in life, waters a water every 3-5 days, and the water yield is also unsuitable excessive, advocates that little water duty waters, and must guard against that flood is unrestrained to be watered; When the top melon of gathering does not rain, watered a water every 5-7 days later, make not dry being advisable of land for building; On watering time, result is preferably in earlier stage carries out the morning, adopts melon and contains phase and later stage, waters and carries out between the lights, can reduce ground temperature; Cucumber is afraid of waterlogging, after rain, will note draining, avoids furrow internal water accumulation;

B, topdress

In the time that restraining the growth of seedlings finishes, chase after disposable fertilizer in conjunction with watering first water, chase after disposable fertilizer every 1-2 clear water later, contain the melon phase to chase after once every 8-10 days, topdress with water, the principle of topdressing is front heavy after light, on a small quantity repeatedly, and the night soil that topdresses to become thoroughly decomposed is main, and each mu is executed night soil 700-800 kilogram;

C, bay and tie up climing

Bay early after field planting, the windproof seedling of taking out, bay can adopt flower stand or herringbone frame, apart from root 8-10 centimetre; Grow tall can not vertical growth time when melon is climing, " 8 " the word method of employing is tied up climing, control frays, and stem is climing and stem is climing sagging, tie up once every 2-3 joint, tie up climing being preferably in and carry out afternoon, the climing frangibility of stem in the morning, tie up to obtain unsuitable tension, being advisable to inject forefinger in space, ties up the climing climing top of melon that will make at every turn and be fixed on sustained height, is convenient to management; D, prune and pinch off young shoots

Main climing knot melon should remove all side shoots, lateral bine knot melon after knot melon, stay one to two leaf to pinch off young shoots, and destroy all tendrils, in the time that stem exceedes frame head, to pinch off young shoots in time, promote the growth of bottom melon, also can take to turn round sharp method and suppress top growth;

(6) gather

Within after field planting 25-30 days, start to adopt melon, 40-60 days, adopted melon and wanted in good time picking time, gathered when sugar-preserved gourd top becomes bowlder by point; While gathering, should see the growing state of melon, see again whole plant strain growth and sit melon situation; Root melon must early be adopted, and makes melon and the climing growth simultaneously on top; Knot melon is contained the phase, and cauline leaf growth is vigorous, and sugar-preserved gourd can fully be grown up and receive, receives melon once every 1-2 days; In the knot melon later stage, plant is old and feeble, is prone to lopsided pawl, should extract early, makes the normal sugar-preserved gourd of nutrition centralizedly supply; Adopting melon should carry out in the morning, and cucumber, gathering in vanning process, be handled with care, allow melon poppyhead barbed.

2. the implantation methods of a kind of cucumber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in the native preparation method that grows seedlings as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: a, peat soil 20-30, the native 10-15 of red jade, deer natural pond soil 8-12, ooze 5-10, chicken manure 15-20, plant straw powder 10-15, bagasse 8-12, wood sawdust 5-10, rice chaff ash 4-8, coconut shell flour 3-5, cinder 2-4, vermiculite 18-24, haydites of book structure 14-18, urea 2-3, superphosphate 1.5-2.5; B, getting vermiculite, perlite, to add concentration be in the hydrochloric acid solution of 10-15%, and heating water bath is to 60-70 ℃, and insulation 1-2 hour, takes out and be washed to neutrality, dries, and 840-880 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, is cooled to room temperature, stand-by; C, get chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder and mix, pile up in heaps, then urea and superphosphate are mixed, convert 80-100 times of water gaging and make solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, naturally place after 24-36h, add the 3-5% of compound amount to add 100-150 times of EM probio dilution, stir, windrow water content is controlled at 60-70%, through fermentation in 5-10 days, when reaching 55-60 ℃, temperature stirs once, and accumulative total can complete fermentation 2-3 time; D, the fermentation product of above-mentioned gained is mixed to the soil of must growing seedlings with remaining raw material.

3. the implantation methods of a kind of cucumber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described slowly-releasing desinsection particle is as follows: a, take the raw material of following weight portion: medical stone 25-35, sepiolite 15-20, diatomite 10-15, sodium phosphate trimer 4-8, chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium 2-3, phoenix tree leaf 1.5-2.5, citrus seeds 1-2, tuber of stemona 3-4, kuh-seng 2-3, pieris 1-2, Chinese wingnut leaf 2.5-3.5, luffa vine 1-2, azedarach 2-3, wartwort 1-2, ash 8-12, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6, sodium alginate 3-5; B, get medical stone and sepiolite mixes, 720-760 ℃ of calcining 2-3 hour, being cooled to and putting into concentration after room temperature is that the hydrogen peroxide solution of 15-20% soaks 1-2 hour, taking-up is washed to neutrality, dries 910-940 ℃ of calcining 1-2 hour, be cooled to room temperature, pulverize, cross 100-150 mesh sieve, stand-by; C, get chrysanthemum cinesariaefolium, phoenix tree leaf, citrus seeds, the tuber of stemona, kuh-seng, pieris, Chinese wingnut leaf, luffa vine, azedarach, wartwort and mix, add the water that 5-10 doubly measures, decoct and extract 50-60 minute, filter, filter residue adds the water that 4-8 doubly measures again, decoct and extract 30-40 minute, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrated, freeze drying powdered, stand-by; D, the powder that step b is made mix with the powder that step c makes, and add diatomite and sodium phosphate trimer, stir 10-15 minute, wet granulation, and particle diameter is 1-2mm, dries, stand-by; E, get polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and mix, add 2-4 times of water gaging, heating water bath is to 70-80 ℃ and under agitation add ash, stirs the rear particle surface that steps d makes that is evenly sprayed on, and dries, and gets product.