CN109247174B - Cultivation method for mulberry fruit bearing in three seasons - Google Patents
Cultivation method for mulberry fruit bearing in three seasons Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000218213 Morus <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for mulberry fruit bearing in three seasons, which can be used for enabling a mulberry to bear fruit in three seasons of 4 months, 7 months and 10 months respectively by using a branch pruning method, and comprises the steps of building a garden with sandy loam or loam; cultivating mulberry seedlings; after the seedlings are planted in 9-11 months of the year, the seedlings are dried at a position 50-60 cm away from the ground and cultivated into trunks, when new buds grow to 12-15cm, 2-3 strong young shoots with uniform upper growth positions and strong growth are selected, 2-3 strong branches are cultivated, the rest branches are thinned, and after the mulberry is harvested, young branches are cut off, and xylem is left; then fertilizer and water management is carried out; daily management of weeding; and finally, preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests. According to the cultivation method of pruning the branches, the mulberry can bear fruits in three seasons of 4 months, 7 months and 10 months every year, the fruiting time of each season is as long as one month, the harvesting period is long, the mulberry can bear fruits for 3 years more than 30 jin in spring and autumn because of proper temperature, sufficient moisture and high yield, the fruits are large and regular, the weight of each fruit is about 20g, and the length of each fruit can reach 4-6 cm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation method of mulberries, in particular to a cultivation method of mulberries with three-season fruiting.
Background
Mulberries also called mulberry and jujubes are green in color, sour in taste, purple black after aging, sweet and juicy in taste, pleasant in flavor and reputable as the best health-care fruit in the 21 st century. The Mori fructus can also be made into Mori fructus powder, Mori fructus dry, and Mori fructus wine. The mulberry has rich nutrition, can enhance immunity, promote digestion, maintain beauty and keep young, nourish yin and promote the production of body fluid, enrich the blood and nourish the blood, tonify the kidney and strengthen the brain, prevent and treat diseases, delay aging and the like, and has wide application in food and medicines. The mulberry is a project which is worthy of development, has great market potential, can drive the development of mountain economy and improve the comprehensive benefits of the mulberry, and has wide development prospect. However, the mulberry fruit bearing is carried out once in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river in one year, the yield is low, the number of fruits is small, the picking is short, and the development of the mulberry industry and the mulberry sightseeing agriculture is severely restricted. And at present, no technical scheme for mulberry to bear fruits in three seasons in one year exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a novel cultivation method of mulberries, which is used for pruning and fertilizing mulberries at different periods so as to achieve the purpose of fruiting for many times.
The cultivation method for mulberries with multiple fruiting comprises the following steps:
(1) building a garden: selecting sandy loam or loam which has a deep soil layer, is loose and fertile and can be irrigated and drained in a sunny area;
(2) planting: cultivating in 2-3 months, leveling land, arranging plant spacing of 100-200cm, applying 8-15kg of organic fertilizer and 3-8 kg of rapeseed cakes per plant, and selecting strong mulberry seedlings for cultivation, wherein the height of the mulberry seedlings is 60-100 cm;
(3) pruning the branches: after planting in 9-11 months, fixing the stems at positions 50-60 cm away from the ground, cultivating the stems, selecting 2-3 strong branches with even upper growing positions when new buds grow to 12-15cm, cultivating the strong branches into 2-3 strong branches, thinning the rest branches, and cutting off the tender branches after the mulberry is harvested to leave xylem;
(4) and (3) fertilizer and water management: applying decomposed pig and cattle manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer once in 12-2 months; in 3-5 months, when the young shoots grow for 5-10 cm, applying a mixture of a compound fertilizer, urea and rapeseed cakes; applying liquid dung and urea once in the flowering period of 6-8 months, and applying monopotassium phosphate to the leaf surface; applying compound fertilizer once after harvesting;
(5) daily management: weeding before mulberry germination, wherein the spring ploughing depth is 10-15 cm; then the depth of winter cultivation reaches 15-20 cm, the depth of winter cultivation reaches 5-10 cm after the next year in spring, summer and autumn, and the depth of winter cultivation reaches 15-20 cm
(6) And (3) pest control: spraying the diluted potassium permanganate solution on branches and the ground before germination, spraying the bactericide in the flowering period, and spraying the bactericide once every 10-15 days.
Trimming the adult mulberry trees of 3 years or more in the step (3) once after the mulberry is harvested in 5 months, cutting off twigs, leaving xylem, and removing more than 70% of old leaves; the second pruning is carried out in the same way in 8 months, and the third pruning is carried out in the same way in 11 months.
After planting in the step (3) in 9-11 months, drying at 60cm above the ground, cultivating into a main trunk, selecting 3 robust young shoots with uniform upper growth positions when the young shoots grow to 13-14cm, and removing the rest; and after each batch of mulberries are harvested, cutting off twigs to leave xylem, and simultaneously cutting off twigs and weak branches and removing old leaves.
In the step (4), in 12-2 months, furrows are dug in the mulberry dormancy stage, and decomposed pig and cattle manure and miscellaneous soil fertilizers are applied in an amount of 0.1-0.5 kg/plant, wherein the decomposed pig and cattle manure and miscellaneous soil fertilizers are mixed in any mass ratio.
In the step (4), in 3-5 months, when the young shoots grow for 5-10 cm, 0.1-0.5 kg/plant of a mixture of a compound fertilizer, urea and rapeseed cakes is applied once, wherein the mass ratio of the compound fertilizer to the urea to the rapeseed cakes is 0.8-1.5: 0.2-0.5: 0.8-1.5.
In the step (4), 0.1-0.3kg of mixed cost of the liquid manure and the urea is applied once in the flowering period of 6-8 months, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid manure to the urea is any ratio; the mass fraction of the monopotassium phosphate is 0.1-0.5%.
According to the mulberry cultivation method, sandy loam or loam which is deep in soil layer, loose and fertile and can be irrigated and drained is selected in a sunny area, and the row spacing is about 150 cm. The air in the mulberry field is smooth, sufficient oxygen and carbon dioxide are supplied for normal growth and development of the mulberry, sufficient growth space is provided to ensure that the root system of the mulberry is developed, the nutrition is sufficient, and meanwhile, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests can be reduced.
According to the mulberry cultivation method, the mulberry seedlings are fixed at the height of about 60cm, and the mulberry is trimmed to ensure that the mulberry is appropriate in number, uniform in distribution, ventilated and transparent, and concentrated in nutrients, so that the mulberry is beneficial to growth of branches and leaves. The young seedling is obtained by cutting off the tender branches after the mulberry is harvested in each season, leaving xylem, removing part of old leaves, ensuring the plant to have sufficient nutrition, reducing the useless consumption of nutrients, adjusting the distribution of the nutrients, coordinating the contradiction between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth, promoting the plant to sprout, and blooming and bearing fruit again at the axillary of the leaf.
The mulberry cultivation method is used for managing fertilizer and water in the breeding period. The fertilizer application is mainly farmyard manure and is assisted by chemical fertilizer. The main functions are to improve soil and improve soil fertility, and the main functions are decomposed family fertilizers, rape seed cakes and soil miscellaneous fertilizers. The farmyard manure is economical and easy to obtain, low in cost, rich in organic matters and good in mulberry taste. When in top dressing, monopotassium phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surfaces, so that the excessive growth of branches can be controlled, excessive nutrients are consumed, and the mulberry fruit top dressing fertilizer is beneficial to improving the sugar content and color of mulberries.
The method is mainly used for artificial biological control, and efficient, low-toxicity and low-residue biological pesticide is used for chemical control, so that the quality of the mulberry is fully ensured.
The plants of the invention all have apical dominance during the growth process, and the apical growth of the plants is faster than the lateral growth. After each picking, the twig is cut off, the apical dominance is removed, the lateral bud germinates and grows due to the reduction of the auxin concentration, the maturing rate is improved, and the lateral branch obtains more nutrition to ensure blooming and fruit bearing. According to the cultivation method of pruning the branches, the mulberry can bear fruits in three seasons of 4 months, 7 months and 10 months every year, the fruiting time of each season is as long as one month, the harvesting period is long, the mulberry can bear fruits of more than 30 jin in 3 years due to proper temperature in spring and autumn, the moisture is sufficient, the yield is high, the fruit size is large and regular, the weight of a single fruit is about 20g, the length can reach 4-6cm, the sweet taste is slightly sour, the main part is sweet, the sweetness is 80%, the juice is delicious, the juice yield is 90%, and the cultivation method is suitable for picking fresh fruits, preparing mulberry jam and suitable for soaking wine and preparing mulberry. The mulberry wine is slightly smaller in summer, about 3cm, lower in yield than spring and autumn, not as sweet as spring and autumn, and suitable for soaking wine and making dried mulberries.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Building a garden: selecting sandy loam or loam which has a deep soil layer, is loose and fertile and can be irrigated and drained in a sunny area.
(2) Planting: in the cultivation period, beginning spring is selected, land is leveled, the row spacing of the plants is about 150cm, 10kg of organic fertilizer is applied per plant, 5kg of rapeseed cakes are applied per plant, and strong mulberry seedlings are selected for cultivation.
(3) Pruning the branches: the seedlings are usually planted in autumn, and then are dried at 60cm above the ground to form trunks. When the sprout grows to 12-13cm, selecting 2-3 strong shoots with uniform upper growth position, culturing into 2-3 strong branches, and removing the rest. And after the mulberry is harvested, cutting off the tender branches of the seedlings to leave xylem, cutting off the weak branches of the twigs, and removing 70% of old leaves of the seedlings.
(4) And (3) fertilizer and water management: one is month 12-2: the winter fertilizer is a basic fertilizer for the mulberry field, under the condition of ditching and application in the dormant period of the mulberry, 0.5 kg/plant of fully decomposed pig and cattle manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer is required to be used as the basic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is deeply buried in the soil by combining with deep ploughing. And secondly, when spring fertilizer is applied for 3-5 months and young shoots grow to 5-10 cm, quickly and repeatedly applying quick-acting fertilizer, wherein 1kg of compound fertilizer, 0.5kg of urea, 1kg of rapeseed cakes and 0.3kg of vegetable seed cakes are applied per plant, and decomposed organic fertilizer can also be applied in a matched manner. Thirdly, top dressing, applying liquid manure and urea once in 6-8 months of flowering period, wherein the mixture of the liquid manure and the urea is 0.3 kg/plant, and simultaneously applying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate to foliage. After the harvest, 0.1kg of compound fertilizer is applied once.
(5) Daily management: weeding is carried out before mulberry germination, weeds passing winter are removed, the soil structure is improved, the spring ploughing is shallow, the root system is prevented from being damaged, and the spring ploughing depth is 12cm generally. The mulberry field intertillage weeding is carried out four times in spring, summer, autumn and winter every year, particularly the winter and summer are important, the intertillage weeding is generally carried out in combination with fertilization, the winter tillage is the basis of high yield of mulberry in the next year, and the depth of the winter tillage is required to reach 20cm, the depth of the spring, summer and autumn in the next year is 8cm, and the depth of the winter tillage reaches 20 cm.
(6) And (3) pest control: before germination, potassium permanganate is used for spraying branches and branches comprehensively. 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl or 800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is sprayed in the flowering period. The thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim should be used alternately, and the spray point needs to be fine and week when the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim are sprayed, so that the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim cannot be leaked to spray. The inflorescence, the leaves and the branches are fully moistened, and the control is carried out once every 10 days by taking the dripping degree. If the diseased plant is dug up in time and burned out, the periphery of the diseased plant is irrigated by a cuprammonium mixture, namely 3kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 0.5kg of copper sulfate are mixed and sealed in a plastic bag for 24min, and the root is irrigated by adding 200 kg of water per kg of mixture for 1 time every 7 days and 3 times continuously. Morous mulberries are removed in time and burnt out intensively.
Example 2
(1) Building a garden: selecting sandy loam or loam which has a deep soil layer, is loose and fertile and can be irrigated and drained in a sunny area.
(2) Planting: in the cultivation period, beginning spring is selected, land is leveled, the row spacing of plants is about 150cm, 8kg of organic fertilizer is applied per plant, 6 kg of rapeseed cakes are applied per plant, and strong mulberry seedlings are selected for cultivation.
(3) Pruning the branches: the seedlings are usually planted in autumn, and then are dried at 60cm above the ground to form trunks. When the sprout grows to 13-15cm, selecting 2-3 strong shoots with uniform upper growth position, culturing into 2-3 strong branches, and removing the rest. And after the mulberry is harvested, cutting off the tender branches of the seedlings to leave xylem, cutting off the weak branches of the twigs, and removing 70% of old leaves of the seedlings.
(4) And (3) fertilizer and water management: one is month 12-2: the winter fertilizer is a basic fertilizer for the mulberry field, under the condition of ditching and application in the dormant period of the mulberry, 0.2 kg/plant of fully decomposed pig and cattle manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer is required to be used as the basic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is deeply buried in the soil by combining with deep ploughing. And secondly, when spring fertilizer is applied for 3-5 months and young shoots grow to 5-8 cm, re-applying quick-acting fertilizer in time, wherein 0.8kg of compound fertilizer, 0.5kg of urea, 1.2kg of rapeseed cakes and 0.25kg of fertilizer are applied per plant, and decomposed organic fertilizer can also be applied in a matched manner. Thirdly, top dressing, applying the liquid manure and the urea once in 6-8 months of the flowering period, wherein 0.1kg of the mixture of the liquid manure and the urea is applied to each plant, and simultaneously, applying the monopotassium phosphate with the concentration of 0.3% to the foliage. After the harvest, 0.1kg of compound fertilizer is applied once.
(5) Daily management: weeding is carried out before mulberry germination, weeds passing winter are removed, the soil structure is improved, spring ploughing is shallow, damage to root systems is avoided, and the spring ploughing depth is 15cm generally. The mulberry field intertillage weeding is carried out four times in spring, summer, autumn and winter every year, particularly the winter and summer are important, the intertillage weeding is generally carried out in combination with fertilization, the winter tillage is the basis of high yield of mulberry in the next year, and the depth of the winter tillage is required to reach 20cm, the depth of the spring, summer and autumn tillage is required to be 5cm, and the depth of the winter tillage is preferably 20 cm.
(6) And (3) pest control: before germination, potassium permanganate is used for spraying branches and branches comprehensively. 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl or 800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is sprayed in the flowering period. The thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim should be used alternately, and the spray point needs to be fine and week when the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim are sprayed, so that the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim cannot be leaked to spray. The inflorescence, the leaves and the branches are fully moistened, and the control is carried out once every 10 days by taking the dripping degree. If the diseased plant is dug up in time and burned out, the periphery of the diseased plant is irrigated by a cuprammonium mixture, namely 3kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 0.5kg of copper sulfate are mixed and sealed in a plastic bag for 24min, and the root is irrigated by adding 200 kg of water per kg of mixture for 1 time every 7 days and 3 times continuously. Morous mulberries are removed in time and burnt out intensively.
Example 3
(1) Building a garden: selecting sandy loam or loam which has a deep soil layer, is loose and fertile and can be irrigated and drained in a sunny area.
(2) Planting: in the cultivation period, beginning spring is selected, land is leveled, the row spacing of the plants is about 150cm, organic fertilizer is applied for 12 kg/plant, rapeseed cakes are applied for 8 kg/plant, and strong mulberry seedlings are selected for cultivation.
(3) Pruning the branches: the seedlings are usually planted in autumn, and then are dried at 60cm above the ground to form trunks. When the sprout grows to 12cm, selecting 2-3 strong shoots with uniform upper growth position, cultivating 2-3 strong branches, and removing the rest. And after the mulberry is harvested, cutting off the tender branches of the seedlings to leave xylem, cutting off the weak branches of the twigs, and removing 70% of old leaves of the seedlings.
(4) And (3) fertilizer and water management: one is month 12-2: the winter fertilizer is a basic fertilizer for the mulberry field, under the condition of ditching and application in the dormant period of the mulberry, 0.5 kg/plant of fully decomposed pig and cattle manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer is required to be used as the basic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is deeply buried in the soil by combining with deep ploughing. And secondly, when spring fertilizer is applied for 3-5 months and young shoots grow to 5-10 cm, re-applying quick-acting fertilizer in time, wherein 0.9kg of compound fertilizer, 0.3kg of urea, 1.4kg of rapeseed cakes and 0.5kg of decomposed organic fertilizer can be applied per plant, and the decomposed organic fertilizer can also be applied in a matched manner. Thirdly, topdressing, namely applying the liquid manure and the urea once in the 6-8 months of the flowering period, wherein 0.3kg of the mixture of the liquid manure and the urea is applied to each plant, and simultaneously applying the monopotassium phosphate with the concentration of 0.4% to foliage. After the harvest, 0.1kg of compound fertilizer is applied once.
(5) Daily management: weeding is carried out before mulberry germination, weeds passing winter are removed, the soil structure is improved, the spring ploughing is shallow, the root system is prevented from being damaged, and the spring ploughing depth is 12cm generally. The mulberry field intertillage weeding is carried out four times in spring, summer, autumn and winter every year, particularly the winter and summer are important, the intertillage weeding is generally carried out in combination with fertilization, the winter tillage is the basis of high yield of mulberry in the next year, and the depth of the winter tillage is required to reach 18cm, the depth of the spring, summer and autumn tillage is required to be 8cm, and the depth of the winter tillage is preferably 18 cm.
(6) And (3) pest control: before germination, potassium permanganate is used for spraying branches and branches comprehensively. 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl or 800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is sprayed in the flowering period. The thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim should be used alternately, and the spray point needs to be fine and week when the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim are sprayed, so that the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim cannot be leaked to spray. The inflorescence, the leaves and the branches are fully moistened, and the control is carried out once every 10 days by taking the dripping degree. If the diseased plant is dug up in time and burned out, the periphery of the diseased plant is irrigated by a cuprammonium mixture, namely 3kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 0.5kg of copper sulfate are mixed and sealed in a plastic bag for 24min, and the root is irrigated by adding 200 kg of water per kg of mixture for 1 time every 7 days and 3 times continuously. Morous mulberries are removed in time and burnt out intensively.
Example 4
Pruning branches of the mulberry plant of example 1 after 3 years
In the embodiment 1, a mulberry tree in 3 years is pruned once after 5 months of mulberry harvesting, the twig of the current year is pruned, xylem is left, and more than 70% of old leaves are removed; the second pruning is carried out in the same way in 8 months, and the third pruning is carried out in the same way in 11 months.
And (3) fertilizer and water management: one is month 12-2: the winter fertilizer is a basic fertilizer for the mulberry field, under the condition of ditching and application in the dormant period of the mulberry, 0.5 kg/plant of fully decomposed pig and cattle manure and soil miscellaneous fertilizer is required to be used as the basic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is deeply buried in the soil by combining with deep ploughing. And secondly, when spring fertilizer is applied for 3-5 months and young shoots grow 8-10 cm, applying quick-acting fertilizer again in time, wherein 0.9kg of compound fertilizer, 0.3kg of urea, 1.4kg of rapeseed cakes and 0.5kg of fertilizer are applied per plant, and decomposed organic fertilizer can also be applied in a matched manner. Thirdly, topdressing, namely applying the liquid manure and the urea once in the 6-8 months of the flowering period, wherein 0.3kg of the mixture of the liquid manure and the urea is applied to each plant, and simultaneously applying the monopotassium phosphate with the concentration of 0.4% to foliage. After the harvest, 0.1kg of compound fertilizer is applied once.
Daily management: weeding is carried out before mulberry germination, weeds passing winter are removed, the soil structure is improved, the spring ploughing is shallow, the root system is prevented from being damaged, and the spring ploughing depth is 12cm generally. The mulberry field intertillage weeding is carried out four times in spring, summer, autumn and winter every year, particularly the winter and summer are important, the intertillage weeding is generally carried out in combination with fertilization, the winter tillage is the basis of high yield of mulberry in the next year, and the depth of the winter tillage is required to reach 18cm, the depth of the spring, summer and autumn tillage is required to be 8cm, and the depth of the winter tillage is preferably 18 cm.
And (3) pest control: before germination, potassium permanganate is used for spraying branches and branches comprehensively. 1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl or 800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is sprayed in the flowering period. The thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim should be used alternately, and the spray point needs to be fine and week when the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim are sprayed, so that the thiophanate methyl and the carbendazim cannot be leaked to spray. The inflorescence, the leaves and the branches are fully moistened, and the control is carried out once every 10 days by taking the dripping degree. If the diseased plant is dug up in time and burned out, the periphery of the diseased plant is irrigated by a cuprammonium mixture, namely 3kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 0.5kg of copper sulfate are mixed and sealed in a plastic bag for 24min, and the root is irrigated by adding 200 kg of water per kg of mixture for 1 time every 7 days and 3 times continuously. Morous mulberries are removed in time and burnt out intensively.
Claims (5)
1. A cultivation method for three-season fruiting of mulberries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building a garden: selecting sandy loam or loam which has loose soil layer and can be irrigated and drained in hills or plain sections;
(2) planting: leveling the land in 2-3 months, cultivating mulberry seedlings, wherein the row spacing between the mulberry seedlings is 100-200cm, the plant spacing is 100-200cm, and fertilizer is applied;
(3) pruning the branches: after the seedlings are planted in the same year of 9-11 months, the seedlings are dried at 60cm above the ground and cultivated into main trunks, when new buds grow to 13-14cm, 3 new shoots which are uniform in upper growth positions and robust in growth are selected, and the rest are removed; after each batch of mulberries are harvested, cutting off twigs to leave xylem, cutting off weak twigs and old leaves, trimming adult mulberries of 3 years or more after 5 months of mulberry harvesting, cutting off twigs to leave xylem, and removing more than 70% of old leaves; carrying out second pruning in the same method in 8 months, and carrying out third pruning in the same method in 11 months;
(4) and (3) fertilizer and water management: applying decomposed pig and cattle manure and soil and miscellaneous fertilizer once in 2 months in 12-year; in 3-5 months, when the young shoots grow to 5-10 cm, applying a mixture of a compound fertilizer, urea and rapeseed cakes; applying liquid dung and urea once in the flowering period of 6-8 months, applying monopotassium phosphate to the leaf surface, and applying compound fertilizer once after harvesting is finished each time;
(5) daily management: weeding before mulberry germination, wherein the spring ploughing depth is 10-15 cm; then the depth of winter cultivation reaches 15-20 cm, the depth of winter cultivation reaches 5-10 cm in spring, summer and autumn after the next year, and the depth of winter cultivation reaches 15-20 cm;
(6) and (3) pest control: spraying the diluted potassium permanganate solution on branches and the ground before germination, spraying the bactericide in the flowering period, and spraying the bactericide once every 10-15 days.
2. The cultivation method of mulberry three-season fruiting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mulberry seedling height is 60-100 cm; the applied fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and rapeseed cakes, wherein 8-15kg of organic fertilizer and 3-8 kg of rapeseed cakes are applied.
3. The mulberry three-season fruiting cultivation method of claim 1, wherein in the step (4), in 12-2 months, ditches are opened in a mulberry resting period, and decomposed pig and cattle manure and miscellaneous soil fertilizers are applied at a rate of 0.1-0.5 kg/plant, wherein the decomposed pig and cattle manure and miscellaneous soil fertilizers are mixed in any mass ratio.
4. The cultivation method of mulberry three-season fruiting according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), in 3-5 months, when young shoots grow for 5-10 cm, 0.1-0.5 kg/plant of a mixture of a compound fertilizer, urea and rapeseed cakes is applied, wherein the mass ratio of the compound fertilizer to the urea to the rapeseed cakes is 0.8-1.5: 0.2-0.5: 0.8-1.5.
5. The cultivation method of mulberry three-season fruiting according to claim 1, wherein 0.1-0.3 kg/plant of a mixed fertilizer of liquid manure and urea is applied once in the blooming period of 6-8 months in step (4), wherein the mass ratio of the liquid manure to the urea is any ratio; the mass fraction of the monopotassium phosphate is 0.1-0.5%.
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| CN110637629B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-08-30 | 山东省蚕业研究所 | Greenhouse cultivation method for achieving multiple fruiting of Taiwan Changguo mulberry |
| CN112931021B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-05-20 | 江西山谷春生态农业发展有限公司 | Planting method for twice-bearing fruits of mulberry trees in one year |
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| CN104081967A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-08 | 安徽华箔箔业科技有限公司 | Management method for mulberry field |
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