CN104303640A - Seedling breeding method of cassava - Google Patents
Seedling breeding method of cassava Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303640A CN104303640A CN201410534159.1A CN201410534159A CN104303640A CN 104303640 A CN104303640 A CN 104303640A CN 201410534159 A CN201410534159 A CN 201410534159A CN 104303640 A CN104303640 A CN 104303640A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a seedling breeding method of cassava. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting seeds; (2) cutting seeds; (3) soaking seeds; (4) breeding; (5) performing breeding management. The breeding period of the seedling breeding method of the cassava is short; after breeding for 15 to 20 days, seedlings can grow out of soil, grow uniformly and emergence rate is high; after the seedlings are transplanted, the drought resistance and the disease resistance are high; the yield is high after the seedlings are transplanted; the method can be greatly popularized and applied; according to the traditional method that stems are buried into soil for propagating and breeding, buds grow out after over 30 days, the seedlings can grow out of the soil after 40 days; the disease resistance in growth management is poor; the invasion of diseases happen frequently; the seedlings cannot grow uniformly; the productivity and the yield are relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, especially relate to the nursery propagation method of a kind of cassava.
Background technology
Cassava is Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae), cassava (Manihot) plant, comprise cultivated species and wild species have kind more than 150, wherein cassava (Manihat esculenta Crantz) is uniquely for the kind of Economical cultivation, call wooden sweet potato, cassava, Yuca, Tapioca and Manioc, English Cassava by name.Have the cultivation history of 5,000 years in America, be one of the whole world three large tuber crops, reputation claims " king of starch ", " underground grain "; The purposes of cassava is wide, industry chain length, and drive property is strong.Along with developing rapidly of the continuous increase of China's population and starch and feed industry, production and the exploitation of cassava attracted attention by common people deeply, cassava produces and processing has become China's new industry, particularly cassava becomes important energy crop in recent years, is to produce one of optimum starch material of alcohol fuel.The existing cassava area under cultivation of China about 500,000 hectares, is mainly distributed in the torrid zone such as Guangxi, Guangdong and Hainan, provinces and regions, subtropics, output 90% for Starch Production, its potential area under cultivation is more than 3,000,000 hectares.
Cassava is a kind of asexually propagated crop, production mainly utilize stem tuber breed, what have impact on new varieties (strain) because reproduction coefficient is low plants experimentally promotion rate, traditional breeding adopts Stem section reproduction, stem section is imbedded in soil and breeds, stem section ratio is easier to rot, reproduction rate is low, plantation yields poorly, such as, one section of Chinese patent, application number is: 201310356807.4, name is called: the fast method of sugarcane field plantation cassava, in the furrow of planting site, directly put cassava plantation stem section, and another part Chinese patent, application number is: 201310389029.9, name is called: a kind of cultivation method of cassava kind stem girdling yield increasing, cassava is planted stem section and peel off crust from centre position, then plantation is kept flat in the ground, the cassava plantation stem section of these two kinds of cassava implantation methods is easily rotted, root system is few, reproduction rate is low.Traditional cassava propagation method receives serious restriction, and therefore developmental research cassava propagation technique is significant.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide that a kind of survival rate is high, well developed root system, and form the cassava nursery propagation method of Peak output, order the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A nursery propagation method for cassava, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select fresh, eye is intact, bud point is intensive, the plant of not damaged, healthy mature is as nursery propagating materials;
(2) kind is cut: with cassava children cutting shoots for material, excise young tender terminal bud, being cut into every segment length is 5 ~ 10cm, every section of one or two bud point of Intermediate Gray;
(3) seed soaking: the stem Duan Xianyong clean water sheared is soaked 1 day, secondly sterilization in 2 ~ 3 hours is soaked with the hypochlorite of 1%, again with 0.04% brassin dilution 1000 ~ 1500 times soak hospital gauzes parcel gauze was untied in 10 ~ 18 hours after, smear evenly with yellow mud, finally with thin film, stem section is wrapped up in the middle part of point from two shear sectional planes to bud again, reserved 3 ~ 5mm space around bud point; Brassin is used for urging root to grow up to new talent, accelerates cassava initial stage reproduction speed; After smearing with yellow mud, then use film wrapped, the nutrition of favourable maintenance stem section and humidity continue the time more grown, because film is thinner, can be softened after root system grows, and the growth of root system can not be affected, more root system can also be expedited the emergence of on the contrary;
(4) breeding: the stem section processed through step (3) is kept flat or tilts to insert to be equipped with in the breeding bag of culture medium and carry out breeding, the bore of described breeding bag and be highly 15 ~ 20cm, described culture medium is: perlite, yellow soil, and vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea are withered; Culture medium can provide required sufficient nutrient component for stem section roots;
(5) breeding management: cover 1 ~ 3cm soil in seedbed breeding bag being put into culturing room, surface soil is sprayed moistening with water, airing was covered with mulch film after 1 ~ 2 day, finally lay straw on mulch film, cultivate and will open straw and mulch film after 20 days, the hypochlorite spraying one time 1% carries out disinfection, 500 ~ 800 times are diluted again with the brassin of 0.01%, and to add containing N-P-K ratio be the composite fertilizer 10 ~ 20g of 15-15-15, magnesium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.6g, zinc sulphate 0.04 ~ 0.08g, iron sulfate 0.03 ~ 0.05g gram, manganese sulphate 0.2 ~ 0.5g, boric acid powder 0.05 ~ 1.5g mixes sprinkling, sprayed 1 time every 7 days, continuous sprinkling 1 ~ 2 time, when breeding bag is put into seedbed, by the bottom transfixation of bag, in case the water that in bag, splendid attire is too much, adopt mulch film and hay etc. to cover heat-preserving anti-freezing, spray the conditioning agent of above-mentioned fertilizer as growth of seedling, accelerate growth rate, impel seedling normal growth, strengthen resistance against diseases,
Further preferably, the inclination angle that described step (4) tilts to insert stem section is less than 45 degree in the present invention, and its quantity inserted is 1 ~ 2 section.
The present invention further preferably, in described step (4), the weight portion of culture medium is: nacrite 3 ~ 8 parts, yellow soil 1 ~ 5 part, vermiculite 2 ~ 5 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 4 ~ 10 parts, 4 ~ 10 parts, paulownia shell powder, withered 4 ~ 10 parts of tea, nacrite is put in the bottom of described breeding bag, is up the withered mixture of yellow soil, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea successively; In breeding bag, put into the wettability that culture medium is conducive to keeping bag in this way, also can filter unnecessary moisture.
Further preferably, the temperature of the culturing room of described step (5) is 20 ~ 300C, and illumination is 3000 ~ 8000Lux, and relative air humidity controls 65% ~ 80% in the present invention.
In sum, the present invention has following significant advantage:
(1) breeding and propagation method of the present invention, nursery stage is short, and emergence rate is high, well developed root system, and drought resisting after culture transferring, resistance against diseases are strong.
(2) be convenient to convenient management, transplant plantation conveniently, Economization on land, save and drop into, decrease labour, save time and integrated cost.
(3) stem section to be imbedded in soil when solving tradition plantation and carry out breeding and seedling, irregular problem after emerging, after transplanting plantation, income is high, can carry out wideling popularize and applying
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A nursery propagation method for cassava, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select fresh, eye is intact, bud point is intensive, the plant of not damaged, healthy mature is as nursery propagating materials;
(2) kind is cut: with cassava children cutting shoots for material, excise young tender terminal bud, being cut into every segment length is 5cm, every section of Intermediate Gray bud point;
(3) seed soaking: the stem Duan Xianyong clean water sheared is soaked 1 day, secondly sterilization in 2 ~ 3 hours is soaked with the hypochlorite of 1%, again dilute after 1000 times of hospital gauzes soaked wrap up and being untied by gauze for 10 hours with the brassin of 0.04%, smear evenly with yellow mud, finally with thin film, stem section is wrapped up in the middle part of point from two shear sectional planes to bud again, reserved 3mm space around bud point;
(4) breeding: the stem section processed through step (3) is kept flat or tilts to insert to be equipped with in the breeding bag of culture medium and carry out breeding, the bore of described breeding bag and be highly 15cm, described culture medium is: perlite, yellow soil, and vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea are withered; Wherein, the inclination angle tilting to insert stem section is less than 45 degree, and its quantity inserted is 2 sections; The weight portion that each breeding bag puts described culture medium is: nacrite 3 parts, yellow soil 1 part, vermiculite 2 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 4 parts, 4 parts, paulownia shell powder, withered 4 parts of tea, nacrite is put in the bottom of described breeding bag, is up the withered mixture of yellow soil, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea successively.
(5) breeding management: cover 1 ~ 3cm soil in seedbed breeding bag being put into culturing room, surface soil is sprayed moistening with water, airing used plastic mulching after 1 ~ 2 day, finally lay straw on mulch film, general cultivation can grow tender shoots in 15 ~ 20 days, when cultivation will open straw and mulch film after 20 days, the hypochlorite spraying one time 1% carries out disinfection, sterilize after 3 ~ 5 days, every 2000 strain cassava seedling brassin of 0.01% dilutes 500 times, and to add containing N-P-K ratio be the composite fertilizer 10g of 15-15-15, magnesium sulfate 0.2g, zinc sulphate 0.04g, iron sulfate 0.03g gram, manganese sulphate 0.2g, boric acid powder 0.05g mixes sprinkling, sprayed 1 time every 7 days, continuous sprinkling 1 ~ 2 time, the temperature of described culturing room is 20 ~ 300C, illumination is 3000 ~ 8000Lux, in culturing room, spray water makes cultivation indoor air relative humidity control 65% ~ 80%.
Embodiment 2
A nursery propagation method for cassava, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select fresh, eye is intact, bud point is intensive, the plant of not damaged, healthy mature is as nursery propagating materials;
(2) kind is cut: with cassava children cutting shoots for material, excise young tender terminal bud, being cut into every segment length is 10cm, every section of Intermediate Gray two bud points;
(3) seed soaking: the stem Duan Xianyong clean water sheared is soaked 1 day, secondly sterilization in 2 ~ 3 hours is soaked with the hypochlorite of 1%, again dilute after 1500 times of hospital gauzes soaked wrap up and being untied by gauze for 18 hours with the brassin of 0.04%, smear evenly with yellow mud, finally with thin film, stem section is wrapped up in the middle part of point from two shear sectional planes to bud again, reserved 5mm space around bud point;
(4) breeding: the stem section processed through step (3) is kept flat or tilts to insert to be equipped with in the breeding bag of culture medium and carry out breeding, the bore of described breeding bag and be highly 20cm, described culture medium is: perlite, yellow soil, and vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea are withered; Wherein, the inclination angle tilting to insert stem section is less than 45 degree, its quantity inserted is 1 section, the weight portion that each breeding bag puts described middle culture medium is: nacrite 8 parts, yellow soil 5 parts, vermiculite 5 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 10 parts, 10 parts, paulownia shell powder, withered 10 parts of tea, nacrite is put in the bottom of described breeding bag, is up the withered mixture of yellow soil, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea successively.
(5) breeding management: cover 1 ~ 3cm soil in seedbed breeding bag being put into culturing room, surface soil is sprayed moistening with water, airing used plastic mulching after 1 ~ 2 day, finally lay straw on mulch film, general cultivation can grow tender shoots in 15 ~ 20 days, when cultivation will open straw and film after 20 days, the hypochlorite spraying one time 1% carries out disinfection, sterilize after 3 ~ 5 days, every 2000 strain cassava seedling dilute 800 times with the brassin of 0.01% again, and to add containing N-P-K ratio be the composite fertilizer 20g of 15-15-15, magnesium sulfate 0.6g, zinc sulphate 0.08g, iron sulfate 0.05g gram, manganese sulphate 0.5g, boric acid powder 1.5g mixes sprinkling, sprayed 1 time every 7 days, continuous sprinkling 1 ~ 2 time.The temperature of described culturing room is 20 ~ 300C, and illumination is 3000 ~ 8000Lux, and in culturing room, spray water makes cultivation indoor air relative humidity control 65% ~ 80%.
Embodiment 3,
Nursery breeding benefit comparison: the present embodiment adopts above-described embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 to contrast with control group 1 and control group 2, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are chosen arbitrarily 100 rhizome sections respectively and are carried out nursery and be multiplied into seedling 20 days 20 days, control group 1 also chooses arbitrarily 100 rhizome sections, according to the conventional method, the method of carrying out breeding and seedling in soil is imbedded by stem section, finally conventionally carry out Cultivate administration by three groups, its secondary attention diseases prevention worm, except crop smothering and the rational application of fertilizer, its comparative analysis result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 cassava nursery breeding benefit results contrast
In sum, shown by interplanting outcome record data, nursery stage of the present invention is short, nursery 15 ~ 20 days seedling will grow soil, nursery grew to 15 ~ more than 20cm after 35 ~ 40 days, then seedling can be carried out transplanting to have planted, and growth fraction is more neat, emergence rate is high, drought resisting after culture transferring, resistance against diseases is strong, stem section is without rotting, and income is high after transplanting plantation, and according to the conventional method, stem section is imbedded the method for carrying out breeding and seedling in soil, take and just germinate for more than 30 days, after 40 days, seedling just grows soil, just more than 10cm is grown to after 50 ~ 60 days, and resistance against diseases is poor in growth management process, often suffer the infringement of disease, young plant growth is also irregular, productive rate income is also lower.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.
Claims (4)
1. a nursery propagation method for cassava, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select fresh, eye is intact, bud point is intensive, the plant of not damaged, healthy mature is as nursery propagating materials;
(2) kind is cut: with cassava children cutting shoots for material, excise young tender terminal bud, being cut into every segment length is 5 ~ 10cm, every section of one or two bud point of Intermediate Gray;
(3) seed soaking: the stem Duan Xianyong clean water sheared is soaked 1 day, secondly sterilization in 2 ~ 3 hours is soaked with the hypochlorite of 1%, again with 0.04% brassin dilution 1000 ~ 1500 times soak hospital gauzes parcel gauze was untied in 10 ~ 18 hours after, smear evenly with yellow mud, finally with thin film, stem section is wrapped up in the middle part of point from two shear sectional planes to bud again, reserved 3 ~ 5mm space around bud point;
(4) breeding: the stem section processed through step (3) is kept flat or tilts to insert to be equipped with in the breeding bag of culture medium and carry out breeding, the bore of described breeding bag and be highly 15 ~ 20cm, described culture medium is: perlite, yellow soil, and vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea are withered;
(5) breeding management: cover 1 ~ 3cm soil in seedbed breeding bag being put into culturing room, surface soil is sprayed moistening with water, airing used plastic mulching after 1 ~ 2 day, finally lay straw on mulch film, cultivate and will open straw and mulch film after 20 days, the hypochlorite spraying one time 1% carries out disinfection, 500 ~ 800 times are diluted again with the brassin of 0.01%, and to add containing N-P-K ratio be the composite fertilizer 10 ~ 20g of 15-15-15, magnesium sulfate 0.2 ~ 0.6g, zinc sulphate 0.04 ~ 0.08g, iron sulfate 0.03 ~ 0.05g gram, manganese sulphate 0.2 ~ 0.5g, boric acid powder 0.05 ~ 1.5g mixes sprinkling, sprayed 1 time every 7 days, continuous sprinkling 1 ~ 2 time.
2. the nursery propagation method of a kind of cassava according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the inclination angle that described step (4) tilts to insert stem section is less than 45 degree, and its quantity inserted is 1 ~ 2 section.
3. the nursery propagation method of a kind of cassava according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the weight portion of culture medium is: nacrite 3 ~ 8 parts, yellow soil 1 ~ 5 part, vermiculite 2 ~ 5 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 4 ~ 10 parts, 4 ~ 10 parts, paulownia shell powder, withered 4 ~ 10 parts of tea, nacrite is put in the bottom of described breeding bag, is up the withered mixture of yellow soil, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, paulownia shell powder and tea successively.
4. the nursery propagation method of a kind of cassava according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of the culturing room of described step (5) is 20 ~ 300C, and illumination is 3000 ~ 8000Lux, and relative air humidity controls 65% ~ 80%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106818870A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-06-13 | 河池市技术开发中心 | A kind of kind stem inorganic agent of prevention cassava droop |
| CN111165277A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-19 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa |
| CN114145202A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-08 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Cassava cultivation method |
| CN116267559A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting flowering of cassava |
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| US20130096531A1 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2013-04-18 | Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Hypodermic needle assembly having a transition hub for enhancing fluid dynamics and microsphere injectability |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818870A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-06-13 | 河池市技术开发中心 | A kind of kind stem inorganic agent of prevention cassava droop |
| CN111165277A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-19 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa |
| CN111165277B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-03-25 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa |
| CN114145202A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-08 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Cassava cultivation method |
| CN114145202B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-03-14 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Cassava cultivation method |
| CN116267559A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting flowering of cassava |
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Application publication date: 20150128 |