CN104429781B - A kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao - Google Patents
A kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao Download PDFInfo
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- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- IWDQPCIQCXRBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fenaminosulf Chemical compound [Na+].CN(C)C1=CC=C(N=NS([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 IWDQPCIQCXRBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CHNQZRKUZPNOOH-UHFFFAOYSA-J zinc;manganese(2+);n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[Zn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S CHNQZRKUZPNOOH-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CGIDKJRJBMFXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-n'-benzylpurine-6,6-diamine Chemical compound N1=CN=C2N=CN=C2C1(N)NCC1=CC=CC=C1 CGIDKJRJBMFXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012090 tissue culture technique Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The present invention discloses and a kind of adopts China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, by setting up the cutting orchard of specification, maternal plant is planted cultivation with the symmetrical 60-75 degree angle that oblique for trunk Kui face central authorities and ground formed of two row, maternal plant plant growth in 7-8 month stable after, in maternal plant 30-50cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, maternal plant trunk and ground is made to form 33-50 degree angle, maternal plant can not be damaged, maternal plant is independent of each other, illumination is reasonable, convenient management, maternal plant base portion is sprayed hormone simultaneously and carries out short sprouting, a large amount of high-quality and the consistent coppice shoot of specification can be obtained as cuttings, cultivate neat cuttage nursery stock, effectively improve seedling propagation coefficient simultaneously, present method does not need special seedling equipment, operation is simple, technical requirements is low, not only greatly save seedling cost and time, and carry out cultivating seedlings by cuttage vegetative manner, maintain the excellent inherited character of excellent China fir kind preferably, there are good economic, society and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, it relates to a kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao.
Background technology:
China fir (Cunninghamialanceolata) be under the jurisdiction of Taxodiaceae China fir and belong to, it is one of distinctive evergreen needle commerical tree species of China, also it is one of the main reproducting tree species in south China area. China fir has the cultivation history of more than 1,000 year in China, plays an important role in forest development, can be rated as southern china " king in wood ". China fir growth is fast, output height, distribution are wide, its wood quality gently tough, even structure, texture logical straight, be easy to processing, be not only good furniture woods, construction timber, be also excellent paper pulp material, enjoy liking of broad masses. China fir is as the main reproducting tree species of south China, and cultivated area constantly increases, and supply falls short of demand for breeding nursery stock, along with the propelling of China fir improved variety process, high-quality breeding strong sprout particularly choiceness nursery stock demand by increasing. Therefore, greatly developing Growing Seedling of China Fir technology, the market requirement meeting high quality seedling is one of major issue of facing at present.
Recent years, China Fir investigator does a lot of work in China fir asexual grow seedling technical study, such as CNl03875426A, plants the method promoting that China fir foundation is sprouted, select China fir foundation just north or direction, due south, directly insert a supporting lever apart from foundation horizontal throw 20-25cm place is hard; China fir trunk is slowly bent to supporting lever direction, until China fir trunk and ground form 20-30��Angle; The place's rope that intersects of China fir with supporting lever is tied up tightly; The China fir trunk portion cloth under sentencing that intersects is wound around l-2 circle; The nutrition thick l-2cm of soil is covered at China fir foundation place; Cut the coppice shoot getting China fir foundation place for vegetative propagation; The method can obtain the China fir explant (fringe bar) of high yield, high-quality, but maternal plant vertically to plant its press strip process required time longer, plant soil space needed for maternal plant with same direction simultaneously and more greatly and do not manage well and adopt fringe. The tissue culture technique of current China fir have also been obtained and develops on a large scale very much, has started the training industrialization nursery of China fir group in indivedual province. Although the training of China fir group has formed industrialization nursery, but its cost height, technical requirements is complicated, and up to the present tissue culture technology popularity is still not high, a lot of province still adopts the most traditional type of seeding nursery, and high-quality breeding nursery stock output still can not be met the need of market.
Tissue cultured seedling is adopted to be another kind asexual grow seedling method fast and efficiently except group training asexual grow seedling with seedling seedling-breeding method, the method is adopted to be possible not only to obtain higher breeding coefficient, and greatly shorten seedling raise period and save seedling cost, and can effectively maintain the excellent inherited character of superior families or clone, it is one of effective way solving current China fir seedling-wood breeding problem. The current not relevant patent of this technical scheme and the report of document.
Summary of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to for current China fir breeding nursery stock markets that supply falls short of demand, the practical situation that particularly breeding clone nursery stock is extremely in short supply, it is provided that a kind of breeding coefficient height, seedling raise period is short, seedling cost is cheap, good character is stable and the employing China fir tissue cultured seedling that is easy to promote the use of with the method for Miao Fanmiao.
The technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, comprise maternal plant selection, cutting orchard foundation, cutting orchard manager pay, nursery select with whole, adopt fringe and the operation such as cuttage, cuttage seeding management, it is characterized in that: taking China fir tissue cultured seedling as mother plant for cutting material, set up China fir cutting orchard, cutting orchard is carried on the work and manages, promote that maternal plant base portion budling sprouts, cut and get high-quality rudiment and carry out cutting propagation, obtaining a large amount of high-quality cuttage nursery stock, concrete operation steps is as follows:
(1) maternal plant is selected: select 1-2 raw, high-quality, without disease and pest China fir tissue cultured seedling as mother plant for cutting;
(2) cutting orchard set up: select sunny, not ponding but near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard garden ground, carry out planting with maternal plant wholely;
(3) cutting orchard operation and management: after mother plant for cutting is planted in step (2), optionally carry out watering and weeding according to a conventional method, regularly carry out spray medicine, fertilising, pruning, press strip, bud picking and foundation and urge to sprout;
(4) ground, nursery is selected with whole: select sunny, not ponding but near have the plot at water source as ground, cuttage nursery, nursery is carried out whole and routine disinfection processes;
(5) fringe and cuttage is adopted: getting high-quality coppice shoot as cuttings in cutting in 1-5 month and 10-12 month, cuttings, after root-growing agent ordinary method processes, is 8-10cm with seeding row spacing and carries out cuttage;
(6) cuttage seeding management: after tloig-cutlage, carry out daily administration according to cuttage seeding management process.
Comprising weeding wholely, dig waterways and building Kui face described in the foundation of above step (2) cutting orchard, waterways is 40-60cm around cutting orchard surrounding, Kui face width 1.0-1.2m, high 5-10cm, Kui and Kui spacing.
It is two row maternal plants of planting on each Kui face that maternal plant described in the foundation of above step (2) cutting orchard is planted, maternal plant line space is 60-80cm, strain spacing is 30-40cm, maternal plant is formed into 60-75 degree angle with the oblique Kui face central authorities of the symmetrical trunk of two row with ground and plants, and before planting, every strain maternal plant uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure.
Spray medicine described in above step (3) cutting orchard operation and management sprays conventional sterilant and sterilant, sterilant spraying method sprayed once every 20-30 days, various sterilization agent takes turns to use, and spraying concentration is determined according to the operation instruction of different sterilant, optionally sprays sterilant.
Fertilising described in above step (3) cutting orchard operation and management is applied fertilizer with dried human and animal excreta and liquid manure two kinds of modes, monthly respectively use composite fertilizer once, wherein: selected dried human and animal excreta to spread fertilizer over the fields before rainy day or rainy day arrive, composite fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields around maternal plant base portion, in the Season select dried human and animal excreta ditch spread that rainfall is less, groove is excavated outside often row maternal plant, fertilizer is evenly sprinkling upon in groove, then soil covering is returned, select to use liquid manure at arid season, drench around maternal plant base portion and execute composite fertilizer's liquid manure that concentration is 3-5%, the consumption of composite fertilizer is 30-50 kg/acre, irrigate in right amount after fertilising.
Pruning described in above step (3) cutting orchard operation and management be by liftoff for maternal plant mobile jib 20cm within branch wipe out; Described bud picking is erased at the rudiment of liftoff for maternal plant mobile jib more than 10cm; Described press strip be maternal plant plant growth in 7-8 month stable after, in maternal plant 30-50cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, makes maternal plant trunk and formation 33-50 degree angle, ground, maternal plant can not be damaged.
Foundation described in above step (3) cutting orchard operation and management is short to be sprouted is adopt concentration to be that 0.2-0.5mg/L6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) solution sprays the mobile jib within the liftoff 10cm of maternal plant and root position, promotes that budling sprouts.
Ground, above step (4) nursery is selected and comprising weeding wholely, dig waterways and building Kui face described in whole ground, and waterways is around ground, garden surrounding, and Kui face width 1.0-1.2m, high 15-25cm, lid layer yellow soil is covered in Kui face, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 40-60cm.
Above step (5) adopt cutting described in fringe and cuttage get high-quality coppice shoot be select length be 5-10cm, sturdy and without the coppice shoot of disease and pest, coppice shoot is cut as cuttings in most base position, length is greater than the coppice shoot of 10cm, cut part stem section again after being cut from the most base portion of maternal plant by coppice shoot, make the coppice shoot that length is 5-10cm length.
To be that cuttage is complete water and spray sterilant cuttage seeding management process described in the management of above step (6) cuttage seeding immediately, the shade net that lid obscurity is 80% is added after cuttage, water every day more than 2 times, spraying sterilant every 7-10 days once, various sterilization agent takes turns to use, after cuttage seedling root growth in 40-45 days is stable, liquid manure is executed once every 10-15 days, grow vigorous season nitrogenous fertilizer and composite fertilizer alternately use, optionally weeding, raised shade net after October.
Advantage and the positively effect of the present invention are as follows:
1. this employing China fir tissue cultured seedling is with the method for Miao Fanmiao, by setting up the cutting orchard of specification, maternal plant trunk and ground are formed to plant to Kui face central authorities 60-75 degree angle with two row symmetrical inclineds and carry out coppice shoot cultivation, until maternal plant plant growth in 7-8 month stable after, in maternal plant 30-50cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, maternal plant trunk and ground is made to form 33-50 degree angle, maternal plant can not be damaged, maternal plant is independent of each other, illumination is reasonable, convenient management, a large amount of high-quality and the consistent coppice shoot of specification can be obtained as cuttings, cultivate neat cuttage nursery stock, effectively improve seedling propagation coefficient simultaneously.
2. this employing China fir tissue cultured seedling is with the method for Miao Fanmiao, do not need special seedling equipment, its culture facility requires very simple, operation steps is simple simultaneously, technical requirements is low, not only greatly save seedling cost and time, and easily accepted by broad masses, be conducive to extensively promoting the use of.
3. this employing China fir tissue cultured seedling is with the method for Miao Fanmiao, carries out cultivating seedlings by cuttage vegetative manner, maintains the excellent inherited character of excellent China fir kind preferably, has good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: cutting orchard maternal plant is planted view.
Figure identifies: 1-garden Kui, 2-maternal plant, 3-cleek.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Select sunny, not ponding, near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard ground, on ground, garden, surrounding digs waterways, builds the Kui face of wide 1.0m, high 5-10cm, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 40cm, China fir high-quality tissue cultured seedling is selected to be mother plant for cutting February, maternal plant trunk and ground are formed 65-70 degree angle oblique Kui face central authorities plant, before planting, every strain uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure, maternal plant line space is 60cm, strain spacing is 40cm, maternal plant sprayed sterilant once every 20-30 days after planting, and took turns to use by sterilant such as derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitriles, monthly adopt composite fertilizer to be applied fertilizer by maternal plant, rainy day or rainy day arrive before carry out dried human and animal excreta and spread fertilizer over the fields, rainfall carries out dried human and animal excreta ditch spread at less season, and arid season uses liquid manure, and fertilising consumption is 30-50 kg/acre, monthly carry out bud picking process, October then, maternal plant is pruned and press strip process, press strip method is in maternal plant 40-45cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, make maternal plant trunk and ground form 40-45 degree angle, November, January next year maternal plant base section do not sprayed 0.2mg/L, 0.4mg/L6-benzyl aminoadenine solution simultaneously, the fringe bar of 5-10cm length is gathered March next year, fringe bar carries out cuttage after rooting treatment, cuttage seeding row spacing is 8-10cm, ground, cuttage nursery surrounding digs waterways, cuttage Kui face width 1.0cm, high 15cm, Kui face covers yellow soil, before cuttage, Kui face is carried out routine disinfection, distance between Kui Yukui is 40cm, water immediately after cuttage and spray sterilant and add the shade net that lid obscurity is 80%, every day optionally waters 2-3 time, sterilant is sprayed once every 7-10 days, by derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, the sterilant such as m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile take turns to use, cuttage starts fertilising after 40 days, every 10-15 days sealing fertilizer liquid manure once, optionally weeding, shade net is opened after Cold Dew, cuttage survival rate 86.5%.
Embodiment 2:
Select sunny, not ponding, near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard ground, on ground, garden, surrounding digs waterways, builds the Kui face of wide 1.2m, high 5-10cm, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 60cm, China fir high-quality tissue cultured seedling is selected to be mother plant for cutting February, maternal plant trunk and ground are formed 60-65 degree angle oblique Kui face central authorities plant, before planting, every strain uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure, maternal plant line space is 60cm, strain spacing is 40cm, maternal plant sprayed sterilant once every 20-30 days after planting, and took turns to use by sterilant such as derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitriles, monthly adopt composite fertilizer to be applied fertilizer by maternal plant, rainy day or rainy day arrive before carry out dried human and animal excreta and spread fertilizer over the fields, rainfall carries out dried human and animal excreta ditch spread at less season, and arid season uses liquid manure, and fertilising consumption is 30-50 kg/acre, monthly carry out bud picking process, October then, maternal plant is pruned and press strip process, press strip method is in maternal plant 45-50cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, make maternal plant trunk and ground form 33-38 degree angle, November, January next year maternal plant base section do not sprayed 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L6-benzyl aminoadenine solution simultaneously, the fringe bar of 5-10cm length is gathered March next year, fringe bar carries out cuttage after rooting treatment, cuttage seeding row spacing is 8-10cm, ground, cuttage nursery surrounding digs waterways, cuttage Kui face width 1.2cm, high 20cm, Kui face covers yellow soil, before cuttage, Kui face is carried out routine disinfection, distance between Kui Yukui is 60cm, water immediately after cuttage and spray sterilant and add the shade net that lid obscurity is 80%, every day optionally waters 2-3 time, sterilant is sprayed once every 7-10 days, by derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, the sterilant such as m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile take turns to use, cuttage starts fertilising after 45 days, every 10-15 days sealing fertilizer liquid manure once, optionally weeding, shade net is opened after October, cuttage survival rate 87.7%.
Embodiment 3:
Select sunny, not ponding, near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard ground, on ground, garden, surrounding digs waterways, builds the Kui face of wide 1.2m, high 5-10cm, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 60cm, China fir high-quality tissue cultured seedling is selected to be mother plant for cutting February, maternal plant trunk and ground are formed 65-70 degree angle oblique Kui face central authorities plant, before planting, every strain uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure, maternal plant line space is 80cm, strain spacing is 30cm, maternal plant sprayed sterilant once every 20-30 days after planting, and took turns to use by sterilant such as derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitriles, monthly adopt composite fertilizer to be applied fertilizer by maternal plant, rainy day or rainy day arrive before carry out dried human and animal excreta and spread fertilizer over the fields, rainfall carries out dried human and animal excreta ditch spread at less season, and arid season uses liquid manure, and fertilising consumption is 30-50 kg/acre, monthly carry out bud picking process, October then, maternal plant is pruned and press strip process, press strip method is in maternal plant 30-35cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, make maternal plant trunk and ground form 40-45 degree angle, it is 0.3mg/L6-benzyl aminoadenine solution November, January next year to maternal plant base portion spraying concentration simultaneously, the fringe bar of 5-10cm length is gathered April next year, fringe bar carries out cuttage after rooting treatment, cuttage seeding row spacing is 8-10cm, ground, cuttage nursery surrounding digs waterways, cuttage Kui face width 1.2cm, high 25cm, Kui face covers yellow soil, before cuttage, Kui face is carried out routine disinfection, distance between Kui Yukui is 60cm, water immediately after cuttage and spray sterilant and add the shade net that lid obscurity is 80%, every day optionally waters 2-3 time, sterilant is sprayed once every 7-10 days, by derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, the sterilant such as m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile take turns to use, cuttage starts fertilising after 45 days, every 10-15 days sealing fertilizer liquid manure once, optionally weeding, shade net is opened after October, cuttage survival rate 90.8%.
Embodiment 4:
Select sunny, not ponding, near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard ground, on ground, garden, surrounding digs waterways, builds the Kui face of wide 1.2m, high 5-10cm, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 60cm, China fir high-quality tissue cultured seedling is selected to be mother plant for cutting February, maternal plant trunk and ground are formed 60-65 degree angle oblique Kui face central authorities plant, before planting, every strain uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure, maternal plant line space is 80cm, strain spacing is 30cm, maternal plant sprayed sterilant once every 20-30 days after planting, and took turns to use by sterilant such as derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitriles, monthly adopt composite fertilizer to be applied fertilizer by maternal plant, rainy day or rainy day arrive before carry out dried human and animal excreta and spread fertilizer over the fields, rainfall carries out dried human and animal excreta ditch spread at less season, and arid season uses liquid manure, and fertilising consumption is 30-50 kg/acre, monthly carry out bud picking process, October then, maternal plant is pruned and press strip process, press strip method is in maternal plant 30-40cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, maternal plant trunk and ground is made to form 45-50 degree angle, November then, January next year, March, October and in January, the 3rd, March maternal plant base portion carried out 6 6-benzyl aminoadenine solution cutting handle simultaneously, front twice spraying concentration is 0.3mg/L, after 4 spraying concentrations be 0.4mg/L, the fringe article of 5-10cm length is gathered in April, the 3rd in, fringe bar carries out cuttage after rooting treatment, cuttage seeding row spacing is 8-10cm, ground, cuttage nursery surrounding digs waterways, cuttage Kui face width 1.2cm, high 25cm, Kui face covers yellow soil, before cuttage, Kui face is carried out routine disinfection, distance between Kui Yukui is 60cm, water immediately after cuttage and spray sterilant and add the shade net that lid obscurity is 80%, every day optionally waters 2-3 time, sterilant is sprayed once every 7-10 days, by derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, the sterilant such as m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile take turns to use, cuttage starts fertilising after 45 days, every 10-15 days sealing fertilizer liquid manure once, optionally weeding, shade net is opened after Cold Dew, cuttage survival rate 91.9%.
Claims (6)
1. one kind adopts China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, comprise maternal plant selection, cutting orchard foundation, cutting orchard manager pay, nursery select with whole, adopt fringe and the operation such as cuttage, cuttage seeding management, it is characterized in that: taking China fir tissue cultured seedling as mother plant for cutting material, set up China fir cutting orchard, cutting orchard is carried on the work and manages, promote that maternal plant base portion budling sprouts, cut and get high-quality rudiment and carry out cutting propagation, obtaining a large amount of high-quality cuttage nursery stock, concrete operation steps is as follows:
(1) maternal plant is selected: select 1-2 raw, high-quality, without disease and pest China fir tissue cultured seedling as mother plant for cutting;
(2) cutting orchard set up: select sunny, not ponding but near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard garden ground, carry out planting with maternal plant wholely;
(3) cutting orchard operation and management: after mother plant for cutting is planted in step (2), optionally carry out watering and weeding according to a conventional method, regularly carry out spray medicine, fertilising, pruning, press strip, bud picking and foundation and urge to sprout;
(4) ground, nursery is selected with whole: select sunny, not ponding but near have the plot at water source as ground, cuttage nursery, nursery is carried out whole and routine disinfection processes;
(5) fringe and cuttage is adopted: getting high-quality coppice shoot as cuttings in cutting in 1-5 month and 10-12 month, cuttings, after root-growing agent ordinary method processes, is 8-10cm with seeding row spacing and carries out cuttage;
(6) cuttage seeding management: after tloig-cutlage, carry out daily administration according to cuttage seeding management process;
Comprising weeding wholely, dig waterways and building Kui face described in the foundation of step (2) cutting orchard, waterways is 40-60cm around cutting orchard surrounding, Kui face width 1.0-1.2m, high 5-10cm, Kui and Kui spacing;
It is two row maternal plants of planting on each Kui face that maternal plant described in the foundation of step (2) cutting orchard is planted, maternal plant line space is 60-80cm, strain spacing is 30-40cm, maternal plant forms 60-75 degree angle with the oblique Kui face central authorities of the symmetrical trunk of two row with ground and plants, and before planting, every strain maternal plant uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure;
Fertilising described in step (3) cutting orchard operation and management is applied fertilizer with dried human and animal excreta and liquid manure two kinds of modes, monthly respectively use composite fertilizer once, wherein: selected dried human and animal excreta to spread fertilizer over the fields before rainy day or rainy day arrive, composite fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields around maternal plant base portion, in the Season select dried human and animal excreta ditch spread that rainfall is less, groove is excavated outside often row maternal plant, fertilizer is evenly sprinkling upon in groove, then soil covering is returned, select to use liquid manure at arid season, drench around maternal plant base portion and execute composite fertilizer's liquid manure that concentration is 3-5%, the consumption of composite fertilizer is 30-50 kg/acre, irrigate in right amount after fertilising,
Pruning described in step (3) cutting orchard operation and management be by liftoff for maternal plant mobile jib 20cm within branch wipe out; Described bud picking is erased at the rudiment of liftoff for maternal plant mobile jib more than 10cm; Described press strip be maternal plant plant growth in 7-8 month stable after, in maternal plant 30-50cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, makes maternal plant trunk and formation 33-50 degree angle, ground, maternal plant can not be damaged;
Step (5) adopt cutting described in fringe and cuttage get high-quality coppice shoot be select length be 5-10cm, sturdy and without the coppice shoot of disease and pest, coppice shoot is cut as cuttings in most base position, length is greater than the coppice shoot of 10cm, cut part stem section again after being cut from the most base portion of maternal plant by coppice shoot, make the coppice shoot that length is 5-10cm length.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, it is characterized in that: the spray medicine described in step (3) cutting orchard operation and management sprays conventional sterilant and sterilant, sterilant spraying method sprayed once every 20-30 days, various sterilization agent takes turns to use, spraying concentration is determined according to the operation instruction of different sterilant, optionally sprays sterilant.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, it is characterized in that: the foundation described in step (3) cutting orchard operation and management is short to be sprouted is adopt concentration to be that 0.2-0.5mg/L6-benzyl aminoadenine (6-BA) solution sprays the mobile jib within the liftoff 10cm of maternal plant and root position, promotes that budling sprouts.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, it is characterized in that: ground, step (4) nursery is selected and comprising weeding wholely, dig waterways and building Kui face described in whole ground, waterways is around ground, garden surrounding, Kui face width 1.0-1.2m, high 15-25cm, lid layer yellow soil is covered in Kui face, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 40-60cm.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, it is characterized in that: to be that cuttage is complete water and spray sterilant the cuttage seeding management process described in the management of step (6) cuttage seeding immediately, the shade net that lid obscurity is 80% is added after cuttage, water every day more than 2 times, sterilant is sprayed once every 7-10 days, various sterilization agent takes turns to use, after cuttage seedling root growth in 40-45 days is stable, liquid manure is executed once every 10-15 days, grow vigorous season nitrogenous fertilizer and composite fertilizer alternately use, optionally weeding, after October, shade net is raised.
6. one kind adopts China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao, it is characterised in that: select sunny, not ponding, near have the plot at water source as cutting orchard ground, on ground, garden, surrounding digs waterways, builds the Kui face of wide 1.2m, high 5-10cm, and the spacing of Kui Yukui is 60cm, China fir high-quality tissue cultured seedling is selected to be mother plant for cutting February, maternal plant trunk and ground are formed 60-65 degree angle oblique Kui face central authorities plant, before planting, every strain uses 40-50g composite fertilizer as base manure, maternal plant line space is 60cm, strain spacing is 40cm, maternal plant sprayed sterilant once every 20-30 days after planting, and took turns to use by sterilant such as derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitriles, monthly adopt composite fertilizer to be applied fertilizer by maternal plant, rainy day or rainy day arrive before carry out dried human and animal excreta and spread fertilizer over the fields, rainfall carries out dried human and animal excreta ditch spread at less season, and arid season uses liquid manure, and fertilising consumption is 30-50 kg/acre, monthly carry out bud picking process, October then, maternal plant is pruned and press strip process, press strip method is in maternal plant 45-50cm eminence, with cleek, the maternal plant of two row is carried out press strip to Kui face centre, make maternal plant trunk and ground form 33-38 degree angle, November, January next year maternal plant base section do not sprayed 0.3mg/L, 0.5mg/L6-benzyl aminoadenine solution simultaneously, the fringe bar of 5-10cm length is gathered March next year, fringe bar carries out cuttage after rooting treatment, cuttage seeding row spacing is 8-10cm, ground, cuttage nursery surrounding digs waterways, cuttage Kui face width 1.2cm, high 20cm, Kui face covers yellow soil, before cuttage, Kui face is carried out routine disinfection, distance between Kui Yukui is 60cm, water immediately after cuttage and spray sterilant and add the shade net that lid obscurity is 80%, every day optionally waters 2-3 time, sterilant is sprayed once every 7-10 days, by derosal, thiophanate methyl, fenaminosulf, zinc manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, the sterilant such as m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile take turns to use, cuttage starts fertilising after 45 days, every 10-15 days sealing fertilizer liquid manure once, optionally weeding, shade net is opened after October.
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