CN104956880A - Rapid propagation method for taxus media - Google Patents
Rapid propagation method for taxus media Download PDFInfo
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- CN104956880A CN104956880A CN201510329869.5A CN201510329869A CN104956880A CN 104956880 A CN104956880 A CN 104956880A CN 201510329869 A CN201510329869 A CN 201510329869A CN 104956880 A CN104956880 A CN 104956880A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid propagation method for taxus media. The method comprises the following steps that 1, seedling facilities and seedling beds are prepared; 2, induced liquid from the first induced liquid to the eleventh induced liquid is prepared; 3, humidity adjustment of the seedling beds is conducted; 4, propagation materials are prepared; 5, inoculation is conducted; 6, management after the inoculation is conducted, the illumination and the temperature are controlled, the moisture management, the ventilation management and the nutrient management are conducted, and the disease prevention and treatment is conducted; 7, seedling exercising is conducted, and seedlings are moved out of a nursery. According to the rapid propagation method for the taxus media, culturing is conducted for 22 days, when seedling is conducted from May to November, 70%-76% of the taxus media roots, and when seedling is conducted from December to April of a following year, 45%-50% of the taxus media roots; culturing is conducted for 30 days, when seedling is conducted from May to November, the rooting rate of the taxus media reaches 99%, and when seedling is conducted from December to April of a following year, the rooting rate of the taxus media reaches over 95%; after culturing is conducted for 40 days, use of nutrient solutions is stopped, and seedling exercising is conducted; when culturing is conducted for 60 days, the seedlings are moved out of the nursery after roots of the seedlings lignify.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of plant propagation, refer to a kind of quick Taxus mandia propagating method particularly.
Background technology
Chinese yew (Taxus chinese) has another name called Japanese yew, Chi Baisong, and belonging to taxaceae Taxus aiphyllium, is the ancient seeds of world's Precious, Rare, Endangered that quaternary glacier carries over, so far the history of existing 2,500,000 years.This rare tree species under field conditions (factors) growth rate is slow, and regeneration capacity is poor, so for a long time, has not also formed the Chinese yew raw material forestbase of advising greatly and touching in world wide.Totally 11 kinds, this platymiscium whole world, originates in the Northern Hemisphere, and only there are 4 kinds and 1 mutation in China.
Taxus x media (Taxus media) is the one in Chinese yew, within 1996, introduce a fine variety China from Canada, containing diterpene-kind compound taxol (Taxol in its tree, trade name paclitaxel) be all have one of native compound of significant curative effect to kinds cancers such as advanced ovarian cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancers, being described as " last line of defense of patient with advanced cancer ", is a kind of new drug having development prospect.Content of taxol wherein in Taxus x media is the highest in all Chinese yew seeds.The raw material of current taxol legitimate origin is very short, whole world Taxol Yield still can not the amount of satisfying the demands 10%.
Taxus x media fast growth, side root are flourishing, are one of economical seeds of the state key ecological construction engineering first-selections such as wildwood protected project project of conceding the land to forestry.
Taxus x media resource is very rare, and natural renovation is comparatively slow, at present also do not have one brand-new, have scientific and technological content, be convenient to again the Taxus x media breeding of method promoted simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide one to breed soon, survival rate is high, protecting field (greenhouse by solar heat) mating system more easily promoted---Taxus x media switch method for quickly breeding.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of quick Taxus mandia propagating method, carry out according to following steps:
(1), the preparation of culture facility and seedling bed:
Adopt the intelligent greenhouse by solar heat with automatic ventilation, cooling automatically, greenhouse by solar heat direction south-north direction, respectively has a ventilating opening in the middle part of two ends, north and south, and length is 35 meters, width is 26 meters, reserved one working path of wide 2 meters in the middle part of greenhouse by solar heat north-south, make some seedling beds with east-west direction, seedling bed length is 12 meters, wide 1.2 meters, high 0.1 meter, stay wide 0.4 meter of working path between seedling bed and seedling bed, seedling bed brick body is built into;
After seedling bed completes, will be totally pollution-free, the river sand of even thickness be laid on seedling bed, and the thickness of river sand tiling is 0.08 meter, and is sterilized by river sand layer with carbendazim 500 times or fenaminosulf 700 times of liquid, closes greenhouse with for subsequent use;
(2), the preparation of " induced liquid ";
No. 1, " induced liquid ":
Compound method: first dissolve IBA and NAA with the alcohol of 95%, form solution, 6-BA 1molL
_ 1hCl dissolve after, pour in IBA and NAA alcohol solvent soln, then add distilled water, after preparation, measure its pH value with acidometer, adjustment make the pH value of this solution be 6.0, if meta-acid 1molL
_ 1naOH regulates, if meta-alkali 1molL
_ 1hCl regulates;
No. 2, " induced liquid ":
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 320 ~ 365mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 3, " induced liquid ":
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1105 ~ 1220mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 4, " induced liquid ":
No. 5, " induced liquid ":
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1750 ~ 1835mg
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO
47H
2o) 320 ~ 385mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 6, " induced liquid ":
Copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 12 ~ 28mg
Manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 14.5 ~ 26.5mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 7, " induced liquid ":
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 155 ~ 220mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 8, " induced liquid ":
No. 9, " induced liquid ":
Calcium chloride (CaCl
22H
2o) 1450 ~ 1580mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 10, " induced liquid ":
Iron sulfate (FeSO
47H
2o) 35 ~ 65mg
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2-EDTA) 22 ~ 29mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 11, " induced liquid ":
Glycine (Gly) 2.95 ~ 3.35mg
Sucrose (C
2h
22o
11) 2250 ~ 2600mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
(3) humidity regulation of seedling bed;
Open the greenhouse by solar heat after sterilizing, exchange sunlight room air, regulate the humidity of seedling bed, keep river sand water content 40%, increase ventilation time when seedling bed water content is greater than 40%, be as the criterion until reach when river sand water content reaches 40%, pouring water when seedling bed water content reaches 40% to seedling bed when seedling bed water content is less than 40% is as the criterion, smooth husky bed, makes seedling bed soft ventilative;
(4) preparation of material is bred;
With the scissors after sterilization, the branch of Taxus x media is taken off from elite stand, take off branch and be soaked in 1000 times of carbendazols, take out after 4-6 minute, then soak in clear water and take out for subsequent use in 2-3 minute;
Cut with the blade after sterilization under the environment of shady and cool ventilation and for subsequent use breed material, the length that cuts of breeding material is more than 0.5cm, breed material to cut stem section otch be flat mouth, it is more than otch that the blade of 1/3rd is removed for subsequent use;
(5) inoculate;
By cut breed material to cut stem section otch quickly dipped in " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the quickly dipped time is 1-2 seconds, and dipping the degree of depth is cut stem section 1/3rd;
Be seeded on smooth seedling bed by the stem section that cuts after dipping, the inoculation degree of depth is cut stem section 1/3rd, and inoculum density is advisable so that blade is not overlapping;
After inoculation, with carbendazim 600 times of liquid spraying blade faces and seedling bed;
(6) postvaccinal management;
Illumination controls:
Inoculate the period in April-November, daytime carries out shading treatment, when illumination is strong, with 75% shading net shading, inoculation material has blade, and the illumination after shading treatment provides the blade on inoculation material to carry out photosynthesis, produces nutriment; The period is inoculated, when illumination is strong, with shading net shading or the not shading of less than 35% in December-March next year;
Temperature controls:
In 5-11 month, in greenhouse by solar heat, day temperature controls at 16-24 DEG C, control night at 10-22 DEG C, when temperature indoor temperature is higher than 24 DEG C, automatic spraying system in priming chamber, every 2 hours intermittent sprayings are once, each 30 seconds, open ventilating system and cooling system simultaneously, until when warm indoor temperature is down between 16-24 DEG C, back of the body formula sprayer can be adopted when culture facility does not reach or pull sprayer to seedbed mist cooling; When temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, no longer spray in seedbed, closes ventilating opening or intermittent ventilation, opens warming-up device; In December-April next year, in greenhouse by solar heat, day temperature controls at 12 DEG C-24 DEG C, controls night at 8 DEG C-16 DEG C;
Water management:
Electronic sensor is adopted to gather cuttings blade face and seedling bed moisture and humidity, and transfer in calculator, calculator controls whole year production middle period colourless sky and keeps spray water, when intensity of sunshine and temperature exceed setting value, calculator controls spraying apparatus spraying, ensure that cuttings not dehydration before taking root divides, also ensure that seedling bed does not produce seeping phenomenon because water spray number of times increases, remain on 5-11 month nursery, seedbed humidity remains on water content 40%, temperature indoor air humidity remains on more than 95%, in December-nursery in April next year, seedbed humidity remains on water content 40%, temperature indoor air humidity remains on 85%-95%,
Ventilating management:
When temperature exceeds setting value, adopt automatic ventilation system to ventilate, and coordinate cooling, when temperature is lower than setting value, intermittent ventilation, ventilates and greenhouse inner air and outer air is exchanged, strengthen oxygen and carbonic acid gas, be beneficial to the photosynthesis strengthening cuttings, reduce the generation of damage by disease and insect;
Nutrient management:
From No. 2, " induced liquid " to No. 11, " induced liquid ", according to use 4 times, amount to 40 days, each nutrient solution was with one day, and time of application is the last spray time of every day, blade No drip type during spraying;
Disease control:
After having inoculated, carry out once sterilizing sterilizing weekly, spray 1 800 times of carbendazim liquid after stop-spraying mist in the afternoon, to prevent the generation of rot, in daily management, keep the sanitation and hygiene in seedbed, in time fallen leaves or the cuttings of dying are disposed;
(7) hardening and go out garden;
Through the cultivation of 22 days, May-nursery in November, namely have the Taxus x media of 70%-76% to take root, in December-nursery in April next year, the Taxus x media of 45%-5% is namely had to take root, through the cultivation of 30 days, May-nursery in November, Taxus x media rooting rate reaches 99%; In December-nursery in April next year, Taxus x media rooting rate reaches more than 95%; After 40 days, stop using nutrient solution, carry out hardening, during by the 60th day, after seedling root lignification, go out garden.
Preferably, in " induced liquid " described in technique scheme No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 325 ~ 356mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1125 ~ 1205mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1765 ~ 1820mg
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO
47H
2o) 330 ~ 365mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 14 ~ 24mg
Manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 17.5 ~ 25mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 170 ~ 215mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Calcium chloride (CaCl
22H
2o) 1480 ~ 1565mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Iron sulfate (FeSO
47H
2o) 42 ~ 60mg
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2-EDTA) 23 ~ 28mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Glycine (Gly) 3 ~ 3.25mg
Sucrose (C
2h
22o
11) 2350 ~ 2540mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml.
Preferably, in " induced liquid " described in technique scheme No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 340mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1180mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1780mg
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO
47H
2o) 350mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 20mg
Manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 22mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 190mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Calcium chloride (CaCl
22H
2o) 1520mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Iron sulfate (FeSO
47H
2o) 55mg
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2-EDTA) 25mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Glycine (Gly) 3.2mg
Sucrose (C
2h
22o
11) 2450mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml.
The present invention is from 2011 to 2015 by the research of 4 years, and investigated Taxus x media and breed the fastest, survival rate is the highest, protecting field (greenhouse by solar heat) mating system more easily promoted---Taxus x media switch method for quickly breeding.
Research and development and pilot-scale experiment show: the present invention's " Taxus x media switch method for quickly breeding " is the important breakthrough to existing Chinese yew breeding field, is a revolution in plant vegetative propagation field.This technology is compared with other seedling growing process, its innovation point is embodied in: (1), induction plant take root, break up and cultivate in fast numerous process, " induced liquid " developed voluntarily is utilized to process material cut and surrounding tissue cells thereof, ensure that Chinese yew Rapid Rooting, growth, shorten seedling, hardening time.Generally took root at about 22 days.And tissue cultures needs just to take root for about 60 days; After the root-inducing powder process such as normal cutting propagation ABT, within about 180 days, just take root, and rooting rate is low.(2), to breed material little, and one-time investment is few, expands numerous cost lower than normal cutting propagation by more than 65%.(3), this technology without the need to special sterilization program, is easily promoted in the production process of the whole year.(4), rootage duration is fast, and survival rate is high, and the whole year all can produce.Through the cultivation of 22 days, May-nursery in November, namely have the Taxus x media of about 70% to take root, in December-nursery in April next year, namely have the Taxus x media of about 45% to take root.Through the cultivation of 30 days, May-nursery in November, rooting rate can reach 99%.In December-nursery in April next year, rooting rate can reach more than 95%.After 40 days, can carry out hardening, after the 60th day, seedling root lignification, can go out garden.
Patent of the present invention and other technology existing (test tube tissue culture, all-optical cutting method, cuttage method) advance contrast and technical parameter as following table:
The present invention through the cultivation of 22 days, May-nursery in November, namely have the Taxus x media of about 70% to take root, in December-nursery in April next year, namely have the Taxus x media of about 45% to take root.Through the cultivation of 30 days, May-nursery in November, rooting rate can reach 99%.In December-nursery in April next year, rooting rate can reach more than 95%.After 40 days, stop using nutrient solution, can hardening be carried out.During by the 60th day, seedling root lignification, can go out garden.
Embodiment
Be below EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail:
Embodiment one:
Experiment material: Taxus x media;
Material provides unit: the large comfortable ecological agriculture Co., Ltd of Xiaogan City;
Experiment place: Xiaogan City large comfortable ecological agriculture Co., Ltd Experimental Base;
Inoculation stem hop count: 10000 (individual);
Inoculation time: on July 18th, 2014
(1), the preparation of culture facility and seedling bed;
A: the present embodiment carries out in intelligent greenhouse by solar heat, has the basic facilities such as ventilation, automatically cooling.Direction, greenhouse and length are 35 meters, north and south, and wide is 26 meters, respectively has a ventilating opening in the middle part of two ends, north and south, reserved one working path of wide 2 meters in the middle part of north-south.Make seedling bed with east-west direction, seedbed length is 12 meters, wide 1.2 meters, high 0.1 meter.Leave wide 0.4 meter of working path between seedbed and seedbed, seedbed brick body is built into.
B: after completing as bed, be laid on seedbed by river sand (totally pollution-free, thickness), thickness is 0.08 meter, and is sterilized by sand bed with carbendazim 500 times of liquid, closes greenhouse with for subsequent use.
(2), the preparation of " induced liquid ";
A: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
B: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 340mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
C: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1180mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
D: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
E: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
KNO
3(potassium nitrate) 1780mg
MgSO
47H
2o (magnesium sulfate) 350mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
F: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
CuSO
45H
2o (copper sulphate) 20mg
MnSO
44H
2o (manganese sulphate) 22mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
G: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
ZnSO
47H
2o (zinc sulphate) 190mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
H: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
I: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
CaCl
22H
2o (calcium chloride) 1520mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
J: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
FeSO
47H
2o (iron sulfate) 55mg
Na
2-EDTA (disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate) 25mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
K: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Gly (glycine) 3.2mg
C
2h
22o
11(sucrose) 2450mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
(3) humidity regulation of seedling bed;
Open the greenhouse by solar heat after sterilizing, exchange warm room air, regulate seedling bed humidity, river sand water content is kept to be advisable 40%, seedbed water content increases ventilation time when being greater than 40%, until be as the criterion when reaching requirement, when seedbed water content is less than 40%, poured water to when seedbed water content reaches 40% in seedbed and be as the criterion.Smooth husky bed, requires soft ventilative.
(4) preparation of material is bred;
Taken off from elite stand by the branch of Taxus x media with the scissors after sterilization, the elite stand age is 5 years, and branch clip position is not limit.The branch for subsequent use taken off is soaked in 1000 times of carbendazols and takes out after 5 minutes, then soaks in clear water and takes out for subsequent use in 2 minutes.
Cut with the blade after sterilization under the environment of shady and cool ventilation and for subsequent use breed material, cutting length is 1cm, and stem section otch is flat mouth, and more than otch 1/3rd blades are removed for subsequent use.
(5) inoculate;
By quickly dipped in " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid for the stem section lower cut cut, the quickly dipped time is 1-2 seconds, dip that the degree of depth is stem section 1/3rd.
Be seeded on smooth seedling bed immediately by the stem section after dipping, the inoculation degree of depth is 1/3rd of stem section.Inoculum density is advisable so that blade is not overlapping.
Inoculate complete, with carbendazim 600 times of liquid spraying blade faces and seedling bed.
(6) postvaccinal management;
Illumination controls:
Inoculation seedling produces during shading mainly concentrate at 11 in the morning to 2 pm according to the intensity 75% shading net shading of illumination daytime.Non-shading in evening.
Temperature controls:
Day temperature controls at 16-24 DEG C, and night controls at 10-22 DEG C.
Water management:
The present embodiment adopts artificial spray method, and daytime generally keeps spray water, and not requirement at night does not produce seeping phenomenon.
Ventilating management:
The present embodiment adopts automatic ventilation system, and coordinates cooling (during higher than 24 DEG C), and when temperature is too low, (lower than 10 DEG C) close canopy mouth, according to actual conditions intermittent ventilation.
Nutrient management:
The present embodiment uses 4 times from No. 2, " induced liquid " successively to No. 11, " induced liquid " in process of production, and amount to 40 days, each nutrient solution was with one day, and time of application is the last spray time of every day.
Disease control:
Once sterilizing sterilizing is carried out weekly, generally spray 1 800 times of carbendazim liquid after stop-spraying mist in the afternoon after having inoculated.
(7) experimental result;
The present embodiment, through the cultivation of 22 days, August 10, about has 7100 strains to take root.August 18, cuttings was all taken root, and rooting rate reaches 100%.September 18, seedling root lignification, and have rudiment.
Embodiment two:
Experiment material: Taxus x media;
Material provides unit: the large comfortable ecological agriculture Co., Ltd of Xiaogan City;
Experiment place: Xiaogan City large comfortable ecological agriculture Co., Ltd Experimental Base;
Inoculation stem hop count: 10000 (individual);
Inoculation time: on July 18th, 2014
Every preparation in the present embodiment and seedling management method are all consistent with embodiment one, unlike induced liquid " preparation raw material weight ratio different, details is as follows:
A: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
B: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) 325mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
C: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) 1125mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
D: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
E: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
KNO
3(potassium nitrate) 1765mg
MgSO
47H
2o (magnesium sulfate) 330mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
F: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
CuSO
45H
2o (copper sulphate) 14mg
MnSO
44H
2o (manganese sulphate) 17.5mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
G: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
ZnSO
47H
2o (zinc sulphate) 170mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
H: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
I: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
CaCl
22H
2o (calcium chloride) 1480mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
J: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
FeSO
47H
2o (iron sulfate) 42mg
Na
2-EDTA (disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate) 23mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
K: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Gly (glycine) 3mg
C
2h
22o
11(sucrose) 2350mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
Experimental result:
The present embodiment, through the cultivation of 22 days, August 10, about has 4520 strains to take root.August 18, about have 6800 strains to take root, rooting rate is 68%.September 18, rooting rate is 75%, part seedling root lignification, rare rudiment.
Embodiment three:
Experiment material: Taxus x media;
Material provides unit: the large comfortable ecological agriculture Co., Ltd of Xiaogan City;
Experiment place: Xiaogan City large comfortable ecological agriculture Co., Ltd Experimental Base;
Inoculation stem hop count: 10000 (individual);
Inoculation time: on July 18th, 2014
Every preparation in the present embodiment and seedling management method are all consistent with embodiment one, unlike induced liquid " preparation raw material weight ratio different, details is as follows:
A: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
B: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) 356mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
C: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) 1205mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
D: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
E: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
KNO
3(potassium nitrate) 1820mg
MgSO
47H
2o (magnesium sulfate) 365mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
F: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
CuSO
45H
2o (copper sulphate) 24mg
MnSO
44H
2o (manganese sulphate) 25mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
G: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
ZnSO
47H
2o (zinc sulphate) 215mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
H: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
I: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
CaCl
22H
2o (calcium chloride) 1565mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
J: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
FeSO
47H
2o (iron sulfate) 60mg
Na
2-EDTA (disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate) 28mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
K: in the present embodiment, in " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Gly (glycine) 3.25mg
C
2h
22o
11(sucrose) 2540mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
Experimental result:
The present embodiment, through the cultivation of 22 days, August 10, about has 5350 strains to take root.August 18, about have 7400 strains to take root, rooting rate is 74%.September 18, rooting rate is 82%, part seedling root lignification, rare rudiment.
By contrast experiment, its result shows:
(1) the Taxus x media seedling that produces of the present invention, the time fast (only needing 22 days), survival rate high (rooting rate can reach 100%), in the current same industry, other technology cannot compare.
(2) the present invention may be used for the Fast-propagation of other kind of Chinese yew simultaneously, and the configuration proportion unlike its " induced liquid " is different.
(3) the Taxus x media cycle is produced with the present invention short; general only need can go out garden in 60 days, in the short period of time, can obtain a large amount of Taxus x media seedlings; to protection China taxus resource, development Chinese yew related industry has very important effect.
(4) the present invention is brand-new Taxus x media protecting field (greenhouse by solar heat) method for quickly breeding, has huge technological progress.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a quick Taxus mandia propagating method, is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
(1), the preparation of culture facility and seedling bed:
Adopt the intelligent greenhouse by solar heat with automatic ventilation, cooling automatically, greenhouse by solar heat direction south-north direction, respectively has a ventilating opening in the middle part of two ends, north and south, and length is 35 meters, width is 26 meters, reserved one working path of wide 2 meters in the middle part of greenhouse by solar heat north-south, make some seedling beds with east-west direction, seedling bed length is 12 meters, wide 1.2 meters, high 0.1 meter, stay wide 0.4 meter of working path between seedling bed and seedling bed, seedling bed brick body is built into;
After seedling bed completes, will be totally pollution-free, the river sand of even thickness be laid on seedling bed, and the thickness of river sand tiling is 0.08 meter, and is sterilized by river sand layer with carbendazim 500 times or fenaminosulf 700 times of liquid, closes greenhouse with for subsequent use;
(2), the preparation of " induced liquid ";
No. 1, " induced liquid ":
Compound method: first dissolve IBA and NAA with the alcohol of 95%, form solution, 6-BA 1molL
_ 1hCl dissolve after, pour in IBA and NAA alcohol solvent soln, then add distilled water, after preparation, measure its pH value with acidometer, adjustment make the pH value of this solution be 6.0, if meta-acid 1molL
_ 1naOH regulates, if meta-alkali 1molL
_ 1hCl regulates;
No. 2, " induced liquid ":
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 320 ~ 365mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 3, " induced liquid ":
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1105 ~ 1220mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 4, " induced liquid ":
No. 5, " induced liquid ":
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1750 ~ 1835mg
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO
47H
2o) 320 ~ 385mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 6, " induced liquid ":
Copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 12 ~ 28mg
Manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 14.5 ~ 26.5mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 7, " induced liquid ":
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 155 ~ 220mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 8, " induced liquid ":
No. 9, " induced liquid ":
Calcium chloride (CaCl
22H
2o) 1450 ~ 1580mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 10, " induced liquid ":
Iron sulfate (FeSO
47H
2o) 35 ~ 65mg
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2-EDTA) 22 ~ 29mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
No. 11, " induced liquid ":
Glycine (Gly) 2.95 ~ 3.35mg
Sucrose (C
2h
22o
11) 2250 ~ 2600mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
(3) humidity regulation of seedling bed;
Open the greenhouse by solar heat after sterilizing, exchange sunlight room air, regulate the humidity of seedling bed, keep river sand water content 40%, increase ventilation time when seedling bed water content is greater than 40%, be as the criterion until reach when river sand water content reaches 40%, pouring water when seedling bed water content reaches 40% to seedling bed when seedling bed water content is less than 40% is as the criterion, smooth husky bed, makes seedling bed soft ventilative;
(4) preparation of material is bred;
With the scissors after sterilization, the branch of Taxus x media is taken off from elite stand, take off branch and be soaked in 1000 times of carbendazols, take out after 4-6 minute, then soak in clear water and take out for subsequent use in 2-3 minute;
Cut with the blade after sterilization under the environment of shady and cool ventilation and for subsequent use breed material, the length that cuts of breeding material is more than 0.5cm, breed material to cut stem section otch be flat mouth, it is more than otch that the blade of 1/3rd is removed for subsequent use;
(5) inoculate;
By cut breed material to cut stem section otch quickly dipped in " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the quickly dipped time is 1-2 seconds, and dipping the degree of depth is cut stem section 1/3rd;
Be seeded on smooth seedling bed by the stem section that cuts after dipping, the inoculation degree of depth is cut stem section 1/3rd, and inoculum density is advisable so that blade is not overlapping;
After inoculation, with carbendazim 600 times of liquid spraying blade faces and seedling bed;
(6) postvaccinal management;
Illumination controls:
Inoculate the period in April-November, daytime carries out shading treatment, when illumination is strong, with 75% shading net shading, inoculation material has blade, and the illumination after shading treatment provides the blade on inoculation material to carry out photosynthesis, produces nutriment; The period is inoculated, when illumination is strong, with shading net shading or the not shading of less than 35% in December-March next year;
Temperature controls:
In 5-11 month, in greenhouse by solar heat, day temperature controls at 16-24 DEG C, control night at 10-22 DEG C, when temperature indoor temperature is higher than 24 DEG C, automatic spraying system in priming chamber, every 2 hours intermittent sprayings are once, each 30 seconds, open ventilating system and cooling system simultaneously, until when warm indoor temperature is down between 16-24 DEG C, back of the body formula sprayer can be adopted when culture facility does not reach or pull sprayer to seedbed mist cooling; When temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, no longer spray in seedbed, closes ventilating opening or intermittent ventilation, opens warming-up device; In December-April next year, in greenhouse by solar heat, day temperature controls at 12 DEG C-24 DEG C, controls night at 8 DEG C-16 DEG C;
Water management:
Electronic sensor is adopted to gather cuttings blade face and seedling bed moisture and humidity, and transfer in calculator, calculator controls whole year production middle period colourless sky and keeps spray water, when intensity of sunshine and temperature exceed setting value, calculator controls spraying apparatus spraying, ensure that cuttings not dehydration before taking root divides, also ensure that seedling bed does not produce seeping phenomenon because water spray number of times increases, remain on 5-11 month nursery, seedbed humidity remains on water content 40%, temperature indoor air humidity remains on more than 95%, in December-nursery in April next year, seedbed humidity remains on water content 40%, temperature indoor air humidity remains on 85%-95%,
Ventilating management:
When temperature exceeds setting value, adopt automatic ventilation system to ventilate, and coordinate cooling, when temperature is lower than setting value, intermittent ventilation, ventilates and greenhouse inner air and outer air is exchanged, strengthen oxygen and carbonic acid gas, be beneficial to the photosynthesis strengthening cuttings, reduce the generation of damage by disease and insect;
Nutrient management:
From No. 2, " induced liquid " to No. 11, " induced liquid ", according to use 4 times, amount to 40 days, each nutrient solution was with one day, and time of application is the last spray time of every day, blade No drip type during spraying;
Disease control:
After having inoculated, carry out once sterilizing sterilizing weekly, spray 1 800 times of carbendazim liquid after stop-spraying mist in the afternoon, to prevent the generation of rot, in daily management, keep the sanitation and hygiene in seedbed, in time fallen leaves or the cuttings of dying are disposed;
(7) hardening and go out garden;
Through the cultivation of 22 days, May-nursery in November, namely have the Taxus x media of 70%-76% to take root, in December-nursery in April next year, the Taxus x media of 45%-5% is namely had to take root, through the cultivation of 30 days, May-nursery in November, Taxus x media rooting rate reaches 99%; In December-nursery in April next year, Taxus x media rooting rate reaches more than 95%; After 40 days, stop using nutrient solution, carry out hardening, during by the 60th day, after seedling root lignification, go out garden.
2. quick Taxus mandia propagating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In described " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 325 ~ 356mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1125 ~ 1205mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1765 ~ 1820mg
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO
47H
2o) 330 ~ 365mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 14 ~ 24mg
Manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 17.5 ~ 25mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 170 ~ 215mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Calcium chloride (CaCl
22H
2o) 1480 ~ 1565mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Iron sulfate (FeSO
47H
2o) 42 ~ 60mg
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2-EDTA) 23 ~ 28mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Glycine (Gly) 3 ~ 3.25mg
Sucrose (C
2h
22o
11) 2350 ~ 2540mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml.
3. quick Taxus mandia propagating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In described " induced liquid " No. 1 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 2 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH
2pO
4) 340mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 3 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3) 1180mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 4 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 5 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Potassium nitrate (KNO
3) 1780mg
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO
47H
2o) 350mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 6 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Copper sulphate (CuSO
45H
2o) 20mg
Manganese sulphate (MnSO
44H
2o) 22mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 7 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Zinc sulphate (ZnSO
47H
2o) 190mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 8 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
In described " induced liquid " No. 9 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Calcium chloride (CaCl
22H
2o) 1520mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 10 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Iron sulfate (FeSO
47H
2o) 55mg
Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2-EDTA) 25mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml
In described " induced liquid " No. 11 liquid, the weight proportion of each raw material is:
Glycine (Gly) 3.2mg
Sucrose (C
2h
22o
11) 2450mg
Distilled water adds to 1000ml.
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