CN103650818A - Standing frame cultivation method of anthurium cut flowers - Google Patents

Standing frame cultivation method of anthurium cut flowers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103650818A
CN103650818A CN201210356194.XA CN201210356194A CN103650818A CN 103650818 A CN103650818 A CN 103650818A CN 201210356194 A CN201210356194 A CN 201210356194A CN 103650818 A CN103650818 A CN 103650818A
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liquid
management
flower
cut
disease
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赵才标
顾俊杰
王晖
魏家骏
莫辞劳
杨柳燕
陈玉岚
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SHANGHAI FLOWER PORT ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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SHANGHAI FLOWER PORT ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Abstract

The invention discloses a standing frame cultivation method of anthurium cut flowers. The standing frame cultivation method of the anthurium cut flowers includes construction of a flower pot frame, matrix selection, cultivation management including temperature management, humidity management, moisture management and manure management, pest control and harvesting of the cut flowers. The flower pot frame is composed of a support inserted in the ground and a plurality of round steel bars arranged on the support. Anthurium is planted in a flower pot, and then the flower pot is placed on the flower pot frame which is arranged 0.5-0.7m higher than the ground. According to the standing frame cultivation method of the anthurium cut flowers, plant diseases and insect pests are effectively prevented from spreading through soil media, ventilation of plant roots is increased, usage amount of matrixes is reduced, quantitative control of nutrition and moisture is achieved for a single pot, and simultaneously pruning, replacement and cultivation are facilitated. Furthermore, stability and uniformity of quality of the anthurium cut flowers are greatly improved, and large scale production is achieved.

Description

A kind of stand cultivation method of red palm cut-flower
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stand cultivation method of red palm cut-flower, platymiscium cultivation field.
Background technology
The red palm (Anthurium andraeanum), another name fancy candles lit in the bridal chamber at wedding, An Zuhua, be Araeceae perennial evergreen herbage flower.Originate in the cheuch area of South America tropical rain forest humidity, half the moon, warm wet and well-drained environment of property happiness, is afraid of that arid and high light is exposed to the sun more.Its suitable growth temperature in daytime is 26-32 ℃, and night, temperature was 21-32 ℃; The patient highest temperature is 35 ℃, and endurable low temperature is 14 ℃.Light intensity is advisable with 16000-20000lx, and relative air humidity (RH) be take 70%-80% as good.Tool fleshy root, acaulescence, leaf is extracted out from rhizome, tool long handle, Dan Sheng, heart, emerald green, vein depression.Flower armpit is raw, and spathe wax is positive circular to oval, the multiple colors such as cerise, orange red yellowish pink, white, pale green, purple, and spadix, cylindric, upright.The four seasons can bloom, and are one of ten most popular large cut-flowers of the world.
Red palm starts to introduce China when nineteen eighty-three is gone to the capital to hold flower show by Holland.Early 1990s, is used as rare flowers and introduces China and make Adaptive planting, and the intermediary and later stages nineties enter commercialization plantation.Enter 21 century, living standards of the people improve, and flower industry emerges, and the impact that constantly heated up by International Tropical flowers market, the domestic large-scale planting that started.Along with the consumption transformation of fashion and the enhancing of national purchasing power, the demand of social centering top grade flower strengthens, and has stimulated the production-scale expansion of the red palm.There is larger area cultivation on the ground such as China Hainan, Guangdong, Hunan, Hebei.Early 1990s, there is large-scale red palm production base in the ground such as Beijing, Tianjin, Xiamen, Hainan and Guangdong.
At present, the domestic red palm be take facility cultivation as main, other areas except Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong all adopt glass greenhouse cultivation, three kinds of modes such as main employing bed is planted, groove is planted and potted plant, with high-density planting, increase the yield per unit area, and plant bottom ventilation and penetrating light is bad, and a little less than growth potential, damage by disease and insect harm is more serious; Bed is planted and groove is planted mode (referring to Fig. 1), and matrix usage amount is larger, and by soilborne disease, particularly soil nematodes morbidity is quite serious.In market sale, fresh cut-flowers be take as main in Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Chongqing, and potted flower be take as main in other areas.Yield poorly, poor quality, damage by disease and insect is serious, input-output ratio is low and production technology backwardness is the Tough questions that the restriction Chinese red palm is produced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of stand cultivation method of red palm cut-flower, uses separately that bed is planted, groove is planted in producing, potted plant cultivation mode to change current red palm cut-flower.The present invention forms jardiniere by the round steel on angle bar welding support and support, the red palm is planted in flowerpot, be positioned on the support of 0.5m-0.7m overhead, can effectively block damage by disease and insect propagates mutually by soil media, increasing plant base portion ventilates, reduce matrix usage amount, realize and single basin is carried out to nutrient water quantitatively control, also facilitate pruning, replacing and maintenance simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions.
The stand cultivation method of described red palm cut-flower, comprises that jardiniere is set up, matrix selection, cultivation management (temperature, humidity, moisture, fertilizer management), the extermination of disease and insect pest, cut-flower gather; Concrete implementation step is as follows:
1) basic facilities condition: modernization glass greenhouse, there is blower fan-cascade cooling system, inside and outside sunshading and thermal insulating system, pipeline heating system, spraying humidification system, irrigation system, the envirment factor (this greenhouse is commercially available prod) such as the temperature in can manual adjustment greenhouse, humidity, illumination.
2) jardiniere is set up: the jardiniere of setting up the red palm cut-flower of the distinctive cultivation of the present invention to use in above-mentioned modernization glass greenhouse, described jardiniere is comprised of many round bars that insert the support in ground and be fixed on support, interval L, e, L, e successively between round bar and round bar ... distance, wherein the width of L is greater than the width of e, but be less than flowerpot surface diameter, is greater than flowerpot base diameter.Described support is made ∏ type structure by three angle bar welding, and processes through galvanizing.Each jardiniere is at least established 2 supports.
3) plantation:
1. seedling is selected: plant height 20-25 centimetre health, without the potted plant seedling of the red palm of damage by disease and insect, robust growth.
2. basin device is selected: plastic flowerpot, and domestic, before use, need 1000 times of potassium permanganate to soak 15min sterilization.
3. cultivation matrix: use the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlitic mixed-matrix, the two volume ratio is 6-7: 3-4, the pH=5.5-6.5 of matrix, EC value is lower than 0.5mS/cm.The peat composed of rotten mosses is preferably import (as Denmark Pin Shi board), and more domestic pH value stabilization, salinity is low, proterties is consistent, and fibre length is greater than 40 millimeters.Mixed-matrix need be disinfected, i.e. fumigation under 121 ℃ of high temperature.
4. field planting: plant 1 strain seedling in each flowerpot, seedling will be planted in the centre of basin during field planting, and make growing point and following leaflet expose stromal surface.After field planting, spray in time 3000 times of liquid of streptomycin sulphate and tpn 800-1000 times liquid, prevent the generation of wound infection and other disease.Front 20-30d after field planting is not used any nutrition liquid irrigation, adopts artificial water spray every day or sprays with spraying system.Day temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃, evening 20 ℃ of left and right, illumination below 5000Lux, relative moisture 70-80%.
4) daily management
1. temperature and humidity management: general day temperature can 20-30 ℃, and humidity is between 70%-80%; Nocturnal temperature 18-20 ℃, humidity is in 75%-85% left and right.Can use blower fan-cascade cooling humidification summer, use in winter heating system is heated.
2. illumination management: intensity of illumination 15000-20000lx left and right covers 75% illumination when fine day, and maximum intensity of illumination should be less than 25000lx, morning, dusk or overcast and rainy without shading.
3. water and fertilizer management: fertilizer potted anthurium andraeanum special fertilizer, comprise the fertile and B fertile (referring to following table 1) of A, first dilute after 600-1000 times of liquid A is fertile, after the fertile all dissolvings of A, add again B fertile, make EC value be controlled at 1.0-1.5 left and right, pH value is at 5.5-6.0, and Seedling Stage strengthens extension rate.Autumn, general 7-10d was 1 cycle, and summer, 5-7d was 1 cycle, a water, and disposable fertilizer, can water water 1 time more when temperature is high; Winter, general 10-15d watered rich water 1 time.The water of this process is collected rainwater in the rainwater recycle facility be furnished with of booth.
The red palm special fertilizer of table 1 (100 times of mother liquors)
5) extermination of disease and insect pest
1. disease: mainly contain root rot, bacterialo wilt disease, anthracnose etc.Root rot can be made every effort to overcome the control of 800-1000 times of liquid irrigating root with general; Bacterialo wilt disease can be prevented and treated by 800 times of liquid of periodically sprinkle agricultural streptomycin; Anthracnose can be sprayed 500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 800 times of liquid of mancozeb etc.
2. insect pest: mainly contain aphid, thrips etc.Aphid can prevent and treat with 1500 times of liquid of Imidacloprid, 1500 times of liquid spraying controls of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for thrips.
6) cut-flower is gathered
After the bract of flower is opened completely, spadix lower end has 2/3 variable color to gather, while gathering, with scissors, spray is cut from the about 3cm of base portion, after cutting, spray is put in the Plastic Drum that fills clear water immediately, then carry out bagging, classification, packing, sale.After picking flowers the agricultural streptomycin of available 1000 times spray, sterilizing.During cut-flower, to note the sterilization of cut-flower instrument, to avoid the infection of virus between different plants.
Beneficial effect:
The stand method for potted of red palm cut-flower of the present invention, innovates and invents for the planting patterns of existing red palm cut-flower, and design specialized jardiniere carries out the cultivation of red palm cut-flower, has realized red palm greenhouse scale stand cultivation, and operation is very easy.Plant bottom air permeability is good; overcome the shortcoming of red palm planting type in the past; can also effectively control planting density; save matrix usage amount and liquid manure usage amount; increase the ventilation and penetrating light between plant, strengthen growth potential and the disease resistance of plant, reduce damage by disease and insect and occur; and greatly improved stability and the regularity of red palm fresh cut-flowers quality, realized large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that existing groove carries mode jardiniere.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stand cultivation mode jardiniere of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the jardiniere that the present invention is placed with flowerpot.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but described embodiment does not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, the jardiniere of using for the red palm cut-flower of the custom-designed cultivation of the present invention, described jardiniere forms by inserting the support 1 in ground and the many round bars 2 that are fixed on support, interval L, e, L, e successively between round bar and round bar ... distance, wherein the width of L is greater than the width of e, but be less than flowerpot, shows that diameter is greater than flowerpot base diameter.
Described support is made ∏ type structure by 3 welding of three angle bar, and processes through galvanizing.
Each jardiniere is at least established 2 supports.
Embodiment 2
1, basic facilities condition
Modernization glass greenhouse, has blower fan-cascade cooling system, inside and outside sunshading and thermal insulating system, pipeline heating system, spraying humidification system, irrigation system, the envirment factor such as the temperature in can manual adjustment greenhouse, humidity, illumination.
2, jardiniere is set up
In greenhouse, set up jardiniere, referring to Fig. 2, jardiniere inserts support in ground by two and the several round bars on support form, and support is wide 1.3 meters, high 0.5 meter, inserts underground 0.17 meter.Support is made ∏ type structure by the welding of 30 * 30mm angle bar, and processes through galvanizing.On support, put 8 19mm diameter circle steel pipes, in 1.3 meters of width, can put 4 flowerpots (referring to Fig. 3).
3, plantation
1) seedling is selected: 20 centimetres of health of plant height, without the potted plant seedling of the red palm of damage by disease and insect, robust growth.
2) basin device is selected: the domestic plastic flowerpot that diameter is 25cm, soaks 15min sterilization through 1000 times of potassium permanganate before using.
3) cultivation matrix: use the mixed-matrix of peat composed of rotten mosses 70%+ perlite 30%, the pH value of matrix is between 5.5-6.5, and EC value is lower than 0.5mS/cm.The peat composed of rotten mosses is Denmark Pin Shi board, and fibre length is greater than 40 millimeters.Before matrix is used, through 121 ℃ of high temperature fumigations.
4) field planting: plant 1 strain seedling in each flowerpot.During field planting, seedling to be planted in the centre of basin, and be made growing point and following leaflet expose stromal surface.After field planting, spray in time 3000 times of liquid of 72% streptomycin sulphate and 1000 times of liquid of 70% tpn, prevent the generation of wound infection and other disease.Front 20-30d after field planting is not used nutrition liquid irrigation, adopts artificial water spray every day or sprays with spraying system.Day temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃, evening 20 ℃ of left and right.Illumination is below 5000Lux.Relative moisture 70-80%.
4, daily management
1) temperature and humidity management: 25 ℃ of day temperatures, humidity is in 75% left and right; 18 ℃ of nocturnal temperatures, humidity is in 80% left and right.Can use blower fan-cascade cooling humidification summer, use in winter heating system is heated.
2) illumination management: intensity of illumination 15000-20000lx left and right covers 75% illumination, morning, dusk or overcast and rainy without shading when Clear Days Summer.
3) water and fertilizer management: red palm special fertilizer for fertilizer, A fertilizer is diluted after 1000 times of liquid, after the fertile all dissolvings of A, add again B fertilizer (A fertilizer, the fertile component of B are referring to table 1), make EC value be controlled at 1.5 left and right, pH value is at 5.5-6.0, and Seedling Stage strengthens extension rate.Autumn, general 7-10d was 1 cycle, and summer, 5-7d was 1 cycle, a water, and disposable fertilizer, can water water 1 time more when temperature is high; Winter, general 10-15d watered rich water 1 time.
5, the extermination of disease and insect pest
1) disease: mainly contain root rot, bacterialo wilt disease, anthracnose etc.Root rot can be made every effort to overcome the control of 1000 times of liquid irrigating roots with general; Bacterialo wilt disease can be prevented and treated by 800 times of liquid of periodically sprinkle agricultural streptomycin; Anthracnose can be sprayed 500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 800 times of liquid of mancozeb etc.
2) insect pest: mainly contain aphid, thrips etc.Aphid can prevent and treat with 1500 times of liquid of Imidacloprid, 1500 times of liquid spraying controls of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for thrips.
Plant latter about 8 months, reach full-bloom stage, same kind flower is painted, flower type is consistent, and before and after same batch of florescence, difference number of days is less than 10 days, is convenient to concentrate the listing of gathering, and saves labor cost; More than 90% spray height 60cm, approximately 6 of every strain spray numbers, have effectively improved quality and the commodity rate of red palm cut-flower.Meanwhile, damage by disease and insect occurs less, plants damage by disease and insect incidence reduced by 30% left and right compared with groove.
6, cut-flower is gathered
After the bract of spending is opened completely, spadix lower end has 2/3 variable color to gather, while gathering, with scissors, spray is cut from the about 3cm of base portion, after cutting, spray is put in the Plastic Drum that fills clear water immediately, then carry out bagging, classification, packing, sale.After picking flowers the agricultural streptomycin of available 1000 times spray, sterilizing.During cut-flower, to note the sterilization of cut-flower instrument, to avoid the infection of virus between different plants.

Claims (10)

1. cultivate the jardiniere that red palm cut-flower is used for one kind, it is characterized in that, support in insertion ground and many round bars on support form, wherein interval L, e, L, e successively between round bar and round bar ... distance, wherein the width of L is greater than the width of e, but the surface diameter that is less than flowerpot is greater than the base diameter of flowerpot.
2. jardiniere according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described support is made ∏ type structure by angle bar welding, and processes through galvanizing.
3. jardiniere according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each jardiniere is at least established 2 supports.
4. a stand cultivation method for red palm cut-flower, is characterized in that, comprises that jardiniere is set up, matrix selection, cultivation management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, cut-flower gather; Concrete implementation step is as follows:
1) in green house, set up jardiniere as claimed in claim 1;
2) plantation:
1. seedling is selected: plant height 20-25 centimetre health, without the potted plant seedling of the red palm of damage by disease and insect, robust growth;
2. basin device is selected: plastic flowerpot, and domestic, potassium permanganate soaking disinfection before using;
3. cultivation matrix: use the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlitic mixed-matrix, the two volume ratio is 6-7: 4-3, the pH=5.5-6.0 of matrix, EC value is lower than 0.5mS/cm; Described mixed-matrix needs fumigation under 121 ℃ of high temperature before using;
4. field planting: by planting 1 strain seedling in each flowerpot, during field planting, seedling is planted in the centre of basin, and made growing point and following leaflet expose stromal surface;
3) daily management
1. temperature and humidity management: day temperature 20-30 ℃, humidity 70%-80%; Nocturnal temperature 18-20 ℃, humidity 75%-85%;
2. illumination management: intensity of illumination 15000-20000lx covers 75% illumination when fine day, and maximum intensity of illumination can not surpass 25000lx for a long time, morning, dusk or overcast and rainy without shading;
3. water and fertilizer management: the fertilising of potted anthurium andraeanum special fertilizer, comprise that A is fertile and B is fertile, first by after 600-1000 times of liquid of the fertile dilution of A, add again B fertile after all dissolving until A is fertile, make EC value be controlled at 1.0-1.5, pH value is at 5.5-6.0, Seedling Stage increasing extension rate; Autumn, general 7-10d was 1 cycle, and summer, 5-7d was 1 cycle, a water, and disposable fertilizer, can water water 1 time more when temperature is high; Winter, general 10-15d watered rich water 1 time;
4) extermination of disease and insect pest;
5) cut-flower is gathered.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, sprays in time 3000 times of liquid of streptomycin sulphate and tpn 800-1000 times liquid after field planting, prevents the generation of wound infection and other disease; Front 20-30d after field planting is not used any nutrition liquid irrigation, adopts artificial water spray every day or sprays with spraying system; Day temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃, evening 20 ℃ of left and right, illumination below 5000Lux, relative moisture 70-80%.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the water in described water and fertilizer management process is collected rainwater in the rainwater recycle facility be furnished with of green house.
7. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the fertile and B fertilizer composition of described A as in the table below, 100 times of mother liquors,
Figure FDA00002171116200021
8. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described disease mainly contains root rot, bacterialo wilt disease, anthracnose, 800-1000 times of liquid irrigating root control of Pu Like for root rot; 800-1000 times of liquid control of bacterialo wilt disease periodically sprinkle agricultural streptomycin; Anthracnose is sprayed 500-1000 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, mancozeb 800-1000 times liquid; Described insect pest mainly contains aphid, thrips, 1500 times of liquid controls of Imidacloprid for aphid, 1500 times of liquid spraying controls of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for thrips.
9. method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, cut-flower recovery process is: after the bract of flower is opened completely, spadix lower end has 2/3 variable color to gather, while gathering, with scissors, spray is cut from the about 2-3cm of base portion, after cutting, spray is put in the Plastic Drum that fills clear water immediately, then carry out bagging, classification, packing, sale.
10. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, after picking flowers with the agricultural streptomycin of 1000 times spray, sterilizing.
CN201210356194.XA 2012-09-21 2012-09-21 Standing frame cultivation method of anthurium cut flowers Pending CN103650818A (en)

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104322269A (en) * 2014-11-29 2015-02-04 元江县臧健花卉科技开发有限公司 Domestication method for fresh cut flowers of wild lovely gloriosa
CN105794584A (en) * 2016-06-14 2016-07-27 刘玉峰 Potted fruit tree, soft-seed pomegranate and chrysanthemum three-crop interplanting method in greenhouse planting
CN105830706A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-08-10 德清绿色阳光农业生态有限公司 Cultivation method inhibiting anthurium blazing sunlight yellow leaf regeneration
CN108207593A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-29 西昌天喜园艺有限责任公司 A kind of white palm method for planting
CN109053255A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-21 北京花乡花卉科技研究所有限公司 A kind of liquid fertilizer, preparation method and its application for plant seedlings
CN109618859A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-04-16 玉溪市农业科学院 A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method
CN115589920A (en) * 2022-09-23 2023-01-13 云南胜源农业科技发展有限公司(Cn) Cut flower Chinese rose single plant independent cultivation method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104322269A (en) * 2014-11-29 2015-02-04 元江县臧健花卉科技开发有限公司 Domestication method for fresh cut flowers of wild lovely gloriosa
CN104322269B (en) * 2014-11-29 2016-03-09 元江县臧健花卉科技开发有限公司 Wild good blue fresh cut lily flowers domesticating cultivation method
CN105830706A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-08-10 德清绿色阳光农业生态有限公司 Cultivation method inhibiting anthurium blazing sunlight yellow leaf regeneration
CN105794584A (en) * 2016-06-14 2016-07-27 刘玉峰 Potted fruit tree, soft-seed pomegranate and chrysanthemum three-crop interplanting method in greenhouse planting
CN108207593A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-29 西昌天喜园艺有限责任公司 A kind of white palm method for planting
CN109053255A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-21 北京花乡花卉科技研究所有限公司 A kind of liquid fertilizer, preparation method and its application for plant seedlings
CN109618859A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-04-16 玉溪市农业科学院 A kind of cut-flower Lisianthus substrate culture method
CN115589920A (en) * 2022-09-23 2023-01-13 云南胜源农业科技发展有限公司(Cn) Cut flower Chinese rose single plant independent cultivation method

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Application publication date: 20140326