JP2000116231A - Group planting for high-function foliage plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for group planting for a high-function foliage plant, capable of efficiently removing a volatile organic chemical substance in a house. SOLUTION: Plural kinds of plants of Chrysalidocarpus lutescens 12, spathiphyllum 14, Syngonium 16, anthurium 18 and cissus Rhombifolia (Ellen danica) 20 as high-function foliage plants capable of highly removing volatile chemical substances in air are planted in a flower pot 10 using only charcoal particles as soil for plant cultivation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to planting of high-performance houseplants having a high ability to remove pollutants in the air.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a phenomenon called so-called sick building syndrome has been attracting attention as buildings become more airtight. Sick building syndrome is caused by allergic symptoms, asthma, eyes and eyes, mainly caused by volatile organic chemicals in indoor air.
Inflammation of the nose and throat, fatigue, headache, neuropathy and other symptoms.

[0003] Examples of volatile organic chemicals that cause this sick building syndrome include substances such as formaldehyde, xylene, toluene, benzene, trichloroethylene, chloroform, ammonia, alcohol, and acetone. It is known that these volatile organic chemicals such as formaldehyde are easily generated from electrical products such as interior materials and facsimile immediately after construction.

[0004] By the way, NASA (American Aeronautics and Space Administration) has been conducting research on removing volatile chemical substances in air in a spacecraft. Then, in 1984, NASA published a study that formaldehyde in a closed experimental space was removed by plants. This research was further developed, and 50 kinds of plants selected as houseplants having a high function of removing volatile organic chemicals were described in Document 1: "BC.
Wolverton, Eco Plant, 1998
10th, published by Shufu no Tomosha ".

[0005] As the air purifying effect of the foliage plant is known as described in the above-mentioned document 1, a group of foliage foliage plants, which were conventionally merely placed indoors as accessories, have attracted attention as an air purifying device. It has come to be.

[0006]

By the way, the high-performance houseplants described in the above-mentioned reference 1 do not necessarily have a high removing ability for all volatile organic chemical substances. That is, each type of plant has a high removal ability for a specific volatile organic chemical substance, but does not necessarily have a high removal ability for other volatile chemical substances. For this reason, it is desired to remove various volatile organic chemical substances uniformly and increase the removal amount of VOC.

In addition, the floor area of the room is limited. For this reason, the space for placing potted plants is usually limited. Therefore, it is often difficult to place many houseplants in a room.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to provide a planting of a high-performance houseplant capable of efficiently removing indoor volatile organic chemical substances.

[0009]

In order to achieve this object, according to the planting method of the present invention for high-performance houseplants, among high-performance houseplants having a high ability to remove volatile chemical substances in the air, Several types of plants are planted indoors.

According to the high-performance houseplant planting of the present invention, a plurality of types of volatile organic chemicals (hereinafter referred to as VOCs) in indoor air are provided by providing several kinds of high-function houseplants that blow indoors. ) Can be efficiently removed. That is, each of a plurality of high-performance houseplants combined removes a specific type of VOC. For this reason, a VOC of a type having a low removal efficiency with only a certain type of houseplant can be efficiently removed by another type of houseplant. As a result, more types of VOCs
Indoor concentration can be reduced. In addition, the group planting can increase the amount of plants per unit area. For this reason, the removal amount of VOC can be improved.

In addition, not only a container such as a flower pot, but also a part of an indoor floor such as a hospital or a building may be dug down and filled with soil, and a group of high-performance houseplants may be provided there.

In the planting of high-performance houseplants of the present invention, preferably, a plurality of types of high-performance houseplants among high-performance houseplants having a high ability to remove volatile chemical substances in the air are planted in one container. Is desirable.

As described above, if a plurality of types of houseplants are planted together in one container, usually (for example, by planting a plurality of types of houseplants having mutually different heights), one potted plant is usually planted. More houseplants can be planted than when only one type of houseplant is planted. As a result, the amount of leaves of a plant growing from one pot plant increases. For this reason, it can be expected that the amount of VOC removal per pot plant is improved.

[0014] The container for planting is not limited to a flowerpot, and any suitable container such as a planter can be used. Highly functional houseplants include not only plants with high VOC removal ability, but also houseplants with high transpiration ability and houseplants with high ability to release useful chemical substances called phytochemicals.

[0015] In the planting of high-performance houseplants according to the present invention, preferably, one kind of a plurality of kinds of plants is selected from the group consisting of Boston Tamashida, pot mum, gerbera,
Shinnoyashi, Aowanecki, Kama Edorea Zaiflitsy, Nephrorepis obliterata, Indian rubber tree, Ilex ilexa, Benjamin rubber tree, Spatiphyllum, Areca cocoa, Dracaena fragrans "Massangana" Kannonchik, Brassia actinophila, Nembibulink Necky ", Koyaburan, Dendrobium,
Defenbachia "Exotica Compactor", Tulip, Fixie Aliy, Homaromena Barishi, Table Palm, Azalea, Akraonema "Silver Queen", Nakafori Peruran, Dwarf Banana, Philodendron Elveskens, Defenbachia "Camilla", Philodendromedomed Shimanan Yosugi, Begonia Sempa Florence, Maranta Leuconeura "Kelshobiana", Sissus
Rhombifolia "Ellen Danica", Christmas Cactus (Chacocactus), Philodendron Cerium, Singonium, Himekazura, Anthurium, Karatea, Poinsettia, Cyclamen, Phalaenopsis (Kocholan), Ecmea Faschiata (Ananas), Croton, Sanseveria Atroetri Vera or Kalanchoe is desirable.

According to the description on page 23 of the above-mentioned document 1, all of these types of plants have a function of efficiently removing formaldehyde. Therefore, if one of the houseplants used for group planting is any of these plants and the group plant is provided indoors, the formaldehyde concentration in indoor air can be efficiently reduced.

[0017] Formaldehyde has been identified as a causative agent of sore eyes, nose and throat in sick building syndrome by recent research, and further causes asthma, chronic respiratory disease and neuropsychological disease. Suspected as a substance. In addition, formaldehyde has been suggested to be carcinogenic. For this reason, formaldehyde is VOC
Among (volatile organic chemical substances), it is one of the substances to be particularly removed.

In the planting of the high-functional houseplant of the present invention, preferably, one of the plurality of plants is selected from the group consisting of Areca palm, Shinno palm, Phalaenopsis, Defembakia "Camilla", Benifklinsennenboku, Dendrobium, Defembakia. Dexotica ", Homaromena Barishi, Neflorepis obliterata, Dracaena" Warnecki ", Anthurium,
It is desirable to use Dracaena fragrance "Massagena", Benjamin rubber tree or Spatifiram.

According to the description on page 24 of the above-mentioned document 1, all of these types of plants have a function of efficiently removing xylene and toluene having similar chemical properties to each other. Therefore, if one kind of the foliage plants used for group planting is any of these plants and the group plant is provided indoors, the xylene and toluene concentrations in the indoor air can be efficiently reduced.

In the planting of the high-functional houseplant according to the present invention, preferably, one of the plurality of plants is selected from the group consisting of kannonchik, Homaromena balisii, koyaburan, anthurium, pot mum, caratea, dendrobium, tulip, and table palm. , Singonium, Benjamin rubber tree, Spatifiram, Dracaena fragrance "Massangheana" or Azalea.

According to the description on page 24 of the above-mentioned reference 1, all of these types of plants have a function of efficiently removing ammonia. Therefore, if one kind of houseplant used for group planting is any of these plants and the group plant is provided indoors, the ammonia concentration in indoor air can be efficiently reduced.

In the planting of high-performance houseplants of the present invention, it is preferable that plants other than high-performance houseplants are further planted in the container. As described above, by planting plants other than the high-functional houseplants, in particular, flowers, together with the plant, it is possible to improve not only the high-functionality but also the beauty.

By the way, on page 25 of the above document 1,
In a formaldehyde removal experiment using kannonchik, it has been reported that as the time elapses after the start of the experiment, the phenomena in which the rate of formaldehyde removal increases rather than weakens. Furthermore, it has been reported that, depending on the houseplant, a phenomenon in which the ability to absorb VOCs rapidly increases 24 hours after the start of the experiment. According to the description in the above-mentioned document 1, this phenomenon is caused by the fact that plants send VOCs in the air absorbed from leaves to microorganisms in the rhizosphere, and the microorganisms adapt to the activity to decompose the VOCs. It suggests that it is being done. Therefore, in order to more efficiently remove VOCs from indoor air,
It is desirable to create an environment where microorganisms can easily propagate in the rhizosphere of the plant, that is, in the planting soil.

Therefore, in the planting of the high-performance houseplant of the present invention, it is preferable that the soil of the planting container contains charcoal grains. Charcoal has a porous structure in which pores having a diameter of about 2 to 3 μm are innumerable. This porosity is a space suitable for propagation of microorganisms. Charcoal also has an excellent humidity control effect. Therefore, charcoal is an excellent bioreactor (reactor for microorganisms).

Then, the charcoal particles (for example, a particle size of 1-2 mm
７7 mm to several cm) (also referred to as charcoal powder), the VOCs absorbed from the leaves of the plants are transcribed by the roots of the plants spread in the container for planting. It is expected to be supplied to the microorganisms in the charcoal grains and decomposed by the microorganisms at a high rate. Therefore, if charcoal grains are used, it is expected that a plurality of types of VOCs respectively absorbed by a plurality of types of houseplants will be efficiently decomposed by microorganisms, and VOCs in the air will be more efficiently removed.

Further, the soil is usually given an appropriate amount of moisture by watering. In addition, foliage plantings are usually placed under moderate room temperature. These humidity and temperature conditions are also favorable conditions for the propagation of microorganisms. Therefore, the use of charcoal grains as a habitat for microorganisms in the soil can assist in the propagation of microorganisms.

Note that charcoal has an extremely large surface area because it is porous. For this reason, charcoal itself has the ability to adsorb VOCs. However, the adsorption capacity of charcoal is lost in a relatively short time due to saturation of the adsorption amount. On the other hand, microorganisms are propagated on charcoal, and
If OC is decomposed, the purification effect can be maintained semipermanently.

In the planting of high-performance houseplants according to the present invention, the content of charcoal grains in the soil is preferably at least 10% by volume. By setting the content of the charcoal grains to 10%, the effect of including the charcoal grains in the medium can be sufficiently exhibited. For example, the propagation efficiency of VOCs can be improved by assisting the propagation of microorganisms. The upper limit of the content is, of course, 100%.

In the group planting of high-performance houseplants of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a layer of charcoal grains on the surface of the planting soil. In this way, if the surface of the soil is covered with the charcoal granules, the soil can be prevented from adhering to the back of the leaf during irrigation or the like. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases caused by the adhesion of the soil. Furthermore, by providing a layer of charcoal grains, an effect of preventing drying of the soil can be expected.

[0030] Charcoal also has the effect of repelling plant pests. For this reason, by covering the surface of the soil with charcoal grains, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of erosion. as a result,
It is possible to prevent a reduction in the VOC removal ability due to damage caused by damage.

[0031] In the group planting of high-performance houseplants of the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the charcoal grain layer is 10% or more with respect to the depth of the soil. As described above, when the thickness of the charcoal grain layer is set to 10% or more, the effect of providing the charcoal grain layer can be sufficiently exhibited. For example, it is possible to reliably prevent the soil from adhering to the back of the leaf during watering. On the other hand, if the layer of charcoal grains is too thin, portions other than the charcoal grains (culture soil, etc.) are exposed to the surface of the soil over time, and the soil may adhere to the back of the leaves during watering. There is. The upper limit of the thickness of the charcoal grain layer to the depth of the soil is, of course, 100.
%.

In the group planting of high-performance houseplants according to the present invention, it is preferable that the planting medium is only charcoal grains. As described above, if the soil is made of only charcoal grains, as described above, it not only suppresses the occurrence of disease and food damage, but also increases the water retention, air permeability, and fertilization of the soil, and provides sufficient oxygen to the rhizosphere. Can be supplied to As a result, not only does the growth of the plant have a favorable effect, but in particular, the rhizosphere can be made an environment suitable for the propagation of aerobic bacteria such as Pseudomonas. As a result, more efficient removal of VOCs can be expected.

In the group planting of high-performance houseplants according to the present invention, it is preferable that the charcoal particles are charcoal particles coated with chitosan. When chitosan is coated on charcoal grains, the adsorption power of charcoal itself is reduced, but microorganisms are more likely to colonize. For this reason, the propagation of microorganisms can be assisted, and VOCs can be more efficiently removed.

[0034]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the high-performance houseplant planting of this embodiment, Areca palm 1 is used as a high-performance houseplant having a high ability to remove volatile chemical substances in the air.
2. Spattiphyllum 14, Singonium 16, Anthurium 18, and Cissus rhombifolia "Ellen Danica" 20 are planted in one flowerpot 10 to form potted plants.

Arekayashi (scientific name: Criside Calps
Ruteskens) 12 is a relatively tall houseplant, with a formaldehyde removal rate of 10 μg / h, and
It has a function of removing xylene and toluene: 19 μg / hour. In addition, spatifiram (scientific name: spatty film) 14 has a formaldehyde removal rate of 10 μg /
Time, and xylene and toluene removal rate: 8 μg /
Have the function of time. In addition, spatifiram also shows high removal rates for acetone, methyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and benzene.

Singonium (scientific name: Singonium podfilm) 16 has a formaldehyde removal rate of 4
It has a function of μg / hour. In addition, Singonium 16
Shows a high removal rate also for ammonia. Also,
Anthurium (scientific name: Anthurium Andreanum)
No. 18 has a function of removing formaldehyde: 4 μg / hour. Further, anthurium 18 also shows a high removal rate for xylene, toluene and ammonia.
Also, Cissus Lombifolia "Ellen Danica"
(Scientific name: Sissus rhombifolia "Ellen Danica") (common name: grape ivy) 20 also has a function of removing formaldehyde: 4 μg / hour.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, spatifiram 14, singonium 16, anthurium 18, and grape ivy 20 are used as undergrowths of Aleyakashi 12, each having a diameter of about 20 cm to several tens cm. We plant in flower pot. In this way, by planting a plurality of types of plants in one flowerpot, it is possible to improve the VOC removal rate as compared to, for example, a case where only Areca palm 12 is planted. For example, the removal rate of formaldehyde is 10 μg / hour in the case of Areca palm alone, but it is as high as 32 μg / hour when the removal rates of spatifiram 14 and singonium 16 are summed up.

In addition, in this case, formaldehyde, xylene and toluene can be removed only by Areca palm 12, but by adding spatifiram 14 to the plant, acetone, methyl alcohol and ethyl acetate are also removed in addition to formaldehyde and the like. can do. Besides, Singonium 1 for planting
Ammonia can also be removed by adding 6 and anthurium 20. As a result, the indoor concentration of more types of VOCs can be reduced by one pot plant.

Note that houseplants emit a useful chemical substance called phytochemicals in addition to evaporating oxygen and water vapor. For this reason, from this point of view, the effect of improving the indoor environment by preventing indoor air from drying can be expected by placing a group of houseplants indoors.

Next, FIG. 2 shows a partial sectional view of the potted plant. However, illustration of plants is omitted in FIG. FIG.
(A), a layer of charcoal grains having a thickness of, for example, about 10 cm is provided on the surface of the soil. The size of the charcoal grains is preferably, for example, about 1 to 2 mm to 7 mm. By providing a layer of charcoal grains, an effect of preventing drying of the soil can be expected.

The lower side of the charcoal grain layer is filled with a culture soil for ordinary houseplants. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the layer of charcoal grains is about 50% with respect to the depth of the soil, and the content of charcoal grains with respect to the soil is 50% by volume.

In the case of the group planting shown in FIG. 2B, only the charcoal grains are used as the soil. If the soil is made of only charcoal grains, as described above, it not only suppresses the occurrence of diseases and food damage, but also enhances the water retention, air permeability, and fertilization of the soil, and provides sufficient oxygen to the rhizosphere. Can be. As a result, not only does the growth of the plant have a favorable effect, but also the rhizosphere can be made an environment suitable for the propagation of aerobic bacteria such as Pseudomonas. As a result, more efficient removal of VOCs can be expected.

The charcoal grains used for the soil are preferably those coated with chitosan. By coating with chitosan, the colonization of microorganisms on porous charcoal can be improved, and the microorganisms can be easily propagated. as a result,
It can be expected that VOCs can be removed more efficiently.

In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the present invention is configured under specific conditions. However, the present invention can be variously modified. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example of group planting in which specific types of high-functional houseplants are combined has been described. However, in the present invention, the method of combining plants is not limited to this. For example, in the present invention, flowers other than the high-performance houseplant may be planted together with the high-performance houseplant in one container. Also,
The installation place of the high-performance ornamental plant potted plant is not limited to the room, and may be set indoors such as a building lobby.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example was described in which potted plants were used. However, according to the present invention, planted plants are not limited to potted plants, and for example, asiatic acid in buildings and particularly clean air are required. In an indoor lobby such as a hospital, a part of the floor may be dug down, or a part of the floor may be embanked and planted as a plant. Of course, also in this case, it is preferable to include charcoal in the medium or to form a charcoal layer.

[0046]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a plurality of types of high-functional houseplants combined remove a specific type of VOC. For this reason, a VOC of a type having a low removal efficiency with only a certain type of houseplant can be efficiently removed by another type of houseplant. As a result, more types of VOCs
Indoor concentration can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when a plurality of types of houseplants are planted together in one pot plant, usually more houseplants are planted than when only one type of houseplant is planted. Can be planted. As a result, the amount of leaves of a plant growing from one pot plant increases. Therefore, it is expected that one pot plant can reduce the indoor concentration of various types of VOCs and improve the VOC removal amount. Therefore, by installing the high-performance houseplants according to the present invention indoors, it is possible to efficiently remove a plurality of types of VOCs in indoor air.

According to the third aspect of the invention, formaldehyde can be efficiently removed. Also,
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, xylene and toluene can be efficiently removed. According to the invention of claim 5, ammonia can be efficiently removed. According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of purifying the indoor air, an improvement in aesthetic appearance can be expected. Further, according to the inventions according to claims 7 to 12, the use of charcoal granules can help the propagation of microorganisms and improve the VOC removal efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a high-performance houseplant group planting of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are partial cross-sectional views of a potted plant.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Flowerpot 12 Areca palm 14 Spatifiram 16 Singonium 18 Anthurium 20 Cissus rhombifolia "Ellen Danica" 22 Charcoal grains 24 Culture soil

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2B022 AB17 BA07 BA11 BA18 DA19 2B027 ND01 ND03 UB26 4C080 AA03 BB02 CC02 HH05 KK08 MM05 MM23 MM31 MM40 QQ03 QQ20 4D002 AA13 AA32 AA33 AA40 CA10 BA01 DA04 CA07

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A highly functional houseplant planting, wherein a plurality of kinds of plants are planted indoors among high function houseplants having a high ability to remove volatile chemical substances in the air. 2. The planting of high-performance houseplants according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of types of high-performance houseplants among high-performance houseplants having high ability to remove volatile chemical substances in the air are planted in one container. A high-performance houseplant group plant characterized by that. 3. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein one of the plurality of kinds of plants is selected from the group consisting of Boston Tamashida, pot mum, gerbera, cinno palm, Aowanacky, Camaedrea Zaiflitzy, Nephrolepis obliterata, Indian rubber tree, Ilex ilex, Benjamin rubber tree, spatiphyllum, Areca cocoa, Dracaena fragrance "Massangeana"
・ Konnonchik, Brassia actinophila, Benifklin Sennenboku, Drasena `` Warnecky '', Koyaburan, Dendrobium, Defenbachia `` Exotica Compactor '', Tulip, Fixix Alii, Homaromena Barishi, Table Palm, Azalea, Akraonema `` Silver Queen ''", Nakafolidurran, dwarf banana, Philodendron Elveskens, Defenbachia" Camilla ", Philodendron Domesticum, Potos, Shimananjosugi, Begonia Sempa Florence, Maranta Leuconeura" Kelshobiana ", Sissass Lombanifo Cactus, Philodendron Cerium, Singonium, Himezazura, Anthurium, Karatea, Po Nsechia, cyclamen, Phalaenopsis, Ekumea-Fasukiata, Croton, Sansevieria-Torifasukiata, aloe vera, or planting sophisticated ornamental plants, characterized in that the Kalanchoe. 4. The planting method according to claim 1, wherein one of the plurality of plants is selected from the group consisting of Areca palm, Shinno palm, Phalaenopsis, Dieffenbachia "Camilla", and Benifukurinsenenboku. , Dendrobium,
Highly functional houseplants characterized by being Defenbachia "Dexotica", Homaromena Barisi, Neflorepis obliterata, Dracena "Warneyky", anthurium, Drassena fragrance "Massangheana", Benjamin rubber tree or Spattiphyllum. 5. The group planting of high-functional houseplants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one of the plurality of plants is selected from the group consisting of kannonchiku,
Homaromena Barishi, Koyaburan, Anthurium, Potmum, Karatea, Dendrobium, Tulip,
Table palm, Singonium, Benjamin rubber tree,
Highly functional houseplants planted with spathiphyllum, Dracaena fragrans "Massagena" or Azalea. 6. The planted high-function houseplant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plant other than the high-function houseplant is further planted in the container. High-functioning plants to plant. 7. The highly functional houseplant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the soil of the container contains charcoal grains. Planting. 8. The planting method according to claim 7, wherein the content of the charcoal grains in the soil is 10% by volume.
A highly functional houseplant planting characterized by the above. 9. The highly functional houseplant according to claim 7, wherein the charcoal grain layer is provided on the surface of the soil. 10. The planting of high-performance houseplants according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the layer of the charcoal grains is 10% with respect to the depth of the soil.
A highly functional houseplant planting characterized by the above. 11. The high-performance houseplant according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the soil is only charcoal grains. 12. The highly functional houseplant according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the charcoal grains are chitosan-coated charcoal grains. Houseplant planting.